PP, PT MlNY

&!r)

Munition der 8o8 cm Flak 41

mit der 8'8 cm
der Beschreibung der Wae_erwhnt haben, sollte
Wie wir bereits bei
liffi ;'"li6-;;n"ri"n gesteige werden' Dies er-
Flak 41 die Leistun *, bisherig,en
einer."u"wttj, sondern auch durch eine
reichte man nicht ;;,h;-"h",ung Pi"i.go hnelten, wurde die Treib-
neue Munition. wai-"o ii" "."ffi;iilln J9,
ladung nahezu
i"" o"j
ine Patronenhlse,
9roBere
""top"tt.
FrdieWaekamenfolge.ndeMunitionsartenzurVerwendung:
Flak 41
l. 8,8 cm Sprenggranatpatrone
41 -
- 8,8 cm Sprgr.Patr, Flak
Zum BeschluJ von Lutt- und
Erdzielen
Verwendung: as Sprenggranate Flak 41
GeschoB:
- ,8"rcm Sprgr. Flak 41 -
9,4 kg
GeschoBgewicht: 1000 m/s
Voi GeschoJanstrich oelb. Geschtzrt "8,8 cm
e.onO"r" Kennzeichen: '.-nrtig"n Beschrittung auf
Flak41'| ber der
dem Hlsenmantel,

A. Teile der Patrone Messing)

d. 8,B cm Flak 41 (Werkslof
'oJ.ip.trn.(S0
Patrh.
1. Patronenhlse: d. 8,8 cm Flak 41
(Werkstoff Stahl)
ffil;:t li-iv"rxstof f M essing.) od e
2. Zndschraube: ;;;'h;. tiz t 1werxstof t stahl) _
illrpii"orng: etw ssob kg Gu,R,p,_KN-
3. Trelbladung: 04o.4,211,5)
g;'*ff; , g Nz. Man, N, P, (1,5,1,5)
8.8 cm Sprgr. Flak 41
4. GeschoBkrper:. ru n g)
eescno'n at Eisenf h (eiwa 1000 }<g)
pllno, eingegossen
5. Sprengladun9: itz.sts0 ode.r
6. Znder:
Zl.Z. S/30! oder
ZI.Z.S/30 Fgl oder
.'.zstz8 (ur gegen Erdziele)
or. Zctlg. C/98 Np oder
7. Zndladun9: r. zdl. c/98 H oder
r. zdr. C/98 o.V, oder ,

r. zor. c/98 F oder

r. Zdlg. C/98 FH

Wlen-Rewe 17
756i
Waten-Lexikon 2630-100_5
 B. Kurze Beschreibung \

1. Palronenhlse
De Patronenhlse
gehalten. ll kann aus Stahl
^.{^-
ll-- .

i#jfrfi gp;,,ff $$ff$***lm!ii,1.,{*

krnerschlge auf
dem
hand des Hlsenbodel
nenhlsewederher;;;iJil;rden --'---*flS tassen erkennen,
2. Zndschraube
ist. wie oft eine patro_

Die ZndsChrarrhe
.:l''::9
j;u*,{fr }.,ao}^Le

schraube), d
den den Abs
.
struktion der
stoes. ,l;.,:*i-,llt,it,l;,:ip,,ttfii#;ffi*
Die Zndschrarlho iel !- l-
eo''iiJi;';J:"l'Jj3 -
*?:.iil:T;:o"oen eingeschraubt und
muB mit ihm in einer
Die Wirkungswelse
der Ziindsc}
ist olgende;
Beim Abscn"u,."" ;-"::::cnraube
3l,jll,,"l"itl''l'''":!ix?'i;":ij#i,:i:j,,[ffi$ffiii",^"**,i:it'3"J
schtzes, dem
oer Zri;ri: ;;"1. 9e9enber dem
p.,, JJ, i :. v .]i; 3T.? .Lo,lagr.",,:.ji!'lrunooirj, ;:T' xo"j.,,,.,,,
---|'}llvlI uclrl Z,Ufidschraubenkr_
9_'l 9|"noraht der zndpitle _,r.:::.::":1:i:] .
",
..,,:;,'
iil1,$',,'.il".|.,,;i"ff ,:l,..#mf'J f.!"ff i:i,T,!::i:i,il}::
vv' t-lctldoUo
j
3. Trelbladung und damit der
Die Treibladung
besteht aus der H

***;i**ru***{l,,"ruffi*n+,*,,,,l;u*
oas n Hhrenbn-
;fiffi 'J;'JiJT,i3,siJJf
l;1,:.u::',l';:,T"xixl1;;[.,,,.#,;".:i:
!fl 1lfi
ffi iJ: :Ji 'il:
ffi
st s
:s"
j

i'" g.
da
3'"'.?, r- oun g *,. n, de r H a u p t_
" "

3,T#:3[KTffi ,if.:i:iff
..,:lRiil[3ill,,il5;TTffi
liil"#x:J:iJt
7566 Waen-Revue 47
Waen-Lexikon 2ffi&1o0-5
 (
nach oben spitzbogenrmig verjngt. Die Tellerlche ist mit einer Rndelung verse-
hen, durch die der Znder estgehalten wird.
Die Gescho6fhrung besteht aus zwei FES-Fhrungsringen, die in Nuien mit schwal-
l benschwanzfrmig em Querschnitt bef esti9t'sind.
j
ln den Geschofizapfen sind unterhalb der GeschoBhrungzwei Wrgerillen eingear-
beitet. Unter den Wrgerillen ist der GeschoBzapen leicht konisch gehalten.
Die obere fnung des GeschoBkrpers, das Mundloch, ist mit einem Gewinde
(M 50 x 3) (Mundlochgewinde) versehen. ln ihm sitzt die Mundlochbuchse Nr. 16 oder
die Mundlochbuchse 13 M mit AbschluBplatte M 50 x 3.
5. Sprengtadung
Die Sprengtadung, bestehend aus Fp.60/40, ist in flssigem Zustande in die GeschoD-
hhlung eingebracht und hierin erstarrt.:*
6. Znder
Der znder ist in das Mundlochgewinde eingeschraubt und wird durch die Rndetung
estgehalten,
DieZ1.7. S/30, S/30' und S/30 Fgl sind nicht sprengkrftige Zeitznder. Sie sind trars-
port-, lade- und rohrsicher. -.

Aul'Jerdem haben diese Znder eine Zeitsicherun9, die bewirkt, daB die Znder bei
einer Einsteltung von 10o vom Kreuz noch sicher und erst bei einer Einstellung von ber
10o bis 15o vom kreuz entsichert sind. sie sind vor dem verfeuern der Geschosse stets
a,.:l :1.', - - Kreuz vorzustellen.
Die zr;;er sind mit der znderstellmaschine oder dem stellschlssel zu stellen.
DieZ|,Z.S/30 und S/30'haben ein Uhrwerk mit Federantrieb, der ZI.Z.S/3a Fg'hat
ein Uhrwerk mit Fliehgewichtsantrieb.
Der Auschlagznder 23/28 ist ein empindlicher Fertig-Auschlagznder mit einstellba-
rer Verzgerng. Lnge der Verzgerung 0,1 s, Der Znder ist transport-, lade- und
rohrsichei und gehrt zu den nicht sprengkrftigen Zndern. Er wirkt bei Einstellung
,,o.V." (ohne Verzgerung) im Augenblick des Autrefens. Bei Einstellun9 ,,o. V." (mit
erzogerung) wirkt r ers nach Abbrennen eines Pulverkorns (0,1 s nach dem Autref-
fen).
7. Zndladung
Die Zndladung, von einer Hlse aus Messing oder,.Leichtmetall umgeben, besteht aus
der Sprengkapsel und dem Zndladungskrper (tJbertragngsladung). D_er Zndla-
dungsXOrpr besteht bei der gr.Zdlg.C/98Np aus Np10, bei der gr.Zdlg. C/98 !.."u:
H 5 und bei der gr.Zdlg. C/9 o. V. aus Grf. 88. Bei der gr.Zdlg. C/98 F ist der Znd-
ladungskrper aus Np 10 und beider gr.Zdlg. C/98 FH aus H 5 hergestellt.
Die gr.Zdlg. C 98 F und die gr.Zdlg. C/98 FH haben am oberen Ende an Stelle des bei
den-gr.Zdg. cl98 Np, H uno. V. vorhandenen Leder- oder Papprlnges eine FederkaP:
set, ie oi zunat"dung in der Lngsrichtung estlegt. Der Lngenausgle]ch wird bel
den gr.Zdlg. C/98 Np, H und o. V. durch Unterlegen von Pappscheiben erreicht.
Die Zndladung lst - mit der Sprengkapsel nach oben - in die Mundlochbuchse einge-
setzt und seitlich durch Papierstreifen estgelegt.
Der aufgeschraubte Znder hlt die Zndtadung ln ihrer Lage est.

Waen-Lexikon 2630-100-5 Waen-Revue 47 7567

 )
tl, 8,8 cm sprenggranatpatrone
Flak a1 (Blind)
- 8,8 cm Spgrg.Patr. Flak 41 (Bl.) -
Verwendung:
zum Anschie'Ben, fr Abnahmezwecke
Gescho': Vo-Beschu0. und zum
8,8 cm Sprenggranate
Geschongewicht:
---.ty....
.'
:9,49,9 Sprg. rtax
Flak 41 (Blind)
+r ra.l -'
Voi kg t 10 g
Besondere Kennzeichen:
i!'.:fr'nstrich g9lb. Audem zylindrischen
des Geschos.s91 Tel
Gescho8gewicht -el.' in *.]Ber Farbe unO OaJ
..n*arr rarOe. Geschtz-
art ,,8,8 cm FlaJ< 4,. tio"i]",
schriftung auf d.em rruremJntet.sonstigen Be_
patronen fr
Vo-BeschuB und Puiu"i"nrne
dem Hlsenmantet (10;;'uber au6erdem auf
dem Boden-
p,i'. :B;-
::l',|.y,x..eTJ: #:l."".#o"n,,
Kurze Beschreibung l-,
F*r
Zndschr"uo.", Treibtadung
S;:!T""Jl]ll und GeschoJkrper wie bei
der 8,8 cm
5. Fltung
Die Fi' restelt..?Y'einer Mischu.ng
von Braunkoh]enleerpech
und Schwerspat. Sie
;'jJ:"1";.-;""l,::l!;isiitx*h*r';ll;:Jii:iisprengad"";i;;;:
6. Znderersatzstck
Das rsatzstck Y'Jtr4,S/30
besteht aus Leichtmetall. tn
Form und Gewicht
:*i
;i :ffi :,,: : I.: : , :
"',.
r:n ff : , o - g e chmB g
il
l

".,t
i -
i i i l
ent_
j,.
;i

lll. 8,8 cm Panzergranatpatrone

39-1 /Flak 41
- 8,8 cm Pzgr.Patr. 39-1/Flak 41
venivenduno:
-
Geschot: zum BeschuJ von panzerzieln
GeschoJgewlcht: . 39-1 - ,s Pzgr. 39_1 _
?;1r'n'"nzergranate "*
Besondere kennzeichen: 980 m/s
GeschoBanstrich,^schwarz. Haubenspitze
40 au
.Lnge weiB. gestricnen.';;, unterhatb
mm
des weiJen Anstrich O"r HaLepitze eine
Farbe. e"sctiii;;cm Flak ,,1'.
:l:_.,j_., sonstigen 41''
:l_"l_der Bescnrinunl'au dem Hl.
senmantel.

7568 Waen-Revue 47
Wafen-Lexikon 2ffi0-1O0-5
 (

Kurze Beschreibung
Flak 41"
Patronenhlse und Zndschraube wie bei der 8,8 cm Sprgr.Patr,

3.Trelbladung
Der Aubau der Treibtadung ist bis.auf die Putverart
der gleiche wie bei der 8.8 cm
Sprgr.Patr. Flak 41.

4. GescroBkrper
Der GeschoBkrper besteht aus der Hlle mit Boden und Fhrungsringen,
der Kappe
und der Haube.
in eine bogen-
Die Hlle,,aus FluBstahl gefertigt, hat zylindrische Form, die nach oben
gehrtet Td
ioimige pitze orgent.-oieH-titie ist acn einem besonderen Verahren
Die Hte nimmt von der Spitze na9h dem Geschojende zu ab. Die Ge-
ist bei
schoBfhrung besteht aus zwei FES-F'hrungsringen. AuJer der Zentrierwulst
"ng"".."n.
die
diesem GeschoB oberhalb der Fhrung eine zweite Wulst vorhanden, Fhrungs-
eingearbei,
wulst. Unterhalb oi tlr,rung sind in djn GeschoBzapen zwei Wrgerillen
tet. lm unteren Ende der GeschoJhllebeindet sich das Bodenloch mit Gewinde
(M 30 x 1.5) zur Aunahme des Bodens,
Teil eine Ausboh-" il
Der Boden verschlieBt die GeschoJhhlung. Er hat in seinem oberen
des Znders,und darber mit Ge'
rung, die unten mii Gewinde (M 13 x 1) zur-Aunahme
*in'e (Ml5x1) iur Aufnahme der Sprengkapsel 34 versehen ist. ln seinern unteren
Teil hai der Boden eine Ausbohrung ,it uinrgewinde
(M 1 5 x 1) f r die LichtsPurhlse,
mit durchgehen-
BeiGeschoBbden lterer Fertigung ist die Ausbohrung im oberen Teil
dem Gewinde (isir) zur Rn"i*"des Znders und der Sprengkapsel 32 verse_
hen.
gteichzeitig zur Erhhung der
zum schutz der gehrteten spitze der GeschoBhlle und
bei schrgem Autreenist auf dei GescnoBhlle die aus FluB-
_ Durchschlagsleis-tng
staht hergeslellte Kape festgeltet,
mit einer Haube ausgestattet, Die
Zur Verminderun9 des Luftwiderstandes is die Pzgr.
Hauoe ist aus Statgefertigt und mit der Kappe ve,rschwei6t,
5.Sprengladung (H 10) - her-
Die Sprengladung ist aus Hexogen - mit 10o Montanwachs Phlegmatisiert
Teil der Spreng-
gesteltt. Sie ist i oie Geschonontung eingepreBt. Die im unteren
du" befindlice Bohrung dient zur Aufnahme der Sprengkapsel,
6. Znder verzge_
Der Bodenznder 5127 ist ein Fertigaufschlagznder mit unvernderlicher
rung. Er ist transport-, lade_ und rohrsicei ud
gehort zu den nicht sprengkrtigen
Zndern.
panzerplatte von 35 mm strke und einer
Der znder wird beim Durchschlagen einer von 90o sPricht der
Festigkeit von etw irsxglrmr shar. Bei einem Autreffwinkel werte beziehen
znder bei panzerplatten geringerer strke nicht an. Die angegebenen
sich au eine Kampentfernung von 1000 m,
7. Sprengkapsel A_ ____l___^^l enthlt
^_...Nll im unteren Teil den
-iJrtragungssatzim
.

Die aus Aujen- und lnnenkapsel gebildete sprengkapset (zwel aus H und
lnitial_Friktions-Satz (Zndsatzl und druuer'oen
H 5 hergestellte Krper).

WaterRevue 47 1569
Waen-Lexikon 2630-100-5
,"',\.
\-J,
 unterscheidet sich
3ilJ:[ffi:|11 -'' sp
lesser grBer geatten von der -YlgkaPsel
8. Llchtspur
ist. 32 nur dadurch,
da' der
Die Lichtspurhlse N 1 traar^r^r _
ten teucir;i;;: }; $:l"" d"T in eine Automatenstahl eingepre'-
Plttchen geschtzt, o" ilj;"J'"',Tili.Pri"lf#,l'J:,,:n;m!["l.ffi:1.'.iiili3:
"u.-:.1u,
Die Brenndauer betrgt.etwa
2 s, entspricrrt atso
einem Gescho'weg
von etwa 1800 m.
lv, 8,8 cm Panzergranatpatrone
- 8,8 crn Pzgr.Patr. 39/Flak
39 lFlak 41
verwendunq:
41 -
GeschoB: zum BeschuB von panzerzielen
GoeschoBgewtcht: 8,8 cm Panzerol
9' l49| 96fit9 39
t o,e rg' - 8,8 cm Pzgr. 39 _
Besondere kennzeichen: 980 m/s
Pzsr.patr. 39-1zFlak
ffirTi.,;,.o11
auschablonierte 41, je_
. Farbe. ,,1'. i; *;irj;;
Kurze Beschreibung
o'!,Fii-i'l't{;* : -:
_:: i:.i,:;

H, n"i-'j-'flak 41. o.,lliegt

Pzgr.3g-l/erakqr-ql"a,ur",J,li!inJ;33;i15,1*., zwjschen
ledliiio.,,:';"# der 8,8 cm
!^"lerschied
li; 3:3l,
V, 8,B cn Panzergranatpatro
ne 4o/Flak 41
- 8,8 cm Pzgr.Patr. 40/Flak
41 -
venrrenduno:
ceschoni-'-' 'ilr
BeschuB von Panzerzielen
GeschoJgewichl:
i;ffJr_anzergran.t" ;:'8:' ., pzgr. 40 _
Besondere Kennzelchen:
iiflra:nstrich
n i"l i
schwarz. )
sche
c n ol,?. 1 lL .9 : T,,' Ij ;il 3 :;
;ilffi
".,. ".*t.'
ii.lJj "
-o
o1
r"iT
i

""
H::il?,ll,
_"
! """="i,
H lse n m a ja ;3, 5lx
t

Kurze Beschreibung "

Patronenhtse und
Zndschraube wie
3. Tretbtadung bei der 8,8 cm Sprgr.Patr.
Flak 41.

