Cellasto

A microcellular
polyurethane
elastomer
When NVH
BASF
The Chemical Company
BASF is the worlds leading chemical company:
The Chemical Company. Its portfolio ranges
from oil and gas to chemicals, plastics,
performance products, agricultural products
and fine chemicals. As a reliable partner BASF
helps its customers in virtually all industries to
be more successful. With its high-value
products and intelligent solutions, BASF plays
an important role in finding answers to global
challenges such as climate protection, energy
efficiency, nutrition and mobility. At BASF, we
create chemistry.
is critical
Cellasto
Cellasto is the trade name for BASF The outstanding features are:
Polyurethanes high performance, microcellular n Low compression set
polyurethane elastomer. Cellasto components n High volume compressibility with minimum
have been used successfully for over 35 years as lateral expansion
the NVH (Noise, Vibration, Harshness) solution for n Excellent mechanical properties & durability
automotive chassis and suspension applications n Highly versatile - noise isolation at small
such as jounce bumpers, shock absorber top amplitude & high frequency; vibration
mounts and coil spring isolators. Cellasto is also isolation at large amplitude & low frequency
used in many other applications outside of n Abrasion resistant
automotive such as: elevator safety buffers; paper n Resistant to ozone, oils, greases and other
conveying components; friction dampers; sub- aliphatic hydrocarbons
frame, motor & body mounts; and more.
Progressive load deflection behavior
Cellasto components are based on a microcellular
polyurethane elastomer. The molded components
are produced in a closed-mold foaming process.
Depending on the amount of the material used, the
molded components have densities
350 to 650 kg/m . The pore volume accounts for
3
The maximum compression of a Cellasto molded
component depends on its density. The spring
deflection increases with decreasing density,
and can reach up to 80% of the original length
of of the component.

50 63% of the molded volume. Large spring deflection and low block height
characterize molded components made from
The pore diameters are in the range of a tenth of a Cellasto material.
millimeter and are partially closed.
For Cellasto components, a compressive stress of
During compression loading, the pore volume is the 4 MPa represents the dynamic continuous load limit.
first to compress followed by material compression. However, the material is not destroyed by a single
As compression increases, the material gains impact generating stresses of up to 20 MPa.
rigidity and transitions from flexible/soft to
rigid/stiff. This non-linear or progressive load-
deflection behavior is depicted in Figure A. 4
bulk density g/cm3
0.65
0.60
0.55
3
0.50
0.45
0.40
0.35
Figure A. normal climate conditions
Progressive 2
pressure-
compression
Compressive stress [MPa]

behavior

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Compression [%]
 Low lateral expansion and
high volume compressibility
Compact elastomers show large lateral expansion
when compressed. However, this is not the case with
cellular polyurethane elastomers. They are
characterized by low lateral expansion. Cellasto
spring elements are therefore suitable for applications
where the surrounding structural space is confined or
where the spring is located within an enclosure.

P
0%

63%
P
100%

rubber
Cellasto Cellasto
rubber
Compression between two plates Compression in enclosed space

120
Figure B.
Increase in diameter [%]

100 rubber in
Low lateral (45 Shore A) a cylinder
Compressive stress

80 rubber
expansion and
high volume 60 Cellasto 3
0.35 g/cm
compressibility 40
20 Cellasto in
a cylinder
20 40 60 80 100 20 60 100
Compression [%] Compression [%]

Scale representation of the Material grades:

compression (compressive Cellasto and rubber in the
deformation of Cellasto and initial compression range
rubber between two plates) (rubber 45 Shore A. 1.18
g/cm 3; Cellasto: 0.35 g/cm3)
Characteristic curves as a function of temperature
The mechanical properties of plastics are They are then suitable for applications to
temperature dependent, and are also subject to approximately -40C (-40F).
temperature limits.
Cellasto components gradually soften with
Cellasto components gradually stiffen with increasing temperature. As demonstrated in Figure
decreasing temperature and are suitable for C, the characteristic curve for Cellasto components
applications to about -30C (-22F). changes only slightly up to a temperature of
approximately 80C (176F), making Cellasto
Cellasto components that must maintain their suitable for use in ambient temperatures of up to
elasticity at low temperatures can be manufactured 80C (176F) without loss in elasticity performance.
from Cellasto specially formulated for cold flexibility.

4
bulk density 0.50 g/cm3

Figure C. -30C
Characteristic 2
curves as a
-20C
function of
Compressive stress [MPa]

temperature
0 - 80C
1

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Compression [%]
Temperature increase caused by damping
The material dampens a portion of the mechanical
energy input and converts it to heat. The dissipating
heat thereby increases the temperature in the
stressed molded component. This temperature
should not exceed 110C (230F).
molded component temperature as a function of
spring deflection and frequency. These conditions
are taken into consideration in the development
phase to determine if the critical temperature may
be reached for a particular application.

