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THERMODYNAMICS PROCESS
Second Law
Component Exergy input Exergy output efficiency
(MW) (MW) II (%)
HPS 84.97 80.55 94.79
HPT-Generator 35.58 29.76 83.64
LPT-Generator 45.13 34.81 77.12
LPS 40.62 34.94 86.02
Main condenser 8.05 5.57 69
Intercondenser 3.73 0,30 8
After Condenser 2.43 0,33 13
Overall plant 84.97 34.76 40.90
The condensers consist of main condenser, A Grassman diagram that indicates exergy loss and
intercondenser and aftercondenser that work to net power output of the proposed double-flash power
condense the fluid, and all of them create exergy loss. plant is presented in Figure 5. The total exergy input
There are also two ejectors installed at the condensers to the system is 84.97 MW that arrives from the
to remove NCG from the power plant. The total plant reservoir in the form of fluid and produces net power
produces 34.76 MW of exergy desired and this is output of 34.76 MW. The pump loss represents
40.90 % of second law efficiency. The electricity consumed exergy of 1.454 MW at a hot well pump
generated from this double-flash system increased by and two auxiliary pumps. The hot well pump sends
57.98 % compared that from the present single-flash condensate from condenser into a cooling tower, and
power plant generating 22 MW electricity. The the auxiliary pumps send cooling water into
ejectors that extract NCG from condensers are driven condenser, the intercondenser and the aftercondenser.
by steam. First ejector works in the main condenser The purifier loss is not drawn in the Grassman
while the second ejector in the intercondenser. The diagram because of an insignificant value. The
total amount of steam consumed with these two exergy destroyed at the HPS and the LPS are 4.42
ejectors is 5.21 kg/s that are equivalent to 10.66% of MW and 5.69 MW, respectively. Meanwhile, turbines
total amount of steam have 5.80 MW and 10.33 MW, respectively, for the
HPT and the LPT loss.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Figure 5: Grassman diagram for exergy flow of the double-flash geothermal power plant
In condensers, furthermore, that consist of main double-flash system will improve the power plant
condenser, intercondenser and aftercondenser have a capacity as well as efficiency of plant.
total exergy loss of 6.59 MW. The amount of brine
that being send back to the formation still contains NOMENCLATURE
exergy of 16.03 MW. There are opportunities to
utilize this brine for Dieng village in the form such as G gravitational acceleration (m/s2)
district heating of houses and greenhouse for h enthalpy (kJ/kg)
agriculture. If these utilization can be realized the mass flow rate (kg/s)
waste brine loss in terms of exergy can be minimized. s entropy (KJ/Kg-K)
T temperature (K)
CONCLUSION V velocity (m/s)
W work (MW)
Performance evaluation of double-flash system was net power output (MW)
examined using energy and exergy analyses. The exergy (MW)
results from optimization of the Low Pressure kinetic exergy (MW)
Separator (LPS) showed that the optimal pressure is potential exergy (MW)
1.43 bar. The total available exergy from production physical exergy (MW)
wells was calculated to be 84.97 MW generating . chemical exergy (MW)
34.76 MW electricity with two turbines.
Z elevation (m)
t isentropic efficiency
Grassman diagram clearly shows the losses of exergy
second law efficiency
at several components in the system. Pump losses is
1.454 MW from total exergy available from hot well
pump and auxiliary pumps. In separator losses, the
AKNOWLEDGEMENT
high pressure separator (HPS) has 4.42 MW and the
The authors would like to thank to the PT. Geodipa
LPS 5.68 MW In generating electricity unit loss,
Energy for their support in research activities on
turbines, have 5.80 MW and 10.39 MW for the high
Dieng power plant. The authors would also like to
pressure turbine (HPT) and the low pressure turbine
thank to GCOE program, Kyushu University to their
(LPT), respectively. This corresponds to 6.83 % and
financial support.
12.2 % of available exergy.
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