: "{l!tl trJ#:f]il: i ig_.i., " 9, 911 G ewic h t c

at??,-",Til1i::.nv;.**#'er:j'*J."i': j:ffi:lt".*rj.
..ru
7570 Wafen_Bevue 47
aen-Lexikon 2630-100-5
 (
4. GeschoBkrper
Der Geschogkrper besteht aus der Hlle mit Fhrungsringen, dem Kern, dem Verbin-
dungsstck, dei RbschluBhaube, der Kunstharz-PreBsto-Umhllung'undder Ge-
schBhaune.
Die Htle, aus Stahl geertigt, hat eine Hhlung zur Aunahme des Kerns. Der Boden der
,Hlle
ist mit einer anrun mit Gewinde (M 26x1,5) zur Aunahme der L'spurh. verse-
hen. Am oberen Teil der H-lte beindt sich ein Gewinde rdas Verbindungsstck. Die
GeschoJhrungbesteht aus zwei FES-Fhrungsringen. Oberhalb der Fhrung ist an
der Hlle eine Wulst vorhanden, die Fhrungswulst. Unterhalb der Fhrung sind in den
Gescho0zapfen zwei Wrgerillen ein9earbeitet-
Der Kern, aus Sonderstahl hergestellt, ist in die Hhlung der Hlle eingePreJt.
Das aus Stahl gefertigte Verbindungsstck ist au die Hlle aufgeschraubt. Zur Befesti-
versehen. Eine Verstrkung des Ver-
ung der Gescotha-ube ist es mit inem Gewnde
bindungsstckes bildet die Zentrierwulst.
Die AbschluBhaube ist mit dem Verbindungsstck durch SchweiJung oder Ltung est
verbunden. Der Hohlraum zwischen kern und AbschluBhaube ist durch eingespritzte
Kunstharz_pre6stoff_Masse ausgellt.Durch die AbschluBhaube und die PreBstofum-
hllung wird der Kern in der Hlle festgehalten.
Zur Verminderung des Luftwiderstandes ist der GeschoBkrPer mit der GeschoBhaube
versehen. Die auStahl geertigte GeschoBhaube ist mit dem angeschweiBten Gewin-
dering auf das Verbindungsstck aufgeschraubt.
5. Llchtspur
Die in die Bohrung des Bodens der Gescho]hlle eingeschraubte LichtsPurhlse Nr.4
besteht aus dem i eine Htse aus Automatenstahl eingepreBten Leuchtsatz und Aneu-
erungssatz. Der Anfeuerungssatz ist durch ein AbschluBPlttchen geschtzt. Das Zn-
den er L,spur erfolgt ourn die Treibladung. Die Brenndauer betrgt etwa 6 s, ent-
spricht also einem Gescho6weg von etwa 4900 m,

Vl. Melkartusche der 8,8 cm Flak 41

- MeB-Kart. d. 8,8 cm Flak 41 -
Verwendung:
Besondere kennzeichen:
Zum Feststellen der Pulvertemperatur.'
patronenhlse durch Deckel fr MeJkartusche
verschlossen. Geschtzart ,,8,8 cm Flak 41"
ber der sonstigen Bschritung auf dem Hl-
senmantel.

Kure Beschreibung
1. Patronenhlse
Wie bel der 8,8 cm Sprgr.Patr. Flak 41.
2. Zndschraube
Es werden nur abgeknallte Zndschrauben verwendet,
3. Trelbladung
Wie bei der 8,8 cm Sprgr.patr. Ftak 41, |edoch ohne die lose um das Pulverbndel lie-
genden Pulverrhren.

Waten-Revue 47 7571
Waen_Lexikon 2630-100_5
 4. Deckel
Der Deckel fr MeB-Kart, d, 8,8
cm Flak, aus Messing oder Stahl
nem Umfang zwl gleicnmabig
;;;i" s;i;;"e ozwisc;;;i""den
Deckelrandes halteinrotg ihrli"o..riii"rg
hergesteltt, hat an sei_
!n'.. Teile des
des Deckels befindet sic:rr J"r-'rir"rmgehue-rit der Mitte
xr"rr."niire
Klemmschraube ist zur Aui';";es plvertn"i"ii,"te.rs. "'j"i'il'utse.,tn
uno Rohr. Die
,#T+i.j;;l;:#g,31.1;:T'#:lrracn"6".i."lg"ausesoa.
durchoor]. lhr geschtitzter
H*i#.;f

vll, Aushilfskartusche der 8,8

cm Flak 41
-Aush.Kart. d.8,8 cm Flak 41
-
Venvendung:
Zum Herausschie8en eines
im Flohr steckenge-
Besondere kennzelchen: bliebenen Geschosses.
verkrzte patronenhlse; auf
dem Hlsenboden
eingeschlagenes,,Aush-.:. "Jntitzart,,8,8
Flak 4.. ber der sonstigen cm
dem Hlsenmantet. schritung auf
Kurze Beschreibung
1. Kartuschhlse
Die Au:""'*ka-l:tschhlse ist
die um etwa die Lnge des Gescho6zapfens
"m rr ai"zri eutnanme o".-iu-.n.ito. verkrzte
!il;!*;;u".. i'ii ooer"r Teil zylin_
2. Zndschraube und 3.
Tretbtadung
Wie bei der 8,8 cm Sprgr-Pii.'[i
ar.
4. Deckel
Der Aush' Kartd,
_{, !,a.cm
Flak, aus Hartpappe hergestellt,
Lngsrichtung est. Er ist in i"'artuschtiise eingp.re.Bt hlt die Treibladung in der
,"J;;iunstschellack
i:_:;i[ts"J*:lffi ff5ff :':i.t.T,;';i#J:neno"il,j;d;i;
fest_

=iffdem Kartushdeckel befindet sich

ein wei0er lnhaltszettel mit schwarzem Aufdruck.
.Auf

Vtil, Exerzierpatrone der

8,8 cm Flak 41
- Ex. Patr. d. 8,8 cm Flak 41
-
Die Exerzir'atrone dient
zum sogenannten ,,trockenen
sPricht in ihrer Abmessun;;;ji Uben.. an der Wafe. Sie
Gewicht diri....rt"n ent_
nerlei Pulver oder Spreng.Lif"lin" Munition, nthlt jedoch kei_
g"n.ue Beschreibung ist reir
ni"nt vorhanden.

7572 Waen-Hevue47
Waen-Lexikon 2630-1O0-5 |.::

}
 l:
t
l
;
l

Ballistische Daten :'

Daten interessant
die Ballistiker unter unseren Lesern werden sicner noch einige
Fr
sein.
vom 29, 9, 1942 Jr die 8,8 cm
Flak 41 mit der Pzgr,39 ergeben
von 10,2 k9
980 m/s ;;'J;^;, GeschoBgewicht
Nah der rschuBtael
von
sich bei Anangsgeschwindigkeit
olgende Daten:
Mittlere Streuung ndge-
Enternun9 Flugzeit Flugbahn- schwin
oioel
nu, * Lnge, m Breite, m Hhe, m digkeit
m Sek..
0,1 0 970
0 71
100 0,10 0,3 a,2 931
0 71
500 0,51 0,5 0,4 883
71
1 000 1,06 1
0,8 0,7 tigg
3 71
1 500 1,64 , 1,0 1,0 790 I

6 71 704
2 000 2,26 1,6 1,7
16 71
3 000 3,60 2,2 2,7 623
33 71
4 000 5,13 2.8 4,0 548
58 71 tn
5 000 6,86 3,4 5,8 481
96 71
6 000 8,80 4,1 8,4 418
150 71
7 000 11 ,04 4.9 12 366
230 71
8 000 13,63 5,9 16 327
340 71
9 000 16,54 6,9 2? 300
510 71
10000 19,82 8,2 28 ?84
730 71
11 000 23,49 9,6 36 275
1 000 71
12 000 27,47 11 44 271
1 350 71
13000 31,66 13 54 27o
760 73 271
14 000 36.06 1
.15 67
?25a 75 275
15000 40,84 17 86
2860 80 283
16000 46,12 20 11?
3640 87 293
17 000 52,05 23 150
4690 97 305
18 000 58.68 ?7 216
114
19000 67,50 6030
7640
, 15? 32 313 314
19 500 76.95

Waen-Roue47
Waen-Lexlkon 2630_100-5

w,
__q,
 Kennzalr| fr prengsttrrrt')
Ort. fgg, .[torrat. Jalrr ttcs Auschraubeirc
tl t:s Ztlnd
ers, K erti r bu clrs tailc TJr'i.
atttwortticberr l) V"..
Kerrnzahl ft-tr Srlrgtlgtrtoffart.
.Iahr rles Fttlells'i) Ort, lonat.
Ort.'Iag. ]\ onrrt. jrr Irr rles tr
l lentler G ranati.
trettnbuchstabe tlee dnrn r veliiii"ri.l.n
rl

O eschrtzart')
Larlu rtgsgtrwit.lr t' )

Prrlverirrt')
.jaltr, Licfcruugstlutnn}er , . '..

F:*'nlr-ort,
:._

de i];(i;.'

Ort,'fag, .l\ottat. Jallr rles Fcrtigctrs -rii:

I'atroIttl, I(cltnhuclrst*rr" .r",.,i;?# rler
L'l _1'.-',

atltwortlichell,) V"r.

l) mit schwarzer
Ferbe aufgclragelr
') eingeachlagen
l) Patronenh0tsen aul
tragen die Bezeich_
nun8: 8,8 cm rt"k'nl'

Zeichnun : 8,8 cm prgr.Patr.

. Flak 41

7574 Wafen-Bevue 47
Waen-Lexikon 2630-100-5
 (

Znillatluttg
urrdlocbbuclrge

P;li;tuiilq F u. FH
rriclrt vorhattdett 1

}Ille
prerrglrrtlurrg
1rp. Ol+tt eirrgegossetr)
GesclroOfhrung
Wrgerillen

l}urrtl aus eitletttcltttur

orler Bintlfarlert
I
l
patronenhiilnc
.I
l
l)
l
i
l
l

Or!, Ta8, }onat. Jalrr

Fertigetts dcr Patrotre,
rles
kennbuchstabe tles daf r
Verantwortlichenl) Buntl aux eirle,ns("lttttt r
L.ieerungs,Nr.') trrler Ritttlfarlen
l,ief eruttgs,
jalrrl) Rhrenbrrdel l n"up'. i?
lose eirrgebrachte taaui,g
pulverrhren }

'

Fertigungr,
irmal)
kartusclrbeutel
Hrlsenbe,/.3}
zeiclrrrung') stempel2) Burrtl, arrs seidenschttur
oder Bindfaden

tseiladung
zndsghraube

8r8 cm prgr.Patr, Flek 4r

Waflen-Revue 47 7575
Waen-Lexikon2630-100-5
 ^u

Zndschrau benkrper
(Messirlg nau.,Si"til1 eckplatto
Tiansparglrtpapier)
bsclrluBplatte
I(ontaktplatte (Leichtnretatl)
(:\essing) Pu_Iver.korrt Z.
I c}rw.
chlagladung P. (schn.)
/
Halteschrabe ( ll
essing)
Polkrper mit Zndsatz
Korrtaktstick (.[tessilrg)
Spritzgu} lnase (Trolyt)

Fer, igurrgsjalrr Fertigungsfirttt a

Lieferurrgllumtner

u ei Fertigu ng
"'"ii:ll,}s
Zrrdeclrrauben_
C/22 aus Stahl
tragen aie gezei;{;;,,;
V22 st
Zeichnung 2: Zndschraube
C/22und C/22 St

7576 Waen-Revue 47

Waen-Lexikon 2630_rO0-5
r.J
 ,:,
(

Platte (Hydratcelloid Ring (Kernsolrlleder

i]
oder Pappe)

Ll
co
a?
Hlse
(Leichtrnetall)
e)
Q Inncnhtlse

z..l
a (Leic.htme,tall)
bo
c Initial-
9 Friktionssatz.

6l
(n Nitropentn

Hlse oJl
Ll
(Jl
l
(Leielrtnretull)
ZtindladungsliOrper
(Nitrollenta gepre8t)

:ol
r-l

rN
il I

(T)
1.

t*a:

Bei gr. Zdlrg. C/98 o. V. ist
a) der Zntlladulrgskrllcr
auo GranatfIlurrg 88
b)' tlio Beaeiclrnung:
gt.Z,J|g. C/98 o.V.
l}ci gr. Zdlg. C/98 II ist
rr,) rl or Zrrdlutlurrgshi,irper
aus llerogen
b)' tlie Bezeichnuttg:
gr.Z|g. C/98 tt

Zeichnung3:GroJeZndladungC/98Np.C/98HundC/98o.V.

Walen-Revue 47 7577
Wafen-Lexikon 2630-100_5
 )

schraubenfeder

i'i'i;;i1,

Hiilse
(Leichtnretull)
Z ri n r1.1arl uttgsktir;ler
( N I ta orler
t t.Op et,
llcxtlgcrr,;

Zeichnung 4: GroBe
Zndladung C/98 F
und C/98 FH

7578 Waten-Revue 17
Wafen-Lexikon 2630-100-5
I

!.
!t

il
il,
lr
il
iI,
7l
lJ
ii,
li
l.
|:

n
i
l
.1
]

ii.iiriz
.:.| r:f iui:

eu f r blirr dgelatl
;:',',n:i elr t:rr

rlc* },tlelrs
3il;1"i, :lni;j;lltr rl.r
v"ront.,"oriri.*;!1""'"uu llcx dafr

,r.-;-

t) mit gchw*rzer
Farbe rugcCrrgert
i'rii:..:::*r .ttib ""
:-' :.,] 1u,r"loi" . ;
"

Zeichnung 6: 8,8 cm
Sprgr
.
Flak 41 (Bl.)

47
Waen-Lexikon 263O-tO0-5
 \

Ubertragngs-
8!tz

c, aJ
U, o
o o
xa, xc,

|-,-
6l l
Ca
U
to

.l


hc
)
B
w =
E
O)
cil
,)
E..
s
bo
:i
-l
,l

i rC
o3
!,
,)
{
Et
,1, N

rr 1
N
dt 9
. ,
o J4 1c
.co
aa
tA
o 6)

o o J.;
r
c) a (,
. t
d h a
cJ ).c,
q)
s.
e)
t3
o-
0)
EtL
Ou
co9
o9
- iii
-ll
6e
!-c
oo
o9
,i) } !(r
cl. 9)1
r ,lf u
co
Ea
ct
.:a
E
p. Jlo
oc
N3
r
a)
b0
o
xc,

zlBl
*!rrnEurlraq p

Walen-Lexikon 2630-1O0-5
Watlen_Ravue 47 7579
 (

znderers8tzst iick

Gsclrtl8f rlrrutrg

Wrgerillerr

8r8 cm prgr. nlk {1(Bt.)

.Wafen_Lexikon 2630-O0-5
Waerrnarue 47 . 7#1'
 ;#:lrtl:ii:l ftjr 8,$ ctrr
"ir;:;::,J,j:;i,
;:r'#. f]i,l;.,.,,ett r
f

_K ertnzatrl
ffir prcrrgstoffart l)

.rj;},,t:,T,:n"linlx}l;"i,*: .t,_',,
''
,,|:'JJ;i' " 3i' ;,
f;,ifi
"

,,; ;l :
Kenttzeiclren fr
F.tl.Flrru,,gr1

i
l
l eschtzart !)
l Ladungsgewiclrt J)
i verart 3)

.jalt r, L
fi ii'.ar: :r*ort, cfr,r.u r r8:.s t t u tt l n t cr d t s
l
de Fertigcns
l :;:fi*;,,{tl;. tler
(les rlafr Ver.
l
l
l
l :) mit roter
Farllc eugetragerr
l' miu weiner i .-
Farbe
! J, mil ";;::_
;";;;.au8etra8cn
be aulgetragcn
l ') eingeschlagrii

",|,il:T,tllii",T,-i,Yh| tragen die Bczcir|r-

Zeichnung 7: 8,8 cm Pzgr.Patr. 39 ndo. Dt\ l .-.

oder 39-1/Flak
41
582 Waen-Hevue 47

Waen-Lexikon
2630-|O0-5
 I

GeschoB- prerrglarlung (H t0)

krlrcr tl b prengkapscl
1}otl B
i csclro]f rhruIlg
Dinlegesclreiberr
27 Ct,14 Loc}r- Q,0,6 odcr l tligk
zrlttler
Lit:lrtspur

rttr<l, aus eidensclrrrur

otlcr Birrdfaden

atrorrenlrlse

Ort. T,rg. }lotrtt, Jslrr

crtigctts tler l'ittrone,
rlcs
nbuclrstabc clcs tlaf r
}( err
Verantrvortl iclrerr l)
Licf erurrg.s-Nr.{)
Lieferun
Burrrl aus seicrrcltttur
oder Bindaden

Ri, lrrenbrrdel t __
- l Haupt,
los e eirrgebraclrte ladung
P.u lverrhren
I ,-
'
Fertigttttgs. Abtralrrirc,
f irtlta') stempel{) ugclrbeutcl
)
ll lsenbezeiclrrrurrg')
und aue eidettscltttur
trtler Bindfaden
ladutrg
zndlschraube

8r8 cm Pzgr.Patr.89-1/Flak 41 oiler

8r8 cm Pzgr.Patr. 8O1naX 4t

Waen-Harue 47 7583
Walen-Lexikon 2630_100_5
 I

ennzeichen rFE.Fhrungr;

i.;::ilt,

eschtzart l)
ungsgewicht)
ulverart r)

.br.rrl .Fertigungeort, .jaltr

trtt0.1.A
Lleterung8nummer tles
Pulversl)
Ort, Tag, }lolrat.
r*i ion. ], Ii;;ffi ..l'i;"uT.r"jffi*,*:
antwortljchetr 2;

t) mit weiBer
Ferbe aufgeiragcn
16it rchwlrzer Farbe
') augetr8gen
t) eingeschlagen
l) Petroncnh0lren
' eu
:;,iiT
lT#,i,ol trasen die Beeoich,.