An equilibrium temperature is reached for molded Cellasto components which become stiffer at low
components subjected to stresses of constant temperatures regain their elastic properties as the
frequency and constant spring deflection. The family mechanical energy is converted to heat and the part
of curves depicted in Figure D is an example of the temperature increases.

z]
[H MH 2450
n cy
ue
eq 60
3.0 Fr
180
50
160
140
2.0 Crit 110 C
120
100
Temperature [C]

80
1.0
Figure D. 60 0.63
Temperature 40
increase caused 20
by damping 0

10

20
Sp

40
rin
g
de
fle
ct

60
io
n
[%
]
Static load-related creep
When designing molded Cellasto components, the The creep measurements shown in Figure E were
increased compression over time at constant load, carried out over a period of years, and in this
or creep, must be considered from the outset. The example, demonstrate the small change in
scale of creep, in comparison with reversible compression under constant load. In addition, the
compression, is extremely low and can generally be linearity of the curves allow for extrapolation beyond
disregarded in standard applications. the measurement period.

Dynamic load-related creep

Under dynamic loading, deformation or compression
is determined by the load frequency and number of
load cycles. Compression increases with increasing
load frequency. The increasing frequency raises the
temperature of the Cellasto test specimen causing
the material to become softer and more flexible.
The curve in Figure F flattens out in the load
controlled test. The low increase in compression
equals the permanent set. At the end of the test, the
sample virtually recovers to its original height.

Figure E. Static load-related creep Figure F. Dynamic load-related creep

80 80
20 20
7

70 70
20

60 20 = 2.0 N/mm2
60
20
MH 24-65

50 50
= 1.5 N/mm2
40 40 f=15 Hz
Compression [%]

Compression [%]

30 = 1.0 N/mm2 30
ff=3
=3
3 1/
1/33 Hz
Hzz
20 20
f=15 Hz
10 = 0.5 N/mm2 10
f=3 1/3 Hz
0 0 0 2
10 2 5 101 2 5 102 2 5 103 2 5 104 2 10 2 5 103 2 5 104 2 5 105 2 5 106 2
Time [h] Alternating load [cycles]
Amplitude dependent damping
In order to provide optimum isolation performance and safe driving purposes. These seemingly
in the field of Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH), contrasting requirements are met equally well with
materials need to have low damping properties at the use of Cellasto.
high frequencies. At those frequencies the
amplitudes are usually small. This is the opposite of Figure G clearly shows the steep rise in loss angle
large movements at low frequencies where the (a measurement of damping), with the increasing
material requirement is rapid damping for dynamic amplitudes for all material densities.

Dynamic stiffening
Cellasto exhibits a very low dynamic rate ratio even
at high frequencies. Figure H shows the dynamic
modulus values to a basis of 1 Hz. The data was
obtained by statically precompressing a cylinder by
30% of its original height. A sinusoidal load with an
amplitude of 0.1 mm is then applied. The dynamic
rate ratio decreases with increasing density.
This quality makes Cellasto an ideal material for
mounting elements to isolate noise and vibrations.

Figure G. Amplitude dependent damping Figure H. Low dynamic rate ratio

10 1.4 MH 24-35
Dynamic rate ratio [relative to 1Hz]

Precompression: 30% Precompression: 30%

Frequency: 10 Hz Amplitude: 0.1 mm
MH 24-45
1.35 MH 24-55
8 MH 24-35 MH 24-65
MH 24-45 1.3
Loss angle []

6 1.25
MH 24-55
MH 24-65 1.2
4 1.15
30 mm 1.1 30 mm
2
30 mm 1.05 30 mm

0 1.0
0 1 2 3 4 5 1 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Amplitude [mm] Frequency [Hz]
Material characteristics
Tested in Material designation: Cellasto MH24
Property Dimension
accordance with -35 -40 -45 -50 -55 -60 -65
Bulk density ASTM D3574, A 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 kg/m 3
Tensile strength ASTM D3574, E 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.5 6.5 7.0 MPa
Elongation at break ASTM D3574, E 350 350 400 400 400 400 400 %
Tear Strength 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0 N/mm
Compression set
deformation at 50%/70h/20C ASTM D3574, D 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 %
deformation at 50%/22h/70C ASTM D3574, D 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.5 5.5 %

Cellasto is the NVH

 Our Commitment
BASF can work with you to develop innovative
solutions that address a multitude of performance
attributes. BASF is committed to our customer's
success, and delivers:
n In-house technical expertise
n Customized solutions
n Collaboration between your engineering
teams and BASF experts
n Value added products through increased
driving comfort, light weighting and
noise reduction

To learn more, visit us at:

basf.us/cellasto.com

solution
BASF Corporation
1609 Biddle Avenue
Wyandotte, MI 48192
Phone: 734-324-6285
E-mail: cellasto@basf.com

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The statements in the product literature and label are guidelines only. Users should test this product in advance to verify suitability for
particular uses. BASF Corporation neither makes nor authorizes to be made any express or implied representation or warranty with regard
to this product concerning the performance, use, fitness for particular purpose, suitability for use on any surface or merchantability of this
product, whether used alone or in combination with other products. The furnishing by us of information and products either as experimental
samples or by sales, contains no recommendations respecting the use of these products or the lack of infringement of any patent nor does
it grant a license under any patent owned by our company. BASF assumes no liability for any damage of any kind regardless of cause,
including negligence.

Cellasto is a registered trademark of BASF Polyurethanes GmbH.

2011 BASF, Wyandotte, MI 48192. All rights reserved. CellastoCPE v1.0-09/15/11.