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Slide 3
European standards
Slide 4
Introduction to HOIS Joint Industry Project
(JIP)
HOIS is a major well established JIP on
good practice for NDT/NDE in the oil &
gas industry
30+ years
Current membership 44
Members comprise:
Oil and Gas producers - operators
NDT service companies
NDT equipment vendors
Testing & Inspection Companies
A regulatory authority (UK HSE)
Slide 7
Standards
Slide 8
EN 16407-1 & 2, : Scope
Slide 9
Tangential techniques
Slide 10
Double wall techniques
Slide 11
EN 16407-1&2, - key points
Radiation Sources
Types of source
Source selection
Size and strength of sources
Sensitivity/quality measures:
Single wire IQI values based on experimental measurements (double wall techniques)
Density of film
Digital Image quality criteria
Basic spatial resolution of detector system (SRb)
Normalised Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR_N)
Slide 12
Source selection for tangential radiography EN
16407-1
Slide 13
Source selection for double wall
radiography EN 16407-2
Slide 14
Source to detector distances (SDD)
general
d PDD
Tangential improved TB SDD
0,3
d b
Double wall basic DWA SDD
0,6
d b
SDD
Double wall improved DWB 0,3
Slide 16
Tangential radiography image quality
Slide 17
Double wall radiography image quality
Film density:
Minimum optical density of 2 (1.5 by agreement between
contracting parties)
Slide 18
Tangential Radiography prEN 16407-1
other key sections
Comparator,
distances:
Pipe OD Detector
External comparators
Techniques for measurement
of remaining wall
thickness:
Interactive on-screen (cursor)
methods
Grey level profile methods
Interactive
Automated
Slide 19
Double wall Radiography EN 16407-2 Estimation
of differences in penetrated thickness
Important to:
Derive attenuation coefficient using a step wedge calibration object
on each image being analysed
Measurement and reference areas need to be close together in image
The underlying image grey level profile between the two measurement
positions needs to be assessed and any variations taken into account
Example showing
non linear grey
level profile: two
point measurement
method cannot give
accurate results
Slide 21
Sensitivity of radiographs obtained in
accordance with EN16407-2
Slide 22
Validation repeat blind POD trial
Clear improvement
Slide 23
Tangential radiography: limitations in sizing
accuracy for external corrosion
Slide 26