Zeichnung 8: 8,8 cm Pzgr.Patr.40/Fak 41

584 Waen-Hevue 47
Wafen-Lixikon 2630_100-5
 (

Gescbo8lraube
AbscbluBhaube-,

e)
Kunstharz,,Pre0,
.:a
stoff-Umhtllun$
o Yerbintlungestck
t)

, Kent
llllc
Gescholfrlrru
Licirtspur

Bunl aus eidensclrnur

otlor Bindfad.en

patronenhlse

Ort, Tag, ]ronat, Jahr

Fertigens der Patrone.
rlc_" i.
l..
kennbuqtabe des dafr F

Veraltt ortl ichenl) uud aus" eidensc}rriur [.;

Lief erungs,Nr.l) oder BindJadell :,:

'r}
l;
ieerungsjahr :.

Adnahnre, kgrtugcbbeutel
Fertigungs,
irmar) stenrpell1
3; l)
Buntl auc seidensctrttur
Illsenbezeicb,rrurrg oder Bind.aden

8r8 cm Pz5r.Patr.40/Tlrk 41

7585
' Wallen-Lexikon 2630,100-5
Wafen-Rwue 47
 D eckel r}e8kartusclro

Bund aue eidenschnur

oder Bindaden
patronenhlse

tsund aus eidenschtrur

otler Bindfatlen
auptladung

li .'" :

!},:-,-
. .._"

i:; :*-i
i_ ; _j.j

artusehbeutet
Butrd lus eidetrsclrnur
Birrdadcn
r.rder

Beilatlurrg
ubgeknallte Z rrd,sclrraube

Zeichnung 9: Me8kartusche der 8,8 cm Flak 41

7586 Wafien-Retlue 47 Waen-Lexikon 2630-100-5

 (

Arrslrilfska.trr.gh.
deckel

und aus seiden-

nglrnur otler Bin<l-
faden
nsicht in Richtung A
Ladurrgsgewitllrt
pulverart uslrilfskartusclr"
lrlse

Fertigu'n8ot;
-jahr, Lieferungs-
}r. des Pulvers
Ort, Tag, ltonat,
Jalrr cles Fertigens
rler Karttische,
}(ennbuclrstabe
rles tlafr
yer8tr trvortliclren Ilurrtl aus eiden.
scltnur otler Binrl"
f aderr

(,
_Rhrenbrrriel ]Haunt.
ll
_Lo.g eing.ebracltte laduilg
7Pu|verrhren l

Ansicht in Richlung B
}'ertigungsf irma t) l,ief eruttgs.

-.,.:,.? - kartuschbeutel
' llulsen_
bezeiclrnung Burrd aus eiden-
scirnur tler Birrd-
faden
l
btrulrme.sterntlel )

ladurrg
Kennzeiclrn fr l'ertigungsjalrrl)
Auslr.Kart,lr.l) rrrlsc[rraube

Zeichnung 10: Aushilfs-Kartsche der 8,8 cm Ftak 41

Waen_Lexikon2630-100-5 Wallen-Re4ue 47 7587

 k
.]. ,, :_

i,'..

;
I
i,

,i l:,:'-

t,'i"
Lr':'
f,

, ]raBe:
|:
t.'

Lnge 1265 mm Dirchmesaer 165 mm

-
cm Ftak
Bild 11: Lutdichter Patronenbehlter der 8,8
41

758B Waflen-Revue ,47 Wafen-Lexikon 2630-100-5

 UL/r,t l -:r \ ,l J

UB UNIl|-IoNs
BI-755No l j}X &lo 2 MK 2
. I<B_
,-B,2
.B.BEL

INrRODUCTON
. SA-7
AT3
I IPROVI SED MILK BOTTLE
RoCK-ETS
INTRODUCTiON
RPG-7
,RPG_ 8
Bh-?7
GRE,NA_DES
R'G,3M
40 mmnrrrr GRE^:DES
M,7 9
MrNF,s
TYPE 72 AT PI--sfic
}

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\g
 ,Description
Disposol of the Bomblets .
The KB_Z is very siinilar lo the KB_1. but conlains no
eetnal sleet ragmenlalion balls. Ti1rq to lhe simplicily o the uze. lhe KB-2 should be
reliable weepon. bul many have a
Tne KB-2 is a dual been ound,h ;;";.
Yugoslavia. and caulion musl be observed.
J h e p e d. m a n c h a g e ::T "r1:.T5 ",;"no; ;,.j.i
i r
;' I I'; 3" ; o: Unormed bomble
delonation. The grenade is slabilise-d ^
an armed
"
in flighl , ,
'

L,y a ribbon slabiliser. The bomblel can be considered unarmed

i lhe ribbon
The body is made up o a 40 mm diameter sliener
.is slill in place rr.,e aeion alor has nol
,

lube conlaining prolruded rom the sije or lhe""a

uze housing. :=ri,.:
3 hollow shaped charge wilh an impact ineriia
uze rivelej
on the top. Frorn lhe cenlre o le uze a while nylon 1:Usingtape.secure.thedelonalorsliderromrnoving
ribbon is fixed. lo lhe armed posilion.
?,: Transport the sub-munilion lo a vvlllvlll'L"
demolilion area or .,.
Specificotions deslruclion-
,]
'.

3:Deslroybyplacinga.chargeoverlhemainbodyand
Oiarneler: 40 mm detonating al 90o io rire smu-n;Uo."''
Height: 87 mm (Eure he shaped charge is poinling inlo
Height lo shoulders: obstacle to prevenl a down-ran_o"'r,"."r ' '
a bank or'
50 mm
Tolal wei9ht: 255 gms b: Armed bomblet
Weighl o explosive: 35 gms The kB-2 can be considered armed i the
ribbon has
Eecl: Shaped charoe/bodv deployed and lhe delona.lor_ slider is proring
u:_e assembly. Two melhod rom the
ragmenlalio S" ,i.-J"r"O to render
Penelralion o armour:60 mm safe: ""n
Fuze: 1: Place donor charge beside ihe sub-munition
delonale at sOo tt},."'---,- "'-'''
lr,lecha nical, impacVinerlia and

Operotion ,2: l dernoliton in siu is not possible, lhe

mechanism can be relOeiJi;;;;i uze
covering
wilh Plasler o Paris. d.1y ti;;'r:ii-a?rosorn;gia
Once lhe rockel has,been launched at its irrg.t
nose uze will unctonal a pre_delermine .re" tt" Urelhane oam. The'mi.rnirons can il.;i. l
t
heighUlime transported to a sae ar." ro, Oolliion.
ejecling the sub-munitions.jnto lhe slip
The sip
Jlearn vrilt remove the ribbon stiener "i.""-.
and allow lhe CAUTloN
labilising ribbon lo deploy. As the sub-munitions
arro irre TH|S METHOD CARRIES RiSKS AND i.,,1..
ground. they wilt spread out and start lhe SHOULD ONLY ; 'qa
arming pocess, BE UNDERTAKEN l
he ribbon will orientale lo,ensure a correcl lN ExTRElilE cruiaHces i:' .r] i
l-..'a.'
impact angle
25o.rom verlieal). and will also i.
"r- pin ro.unscrew
olaling. This rolalion allours the firing "uU."ir"iiiorr-Ui
itsel lj'.j::
rom the delonalor slider. allowing r detonator ii'ir-' ,
slider lo
,.l!^'1"^armed posilion by reans o a spring.
:::
lame llme as unscrewing rom the At the
delonaloi sler, the
rring pin sceurs ilsel inl.o the inertia
weight. On impact
no* weighted' firing pin ari""-=-ii""ij'nro rr," .in-line'
',l:
detonalo and unclions the explosive train.

t. .- t.

l," .:-

(
 Descriptio n Disposol of the Bomblets
The KB-1 is a srnall sub-munilion very similar lo the M-42 Oning lo the simplicity o the uze. the KB-1 shoutC b ,'i;
in appearance. size and unctioning. lt is deployed to the reliable weapon. but ma.ny have. been ound in lcri f,!;.
l39el area as a payload in a tockel uarhead. Yugoslavia, and cauiion must be observed.
*.
The Kts-1 is a dual pupose HE grenade conlaining a o: unormcd bomble t .4
7,,+
shaped main charge and exlernal steel ball ra9menlaiion. unarmed i the rib .-\]
The bomblet can be considered'lhe
The grenade is slabilised and armed in light by a ribbon slieneris slill in place and delonator has ;..i
slabiliser. protruded rom lhe side of lhe uze housing. ,,, ..

The body is made up o a 40 mm diameler lube containing 1: Using tape, secure the detonator slider rom mori" ',i ,

a hollowshaped charge wilh an impacl inerlia uze riveled to the armed position. n,li
on lhe top. From the centre o the uze a while nylon 2: Transport the sub-munition lo a demolilion area or l:"',
ribbon is ixed. destruction. i.i
The grenade has no exlernal markings but the upper body 3: Deslroy by placing a char9e over lhe main body ari'.i
is embedded wilh 450 sleel balls or ra9menlation. detonaling at 9@ to the sub-munition. ,_
|
(Ensure the shaped charge is pointing into a bank [_
Specificotions obstacle lo prevenl a dovln range hazard) | ,,

Diameler: 40 mm b; Armed bomblet i,,_

i{eight: 90 mm The KB-1 can be considered armed i the ribbon }L,1:
i Height lo shoulders: 53 mm deployed and the delonator slider is prolruding from rJ.
uze assembly. Two method can be employed lo ren''.l
.1
Total weighl: ?35 gms sae: i.i
-_i Weight o explosive: 35 gms
il Efect: haped chargsteelball
:l ragmentatiol ,
,.l
Number o ragrnents: 450 sleel balls
l Penelralion o armour:60 mm
l
Fuze: Mechanical. impact/inerlia

Operotion
l
,l

";
Once the rocket has been launched at ils targel area the
nose uze will unction at a pre,delermined heighUlime
il ejecting lhe sub-munitions into the slip stream. The slip
sleam will remove the ribbon stienerand allow lhe
stabilising ribbon to deploy. As lhe sub-munitions all lo the
ground. they will spread oul and start the arming process.
i

The ribbon will orientate lo ensue a correcl impact angle

] (2o rom veical). and will-also arm lhe sub-munilion by
rolating. This rolation allows the iring pin to unscrew ilsel
.t tom the delonalor slider, allowing the detonalor slider to
rnove inlo the armed position by means o a spring, Al the
:I same time as unscrewing rom lhe delonalor slider. lhe
,:il firing pin screv!6 ilsel inlo the inerlia weight. On impact
the 'now weighted' liring pin drives itsel into the 'in,line'
!,l
jl delonalor and functions the explosive lrain.
,,,
I
iI
.,.:{

'ja
l
l
t5
!
3l .

tJ
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DEsTRUcTloN BY PolNT FocAL ATTAcl{

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3A9=L ldtNE wlT!{ FlNs DEPLoYED

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DESTRUCTION BY REMOTE PROJECTtLE ATTACK

ABABEL MlNE wlTH FlNs FoLoD

Descripion Method of Operotion

There is very little known aboul the ABABEL mine, other The exacl melhod o operalign is not known. but lhe uze
tlan il is an air delivered. by rocket syslem and probably mechanism will conlain a deleclion coil to measure lhe
by olher convenlional syslems. is an iniuence uzed. amount o metal around lhe mine. Once magnetic orce is
anli-tank mine delected the uze will unction the warhead ahd fire the
shaped charge to penetrate the belly o any armoured
The mine uses a Misnay Chardin eectshaped charge vehicle passing over lhe mine.
ccnlained in a 1 16 mm diameler cylinder. The uze
rnechanism is inlegral and o magnelic inluence type.
Frrrrt large 'pop-up' fins allow lhe mine lo slow ils descenl Disorming
and ensure correcl orienlalion on impact. The mine is Wilh so lillle knovrn about the mine. remote proiectile
designed or belly altack agarnst armoured vehicles.
atlack should be used. A well aimed central shot should
disrupl the uze and break up lhe mechanism. Several
Specificotions shols will ensue the mine is rolled over and operale any
116 mm
anli-handling device lhat may be presenl. ,,
Drameler:
Height: 12O mm CAUT|oN
$,l9iqhl. Not known WITH L|TTLE tNFoRMATloN AVA|LABLE lT sHoULD
. .. .. :, r..i Wet_Oht. Noi klrcrvrn tsE PREsUl"lED THls llt,JE col,|TAtNs A}JD ANTI,
4 . -, .,' eP'orNc HAl.,DLti.JG DEVlcE.
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 Missiles/Guided Weopons
Generol
Mlssiles are rocket propelled weapons thal are guided
jnlo lhei lefgels by one or moe o lhe ollov.,ing syslems:
laser guidance
Wire guidance
RF guidance
R 9uidance
TV guidance
Aclive. or semi active radar.
The missile propels iisel righl up to the moment o impact.
i oierstom a rocke because it is physically guided'onio
!s tagel. whereas a roQkel is rnerely aimed and ired. and
f lhe targel moves lhe rockel will miss. A missilecan aller
ls couse lo ollow a moving larget.
uiissiles come in rnany groups and much can be learned
bv knowing of the groupi. hbwever. several missiles can
be gtouped into several categories, these groups 3re a
gtr'uie and not a rigid rule:
5.M. - 9.1rfoce to Air Missite
ts group indicales that it is an anti-aircral missile and is
ikely lo have a proximity uze and a ragmenlation or
axpanded rod warhead. depending on its size.
Ixamples: sA.7 (bRAlL), SA-14 (GRElVlLlN), sA-16
lGLA). sA-6 (GAINFUL), sA_2 (GUIDELlNE).
he lower lhe SA number, the older lhe missile. the higher
lurnbers are the never modiied or lalest development
nissiles.
i.S.M. - Surfoce to g;rfoce Missile
hese are usually large missiles or area bombardmenr.
hey lend 1o have large, high explosive warheads or
jeslruclion o large areas. The guidance
s)lems tend to
le less accurale lhan most missiles sincl tney tend to
,epend on the bulk warhead compensating or pin-poinl
Jccuracy. They can also carry nuclear and chemical
earheaCs, and the propellant can be solid. liquid. or a
,ombinalion o bolh.
Due to lhe possibility of iiquid uel
pd chemicalwarhead NBC kit is required.
irarnples: SS-1 (SCUD). SS-N-2 (STYX). AL HUSSEIN
Modiied SCUD), FROG-7. SS-12
lL
A.M. - Air io Air Mlssiles
These missiles are or aerial cornbal and .are used
altack other asl moving aircrafl and as such lo
exlremely' fasl lo enable th-em lo catch and' jesrroy
ee
neeini
aircral. A_A.M's lend lo be sleek and slender rni"=ir""],
usually with a ragrnenlalion or expanded/conlinuous
warhead, and proximily uzing syslem. Propellanls lo
are
usu_ally solid and guidance can be Radar, Semi-Active
Active, lR. lnerlial
oi
lR. l-.-, .':
Eramples: AA-2 (ATOLLI, A1.5 (ASH). A,{-6 (ACR|D).
AA_7 (APEX). AlM-9 (slDEW|oe n1" AlM_1
(SPARRoW), MAGlc
A.T.M _ Arrt-Tonk Missjle
These missiles can be ground launched or air launched
rorn. aircraft or helicoplers. They are usually airly
shorr
ranged and guided by one of the ollowing methodi,
Wire
guided. lnra Red guided, R.F. guided. or W
9uiOeO. t"tosi
anti-tank missiles conlain high erplosive shaped charge
_a
v.arhead or a high explosive assisled penelralor lo piee
the ermoured hull o a lank. lr4osl anli-lank missilei have
an impacl uzing syslem. but there are exceplions.
Examples: AT_3 (SAGGER). AT-4 (SPIGOT). AT-2 E,lj*
1SWATTER), BGM-7J _qOYl). AT-5 (SPANDREL). ". :,'-
Mlt3N, DRAGoN, M47. FGM_77A. HoT-1, HoT-2.
A.G.M. - AirJouned Guded Missile
These 9uided missiles do nol include lhe A.A.M. goup.
they are mainly aimed al 1he air- launched anii-tank
missiles or air-launched anti-radar missiles o even
air_launched anti-shipping missiles.
Eramples: AGtl4-E8A (HARM). AGM_84A (HARPOON).
1GY_6.5 (MAVERlclo. AGM-109 (MRASM). AGM_4
(SHRlKE). AGM-62 $/VALLEYE)
FR,1,1
A.S.M. - Air to ;rfoce Mirsile
Air lo Sudace missiles lend to be a slighlly targer than the
A.lr4.M's with a airly large warhead, an aie meanl lo lake
on a mullitude o lagels rsuch as bunkers. building.
orliied positions. but they can also be speciic anti-rarii
missiles launched by aircrafl.
Examples: AS-30L, AS_10 (KAREN). AS-14 (KEDG).
As-9 (!(YLE), As-37 (MARTEL)
 >Utbl/ rlgluvli9lt)
lnTrdUC,lon
The ollovling saety prccaulions should ALWAYS
The occasicns vzhen a guided \yeapon will be ound laken rvherever possible'.
complele are limiled. but may occur in lhe ollovlin9
_

'l: A sae waiting/cooling period should be observed

circumsiances:
beore approaching the rnissile,. This allows batte,,i
and circuits lo discharg. A recornmended lime o
o: Air to Air or Ajr to 9;rfoce leasl 2 hours (preerably 21 hours) should be
1: Failure o lhe missile lo arm. observed.

