osQ'konkl

(lu~ 1555&1617)

osQ'konkl dk tUe csrok unh osQ rV ij fLFkr vksM+Nk uxj esa gqvk
,slk ekuk tkrk gSA vksM+Nkifr egkjkt banzthr lg muosQ izkku
vkJ;nkrk Fks ftUgksaus 21 xko mUgsa HksaV esa fn, FksA mUgsa ohjlg nso
dk vkJ; Hkh izkIr FkkA os lkfgR; vkSj laxhr] keZ'kkL=k vkSj jktuhfr] T;ksfr"k vkSj oS|d lHkh
fo"k;ksa osQ xaHkhj v;srk FksA osQ'konkl dh jpuk esa muosQ rhu :i vkpk;Z] egkdfo vkSj
bfrgkldkj fn[kkbZ iM+rs gSaA
vkpk;Z dk vklu xzg.k djus ij osQ'konkl dks laLr dh 'kkL=kh; ifr dks gnh esa
izpfyr djus dh prk gqbZ tks thou osQ var rd cuh jghA osQ'konkl us gh gnh esa laLr dh
ijaijk dh O;oLFkkiwoZd LFkkiuk dh FkhA muosQ igys Hkh jhfrxzaFk fy[ks x, ij O;ofLFkr vkSj
lokxiw.kZ xzaFklcls igys mUgksaus izLrqr fd,A mudh e`R;q lu~ 1617 bZ- esa gqbZA
mudh izeq[k izkekf.kd jpuk, gSajfld fiz;k] dfo fiz;k] jkepanzpafdk] ohjlg nso
pfjr] foKku xhrk] tgkxhj tlpafdk vkfnA jruckouh dk jpukdky vKkr gS oQrq mls
mudh loZizFke jpuk ekuk tkrk gSA

osQ'ko dh dkO;Hkk"kk czt gSA cqansy fuoklh gksus osQ dkj.k mudh jpuk esa cqansyh osQ 'kCnksa
dk iz;ksx Hkh feyrk gS] laLr dk izHkko rks gS ghA bl iqLrd esa mudh izfl jpuk
jkepapafdk dk ,d va'k fn;k x;k gS ftlesa osQ'konkl us ek ljLorh dh mnkjrk vkSj
oSHko dk xq.kxku fd;k gSA ek ljLorh dh efgek dk ,slk o.kZu f"k] eqfu;ksa vkSj nsorkvksa
osQ }kjk Hkh laHko ugha gSA nwljs Nan loS;k esa dfo us iapoVh osQ ekgkRE; dk laqnj o.kZu
fd;k gSA
vafre Nan esa vaxn }kjk fd;k x;k Jhjkepanz th osQ xq.kksa dk o.kZu gSA og jko.k dks
le>krs gq, dg jgk gS fd jke dk okuj guqeku leqnz dks yk?kdj yadk esa vk x;k vkSj
rqels oqQN djrs ugha cukA blh izdkj rqels y{e.k }kjk [khaph xbZ kuqjs[kk Hkh ikj ugha
dh xbZ FkhA rqe Jhjke osQ izrki dks igpkuksA

osQ'konkl\61
 jkepapafdk

ljLorh oanuk
ckuh txjkuh dh mnkjrk c[kkuh tkb ,slh efr mfnr mnkj dkSu dh HkbZA
nsork izfl fl fjf"kjkt ric`an dfg dfg gkjs lc dfg u dkgw ybZA
Hkkoh Hkwr crZeku txr c[kkur gS ^osQlksnkl* D;ksa gw uk c[kkuh dkgw iS xbZA
ifr cuS Z pkjeq[k iwr cuS Z ikpeq[k ukrh cuS Z "kVeq[k rnfi ubZ ubZAA

iapoVh&ou&o.kZu
lc tkfr iQVh nq[k dh nqiVh diVh u jgS tg ,d ?kVhA
fu?kVh #fp ehpq ?kVh gw ?kVh txtho trhu dh NwVh rVhA
v?kvks?k dh csjh dVh fcdVh fudVh izdVh xq#Kku&xVhA
pgq vksjfu ukpfr eqfDruVh xqu kwjtVh ou iapcVhAA

vaxn
flakq rj~;ks mudks cujk rqe iS kuqjs[k xbZ u rjhA
ckkksbZ ckkr lks u cU;ks mu ckfjfk ckfkoSQ ckV djhA
Jhj?kqukFk&izrki dh ckr rqEgSa nloaQB u tkfu ijhA
rsyfu rwyfu iwfN tjh u tjh] tjh yad tjkb&tjhAA

iz'u&vH;kl
1- nsoh ljLorh dh mnkjrk dk xq.kxku D;ksa ugha fd;k tk ldrk\
2- pkjeq[k] ikpeq[k vkSj "kVeq[k fdUgsa dgk x;k gS vkSj mudk nsoh ljLorh ls D;k lacak gS\
3- dfork esa iapoVh osQ fdu xq.kksa dk mYys[k fd;k x;k gS\

62/varjk
4- rhljs Nan esa laosQfrr dFkk, vius 'kCnksa esa fyf[k,\
5- fuEufyf[kr iafDr;ksa dk dkO;&lkSan;Z Li"V dhft,A
(d) ifr cuSZ pkjeq[k iwr cuSZ iap eq[k ukrh cuSZ "kVeq[k rnfi ubZ&ubZA
([k) pgq vksjfu ukpfr eqfDruVh xqu kwjtVh ou iapoVhA
(x) lkq rj~;ks mudks cujk rqe iS kuqjs[k xbZ u rjhA
(?k) rsyu rwyfu iwfN tjh u tjh] tjh yad tjkbZ&tjhA
7- fuEufyf[kr dk vk'k; Li"V dhft,&
(d) Hkkoh Hkwr orZeku txr c[kkur gS osQlksnkl] D;ksa gw uk c[kkuh dkgw iS xbZA
([k) v?kvks?k dh csjh dVh fcdVh fudVh izdVh xq#Kku&xVhA
;ksX;rk&foLrkj
1- osQ'konkl dh ^jkepapafdk* ls ;ed vyadkj osQ oqQN vU; mnkgj.kksa dk ladyu dhft,A
2- ikB esa vk, Nanksa dk xk;u dj d{kk esa lqukb,A
3- osQ'konkl ^dfBu dkO; osQ izsr gSa* bl fo"k; ij okn&fookn dhft,A
'kCnkFkZ vkSj fVIi.kh
ckuh & ok.kh] ljLorh
efr & cqf
fjf"kjkt & Js"B f"k
pkjeq[k & pkj eq[k okys czk
ikp eq[k & ikp eq[kokys] f'ko
"kVeq[k & Ng eq[k okys "kMkuu] dkfrZosQ;
ehpq & e`R;q
rVh & lekf/
v?kvks?k & ikiksa dk lewg
eqfDruVh & eqfDr :ih uVh
kwjtVh & f'ko
okfjfk & leqnz
nloaQB & jko.k

osQ'konkl\63