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‫إما أن تعمل به‪ ،‬وإما أن‬
‫ترجع إلى مرجع آخر مع‬ ‫)األحوط لزوما ً=‬
‫مراعاة الترتيب في‬ ‫األحوط وجوبا ً(‬
‫األعلمية‬

‫يمكنك مخالفته‪ ،‬لكن‬ ‫)األحوط األولى=‬ ‫االحتياطات في‬


‫األفضل العمل به‬ ‫األحوط استحبابا ً(‬ ‫الرسائل العملية‬

‫يجب العمل به‪ ،‬وال‬


‫يمكن الرجوع فيه إلى‬ ‫فتوى باالحتياط‬
‫مرجع آخر‬

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‫ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻚ‬

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‫ﻟﻮ ﻃﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﻔﺠﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍ‪‬ﻨﺐ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻧﺎﺋﻢ ‪:‬‬
‫إذا كان غافالً وذاھالً‬
‫عن الغسل فعليه‬
‫القضاء‬

‫إذا كان ناويا ً ترك‬


‫االغتسال فصومه‬
‫باطل وعليه القضاء‬ ‫إذا أجنب في شھر‬
‫رمضان ليالً ثم نام‬
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‫االغتسال وواثقا ً من‬
‫إذا استيقظ قبل الفجر‬ ‫استيقاظه قبل الفجر‬
‫ثم نام ثانية فطلع الفجر‬
‫فعليه القضاء بال كفارة‬

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