2: Failure o the missile lo delonale. 2: Full NBC/SCBA equipment should be worn when
lhe missile thoughl lo have a liguid propellanl or
3: Jeliison o missile (dropped 'sae) chemical vrhead.
4: Missile detached rom aircra! Cue to an ac:idenl or 3: Approach a missilerom 45o rom lhe rear cenle
enemy aclion. line lo avoid any in'luencing o lhe uze.

b: 9.1oce to Surfoce or Suoce to Air

4: Where practical, the operalor and missile should b,
earlhed using a ground spike.
]: Failure o the missile lo arm. 5: NE1/ER jolt o jar a missile or missile components.
2,. Failure o the missileto detonate.
3: Abandoned ordnance afler retreat. Demolition of Mlsslle in fu ls Acceptoble
4i Abandoned ordnance, damaged by enemy action. 1: Missile lnlacl - deslroy all ha:ardous componenls
simullaneously without disturbing the missil,e
Guided Weopons 2: i,4issile Scaitered- deslroy all hazardous componei |.]
viiihcut dislurbing ihem l._
Guided weapons may break up on impacl wilh the ground, i-F|,
lhis may give tise to the ollowing problems: Demolition of Missjle in tu s Unoccaptoble ],j
+:
1; Dificully in recognition o all the hazardous F:
cornPonenls. o: Missile inloct rj
). Detached yrarhead, possible burieC.
1: Consider all remote rernoval operalions
.Splil and ruptured liquid uel tanks. 2,, Ccnsider proieclive vrorks
Spiit or scallered solid uel. 3: Consider leaving lhe missile and securing lhe area
Rupiurec oi damaged gas botlieconlainers. uniil it can be deslroyed
Damaged guiCance sections. rvhich usually conlail
loxic n-.aierials. b: Mssile Scaiered
7: Dari,laged or rnissing conlrol sudaces. 1: Lccale all hazardous componenis
2,. Re:,nove remotely i necessary
Hozgrds 3; Consider leaving and ecuring lhe aea. i..

1: Soid uel propeliant may burn lo cjetcnalion,

l.-,

especially i it is cracked.
2: Most licuid uels are highly toxic to lhe eyes, skin
and respii,alory systems. They can also
sponlaneously ignite i mixed wilh olher chemicals.
Ccrdiie ,+dll i9nite when brought inio contacl with
arnmonia (ccoling agenl in sorne missiles).
The electric circuits o a missile can rernain active
cr sorne lime after impact.
q. PressureC s,}.s|ems m3y ven! explosively when
damaged or moved.

4l

Description
The SAtr4-7 is a man porlable. low altitude sudace to air
,rrissile lhat comprises a one shot tube launched. heat
seeking. anli-aircrat missile.
The SAJv1-7A has a passive inra_red homing syslem lhat
is aher primitive and only efective i used directly under
gn aitcral lhat has a very hol exhausl area. This early
:nodel was easily deealed by an aircral manoeuvrering
tllo the sun, acce|eralin9 away rom lhe missile, or
:hrough lhe use o decoy flares. Due lo lhe absence o
The operalor then ully depresses the lrigger and lhe
missile is expelled rom lhe lube by lhe firsl slage solid
propellent molor lo reach a speed o 28 m/sc. The
boosle molor burns oul in 0.5 seconds and lhe main
second slage sustainer molor culs in at aboul"5 - 6
_
melers 'kom the operelor. The rnissile teaches il.s
maximum speed aler 1.8 seconds and races ater ils \,
la19el. The missile spins in an anli-cloclonrise direclion to
maintain il's stability.
Bolh versions of the SAt\4-7 conlain a 0.37 kgs HE
ragmenlalion warhead and ate ully armed ater 45 1+:',:--

any fille syslem lo screen out spurious heat sources. lhe melers o flight. The missile has a self deslruct syslem
;nissile was airly ineeclive lhal operales aler 14 - 17 seconds o lighl time. A hit or
graze on a largel beore lhis lime will unction lhe
The SAM-7B included a moe sophislicaled seeker wilh a vlsrhead.
fill.r lo reduce spurious and counler measure heat
souces and used an improved warhead lo give a moe
gven ragmenlalion patten- Demolifion
The syslem consists o a missile in il's green launch lube. Due lo lhe sel deslrucl sylem employed in lhe missile il
a reloadable grip stocklpower unit and a can-|ike metal is unusual to find an expended missile lhat has been ired.
:hermal batlery. The missile is very long. slender and dart o: Fired missile:
,ike in appearance. wilh iwo flick oul canard frns behind
'he nose seclion and our lick out tail 'rns at lhe rear. The 1: Never approach or 15 minules aler firing.
nissile has a clear oplical glass lR seeker eye, is green in 2,. Approach missile rom rear quarler.
;olour. has yellow slencilling on lhe guidance seclion, 3: Do nol jar. or move missile.
?rhead and rockel motor. and a thin yellow HE oand at
ihe ronl o the explosive. The canard fins and lail fins are
4: Position charges on:
c bright unpainted steel. a: Reer venluri
b: Along the lenglh of rockel motor
Specificotions c:On lhe warhead (
Length: 1.35 meters d: On the guidance seclion
Diarneter: 70 mm Link up all lhe charges, relire. and demolish
llissile weight: 9.2 k9s b: Missile in fube:
Fange: Up to 10 krns Place one conlinuous charge along the lenglh o the
Flighl speed: Mach 1.5 raissile lube, one small charoe in either end o the tube.
link up and demolish.
Warhead: 0.37 kgs HE - smoolh cased

Fuzing:
ragmenlalion
cAUTloN
lmpacU9raze aclion
HAZARDOUS COMPONENTS CAN BE FOUND lN THE
THERMAL BATTERY AND lR SEEKER EYE _ ENSURE
Operotion THESE ARE DESTROYED W|TH THE MISSILE
The missile and tube come as a single ilem. and the
opelato must ll the firing unil lo the lube b_eore lhe
system can be fired. The oPeralor points the syslem al lhe
airctal and depresses the trigger to the first pressure
poinl. This energises a short-lie ballery and powers up
seeker heads sealed lacker unil. once lhe seeker is
energised and uncovered, a red lighl on lhe launcher
'he
colical sight is lil. On a receipt o a signal rom the lR
deleclor cells, the lighl on lhe sight becomes green and an
audible warning is 9iven oby the slock mechanism. i,, ' :

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Description Demolition
The Sagger (AT,3) is a MCLOS anli-lank missile. ll is o: Fired mlssiles:
(eployed in lhree ways, aircral mounted. vehicle mounled A fired mssile should never be moved. aird muit be
or i;rnlry ground deploymenl. The basic syslem is a wire destroyed in silu.
ouided missi|ewith a shaped charge warhead. The missile
Demolition chages should be posilioned on the tear
isn be launched rom lhe carrying case launch rail. lhe venluri nozzles. lhe boost molor. lhe side venturi nozzles
vehic|e mounted launch rail, or aircrat mounled launch
_,I and on the shaped charge vrarhead lo initiate lhe warhead
to collapse the cone.
Tle T-3 is a shorl stubby missile wilh a poinled nose
Failure lo simultaneously delonate all the above points
and our ear mounled reclangular jns lhat are swept
cou|d result in the missile being propelled lo an unv.anled
back at lhe obt and straight at lhe olding outer seclion.
area.
Th ear o the missile houses a black rubber wealher
seal with a prominenl ed electrical connector protruding b: Unfired missilg:
{rcn lhe seal. The missileis usually olive 9reen in colour. 1: Remove e|ectric cables rom missile.
2: Remove warhead using clips on lhe side.
Specificotions 3: Remove to demolilion area lo destroy.
y:e o missiie: Wire guided MCLOS syslem 1: Positioning of charges does noi vary from above
Weight o missile: 11.3 kgs sequence.
Le::gth o rrissile: 880 mm c: Hozordous components
Piameter;, Ensure the ollorvin9 compcnenls ae altacked :'- ':-'
i20 mm
Wrg span: 350 mm simullaneousiy: r"'r.,_

W;rheaC: o l{=AT shaped charge 1: Collaose the ear venluries. !his v,lill also rupture j ,Jt,

and explocies the back sustainer molor-

G:idance: \{ire guided from 2 spools
|,'.
}:. Collapse and i9nile the middle sustainer motor.
,--

Fu:ing: uzed , piezo-e|eclric

fir;:l 3: Destroy the side enluries and the v;arhead uze.
4,. Collapse the shaped char*oe and initiate the
6
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PlopuIsion: 1 x wrap around &
warhead.
'1x cenira| solid rockel molors
an_oe: 500 - 3COC melers
fi;;nour penetralion: 400 mm
Flicht vetocity: 120 m/sec

O perotion
Once lhe missile has been launched. lhe guidance v.,ires
rail oul behind it and it is guided o;rlo ils iarget by joyslick
caniol. The operaio can see the missile mounled flare
r:C manually guides the lare into the selecied target,
the missile has a piezo-electric impact similar lo the
RPG-7 uze that unctions on slriking an object. On impact
one piezo cryslal is slressed and produces an e|eclrica| i.i i1.,.
5urrenl lo fire lhe electric delonalo. The detonator ires ,i :' '.
t". ;r
_.

otre primer and booster vlhich in lurn fires the warhead.

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Eecause o the irnpact uzing syslem il is unusual to rnd

nrssles lhal have nol unctioned. The usual debris is lhe
ea bcost molo and tail section. i-',:.:._,__
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;:ral.

,hllLK 8oTTLF
\lTH FlNs DEPLoYEo

'MILK BCTTLS' Dllt't=NSIONS

Description
The 'milk boile' is an improvised projeclile made rom a
cornmercial aluminium boltle fixed lo a sleel base plate:
protUciing rorn the base Plate is a 6,5 mm diameler steel
rod vlllh cruciorm sheet sieel plates. Pinned to 1he plales
are our rhornboidal olding fins. The neck o the boitle
hclds an impact uze and bursting pellel. The loial length
o lhe uze element is 114 mm. The botlte contains
approximately 1 litre o Napalm.
The projectile may be launched rom the RPO. (Recoiless
lncendiary Projectiie Launcher) similar in appearance lo a
bazooka. The RPo uses a gas generator cartridge a a
propellant souce.
The projeclile may be ound with its tail broken o.Great
care should be exercised in dealing with the projectile due
to lhe presence o lhe unexploded impacl uze.

Specificotions
Diameler o bollle: 87 mm
l,4aximum diarneler: 92 mm
Lcnglh o bolile: 200 mm
otil |enqlh: 34? mm
Wei9ht{aporox): 3 kgs
- ,:.,..r.l ,l lihefapprox) tlapalrr

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 lnfrod u io n
Rockels are propelled projectiles lhat have powered light
up to the lagel. but, unlike missiles. they conlain no
cuicance melhod. The humble rockel is merely poinled at
lhe lagel and fircd. l lhe larget should move. lhe rockel
v,,ill miss.
4n
Rockels ae usually associaled wilh srnall sho range
syslerns like lhe RPG-7. 66 mm t-AW.2.75'SNEB aircrat ..
rocket and such like, but in reality rockels can be huge
like the MLRS or B1,4-21 Slalin organ (Katyusha). vlilh
ranges up to 20 - 30 Kms.
The,rocket amily is vasl bul has basic characteristics lhat
are also found on missiles. These ae as ollorars:
a. 3ooster rnolos
sustaine moios
A oombinalion boosler/suslaine molor
l.
Venluries - rear. side oi multiple
e: A vyarhead . Fi3, chemical or sub-munilions
: A uze _ air burst. impact or delay
ihe rnain cornponenls missing rom the rockel. bul
included on a missile are:
,i
1: Guidance s,vslem
2: Steering unii
3: Cotrol seciic;r
This makes rhe RSP's of a rocket very sirrilar bui less
cci,iplicatec ihan llrcse o a rnissile.
Pcinis io rernembel vlhen cealing vrith Rockets
e. Alr^;ays appoach rom the side, there is nc
deteclion/guicance syslern lo in'luence. Never
approach in ine ,.vi'.h the e3r venturi just in case o
i9nilion.
b: Always earlh yoursel and the rocket as slatic
electricity couId initiate a compiicaled e|eclrical
uzing system. :_

.,. Never jar or move a fired rocket as they ae usually

impacl uzed anC movemenl could eea damaged
striker.
d: Always airn your RSP to deslroy, simultaneously.
lhe ollowing componenls:
1: The warhead
. 2: The rear venluri
3; The suslaineribocjsler molor
4: The uzing syslem
e. Like missiles. o.kels ae pone lo breaking up ater
. Impacl wilh tne ground and, thereore, can be
scalteed over a large area.
Lean lo recognise lhe component parts o a rockel lo
enable you lo idenliy all hazardous componenls
even aler it has broken up.

1o
 Rockets PG-7
lntroduion VJeight.
A,T:
1.75 K9
r,..i:h vlave maker

The RPG-7 is the standard rran podable. shorl ange, Explosive weight: 0.3 K9 (approx)
anti-tank weepon o the orrner Vy'arsaw Pacl countries
and lheir allies. lt has had a wide operziional use in Explosive lype : RDX/TNT
several yvars since il rlas introdpced in 1962. and despite ect: Shaped charge &ragmenlation
ils unconvenlional appeaance it is an eectiveand uze: t\46(U) Poinl D'etonatin9
efficien weapon.

D escriptio n
Weopon Funoning ; ,

The RPG-7 is a shoulder fired, Rockel Propelled Grenade
launcher lhal iesseveral lypes o anli-lank or anli-
personnel grenades. The launcher lakes the shape o a
metal tube v.rith a pislol grip and/or shou|der pad. lls
orvlard end has a 40mm opening inlo which the grenade
is loaded. l's centre portion cxpands 'inlo a combustion
chamber and lhen lapers to a boltle neck unlil opening up
inlo a large rear venluri.. - boosl molor/rear fin assembly and launches lhe rocke
There are our lypes of grenade thai can be fireC rom lhe
RPG-7 launcher, as ollows:
Thelaunchermerelyprovidesalaunchlubeandsprin
operaled iring pin. The hamrner at lhe rear o lhe pistc i,^-l,
grip is cocked, and depression o the trigger releases tht
hamrner io slrike the fixed firing pin above il. The firing pi:
intrudes inlo the launch lube anc slrikes the dovlnwari
The percussion cap igniles lhe propellant in the add-or
rom the tube. wiIh the cardboard covered. add-on boos
rnolor now expired. the siabilising fins drop oul and by lhe
,

help o a balch o of-sel fins, a slow roll rale is imparled lc :

a; PG-7L4 - anti-tank shaped charge grenade the rockel.

b: PG-7G _ anti-lank shaped charge orenaCe The rear o lhe boosl molor also conlains a small ltacei '
c: PG-7 - anti-lank shaped charge wth wave maker
elernenl which al|ons lhe 'irer lo watch his round anc ,-

make aiming correction in the evenl o a miss. Atel ;

d: oG-7 _ anti-personnl ragmentation grenade approximateiy 10 metres. lhe boost motor igniles the main [_,;lr;:
ocket molor and the rockel will propel itsel oul to ils l,."
sPEclFlcATloN maximum range o 5O0 metres.
i"
i, .'..

