Final Revision

Summary:
Example question: Write a summary describing how the gorillas behaviour has changed
since her eye operation.

Sample summary:
The gorillas behaviour has changed a lot since her eye operation. First, she amazed the zoo
keepers and the other gorillas at the zoo as well. Not only is she now able to reach her food
all by herself, but she can also chase the gorillas who try to steal away her food. Apart from
that, she now tries to do the things which she wasnt able to do before and this shows how
happy and satisfied she is after regaining her sight. In addition, she's interested in exploring
the gorilla island without feeling her way. Also, she likes to interact with other gorillas and
shows more interest in her mate. It seems things have changed since now for Romina. [120
words]

Exercise 6: Informal Letter:

Opening Remarks
1.Apologising when there is a real reason why the writer has not written
e.g. I'm sorry I haven't written for ages/so long/ a long time, but I've been busy studying
and haven't had the time.
For+ ages/so long/ a long time/ two days/weeks
Since+ (specific time) last week/summer/ your birthday/we last met/the party, etc.
2. Apologising when there is no real excuse for not writing
e.g. I've been meaning to write for ages, but I'm afraid I just haven't got round to it/I'm
afraid I just haven't had the time.
3. Not using an apology
-It was lovely/great to get your letter/hear from you yesterday.
-How are you? I hope you're feeling better now. I thought you might like to know how .went.
-I know you were looking forward to being at Aunt Jill's birthday. I hope you are feeling
better. I thought I'd drop you a line to let you know about what you missed.
-I don't know where to start. This year's sports day was the best one in the school's
history. I'm really sorry you missed it. Well, guess I just have to blame it on your little
sister. Why did she have to choose this day to be sick?
-It's a shame you missed sports day last week, but I hope you're feeling better.
-What a pity you couldn't come to the party but I'm glad you enjoyed your trip to
-I'm dying to tell you about..
-I can't wait to tell you..
-Wait until you hear..
-You won't believe..
-You will never believe..
-You'll never guess..
How to write a transition sentence?
- I thought you might like to know something about
- I thought I would drop you a line to let you know something about my family.
-Just a short note to let you know
- Just a quickie to let you know
Closing Remarks & signature
- (I'm) looking forward to seeing you soon.
-Looking forward to hearing from you on Friday.
- I must dash now as I...............
-write back soon and tell me your latest news.
-Always in my thoughts,
-As always, with affection,
-Be well,
-Cheers,
-Chill,
-God Bless,
-Peace, Love & Happiness,
-Rock on,
-Season's blessings,
-Take care,
With love,
Love from,
With best wishes,
Yours,
+your first name only

Exercises 6 & 7:
Tips for better compositions
1. You MUST use different complex sentences along with compound and simple
Examples:
a. Although I was sick, I went to the club. (Strong)
b. Despite/In spite of my sickness, I went to the club.
Despite/ In spite of being sick, I went to the club. (Stronger)
c. However sick I was, I went to the club. (strongest)
d. Not only are mobile phones beneficial, but they also save time.
e. Having won the competition, I was given a reward.
d. The man, who lives next door, is an engineer.
e. Cairo, where I was born, is the capital of Egypt.
f. The place ,where polar bears thrive best, is their natural habitat.
g. Six children, each wearing a mask of their own design, took part in the dance.
h. Using 'It is high time + past simple' (Semi formal and formal writing only)
It is high time the government gave attention to the conditions of the poor.
i. Question Tag (Informal or semi-formal writing only)
Example: We care for the rights of animals, don't we?
j. If conditional
Examples:
1. If these measures are taken into account, we will be streets ahead other countries.
(1st conditional referring to future result)
2. If I were in your position (shoes), I would stop building the factory.

k. Passive voice is essential in semi formal & formal writing

Example: Mobile phones should be banned in schools.
N.B. We can use a clause beginning with what, The person who, The place where. to
give extra emphasis
Example: The person, who lives next door, is an engineer
The place where I was born in is full with breathtaking views of lofty mountains.

l. Use synonyms of:

Choose= opt
Sad=desolate-down in dumps=miserable=depressed=dejected=sulking
Bad=awful-gruesome-devastated-ruined- selfish-wicked
Happy= thrilled- ecstatic- elated/over the moon- on cloud nine
Very=exceedingly-absolutely- completely- literally- quite- totally- utterly
Important=vital-crucial- essential
Satisfied= contended-pleased
Uncaring=indifferent-nonchalant

m. Use the 'adverb + adjective+ noun' technique

A wonderfully great view
An exceedingly trivial issue
An amusingly funny film
A terribly hard situation
n. Movement Words
White clouds drifted across the sky.
The flag fluttered in the wind.
The leaves stirred in the light breeze.
The trees swayed back and forth as the gale grew fiercer.
The car swerved to avoid a dog which had run into the road.