Universidad Mayor de San Andrs Culture and Civilization

Lingstica e Idiomas Founding Fathers

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Language and Linguistic Major / Summer session
CULTURE AND CIVILIZATION
Prof. Lic. Otoniel Plaza

TRABAJO 2
FOUNDING FATHERS

John Adams.

Benjamin Franklin.

Alexander Hamilton.

Thomas Jefferson.

James Madison.

Thomas Paine.

George Washington.

Benjamin Franklin (17 de enero, 1706 en Boston - 17 de abril,1790 en Filadelfia) Poltico, cientfico e inventor
estadounidense. Decimoquinto hijo de un total de diecisiete hermanos. Su formacin fue nicamente estudios
elementales, y slo los realiz hasta los diez aos. Primero trabaj ayudando a su padre en la cerera de su propiedad. A
los doce empez a trabajar como aprendiz en la imprenta propiedad de su hermano James. Cuando tena 15 aos, su
hemano fund el "New England Courant", considerado como el primer peridico realmente independiente de las colonias
britnicas y en 1724 se fue a Inglaterra para completar y acabar su formacin como impresor. Regres a Amrica en 1726
y en septiembre 1729 compr el peridico La Gaceta de Pensilvania, que public hasta 1748. Public adems el
Almanaque del pobre Richard (1732 - 1757) y fue el encargado de la emisin de papel moneda en las colonias britnicas
de Amrica (1727). Su aficin por los temas cientficos comenz a mediados de siglo y coincidi con el comienzo de su
actividad poltica, que se concentr en diversos viajes a Londres, entre 1757 y 1775, con el objetivo de abogar los
intereses de Pensilvania. Particip de forma muy intensa en el proceso que conducira finalmente a la independencia de
las colonias britnicas de Amrica, influy en la redaccin de la Declaracin de Independencia (1776) con participacin
de Jefferson y J. Adams, y se fue a Francia en busca de apoyo para continuar la campaa contra las tropas britnicas.

In total, the Federalist Papers consist of 85 essays outlining how this new government would operate and why this type of
government was the best choice for the United States of America. All of the essays were signed "PUBLIUS" and the
actual authors of some are under dispute, but the general consensus is that Alexander Hamilton wrote 52, James
Madison wrote 28, and John Jay contributed the remaining five.

Thomas Jefferson (13 de abril de 1743 - 4 de julio de 1826) fue el tercer presidente de los Estados Unidos de Amrica,
ocupando el cargo de 1801 a 1809. Fue tambin vicepresidente entre 1797 y 1801, gobernador de Virginia (1779-1781) y
el principal autor de la Declaracin de Independencia de los Estados Unidos

George Washington ( 22 de febrero de 1732 14 de diciembre de 1799) primer presidente de los Estados Unidos (1789
- 1797). Fue el Comandante en jefe de las fuerzas americanas en la Guerra de la Independencia de los Estados Unidos
(17751783), y posteriormente se convirti en el primer Presidente de los Estados Unidos de Amrica, cargo que ocup
desde 1789 hasta 1797. Debido a su importante participacin en la fundacin de los Estados Unidos, Washington es
conocido como "Padre de ese pas". Los rankings histricos realizados entre los escolares estadounidense.

Tatanka Iyotake, ms conocido como Toro Sentado (en ingls Sitting Bull) fue un jefe indio norteamericano de la tribu
de los sioux hunkpapa. Vivi entre los aos 1831 y 1890.

'Its done. We have become a nation.

Benjamin Rush, on the ratification of the Constitution, letter to Boudinot, July 9, 1788

A feeble executive implies a feeble execution of the government. A feeble execution is but another phrase for a bad
execution; and a government ill executed, whatever may be its theory, must, in practice, be a bad government.

Joseph Story, Commentaries on the Constitution, 1833

Univ. Harry Tapia Yana 706-59849 Semestre II

Lic. Otoniel Plaza 2007
Universidad Mayor de San Andrs Culture and Civilization
Lingstica e Idiomas Founding Fathers
_________________________________________________________________________

A general dissolution of principles and manners will more surely overthrow the liberties of America than the whole force
of the common enemy. While the people are virtuous they cannot be subdued; but when once they lose their virtue then
will be ready to surrender their liberties to the first external or internal invader.

Samuel Adams, letter to James Warren, February 12, 1779

A good government implies two things; first, fidelity to the objects of the government; secondly, knowledge of the means,
by which those objects can be best attained.

Joseph Story, Commentaries on the Constitution, 1833

A lady asked Dr. Franklin Well Doctor what have we got a republic or a monarchy "A republic," replied the Doctor, "if
you can keep it."