Length o Launcher: 950 mm (r.ariable)

\\'eight of Launcher: 7.9 K9 (variable) ;

Muzzle Velocity: lZU m/s The PG_7 rockets all use lhe same YP-7 uze with the
exceplion o the OG-7. This is a piezo-electric, point
Fli.oht VelocitY: 3O0 mis
initiating. base detonaling. impact uze. (PE(PIBD)
Range: Moving target - 300 m
The VP-7 uze is a piezo-electric uze incorporating an
Stationary taret - 500 m impact nose elemenl containing Mo clyslals and a base
Sel_deslrucl ran9e: 920 mm detonating elemenl coniaining all mechanical and eleclrical
Armou Penelralion: 300 mm maxinrum arming and firing componenls. The uze also conlains a
pyrolechnic delay, sel-destrucl mechanism. Delayed
Rockets A.T: Weight- 1.7 K9 a.;ng is accomplishe'd through a pyrotechnic delay thal
Explosive weighl: 0.3 Kg (approx) s iniliated by setback.
Explosive lype: RDVTNT The electric detonalor is conlained in.a verlical sliding
Eect: Shaped charge & F_ragmentation detonalor carrier. An e|ectrical shorling conlacl is mounled
Fuze: VP_7 (Pl8D) in a slider benealh lhe detonalor. The.conlacl provides a
dead short acfoss lhe detonalor bridge v;ire unlil the slider
Rockets A,/P: Weighl- 1-2 K9 is in lhe armed position.
Explosive laeighl: 0.1SKg (approx) The piezo - e|ectric nose element employs the warhead
Eect: Heavy body ragmenlalion body as one eleclrical lead. and an inner aluminium cone
Fuze: 0.4M lmpact rom 82mm morta as lhe olher, lhis gives a complele eleclricat circuil or lhe
transmission o lhe electrical pulse from lhe impact
cn},stals to the e|ectrical delonalor. l '.

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Fuze Funtioning Demolion

Upon the rockels being fired. the set-back orce causes o: Unfired Roei-s . .
lhe vleighted lash primer lo move rearwards. 1: Check uze or saely pins and,caps
compressing ils spring and irnpaling itsel on lhe rxed
rring pin. The resulting iash lrave|s up the lash channel. 2: Ensure no damage or distorlion lo rockels
ignites the sel-deslrucl delay element through lhe holes in 3: Check the iring percussion cap is unsluck
lhe del3y housing and continues up lhe flash channel, 4: Check main venluries lo ensue no ignition has
i..,here the larne spreads into the groove o lhe arming laken place
de|ay pellet and igniies the pellet.
once lhe above poinls have been checked. wilhoul
Simullaneously, the set-back pin moves tearvrards against moving the rockel. the rocket can now be prepared or
its spring depositing lhe ball bearing in the uze cavity. demolilion or moving to a demolition area.
The slight rolalion o lhe rockel. plus lhe shaped sudace
b: Poslton o Chorges
on the slider causes lhe ball bearing to move inr.,.aiCs,
unlocking one side o lhe slider. For Arockets. charges should be positioned in the
As the arming delay pellel is consumed. lhe slider moves ollov;ing places:
dc\.Jnvr'ard under the spring Pessure, camming the |ock 1: On lhe ogive lo collapse lhe shaped charge
pin into the evaculed delay-lo-arming pellel cavity. When 2,. On lhe main veniuries and covering lhe uze and
cc-nplelely unlocked. the slide mcves downwarCs and base o the warhead
aligns lhe electric detonalor with lhe boost lead. Alsc 3: on lhe rmket rrotor near the end
aligning lhe sel-destrucl blasl cavity vlith lhe hole in lhe
slide leading to lhe detonalor. 1,. l the boosler is 'ined, remove it by unscrevring and
demolish by laying beside the rocket, ensurin one
This dovlnvnrd movement o lhe slider causes the charge covers lhe rear tracer elemenl. and anolher
s;roriened pin o the eleclrical firing syslem lo be.removed covers near lhe lop o the booster.
rom the stud, allovling the eleclrical circuil rorn the nose c: Fired RocJ<ets
sensing element 1o the delonalor 1o 'be completeC. The
uze is nolv mechanically and electrically armed and the . Due lo lhe sel-deslrucl raechanism incorporated in lhese
ssi_deslruci rnechanism is burning. rocket. it is unusual lo find jred rockets. But aler an
airstrike. rockels may be thrown cut and may arm durin9
Deonotion kick outs rom explcsions. In these cases. the rockels
rnay be damaged or even ully armed.
Upon irnpact with a iarget the tvyin piezo-eleclric crysla_ls Thereore. teal as armed. and car,ry out lhe ollovring
in lhe nose impact element are slressed. This generates a checks:
pulse of current thal travels lhrou.oh lhe inner and ouler
cones o the ogive. lhrough the pin, through the uze
:
'1
Any damage or dislorlion lo ro:kel
housing, onlo lhe bridge wire o the electric detonalor. The 7: Any damage lo the nose uze
deionalor is initialed and the explosive train will unclion. 3: Any signs o nearby explosion
1: Are lhe ockets slte,;vn aboui in a random manner?
Self-Destru l any o lhe above poin|s are noteC, lhen lrea lhe rocket
Should the rocket miss its targel and fail lo function the as armed. (

impact sensing e]ement, the sel-deslrucl mechanism will C: Damolition of Fired or Arrrled Rockets
unction within 20 metres. The already buring sel.- 1: Position a charge on lhe ogi\,e to coliapse lhe
destruct lirner will finally burn lhrough to lhe sel-destucl shaped charge
delonalor. This will flash through a channel and delonale
ihe main electric detonalor and indicate lhe ockels 2,. Position a charge cn lhe uze anC venluries
explosive train in lhe normal manne. 3: Posilion a charge on the rear o the rockel
e: Demolition of OG-7 Rociat
observotions As no shaped charge is employed with lhe OG-7. position
Several points are lo b remembered v.,ith the RPG-7 your charges as ollows:
ockets. especially the PG-7 rockel with wave maker and 1. Cover uze and end o rocket vrith one charge
lhe OG_7 anli-personnel rocket. These two rockels dier 2: Place one charge al base o rocket
rom lhe the olhers :y the use of morlar uzes and nol lhe
standard piezo-eleclric impact sensing elemenls employed
3: lf booster is fitted: cover lhe laceelemenl v.li[h a
third ch;rge
|n ihe PG_7G and PG_7M.

The OG-7 uses tlre 0.4t,4 irnpact uee vllrich is a poinI CAUTI o N
detorr*lirrg.5et-back erttrd. irrrpact u:e. Thg PG-7 with NEVER JAR OR lvlOVE A FIRED OR
Wo$.ctn9ker uses ihe M-6(U) FJoinl delonaling u-,e. RocKET.

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 M-21 MULnPLE RocKFr LUNCHER
Description
The Soviel Union has been using.MLR since beore lhe
Second \ortd War. and has conlinued to develop new
syslem. The range and lype o launcher can vary a
gealy.bul they alt ollorv lhe same basic ormal and
design, The Mulliple Rockel Launcher Syslem is designed
lo Boyid massive saluralion bombardmeni by usi o
rockel propelled. HE projecliles.
The 8M-21 rockel syslem is a mulli-barrelled tauncher
mounted on he back o a Ura1-375 Russian lruck. The
launcher has 40 barrels vlhch are selecled and fired
eiectrically by a Remote Fire Conlrol Unil (FCU). The
Bl1-21 operalor cen selecl an individual barrel and fire one
tocke or can ripple fire complele salvos o rockels.
The launcher is sel on an azimulh elevalion lurnlab|e and
is i'ired obliquely rom lhe vehicle to pevenl demage to the
arnoured cab, A ull 40.round salvo can be ired in under
30 seconCs producing an avesome ire power capabilily.
The rockel itsel is 3.226 melers long and 122 mm in
ciarneter. ll is a very slender. cigar shaped rockel thal
i6ps al the nose culminating in an irnpact uze. The
y..arhead is high explosive and heavily cased, producing
large ragmenls on impact. The rear venturi is rnade up o
muliple small venluries which imparl a slcw spin lo lhe
rockel lo aid :abililyin 'light, There are our curved fins
lhat cjeploy on exiting lhe launcher.
,$Specificotions
Type o weapon: Multiple Rockel Launcher
Weighl of rockel: 45.8 kgs
Lenglh o rocket: 3.226 melers
Dianreler o rocket:
122 mm
I,4aximum ange: 20.5 kms
Number o barrels: 40
Exp|osive type: RDVTNT
xplosive weighl: Not known
lrnpact DlC-8
Fiting: Eiectrically fired molor
Rockel lype: Dtc-66 (9M229)
Funioning
The BM-2'| operalor setecls and fires a ockel using lhe
eole FCU. The rockel is iniliated by an electrical iniiiator
et in lhe rear venluri o each rockel ind connecled lo lhe
vehicle eleclrical syslem by a lick over conlact. On
ignition o the rqcket molor lhe rockel is propelled rorn its
tube and deploys its stabilising fins.
*launch
'pn. rockel vrill fl on the lrajectory sel on lhe azimuth
elevalion assemblY and once the ockel molo has burnl
out if will crop lc lhe grounc and detonale on irnpacl.
tl-
SSR
Fung of the BM-zl rocket
Descrlpiion
The BM-21 rockel (Dt(Z-66) employs lhe DI(Z-B poin,
detonating uze which bears no markings except the lo:
number. The DI(Z-B is a unique uze because lhe uze
body is made o conrposile conslruclion. ll has an oule
utea ormaldehyde plastic shealhing bonded to the innel :,',,
sleel body. ll is longer and heavier than slandard Sovie|
uzes bu il displays lhe usual Soviet rryalerproofing. Ali
openings are sealed wilh a synlhetic rubber compounC
lhat renders lhe uze complelelywaterproo.
The DKZ-B is conslrucled rom our major components:
- : Aaluminiumwindshield.
_1
nose cap and membrane lhal is crimoed lo lhe
:
?: The aluminiumv;indshield conlainino lhe urea
ormalclehyde plastic arming nlechaism housing.
3: The plastic bonded sleel body containino the
selection spindle and lhree dlay elemets.
1: The sleel boosle cup containing lhe relay delonalor 'r
pressed into lhe boosler chargei :.
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lhe two shorl delay elemenls (B setling) are redundanl.
The ogive o lhe uze is unpainled bul has a coat o l.:.ll.
|:',. 'i
varnish on il. The uze body and boosler cup aie black ]_]-.'
and are also varnished. The plastic is painted blue and
black- preCominanlly blue. the lol numberis stamped near
the base o the ogive.
nrmng tire DIQ-B
The arming is via a set.back mechanism that employs a ,_.].',,
zig-zag slot governor to produce an arming delay. The :,:,,."l..
arming mechanism releases, the cocked aimino orimer
ii-*-r:
vlhich iniliales a pyrotechnic delay arming pellr 'v".hich '.''::'
unlocks the rolor. When the delay arming pellet is li,:|:
consumed, lhe olor can mo\ to the in line position. An
accelerlin is setback upon launch againsl ils spring and '; -
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also unlocks lhe rolor. wilhout suslained acceleiation
keepingthevreighldoWntheocketcannqtrolateoarrn.
On lhe oulside o lhe uze is a seleclor spindle lhat , ,,,,
controls lhe inslantaneous ('O' selting). short delay (.3. .. .].
selling), and long de|ay ('M' selling) o lhe uze. : ,,.;:
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Funonir-rg c iar irnpo c: Roels in Lounor
on rnstanlanecus seiling a sra;9hl-through lash channel Rockels ound in a launcher can be easily, dov,,n lcaded
pelmils the flame rom the delonalor in lhe rolor lo flash or demolilion.
dr:eclly inlo lhe relay delonalor and unclion lhe v,,arhead.
1: Disconnect al| exlernal leads an{ balleries rorn the
On shor1 delay. the spindle pesenls a solid block in lhe vehicle and FCU.
lash channe! so lhat lhe short 'de|ay pellets are igniled by 2: Earth lhe rocket rame and opeialor.
the lame and not the relay delonalor, causing a dela
beore flashing lhrough lo the relay delonator. 3: unscrew lhe three conneclion screw at the base o
each rockel and swing lhem out o the way,
On lhe long delay setling, lhe detonaLr in lhe rolor 4: Slide the rockel rearv.ards towards lhe ground.
lashes a.long a channel to ignite the long delay pellel and
not lhe sho delay. Once consurned. lhe tong delay pellel 5: once all rockels are dorvn loaded }reoare a
lashes lhrough to the relay pellel and uncIions lhe demolilion pit and demolish individall or in groups.
Position charges as or Unfired Rockeis.
l;
deionalor, |,
l.;:
Trres selections are usually used in lhe (.O) Ij
,i,.s:anlaneous mode. but lhe delay can be used lo ceale i:l
conusion when used against lhe enemy with sporadic l."
erpiosions occurrinQ after he bombardment has finished.
Cautian | ,.

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Demolion ENSURE ALL ROCKETS AR= EARTHED PRIOR TO l]
ANY RsP,s BEING cARRlED oUR. |,
1-
o: Fired Rockeis NEVER JAR oR MoVE Al.J AR|,laD RocKET. l_'
E1.JSUR= ALL PolNTs To E DEMoLlsHD ARE l':
l_
Once fired lhe rocket should nol be approached or 1 hour liar
to ellow or |ong lirne delays and to allow lhe rocket lo ATTACKED sltt4ULTANEoUsLY.
cooi. aler a scak period position charoes as ollov,s:
,-,1i;

1:
2:
One charge placed on lhe uze o the rockel.
One charge posilioned on lhe ogive o lhe w.arhea.d.
' WARiI//VG
i,.

3. The rocket motor can be ignored as ii v.,itl be er.npty.
i: Link up your cha19es with detcord anci cjelonate rom
?00 - 300 rneies.
b: Unfired Rockefs
Unfiled rockels may or may not have uzes, bul all will be
unamed. Prepare a suitable demolition pit or destroy
situ. Place chalges as ollov.s:
One charge in uze welt or on uze.
One charge placed on warhead ogive.
One charge p|aceC behind the warhead on the rockel
motor.
/. One charge placed in the middle o ihe rocket molo -
because o its length.
One charge on the rear o lhe rocket moio,l .::_,
collapse the ear venluries.
AN lNclDENT lN KUWAIT lNVoLVlNG A BM-21
occURED DURlNG DEMoLlTloN, THE oFFlcl,L
ACCOUNT WAS THAT A PIECE OF BURNING
PACKAG|NG LNDED NEAR SO[4E UNPREPARED
ROCKETS AND THE RESULT|NG FIRE IGNITED oNE
OF THE ROCKETS AND CAUSED A I-AUNCH. THE
ROCKET WAS FORTUNATELY NOT FUZED AND WAS
in FoUtlD soME 10 Kh4s AV/AY l1.1 THDESERT
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Description
The RPG-16 is a light anti-armour weapon o sirnilar slyle
to lhe M72-66mrn l-AW. except it is sligh|ly longer. lt is a
one shol wcapon consisling'o a HEAT rocket inside
lo be carried by inantry
drsposable launch lube designed
to deeal or damage light armoured vehicles, but ;t is
unlikely lo deeaI modern main baille tanks.
The launcher is made o an exiruded light alloy lube which
le|escopes lhe two halves. one inside the oher. A bayonet
calch locks lhe launcher in lhe extended posilion ready lo
|aunch. The firing mechanism is mechanical. The sighting
syslern is a pair o simple pop-up rames made o plaslic
and gradualed or tanges o 2O0. 250 and 3OO melers.
The launcher is dark green in colour with a black sticker
and vlhite diagrarns shovring a series o inslructions on
hoi,; io jre lhe weapon.
Specificoions
Calibre: 64 mm
Length olded/open: 7O5 mm/1.05 melers
Weight: 2.7 kgs
Projectile vleight: 1.q kgs
penelration:
375 mm
2O0 melers
Eectiveran9e:
lr4uzzle velocily: 15 m/sec
1
Warhead/fuze: HATA/P_19 PlDB
,xplosive fillerlvleighl: HMX, wax & pink dye/0.09 kgs
Operotion
On engaging a t3r-Qet, lhe firer removes lhe pins rom the
ront and rear end caps o the launcher which swing dorvn
cn hinged joints. The rrer exlends the weapon by pulling
both halves apar1 sharply. The rear end cap has a oam
padcjing and becomes the shoulder rest. Once in the
shoulder, lhe firer pulls the rear sights backwards and
cccks lhe firing mechanism. The sighls will spring back up
lo the verlical posiiion immedialely. The v,,eapon is now
reaiy lo fire.
As vlilh the M72 lhe irer must cock his head slightly lo
peer dovln the sight and lhrough lhe oresight- As soon as
lhe clear target is seen. lhe irer depresses lhe red iring
button .iusl in ront o the rea sighl.
On squeezing lhe tfigge, lhe mechanical iring pin ires at
lhe eao the laungher. This pin lires lhe percussion cap
and flash lhrough cord lhat is linked directly lo lhe rear
r,enluri. The rocket lhen ires ils motor and is expelled
rom the launch lUbe lovrds.the targel.
Fuze Operotion
The RPG-'! 8 rocket is very.poinled vrith ? short rockel
hr(,iol culminaling'ln a brighl alloy -rear venluri and six, -'-
\ll..-:lllq tns. The nose contains..a__ plezo-electlc...lmpat'
..,,sirn|rnetll 3rta a 5ase l,i"-i"s set back u:c. lt ls
:l:t cerlain i the VP-18 uze'i fitted v/ith_a_sel-destruct
h]chanisn1. although this seems very |ikely.
Demolion
o: RocJ<ei in fube ond Oosd
l the launchers are ound closed up and slockpiled, lhey
a ,[l[::,rn""ed or disposal. Charges should be placed as
1: One charge placed on the tear venturi.
i,.
2: One charge placed on lhe ront venluri. i.
l_"
3: One charge placed roughly ove lhe warhead area |-
l.
2O0-3O0 mm rom lhe ront o the lube. i
4: Link all charges and demolish simullaneously. |'.
b: Roc<et ln fube br.rt fube exlended
This cou|d be a rnis-fire or a hang-lire.
Apiroach lhe tube rom lhe side. Ascerlain i the tube is
ernply rom a distance. l lhe lube is empfy. it can be
discarded, i ull il rnust be tealed with exlreme caution.
CAUTloN
PoslTloN DEMoLlTloN cHARGEs VERY
CAREFULLY AS MOVEiENT COULD FUNCT|ON THE
RocKET
Prepare three demolilioncharges and place in the
positions, temoiely if possible:
.ollovdng
1: One char_oe in ront o the lube.
?: One charge'in the rear o ihe tube. p''..
3: One charge over lhe warhead which is now
ciirectly under lhe frrino butlon. Cover 4-5 inches to
ensue the v,erhead is destroyed.
c: Rocket found loose
As a piezo-eiectric uze is fitled any ja; could slress the
cnystals and unction the warhead.
Thereore approach lhe warhead careully and posilion
charges as ollor.rs:
1: Place charge beside lhe vrarhead. bul not touching
it. ensure the delcord iqitiates it at 90o. By pressing
down on the donor charge. it will spread oul lo
louch the rockel without moving it.
2: Place a second charge halfway dorvn lhe rocket
molor. place very careully. and ensue it is al 9Co.
3: No urther charges are required. but char_oes
should be prepared and linked up wilh'detcord
Prior to, Placing'
CAUTioN
G|VE SOME THOUGHT TO THE DIRECT|ON OF THE
SHAPED CHARGE lN cAsE lT SHoULD FUNcTloN.
WHEN FlRlNG ENSURE YOU OBSERVE THE
DEMOLITION FROM A SAFE AREA TO ENSURE THE
RocKET ls NoT K|cKEo oUT. lF WoRRIED BY KlcK -'
oUT. Pt-AcE AN oPPoSlNG. CHARGE DIRECTLY
oPPoslTE THE WARHEAD CHARGE, THls WILL
CAl.lCEL Ai,1Y llOVEhlEt{T ,AND FU}ICTION THE
.-
- ,,,,,ARHEAD. _- -:'
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 Description
he RKG-3lr4 is conslrucled rom spun and pressed lighl
guage steel tubing. tne boby is in three sections; lhe
hollovr nose or sland-of seclion reinorced with six tibs lo
plevenl impact dislortion. lhe main body holding the cone
Operotion
The grenade is gripped in the thiowing hand, lhe saety_
, pin and ring are removed and the gtenabe is thrown. The-
wide lethal radius o lhese grenades necessilales lhrowing
rom cover or dropping onlo a larget rom a lall building. .!:

and explosive. and lhe end seclion holding the detonator

On throvring. lhe deploying weight momentarily overcomes
and boosler: lhis seclion is externally lhreaded lo eccept
lhe resislance o the closing spring exlending the handle
lhe handle.
suiciently or lhe satey lever and end cap lo all away.
The handle contains the percussion striker. deploying The drogue deploying spring orces lhe drogue oul o lhe
vreight, inenia plunger. and drouge. An end cap vlith t'ixed handle, lhe drogue is deployed by the our coil springs and
lev'er and saely lever closes lhe handle. lhe lrailing weight. The grenade iies nose orward. Upon
There is no convenlional delay lrain, the grenade striking the larget the inertia plunger slrikes the rear o lhe
explodes on impact.
percussion striker moving it orward a ew millimelresunlil
lhe slriker reiaining balls escape; lhe striker is propelled
For rnaximum efecl the had o the grenade should strike orward by its spring to jre the stab detonator. t boosler
lhe tagel armour at 9oo, the purpose o lhe droue is lo and rnain charge. The main char9e converls the copper
achieve his; lhe drouge is opened by our coil springs and liner inlo a plasma jet which penelrates lhe sland-of nose
has a vleight aitached lo the closed end lo increase and lhe armour o lhe laroet.
stability,
Disposol
Specificofions
l ound wi{h the saety pin in place, check all round or
iNoie lhe dimensions given or the RKG-3i\4 in many booby lraps. when salis'ied. splay the ends o the, pin 1o
;eerence books are or lhe smal|er RKG-3) pevenl accidental rernoval. The handle can be unscrewed
Lenglh: 397 mm rom lhe boCy seperating lhe slriker rom ihe delonato.
Diameter o vyarhead: 76 mm 'l ound vlilhout the saety pin or saety lever the grenade
We|ohl: 1.07 Kg should be detonated by a donor charge placed in close
proximily to the main body vlith the charge detcnalor al
ixclcsive charge: RKG-3h4 - TNT.RDX 45i553/g
90l lo lhe grenede.
Charge vlei,ohi,: RKG-3i4 - 0.567 K9
3oosIer: Teiryl/PETN
Fuze,. lrnpact
Fraclical throwing
ranoe 2C-25 Metres
Lethal radius: 20 Metres
Armour penetration,
HomogenoUs Plate]
Colour:
h4arkings:
RKG_3M - 165 mm
yellowish olive Green or Black
A stylised represenlalion o a '/-
?/t /
hollow charge is embossed on
lhe nose and handle o the t)
RKG-3M

Y!
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32,i
RKG-3M ANTI-AR^OUR GiilNAD

Sc,ctggt vic* ol RKG-3M 1{, PLuGER |MPEDENC BALLS

(
t- sTANo oFF NosE 15: lMPEDENCE SPR|NG
2. BbDY 16 cRoGU DPLoY|NG sPRlNG
3: COPPER NQS 17: sLlolNG coLLAR
..; CI-(AR6 - TNTIROX l8, DRoGUe oPEN|NG sPRlNG ({}
5 BocsTER 19: GUIO TUB
c: STA3 DONATOR 2c. DFloGt,E {coTToN)
7: cLoslNo sPalNG 2t: DRoGUE wElGHT
s, DEPLoYIH6 WE}6HT 22: I-{^NDLE
9: PERcuss}oN STF|K3R 23: NDcAP
10. sTRIKER sPRlNo 2a: SAFETY LEVER
t l: STRKR HoUslNG ?5: COTTER Plx
12: RESTR^INING E.AILS 2a. FlxED LEvR
13. |NERTlA PLUNGER 27: LEVER RTA|NING B^(L
Descripion Fuzes
Tlrere is a vea v.,ide range o standard 40 mm grenade the 40 mm gtenade is firej lhrough a riled barrel l
|;lrnchets and grenade ammunition, and as such 'a requires several saety/arming atureslo prolect
setection is covered in lhis entry, Mosl 40 mm ammunilion personnel handling lhe ammunilion pioto iring. Tt:i:
:s cornpalible y/llh most launchers. lhe main dierence is achieved lhrough several means via lhe u:
Y.,elh lhey ae high or low velocity. mechanism.
iO :lrn launchets are based on the Arnerican projecli|e All fuzes conlain a sel-back pin which jams lhe arr.n
and cornp3lible launchers ae M76. M2O3 and HK79. olo.peventing il rom rolating inlo the armed posiii
lhese 13Unches can take mosl low velocity ammunilion, The set-back pin ensures lhe delonalor remains ou:
alignment unlil lhe projectile is fired. On firing lhe set-b:
l-iigh velocity ammunitionare ClS 40 AGL. US h4K 19 and
pin vrithdravrs rom the rotor and allovrs lhe arnr
Spanish SB40. These launchers have lheir own range o mechanism lo rolale into lhe armed position. This is a
hioh velocily ammunition and should not be mixed with the
torl, r.eIocily stoes.
lhe saeiy delay lo arm limer, and pievenls the grer,:
rom being armed unli| it has lravelled several melers t
lhe.launcher. fuming tekes place 9 - 25 melers rom :
Types of Ammuniion launcher (depending on lhe ammunilion). The secon::
.',.ious;cunis o arrmunition ae available o4C !,nm
saely mechanism is a cenlriugal locking mechnani
h;t v,rill not release the escapernenl mechanism or r3:,
Iaunchers. and the list coniinues lo 9ovJ, listed belo,al are
the olor unlil lhe round has passed through a rifled ba;
a er.,,othe mosl common:
and imparled a spin o 3.60O revolutions per minute lo i
VlcD=L TYPE FUz| WE|GHT LENGTH p;ojeciiie. This saety mechanis;,n occus at lhe same li,
.
=
lli^, t\ J FlLL as lhe sel-back pin is remcved.
l./ra33 H:DP h4550 226,8 9m 1O2.87 mm The third saety system is alsc removed at lhe lirne
FRAG/SHAPED CRGE COMPA5.45 9m firing, These are the centriu_oal hammer weights. n,hi
lrap the firing pin into lhe rolor essembly and preve
;llc l PRAC i,lone 205 gm 102.67 mm .roialion into the armed position. Upon firing the impa:
YEL!-oVvioRANGE DYE DY spin allovs ihe hammer weights lo be lhrown ouh.Jci
|.4.C5 H= ll551 299.{ 9m 99 mm and release the sprun_o firin3 pin. The firing pin rele=s
H-iFRAG COMPts,32 9m the rotor assembly and allotr.s arming lo iake place. S
after firing, the sei-back pin is rernoved, the cenliJ,
|.l437A1 PP.AC }1551 226.8 9m 99 mm lock is released and,the hammer weights and l'irin_c i
YLLOV/,,OR.ANGE DYE DY release lhe rotor. Ater lhe rotor afming peiod is comri
t/,43A1 H3 lly,lPACT 221 gm 103 mm the round is ully armed and heading or its larget.
H=/FRG RDXITNT,a0 9m lvlost 40 mm rounCs have these saeiy eatues buili i;

Jril i H=DP SF8C1 gm 210 'lO9 mm lhe fuzing systern. The more rnodern grenades have
CGi
Ii=/FRAGISHAP=D CON4PAS. 40 9m base uze insead o e ncse uze bul unction in a sini
n,ianner.
|t715 Gr Srnk None 206 9m 1O0 mm

I7 17
SMOK= 15 Sec
Ye Srnk None 206 9m
SMK COMP
1OOmm '
Firing {

SlvlOKE 15 Sec SMK COMP On 'iring a 40 mm projectile rom a shoulder fired weap
a combined highAow oressure system is requirei.
114661 P/lllum None 110 grn 1C2 mm provide this the projectile unctions as ollows:
lLLUll 15 Sec lLLUt\4 1: The iring pin strikes the primer and lhe 'lash i9nites
ra:1 P/Illum None 2?O gm 102 mrn the propellant in the high pressure charnber,
ILLUM 15 Sec lLLUM 2: The burning propellant produces a pessure o up lc
35,000 psi wilhin lhe high pessuechamber, caus;
l./is76eT Sh/Gun None 2?7 9m 66 mm lhe brass powder charge cup to uplueal lhe venl
v'P Shotoun SABOT SHOT holes.
3: As lhe vent holes rupiue. the gasses escape into l
low pressure chambef and teduce lhe pressure lo
3,0 psi. which is sufficienl to propel lhe projectiie
thrcugh lhe barrel.

31
 1: Th_e_projectile leaves lhe barre wilh a muzzle velocity
o 76 nris and a right hand spin o 3.60O rpm.
5: This.spin slabilises lhe projeclile in flighl and
prov.ides the required cenliigal orc lo allow the
armlng sequence lo take place.
6: Smoke and llluminationcarlridges operale in a
slighllydierenl way, in as muh as, on firing, a
pyrotechnic delay is ignited and on expiralio o the
delay !_!9 smoke or illuminationcomp{silion is ignited
and will burn or a pre-delermined period o tim. The
grenades do nol ave a uze and are soIely
dependanl upcn ignition during iring.
7i Orie exception lo these syslems s the M576E1
mulliple projeclile round. This round is a shot gun
round tha consisls o a SABOT wilh shol gupe|lets
inside. On tiring, the SA8OT is erpelled rdm te
barrel towards lhe tar9et. The air pockets in the
SABCT slow il doaln in light and the shol gun pellels
(whichretain lhe velocil.y) conlinue lowardthe target
spreading oul in a large an.
lmpo
1: Mosl HE rounds oprate in a similar manner. on
Demoliion of Grenodes
o: Unfircd grsnodes
Complele rounds o unrred grenades should b"
inspected lo ensure lhe percussion cap has not ""r"tul
bee
slruck and no dents or damage is visible. Once sure !i^
round is unjred and undama9ed, il can be saely remove
to a place o deslruction.
ii:,i;-..
Demolition o 40 mm grenades is achieved by placing
single charge ovr lhe head and carlridge o the projecli
and initiating lhe charge at 9@ lo lhe grenade.
b: Fire d grenodes
Alliredgrenadesmustbetreatedwilhextremecaution.
CAUTIoN
NEVER MoVE oR FIRE GRENADE As lT WILL E:
FULLY ARMED, AND MAY HAVE RECEVED ;
Gt-A,NclNG BLow. AND BE lN AN EXTREMEL.
sENslTlVE coNDTloN.
ldenlify lhe act lhal it has be fired by:
a -, ..-,

impact, lhe hammer.rnleights are driven into lhe firing :

1: Check or any denls or damage lo the ogive.
-_-.-
pin, the firing pin strikes ihe delonalor and lhe main- iJ:!-': .
'_j.'_j5r
charge is initiated. 2: lnspecl the driving band/rotaion band for riling ;,,-,.',1:,,:
J|_';1ji:,
2: HEPD rounds have a shaped charge. and as such marks.
require an initialion al lhe rear o lhe charge. This is .
achieved by mea.ns o a spit back uze. Te spit-baci
3: l a smoke round. check lhe rear emission porls lo
l-,.,,-j-,_.
t, .':,
,

ensue the mixlure has burnl o,

uze produces a jel blast that is thrown back t the
rear o the shaped charge and initiates a boosler 4: l a practice round, be aware o the possibility o a
w,hich delonales the main charge and forces lhe small bursling charge.
explosion lo lake place behind lhe copper cone ln all cases. fired rounds should be des',royed in siiu b..
causing the usual charge efect. placing a small charge beside the projectile nd detonatini
Praclice rounds, with uzes. con|ain a small bursting it at 900 to lhe round_
charge which operales on impact and senCs oul a ;: ::],, :
cloud o dye lo indicale lhe sirike.
ii:--l,
: .,.;
Practice rounds with no uze contain a raqile ogive
-
i _.. 1'],
which shalers on impacl and a cloud o oange or !-.,ij'-
yellow dye is emitled.
|r.' --':
Other practice rounds, wilh no fuze. contain a cenlral
-

sleel core that on impacl conlinues lo travet orvrards

and erpel a signal dye.
4: Many o the nera anges o 40 mm projectiles have
base uzes which arm in lhe same manner as lhe
nose uze s}lems. On impact the base f0zes lend to
opeale on an inerlia firing sfstem as opposed lo a
direcl firing syslem.
Many of these projectiles have a 12 - 15 second sel
deslrucl syslem which is igniled on irino. Afler firing.
i lhe projctile ails to slrik-e a larget. a iyrotechnic-'
delay pellel will explode the grenade on'expiration o
lhe lime delay.

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 Description Render Sofe Procedure'
The 1.4-79 is an alnrost exacl copy o lhe Russian l lhe saety pin and ly-ohandls
RKG_3M; lhe most nolicable diference being lhal lhe in place
"re
gyenade is sae lo move or disposal. l lhe.saeiy
pin
handle retaining seclion o lhe M-79 is o slightly greater ly-ohandles are missing lhe grenade cannot be al
;

diameler.
The grenade is made rom drawn and pressed lighl guage
sleel. The body is in three seclions; the sland-of-noie
r.lith six slrengthening pressed ribs; the main body
containing the shaped charge and cone; and lhe end cap
with a lhrcaded prolrusion or atlaching the handle.
The ,handle conlains he impacl slriker,
deploymenl assembly and lhe drogue.
An end cap ii held by tvlo ly of handles. the longer one
o vrhich is reiained by a saety pin.
There is no delay lo arming.
The main charge is Hexolile (55% RDX, 54% TNT 1%
\^/ax). The manuacturers, SDPR o Beograd claim a
penetralion o 220 mm o armour plate, 170 mm is
probably more accurate.
handled.
Disposol
Grenades wilhoul saely pins and |y-ohandles shc,
be destroyed in situ.
drogue
Explosive Descruion
A,charge should be placed by lhe nose o lhe grena,
with lhe delonalor aligned axially vrith lhe grenade. T
will disrupt the jet. A second charge should be placed
lhe main body (body section wilhoul ribs). remember ti
the handle will probably be projected or some dislance.

