331

x~ HO_s ~ H~
(WO@s_ \ (APOSS) H~)
=lH G=
1
(H~ =_)

F< (APSOS), ^~^

Z.. \
U..F< \, ..W.P~.\. HO, Z.a._O Z^@, |+~Q, ^~^ - 500001
<: 040-23299568, "\ : www.apopenschool.org; E-mail : diraposshyd@yahoo.in
 Andhra Pradesh Open School Society
Government of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad

First Published : 2011

All Rights Reserved

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system or transmitted, in any form or by any means without the prior
permission, in writing of the publisher, nor be otherwise circulated in any
form of binding or cover.

This Book is a Telugu translation of the original Mathematics (311)

English version of NIOS, NODIA
Type setting at : M/s Pavan Graphics
Graphics,
Block-31, Flat - 3, Vignanpuricolony,
Vidyanagar, Hyderabad

ii
iii
iv
v
 D `Q ` =O^ =@
PO^ ^ \ F< , ^~^, 2010-11 q^ O=`~= #O_ ^~q^ WO@s_ \
H~# ` L`~ G.O.Ms. No. 170 Higher Education (I.E- II), Dt. 04-9-2010 H~=
~OaOzO^x `@ O`+ < #. D H~ " = Ok# J O^iH < Ja#O^#.
^~q^ ~OaOK|_# D H~ ~ Q~ WO@s_ \ (~ P WO@s_ \, PO^ ^ , ^~^)
H~ =#"# k. U^ XH H~}=K WO@s_ \ H~ K x H iK x J D H~ XH
=~ J=HO.
D ~ H= # <+# Wx@ \ P F< eOQ (NIOS) <~_ "i J#=u` "i |
H~= "i POQ =^= H= J#"^= K|_#k. (Vide letter of chairman, NIOS/CMO/
MISC/10/314, Dt. 27-10-2010) O|Ok` q+ x` # =i J#= A# PK~, s_~ ,
H~~K NIOS ~ QO^ J#"^= K |_#q. D ~ H = x JOx NIOS "i O|Ok`
H = x =oH =## ^$+ O^OKHx, `QH J#$[# QqOK|_#k. J=~" # K@ J=Q#
xq`= J#"^^ = `@ POQ ^# _ W=_O [iyOk. J J=Q# HO
z`\ , ~ M\ O^iK=. D~ H = J `= "~ Lz`=Q O}K
_O
ZO` O`x HeyO k. J J^ #O HO ~O# jiH Q ql OK@" HH,
~ ["| _ W=_O [iyOk. J#=x q^~ OQ =^#=
~H"e. "iH kOK J^ Z\H C _ J Qu x sHO Ke. J=~" # K@ `=
JOkOKe. "i Qu #@~` iKe. D JO J W=|_# J<"O\
(Assignments) / * Z\H C _ kk, "i *<x J=Q## i+O K e. "i q +`
|OQ~ @ " e.
D O^~ O Q J#"^=# J#=uOz# NIOS K~< QiH, NIOS H@s QiH "i O|Ok`
|OkH H$`[` . D J#"^=# `Q J#$[#su fikk# J^ , ^^_ # q^Y
` =Y H~^i, N=u KO^<M< I.A.S QiH, =# ~ROx qq^ L ` , _< ,
qq^ OK, WO@s_ \ q^, L#` q^, ~ q^ "iH =i H@s ~ P WO@s_ \QiH
= Ja"^=. nxx =kOz# OK Govt. Text Book Press, N * ^O QiH "i |OkH
=O^<.
`y# su D H~H=x =#~z# = APOSS H~ =# |$O^xH, |OkH
HOH .
D ~ QO^= =#Qx, +Qx, Ja=$k k U"# =~, K~ , ~, `yO,
`` O|O^ K##K `=#kQ O|Ok` O^ix H~`<#.
J =Oz q +`# HOH ....

^~^ (H. P#O^H ~)

`k : 11-1-2011 OK
PO^ ^ \ F< , ^~^.
vi
 `Q J#$[#
=Y O^
N H . P#O^ H~
MSc., M.Ed., PE Dip in Edu (London)
_~H~,
F< \ , ^~^.

O^
II . K. L="<
i>~ ~,
NH$+^ = ~ qq^O,
J#O`~.

J#"^
_II l.q. ~=} _II . KO^
~, s_~ W< + l,
_ P _~" O\ P + l, H .K. Q=~"O\ _w Hl,
NH$+^ = ~ qq^O, J#O` ~ ^~ =~O, J#O` ~ l.
_II O. ~`
x,
x=i\ Q_ \ Hl,
HHf x=i\, x~, Pk^ l

=#H~
". =~=~
sl# HPi<@ ~,
Z.. F< \ , ^~^

vii
 q+ zH
Sociology - Basic Concepts
1. =[ GO - iK O 1-9
2. =[ G Pq~=O =i Ja=$k 10-21
3. =[xH W`~ O H =^ Q O|O^O 22-33
4. =[ G i^# - ^` =i H 34-45
5. =[O, =^O, O O =i O 46-57
6. O H =O 58-67
7. =lH xiu =i =lH == 68-79
8. =lH =} =i q= 80-92
9. JO` =i ` 93-102
10. H~O, \ =i O ~} 103-114
11. ~ O $fH~}
=, qehH~}
= =i =Q` 115-126

Social Institutions and Social Stratification

12. q"O 127-146

13. @O|= 147-166
14. |O^ `O 167-186
15. PiH, ~[ =i =` O 187-208
16. =lH sH~}
209-224

Social Change, Socialization and Social Control

17. =lH =~ - H~H 228-246

18. =lH =~ H 247-264
19. =lH =~ 265-277
20. =lH =~, =lHH~ } =i =lH xO`} 278-295
21. =lH =~ - s H~} =i =lH xO`} 296-307
22. =lH =~ O HH~ }
O, =lH xO`} 308-319

viii