Anonymous, from Farads Records of the Federal Convention of 1787

All good men wish the entire abolition of slavery, as soon as it can take place with safety to the public, and for the lasting
good of the present wretched race of slaves. The only possible step that could be taken towards it by the convention was
to fix a period after which they should not be imported.

Oliver Ellsworth, the Landholder, December 10, 1787

An honourable Peace is and always was my first wish! I can take no delight in the effusion of human Blood; but, if this
War should continue, I wish to have the most active part in it.

John Paul Jones, letter to Governor Morris, Sept 2, 1782

An unlimited power to tax involves, necessarily, a power to destroy; because there is a limit beyond which no institution
and no property can bear taxation.

John Marshall, McCullough v. Maryland, 1819

And it is no less true, that personal security and private property rest entirely upon the wisdom, the stability, and the
integrity of the courts of justice.

Joseph Story, Commentaries on the Constitution, 1833

Another not unimportant consideration is that the powers of the general government will be, and indeed must be,
principally employed upon external objects, such as war, peace, negotiations with foreign powers, and foreign commerce.
In its internal operations it can touch but few objects, except to introduce regulations beneficial to the commerce,
intercourse, and other relations, between the states, and to lay taxes for the common good. The powers of the states, on
the other hand, extend to all objects, which, in the ordinary course of affairs, concern the lives, and liberties, and property
of the people, and the internal order, improvement, and prosperity of the state.

Joseph Story, Commentaries on the Constitution, 1833

As our president bears no resemblance to a king so we shall see the Senate has no similitude to nobles. First, not being
hereditary, their collective knowledge, wisdom, and virtue are not precarious. For by these qualities alone are they to
obtain their offices, and they will have none of the peculiar qualities and vices of those men who possess power merely
because their father held it before them.

Tench Coxe, An American Citizen, No.2, September 28, 1787

Before a standing army can rule, the people must be disarmed; as they are in almost every kingdom of Europe. The
supreme power in America cannot enforce unjust laws by the sword; because the whole body of the people are armed,
and constitute a force superior to any band of regular troops that can be, on any pretence, raised in the United States.

Univ. Harry Tapia Yana 706-59849 Semestre II

Lic. Otoniel Plaza 2007
Universidad Mayor de San Andrs Culture and Civilization
Lingstica e Idiomas Founding Fathers
_________________________________________________________________________
Noah Webster, An Examination into the Leading Principles of the Federal Constitution, 1787

Besides, to lay and collect internal taxes in this extensive country must require a great number of congressional
ordinances, immediately operation upon the body of the people; these must continually interfere with the state laws and
thereby produce disorder and general dissatisfaction till the one system of laws or the other, operating upon the same
subjects, shall be abolished.

Federal Farmer, Antifederalist Letter, October 10, 1787

But the safety of the people of America against dangers from foreign force depends not only on their forbearing to give
just causes of war to other nations, but also on their placing and continuing themselves in such a situation as not to invite
hostility or insult; for it need not be observed that there are pretended as well as just causes of war.

John Jay, Federalist No. 4

Don't fire unless fired upon. But if they want a war let it begin here.

Captain John Parker, commander of the militiamen at Lexington, Massachusetts, on siting British Troops (attributed),
April 19, 1775

Dr. Franklin, looking towards the president's chair, at the back of which a rising sun happened to be painted, observed to a
few members near him, that painters had found it difficult to distinguish in their art a rising sun from a setting sun. "I
have," said he, "often and often in the course of this session and the vicissitude of my hopes and fears as to its issue,
looked at that behind the president without being able to tell whether it was rising or setting: But now at length I have the
happiness to know that it is a rising and not a setting sun."

Anonymous anecdote from the Constitutional Convention

Eloquence has been defined to be the art of persuasion. If it included persuasion by convincing, Mr. Madison was the
most eloquent man I ever heard.

Patrick Henry, on James Madison, November 12, 1790

Every child in America should be acquainted with his own country. He should read books that furnish him with ideas that
will be useful to him in life and practice. As soon as he opens his lips, he should rehearse the history of his own country.

Noah Webster, On the Education of Youth in America, 1788

Every person seems to acknowledge his greatness. He blends together the profound politician with the scholar.

William Pierce, on James Madison, 1787

Far from being rivals or enemies, religion and law are twin sisters, friends, and mutual assistants. Indeed, these two
sciences run into each other. The divine law, as discovered by reason and the moral sense, forms an essential part of both.

James Wilson

Univ. Harry Tapia Yana 706-59849 Semestre II

Lic. Otoniel Plaza 2007