Specificotions
Toal lngih: 397 mm
Diameter o body: 76 mm
Weight: 11o0 +/- 50 gms
Explosive weight: 4o0 gms booster
Practical lhrowing
ran9e: 25 melers
Lethal acius: 20 melers
,azard radius: 70 melers
penetration o
homogeous plale: 17O - 220 mm
Colour: Green or Black

Operotion
The' 9renades are packed with separate delonatorl
booslers. The ahndle altaching piece is unscrewed. the
handle removed and a deionalor inserled into the recess
in the body end cap.
The grenade is gripped in lhe lhrowing hand. lhe saety \\F;-;
\-_ -

pin pulled out and the genade is throvr'n rom cover or

dropped rom a lall building. The ly_ohandles open
releasing lbe end cap. The drouge is deptoyed by the
deploying weight and spring orienling the grenade lo hit ._.:...
the large nose l'irsl. Upon impact lhe inerlia plunger :- ,^

slrikes the firing pin moving it orvcrd unlil tvyo retaining kJ r,.l
s.. ,-,.
balls are released. The firing pin is now spring driven onl l
the.de.tonalor iring lhe boosler and main charge. The [-,-,:'
conical liner is converled inlo a plasma jet which
penelrales lhe laget. :,,.
l-,,.,.
llr -.:

i :, "
|-_
|,

..a') txoNly AppAREl.iT DlFFRENcE BETwEEN THE M-79 r

,--_ : ANo THE RXG.3M ls THs LARGER D|AMETER oF
THE
THREADEo TUBE.JoIN.|N HANDLE To BooY oN
THE M.;
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Description Operotion
Tne Chinese Type 72 anli-tank mine is plastic and Pressure on lhe lop o |he mine disions lhe pi;
consists o lhtee main elemenls: the lop plale with a trin9ing the stenglhened cenlre sclIon irilo contacl ,,

cenle ring reinorced wilh radial ribs surrounding lhe uze

lhe lop o lhe uze. The uze u;rctions explodin9
weil and cover; lhe internal plate wilh a well or the boosler and main charge.
booster charge: and lhe boltom seciion wilh a recessed
hand|e and a filler cap. A uze well sits over lhe boosler, Arming
There is no anti-lift uze well, The components ae
cernented logelhe. Dig a hole deep enough lo allovl 4C,6C --
"ou"r,i"]"
and place'the mine in lhe hoie. Flt a delonalor lo the r
The standard uze is resistant lo ove pressure clearance unscew the uze v.rell cap. Remove lhe plaslic saely
yslenls. rom lhe uze and place lhe uze in the uze well. Repi
The nrine conlains minimal metal componenls in lhe uze the cap and cover lhe mine.
end is dificull lo delect by localor.
Render sofe procedure
S pecificotio n s
The uze can be removed. 6Lr1 63nnot be rencjered l
Dia;rreier: 27O mm wiihoul the saely clip.

rming
Height: 100 mm
lVeight: 6.5 kgs Diso :

Erplcsive rT eight: 5.,1 kgs TNT,RDX (50/50) plus Carry out a 360csweep atound the mine, Uncover ihe :,,1-,,
35 9m PETN boosler
o :he mine. Probe careully beneath the mine or b.e, l';_..
pressure: 3OO kgs (manuacturers spec) traps. l sae, unscrevl lhe u:e well cap and cateuli; i-.
'
3perating
Co|our: Pale olive green out the uze. Holding lhe uze by the |ower hal unsc i;::

Markings: None
the detonator and remove i,,,.',,-:l:

Fuze
Tne mcsl common is the TYP72 blast resislanl uze.
The uze is moulded rom ciear plasiic with a yellow plastic
detonalor plUg.
The body is a plug vrith tvlo holes inlo which locale sleel
ba|ls reiaining the slriker. a plastic block with a moulded
steel pin. The ouler case has an H shaped cut out with
one upright shoder than the other and an angled cross
piece and two slots. A lug on the lower cylinder locaies in
lhe cul ou! and is held in the lower position by the slriker
spring pressure.
Sleady pressure on the top of lhe uze allows the lug lo
engage in the crcss slot o lhe H. rolating lhe ouler sleeve
sc lhat the slots line up with the ho|es or the steel balls, a
ew rnore millimetres o movernent allows lhe baIls to
escape reeing lhe slriker to fire the percussion delonalor.
Sudden pressure keeps the lug in the long uprighl o lhe H
so lhe sleeve does nol rolale and the balls remain
tapped.

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 MlNE WARFARE SERIES VOLUM,E 1

WAffisAW
PACT, .+

MlNEs
coMPlLED AND WRITTE}.| BY PAUL JEFFtrRSoN

ILLUSTRATIoNS AND DESIGN BY LYN HAYVooD

lLLUSTRATIONS
DESCRlPTloNS
TECH N l cA.L SPEcl Fl cATl oN S

METHoDS oF oPEFlATloN
ARMlNG PROCEDURES
NEUTRAL|SlNG
DlSARMlNG
BOOBY TRAPS
PUBLISHED BY MILTRA ENGINEERING LTD
1
\
 CoNTENTs
lNTBoDUcTloN PAGE 3
NoTEs oN NoMENct {TUHE PAGE 4
cYHlLl,c _ ENGusH PAGE 4
soVlET DEMo LJTloN AccEso Bl Es PAGE 5
soVlET D EMoLJTlo N cc Eso BlEs PAGE 6
BOOBYTRAPS PAGE 7
BOOBYTRAPS PAGE 8

NTl_PFRSoNNEt ANTI-TANK

{PM PAGE 8 TMRP-6 PAGE 20

MUV FUZE PAG TMA-s
9 PAGE?2
MUV-a3 FUZE PAGE TMA-4
11 PAGE 24
}JUV-4 FUZE PAGE 13 TMA-3 PAGE 26
VPF FUZE PAGE 15 TMA-2 PAGE 28
NM RJZE PAG 17 TM.1 P^GE 30
Ro-1 FUZE PAGE 1" TMM-1 PAGE 32
Ro_8 R,zE PAGE 21. P-Mi-Ba_lll PAGE 34
PoMz-2M PAGE 23 P-Mi-Ba-ll PAGE 36
STAKE MlNEs PAGE 25 P-Mi-K PAGE 38
PMR-2A PGE 27 F-Mi-D PAGE 40
P},lR_3 PAGE 29 U}(A_63 PAGE 42
PP-Mi-Sr .PAGE 3,i PM-60 PAGE 44
oZM.3 PAGE 33 TM-62M PAGE 46
OZM-4 PAGE 35 TM-52P PAGE 46
ozM-72 PAGE 37 TM_57 PAGE 4t}
ozM-160 PAGE 39 TMN-46 PAGE 50
PBoM PAGE 41 TM.46 PAGE 50
MoN.50 PAGE 43 TMK-2 PAGE 52
MoN-90 PAGE 45 TMD-B PAGE 54
MoN-10o PAGE 47 TM-l.{qt PAGE 56
MoN-20o PAGE 47 TM-38 PAGE 58
MRUD PAGE 49 MNV-72 FUZE PAGE m
PPM-2 PAGE 51 L$/P-62 FL ZE PAGE2
PMN PAGE 53 M\lz-62 FUZE PAGE 64
PMN_2 PAGE 55 M\z-57 FUZE r/\uE b
GYATA PAGE 57 MVsH RJZE PAGE 68
PMD_ PAGE 59 MVM FUZE PAGE 70
PMA-1 P.qGE 61 MV-5 PAGE 72
PMA-2 PAGE 63
PMA-3 PAGE 65
Ms-3 PAGE 67 tJr..-_
VP-13 coNTFlol t trR PAGE 69 ;l: ".

MVE.72lNTlAToB PAGE7l ,,ri:

i1.. " _

AlR DEt VFFIEn MlNtr UJDERWTEFI MtNtrs i,.:

l, '':';
l\
PoM-2s PAGE 10 SPM UMPET MINE PAGE 16
l
-,-
,,

=FM.1 PAGE 12 PDM-lM PAGE 18

PGMDM PAGE 14

MINE MABKINGS PAGE 73

MlNE MARK|NGS PAGE 74
SoVlET AND WARSAW PACI MlNts

lNTRoDUcTloN
1. GENERAL
.s will havo a good working knowlodge ol rninr
il assumed lhat anyono using rhb manual will bo a cornbat ongineor and
points. Dotails o novgmont in mined aroas. clcaranco drilb
war{are. l have lhereoro triod to avoil bbouing bas'n or destruct'lon in situ are outsi*
weignts and
ptrllng drilb. mine counlor measure. renoto c'harge -how"v.r Placement
"n"tl"a
the scopo o thb book-r," onu uaiic principre]r,"t i *m
n'nr6rrt is lhat mines should a}*aYs be Pllled as
l * situat'ron makes th's unacceable o
must be assumed that'an rnine may ui u"ori"pp"a
when the tact'rcal
9"
impossible that lhe other methods outlined should bo emplaye,

2.'DAMAGED MINES
with coltaPsed, darnage
rom mines such as TM-46. TM-57, TM-62. Ul(A,63 and TMM'1
Flemoval o scre* in type uzEs,s
and hazaidous. AnY deormal'ton in lhe mine can result in the uz
or traversed pfessure ptates unpredbtable
such as a "Calder, device
unctioning while being unscrewod. n romote'-uns.i"*in9 .""ha.r,:i should be omployod
mines as shown,
Thgse can be made in most workshops and desned to it diterent

3. lGNITOR and ACCESSORIES .;.

ir,'
their mine wadare and domolit'lon Lccessorie:
soviet and warsaw pact standarsation shows itsel{ to advantage h
Ii
to bo used in many configurat'rrcns, Thos
l.

Commonalrty o threads and littin allrrws uzes and accesiorbs

prepared lo come across erent ones, Many rnines ar
configurations shown are the most common encountered. be 'te TM,62P and M using M\Z'62, MVN'72 an
indicated as baing empbyed with rnore th.";;;t}p";ii;r";."nitor,
l..\l!-..82. l.:
,,lese cases krok up the diterent tuzl! in rhe luze and Qnhor section.or more detailed inormation, Th
i. the NM electro mechan,rcal inhiator me3ns that any mhanical initiated mine or demolii'ron acoessor
\,,. .rd MD type thread ca noy be electrical
jnitiated by;" $"tectr'rcal, sebrn'rc, breakwire, vibration c
tirne trcay uze.

4. -BOOBY TRAPS
shown,
y{here mines are designed to be used whh part,rcubr anti_titt and booby trap mochanisms these are
lhroughout thg book once again lhesg are on the
mo:
Many ditlerent types of improvbe! dev,r9 are abo ind,rcated
com*on and ar not onv rolevant in the situations shown,

5. DEFlNlTloNS
Neutral'sing
passage o a larget, usually.by.replacement o saety element
Flendering a mine incapabte o operating as desbned on
ol rtre iri'ng chain irtat and maY remain dangerous '
or pins. When neutrax, o mine will u".l]ii"n" com$nents-
mine,
oiiOru. Neutralbat'ron b usual reversable to re-arm the

Disarming detonalor and tt

saa usual
mnlata}w sale.
Bendering a mine complete rrsuallv l breaking the ing clhain by removal o the uzg ano
separat'on o these elements.

3
 I

NOMENCLTURE AND MARK|NGS - SoVlET MlNES

1, Sov'rot mino wadaro.,:'.d eguiprnenl ernploys a basic sstom o nomencbrura. Undorstan'ong
*T.]bncan
and lhe Bussian (cYrillh) alphabet rno system
elp irr ntitying .mines. or parl o mines, rom tho btlering
Unortunale lhgro aro many oxcoil,bns. vailtbn" und o,iptlrns on them.
ro irre uasic l| these
.rl9-9 .llgvlttenc
incons.tstenc.res can
cause conusbn. "yri"r,
Howevor, lhere are obYious alantages to being able to idnt.y an apparenl jnnocous ompty container marked
orxllo-ZG (KPFM'I or KPOM,2S}, as the dpensor contairier pru-t Kn*n,1-1 |.:li,i_
or poM_2 mines, which may be in the j

v'tcinity. "it.
2. THE BAslc sYsTEMs
Anti'Personnel mines are general rnarked PM (Anti-Personnel Mine), but lhero
are numerous excefl,,ons. (such as
OZM), Additional letters are addod to donotg the materbl o naluro o tho mirre.
Leners iollcwing the numbors indicate
rnodembgd mines or rnines with se-deslruct capabilities (PFM-Is or PoM-2S).
meaning. see the table.
s"""r"r bfters have more lhan one
General purpose mines aro ofton marked M2D or mino. delayed action, PMD
for anti-hnding rnine. Training mines are
general proixed U.
Anti'tank mines are generalV.m?._k^-d
malerial or sPecial oatures OMN-46 , Il..! [un!Y Mrly), with the addition o other letters ind,rcating either the main
TM.46 wit antrrt a"rt,-ruu44 wooaen anii]unr< mine model .t944).
mines maY have the modifying letters after the number Some
crM-62M. u-ezp, ru-szl lnl;;"g Vpo o materbl in a ami
o mines.
3. FUES
Mechanical or chernicat uzes arg rnarked V or explode6 olectrical
uzes aro marked Z or.circuit closer (although th.s
lettar can abo hd'rcate a boosler in the uze}.
Ekh b used or ebcirrr-chemical cornbinardn uzes and ch means a cbckwork
uze. sh incicates an exlenslrrn rod.
4, Nurnbers reer to either the model year CrM-62M). type (ozM-4). duratbn
(ozM-160). o dehy (chMV,16), or even calibre

CYRILLlC ALPHABET

cYRlLLlc NATo STANAG cYRlLLlc NATo STANAG

A a A P p R
B .6 B c c s
B B V T
r r G y

y
T
U
A D o Q F
E e Ye, el) x x Kh
E.
e Yo q !( Ts
xC }t( zh q r{
ch
3 z m uI sh
H a :" . -,
trI ul Shch
H l, Y ,b ..2) -H,
a i

K K K bI Ll
i !,
Y
JI Jr L b b
.3)
M t M L-
3 3 E
H H N rc lo Yu ;

o o o n Ya
I
:.
n
,{ .

n P

,
l,
 l,
l

SOVlE-l UL,MULl l lL,'l\ c\-{L,l, lytt-l l

brger contained i
varbus sizos, tho smatler wraPPd i'l 1 P9'P",the sevoral, thrgado<
Soviot domol?t.on chargos are manuaturod.'rrjr",',irrylg ;HP". typu tin".o with oilhor one. or
sh.ost metal -"". *itt,ilil ""a
Fo*atuminium sockels set hrto tho Trotyl The throat
welb lor dotonators. Tho wax F}apo snallbr;;,9",i;1detonator
1trielaeoto bg littgd to the domolhbn block thus creating a
an usu
sizg b M7o. thb ullc*. mine-izs fitred with
improvbod mine.

l,

f,,i

4O09m Trotyl Demolit'ron Block 50 x 5O x 100mms

1

i:

SZ-3 Demolit'on Charge 65 x 171 x 337rtms

t.
1

52-6 Demolition Chargo 98 x 1{5 x 395mms

SZ-3a Dgmolilion Charge 98x't42x2Oomms

5
 DETONATORS AND lG NTOBS

EDPr Elactrical Detonator with rotating threaded cap

.'z

^

j' , _':.
' .;, ",_

!a._*-,
r... n .

CALDER DEV|CE
Thb ' an improvbed device to remove the uze caps and tilt rods rom TM_46 and TMN_46 AT mines. The dev,rce
consit
: a wooden sheave with a central hole shaped to iit ttre scalloped uze cap on lhe mine. Fxed to rne sheav"'.n
*ouno
around it.b a }engrth o strong cord or lexible wire with a looped end. The heave b placed on to the uze and
the loop in
the cord's connecled to a longer cord so theal lhe device can be operaled rom a se dbtunce. pulling the cord
rotates
the uze cap until it b unscrer,ved and 's ptrlled out o the mine.

1=t={

6
Mines may be booby traPpd irr a varbty o ways,
conta'n a boostor wih a threaded cav or, a slandard uzo.
some mirros havo wolb or anti_handlirg uzes, thoso usual
(soo M9,3 mhe),
.*ii]-+S), othors ro on Fr&rsur6 r,toa"o.
's givon bentiicalion o lhe mine
lrnprov.sed boobytraps ar6 mora hazardous as thero no hilicatbn o lhek Proseno6
it, -t.
bo a
,._,.*" o improv.sed boob/ lps aro shown below. those oxamples aro an ind'rcat'ron on and'o not PrrPort to
deinative lbL
hrcat'lons such as enlargred holes, odd wires or protrusions,
CAUT|ON - Any mine may bo booby trapped, search or
olbw basic procedures.

Horar hl# u&rmip

btnb
hl luza lk hlo mortar bnb
vrhpckilg

Ektfr &lotplorh vn antitankmihc,

l4fun b Hb opnadtho ma,f b glkd
on to lh fup cottzpblhg the alectfulcicttl

-c
e7l
Wa*aPmha vlh ,''.
@dfu tyivdto
lha an
..
andtarstaka vhan llp mip ltdttep,t
b ptlhdtawn

t*tnolibt bfuk wirh a pl luza.

