2) Which of the following statements is false?

a) the total amount of entropy in the universe is constant

b) the total amount of energy in the universe is constant
c) the amount of entropy is increased if solid reactants become gaseous products
d) all of the above are false
e) none of (a), (b) or (c) is false – they all true.

3) Which of the following does not fall under the category of nucleic acids?
a) ATP
b) NADH
c) DNA
d) RNA
e) none of the above – they are all nucleic acids

4) Which of the following proteins are used in cyclic electron flow, but not in non-cyclic electron
flow?
a) b6-f complex
b) ferrodoxin
c) plastocyanin
d) plastoquinone
e) none of the above

5) Free energy is
a) energy which is floating around in the cell
b) energy which is available to do work
c) energy which has been released as heat
d) energy such as light energy which is not bound in chemicals
e) none of the above

6) Consider the chemical potential energy diagram below

If the above reaction is NOT spontaneous, then which of the following correctly describes the reaction?
a) ∆ G is positive, ∆ H is positive, and ∆ S is positive
b) ∆ G is positive, ∆ H is negative, and ∆ S is negative
c) ∆ G is negative, ∆ H is positive, and ∆ S is positive
 d) ∆ G is negative, ∆ H is negative, and ∆ S is negative
e) none of the above

7) What is the significance of enzymes in photosynthesis?

a) they absorb energy from metabolic reactions, thereby preventing damage to the cell
b) the enzymes absorb energy from the light, and use the light energy to generate sugar
molecules
c) they decrease the activation energy, facilitating the ability for reactions to take place.
d) they increase the activation energy, facilitating the ability for reactions to take place.
e) none of the above

8) Consider the following chemical

The chemical shown above is

a) ADP
b) F 1,6 BP
c) G6P
d) an RNA nucleotide
e) none of the above

9) Which of the following stages of cellular respiration produce ATP?

Bubble EVERY correct item on your scantron.
a) glycolysis
b) pyruvate oxidation
c) Krebs cycle
d) chemiosmosis and ETC
e) none of the above

10) How many NADH are formed (synthesized) during glycolysis from the processing of one glucose
molecule?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
e) none of the above

11) How many NADH are formed during the light reactions of photosynthesis for every two electrons
that flow through it?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
 d) 4
e) none of the above

12) During the Kreb cycle, FADH2 is formed between

a) citrate and isocitrate
b) malate and oxaloacetate
c) succinate and fumarate
d) succinyl CoA and succinate
e) none of the above

13) From our studies on macromolecules, the chemical below would best classified as belonging to
which group?

a) carbohydrate
b) lipid
c) protein
d) nucleic acid

Bonus (Knowledge)
The following bonus questions will be applied to the knowledge section only.

14) The following amino acid below is

a) histidine
b) isoleucine
c) phenylalanine
d) tryptophan
e) tyrosine

Knowledge (Part II) (30 marks)

Short Answer and Fill in the Blank

1) i) What is a buffer? Give an example of how they work. (2 marks)
ii) Why are buffers important for cellular processes? (2 marks)

2) Circle and label as many different functional groups as you can find on the molecule below. (2 marks)
 ii) Fully describe the nucleic acid component of the molecule shown. (3 marks)

Consider the following three radical for amino acids below. Which of the radicals below would
most likely be repelled by water? Explain your decision. (2 marks)
A B C

4) Complete the drawing of the Calvin Cycle below by filling in the blanks (3 marks)
3 x _____ (a)

RuBP 6 _____ (b)

 rubisco 6 ____ (c)

3 ____ (f)
6 _____ (d)

6 ____ (e)
5 G3P 6 G3P

G3P

glucose/starch/sucrose

5) Give an example of a structural polysaccharide in plants, and provide a diagram to

represent the chemical
(2 marks)
6) List where each of the following takes place in a cell (3 marks)

Event Where it takes place (be as specific as possible)

i) light reactions ________________

ii) Calvin cycle ________________

iii) glycolysis ________________

7) Select any two of the following, and provide an example and explanation of each.

redox reactions hydrolysis condensation

Choice 1: ________________ (2 marks)

Example:
Explanation:
Choice 2: ________________ (2 marks)
Example:
Explanation:

10) Explain the concept of oxidative phosphorylation, with an example, as it relates to

cellular respiration . (2 marks)
11) How much ATP and NADPH is required by the Calvin cycle to complete one cycle?
(2 marks)
12) How much ATP, NADH and FADH2 is generated from one turn of the Krebs cycle?
(3 marks)

Communication (8 marks)
1) Define the following terms related to metabolic processes. Give an example of each related to cellular
respiration or photosynthesis (4 marks – 2 marks each)
i) isomer
ii) substrate
2) Label the following parts of the structures shown below (4 marks)