Thepilpt b tutedlo hemna
caayhghand,b,

Twa shets ol metal gauze arc seprclad

Hand qrcna& usd wih slaka miza. The gteaa&
bya n|tg such as a bap olan btt, Ptessute on
b we@hfrce andthe saleyph wlhawn
the 7auze orce.s lhetrt hlo contact comy'elng
hlllthg tlle mthe slake rebases lhe armng handb
tha akttbalcieul
7
BOOBY TRAPS

T m,has ripad to &al mha mlbs

orbtb.

Ftessue, (t ea a), m,hes hlr# arcund the rathl

vhee the kip wies cnss, at thb pht alenlba
b concentraldupa lhe lrtpwties

Tensba tnp uie. The ph b heH in frce i:-j!:,,

Q lhe nie psslhg lhrcugh the rlg l:.'*

}!i.i :'j

*.,.:.,:

Taasbd lnp uie. The pie psses thrvugh

lhe salep)z ho,b th lhe stnkar

ia

PtP (AnliPersanne/fttolmhe) b a l1/L12 *si7a

/inha a 7 )am Tabz-,l -,r.J+g wAa |^ l^^ b --,ah
 ./r
.,

MUV lGNlToR

9-
GJ
t g-UL-l
N

d) Trip wire -
Description Fasten trip wire to anchor and ten io loop end,ed
MUV is one o the mosl common used and cor*l,d Soviet Bernove straht pin.
lonitors. and can be made o metal or fiast'r, Dopending e) Tsnsion release -
oii applicat'on it can be activated by, ryn (POMZ,2),
*.""Lr" (PMD,6). or lension release (POMZ-2), A ptll o Wilh on straht plin in inner hole, scrar detonalol
lpp.oximut"Y O.Stt<g or pfessuo o 2-15k5 b required base o nitor.-Scrar assemb into minE. Atiach trip
to remove th'e strikeiretaining pin- Two types o retaining to ancho and run trip wire to rnine. Pull triplire tl

oin are used Loop endod or prrll, and wingied or pressuro ovor prposit'roned nail or simibr. dev'r9 and aita
lppficat'rons. There 's abo a combinalbn pin which outer'hole o MUV slriker. Ensur trip wire suppo1
both these unct'tons as with the B0-1, Most, spring pressuro. Gent remove straight pin.
"i.Uln",
but not all, Muv's have an additional hole in tho striker or
the insert'ron o a transicocking pn. With th's pin in place
the strker wiil not conlact the percussbn cap, see illristrat'ron lor othor methods.

Method of Operation N eutralising

Removat o the striker retaining pin allrrws the striker, See Anti-perconnel mines POMZ,z and PMD,6,
under spring pessure. lo move on,rrard and strike a S'ecure striker retaining 5in h MUV \7nitor using tri1
percussbn p screwed into the base o lhe MUV, or adhesive laoe. For lons'ron relrlase insert nail or p
 PoM-2s JP SOATrERABLE TRlPWlRE oPERATED MlNE

i:.':iit

il
.!!

%
Ab
_d

/.r=i\\
.: 3 l'},
:l; o
\--l ";]

)escription 3. Ater a etv secon O"tuy another glmtachnic charge

blows the cruciorm alloy to ot the mine, releasing th4
POM-2S b a scatterable metal y'P mine wh.rch can be spring baded trip wire spoob to deploy the trip wirs and
19nloyod rom BM-22 rockets and helr,oper mounled at the sarne tirrre arming the main igioi
jispensers. Each mine alb
to earth in u conlainer 4. Aler. arm!ng.. a tght pull on any o tho trip wires will
-om.which it b ejected. The eliected
,prighl
".ii.,
mine stan as an ca.use_lhe plivoting arm !n the top o lhe mine lo rotale,
rylindor erected { six jpring badd ins rvhbh lig releasing the cocked striker to initiate lhg dotonator anci
.at cn the ground. Beore t b arrneO lhe rnine
has a main. ch_argc. scatering raomentation over a 1O-Srn
ruciorm alloy top which b blown of as part o the ant
ddoy the .Y. shaped 9.5m trip wiresi
lothal radius.
._T.u:l!".lo
I\CM-2S has a sel destrucl rneihanbm, 23 irours b Dehy to sol destruct b by spring lension on an adhesive
known - other lirnes are probab ' compound which ater a set delay pri causes the rnain
avaihble.
nitor to unction.
fech n ical Specif ication
lxplosive Content Unknown Neutralising
'otal \{t Unknown
Thb mine cannot bg noutralbed.
.ciivating pult 0.$1k9
)eteclion: Visual. Tp wire, Feelers. Locator
trip wire operaled balt retained cocked
Disarming :
ffilnt"srat. Dbarming cannot be sae achbved. POM-2S shouH ba |-
destroyed by romote attack i.g. rile ire rom covor.
vtethod of Operation & Arming
l,

l, a manual approach b essent'ral to place oxlosive

Jl deployment and arming_sequences or POM-2S are by charge, do not touch the trip wires. ,,.... ,.

' "-l:.
series o pyrotechnic chins.
!: _,
CUT/OIY
,

. The rnines in their streamer stabilbed carrier containers P ..

re_ deoyed rorn the d'spensors by a p/rotochnb

charge ,,-.-.-
h'lch abo hitiates tho whole- p/iotechnic armig Tho sg destruct mechanbm often aib on lhese mines L

aqUenGg. aying a proportbn o armed and dangerous mines. _,]

Tel_lale signs o POM-2S pesonco are empty carrier
_

. After_ hnding on the ground the mhro b expelled rom ccllainers, streanrs and cruciorm alby mine tops.
te carrier conlainer by a propelhnt charge and b erecte,d
y the six spring loaded ins.

10
MUV_z AND MUV_3 lGNlToRS

tl

o{B t,

/.'\a::
\r^J 9. _
z-r (_:t
\_/.l_ :

Description c) Removo arming 5in. MUV,2 & MUV,3 will be arrned

about 2$30 minutes. Once removed lor rnore lhan a e
MUV-2 b a rnoied MUV nhor with a lead strip arming
seconds tho arming pin cannot be replaced
delay mechan'sm which gives a delay to arming o
approximate 2S3O minutes. h can ba activated by
pie"su,e (PMD-6) or pull (POMZ,Z). The bo, b metal Neutralising
and a prll o approximateby 0.$1kg b roquired to remove
the siriker retaining pin. See Antipersonnol mines POMZ,2 and PMD-6.
MUV-3 appears to be irJentical to MUV,2 oxceS or a clip Secure striker retaining 6in h nitor using tp wire ,

on the ser retaining pin to increase the amount o p,tll adhesive tape. ln pesure appl'rcation rotaie through 1t
required to remoye the pin to approximate 1.$6kgs. degrees so that strker retaining pin cannot be ptshed oui

For pressure operat'on both ignitors requ're approximate

1,$10k9s to lunct'ron. Disarming
Hgmove nitor assemb rom mine holding lhe siri\
Method of Operation retaining pXn in Pace. Separaie ignitor rorn the detonator.

When thg arming pin 's withdrawn the pesure ol the

stnkor spring caues a sleel wire to start cutting through_a
a o approxirnate 2$30
CAUT/oil
lead deiay itrip. Atter delay
minutes de wire cuts through thg lead strip and allows the The MU2 or 3 can be used as a tirne deby uz
striker to move orward to be rotained by tho rotahi"g pn, Bemoval ol the striker retaining ;in will allow the dl
After th's stag. ramoval o thg rotaining pn by a plll on perird to start. Onco the lead strip b cut through. t
the trip wire or possuro apprlcation will allow the strikgr to
's roe to initbte the percussbn cap. Deby tim
inhiate a porcussion cap whbh in tum initiates the can "r,
"trit be increased by using diferent lead stps.
delonalor.

Arming
a) Scro.rr detonator into i7nitor base and placo in mino or
chargo.
b) Attach trip wire to anchor and then to retaining pin i
appl'tcable.
11
 PFM_1 A/P SCATrERABLE PRESSURE BLST MINE

a
9'>t q-
"s u \ (i'r

V:
0.P
-!.^
92

. hessure on alhatf olmiae fu?

2 Forces hud erpbstva mo uze @
3 Forcing daptragm uprat togeth er wth centml
pad oluze
4. Belainiag b/b /at| hobr
ottl ol stnker
5 Free_ing stnker to *v *tonala4, fuser and ftuil

Description explosive to move a detent s}eeve. The sbeve moves until

fhe PFM-1 's made rom low dens pohene. The body
rs bulbous at one end containing the main charge with
uze th
running thrugh the central section. the iest o the
cody b a ht soct'ron wh'rch acts as a stab{ifiser. The mine
:omes in numecus coiours hcluding grass green, dark
3reen. brown and white. }t can be deirvred d scaitoring
rom hel'rcofl,ers, aimable containers, 2d)mm mortars and
2rot}ab.rocket syslems. h 's usual employed as an
area denial woapon| in clusters rangin rom 10O0 to 6@O
llnes.
A version desnated PFM-IS b also produced which b
Jesigned lo selt destruct after approximatety 24 hours.
Tech n ical Specifications
Explosive Gontent 35-4O9m lQuid explosive
otalwt 709
)etection: Visual, tocator(sudace search in long grass)
\ctivating pressure: Skg
;:uze: MVDM
orVGM.572 hydraulicalV operated ball
etained cocked striker with tttay -gr-'-
Method of Operation
lVhen the_mine b ected rom its dolivery syslem a
etaining clip b pulled away. Thb clip holds lhe minos in
rairs and also prevents rnovernent o ihe arming plunger.
striker_ retaining ball alb away and the spring loadeJ
the..
strikor initiates the dgtonator which in turn inittes the
main charge. Thg uze will ire.after the applcation o Skg
pessure. The load b not cumuhtive.
Arming
By ection rom dolivery syslem and pulling away of
_Delay to armhg
retaining. clip. by sp.ing'loadO aamper
moving through vbcous fqui<J h &n *
N eutralising
Thb rnine can not be sae nsutralbed.
Disarming
Dp9lng with PFM-I b invariab an ara search problem
which will re on careul phned and controlbd vbual
searches backed up by other equiprnent and technues
such.as lhe use o locators and grass buming or iong
grass and undergrowih
When mines are ound thel/ can bg destroyed h siiu or
movod_ to a prepared buming pn by eilhr picking up
careul by the tat slabilber sudace. 'or usinoa shoel or
similar tool. when a suitablg number have encolbcted
the buming plt can be remote nited

ithout lhe retaining clip the arming spring can then move
he.arrning_ rod and plungor through a v.scous luirl itled CAUT/O/Y
lash.Pot, BY thetime the mine's ttyarrned it has landed PFM-ls (sel
destruct) shoutd not be handled_
'n the ground, Atter a.rminS. presure apdiod lo the Those remaining attor inemines
ser destruct limo has ehpsed
'ulbous bodY o lhe mine tiansmined via the tquid .|2hould be destro-yJ;";"i"ly.-
 UV-4 lGNlToR

Arming
Description a) Screw detonator into nitor base and y'ace in mine
priston in a
Muv-4's a develop,ment o the MUV,2 with a charge.
g"riilad das pot anangement to provide a dehy to b) Attach trip wire to anchor and then to retaining
pi
"ion h can be uti""ted pressure (PMD,6) or ptll
;;i;o: apprrablo.
;-i.- iemoving e jtriker retaining prin irst uze
and
or armino rin. MUV-4 will be armed atter the
R".o""
ir,* tn" *ing pin it n,be used as a time delay "i
d!iJ;-ri.d ;i ;1"'.d. Once removod lor more than ;

iir",*it r,, 1sVe,ts;-'delayThe bo{ b either metalor green

*r;J;"d" the armtng pin cannot be refiacod,
olasi'rc with the top mechan'sm being a}ways
Ii"ri"r"r, A p,rll ot apprximate 1k9 torequired
's
i"rno"u the stker retaining . Tre deby arming
to
's N eutralising
approximatety 2!3O minutes. See Anti-,personnel mines rcMZ4 and PM}6,
Sogure striker retaining pn using trip wiro or
adhe:
Method of Operation tape. ln p,ressure apPLt'on rote. MUV-4 ihrough
's withdrawn the prassure o thg a"gr*" io prevent ie striker retaining pin being pus
When the arming pin ouL
;i;k;;; p,r piston througrr a sj91 gel ilted.dash
*i.'-ett!, t a.r"v perbd (aout 2$3Opot rninutes) the
"i;;;;;" i"'w',der part'o tho dash
allow thg
where the
strikor to
Disarming
!i.it<ur .et.ioing balb lall away and
,"" tor*"rd io be retainod y tn" striker etaining.!,in, Bemovo MUV,4 assemb rom ming holding lhe str
pin _ ,. _|l. on rotaining pin in y'ace. Se$rate MUV,4 trom detonator,
Atter thb slago removal ol tho rgtaining
the tp wire oi pessuro apd'x# as. wilh a PM&6 rill allow
'inh'late a 'forcussbn cap whbh in tum
i'i"'"irrr."i io
initiales the dtonator.
CUfllV
o
MUV-4 can be used as a time delay uze, Flemoval
will allovl the doby poi to sla,
it e gna u rr"ptr tho tn:kor
"iar"r."ruining 's iee io initbte
porcuss'nn cap or acticato a switch as h tho cas:
VP-13.

13
 PGMDM A|/ SCATTERABLE PI_ASTIC BI-AST MlNE

Description The se destruct has a

rnaximum setting o 24 hours.
cloc}o,vork rnechan.sm with a
>GMDM b a small barVpe mine, trianguhr in section and
pong/ to the touch due lo the thin plastic casing and
iquiC explosive' ill The mine tapers q;r,rYand at the
Arming
.clidest end b a round proirusion, pfoba
tre cloc}orork at eiection (precbe rnethod
;e} destruct timer whiclr can be p""rr to
one o 12 |j:.'.1"E.n*l
uEly lo arm'ng by sprtng loaCed dannper
unknown).
:etlings up lo a maxmum o 24 hours. The uze moving through
b thoug vbcous [qu'xJ in dash pot.
c be the VGM employed in lhe PFM-1. operating
tydrau[r pressue. PGMDM may be scaflored rom
telicoplers or del"lvered b7 aircrft with aimable con- Ne utralisin g
ainers, as welt as BM22'rockets and probab other Unknown . Probab not possiH3 with thb mine.
,ystems also. Much o the inormation on itris mie is as
,et unverified. (lt appears
vheeled vehiclos).
to b designed or use against
Disarming
Dealing with PGMDM will almost certainV be an area
rechnical Specification search problem which will rety on careul p"""a
ixplosive conten[ Unknown ""J
controlbd v'sual. searches, backed up Uy other techniques
-otal wt:
1,4 - 2kg estimale
and equipment such as smatl uirnJ rru or remote
\ctivatng pressure: Umkown
clearance. and buming in long gr""". Wt mines are
ound they_can be destroyei situ by "ndetonation or
)etection: Vsual
buming using propared
V! _icend.a.ies oi roi
^1;e:
Irlxer
Ftydraulicaty operated ballretained cocked
wh ebyed arming. (sae PFM_1)
cbarance one o the main hazards b tho"t".g"",
set destruct
mechanFm making any handling dangerous and centrati_
,lethod of Operation satpn o manas odostrucl'ron unaccoptable.

/hen eiected rom the delivery systern the mine b

electronicalty. There b'a SO second delay to
CA{/T/o^|
:!_u'ed
.,ming to allow it to reach the ground beore cloch,rlork sel destruct - unb b known about this mine.
arming. fier
,9.deFy al|.oporations are mechanical Pressure pgiea
, the body b transmitled via the lQuid explosive
lo movg
delenl sliJe. The slije moves until lhe strike relaining
l|t alls away and the spring loaded striker inhiates
lh
:tonator which in turn initiate; the main charge. 14 l,,
l.

,:

:,
PF lG N lToR

Description .
Disarming
Bernove i7nhor assemb lrom mine or charge, Spar,
VPF pll igniior b used or init'ating trip wire oporated
stanrd airO improv'sed rnines. parricular booby traps, nitor rom detonalor.
il; b"dy ; metl and an axial or bteral prrll o betwe_en 2
and 7kgi b requirod to release the striker,

Method o Operation
Lateral. or axial pull on the chmp iop p,rlb the clawlike
"" irorn the ball shapod end o the strikEr, Once
i"te.suO the stker nove onrrard undor spring pressue
io strike the percussion cap and initbte the dotonalor,
,

Arming
a) AssemHe niior top by orcing cbmp top on lo the
ball
shaped end o the stnker.
b) Screw the dgtonator onto the i7nitor base,
c) lnsert assenbly into charge or mine and socure,
wire to
Q Atrach trip or pull wire to ring after ixing tp
anchor irsL
e) Remove saety pin.

N eutralising
wire
RePace salety pin or similar into i7nitor. 9cu8 whh
oi-aar,"si"e pe. Atter checkinglrip wiro carelul and
as a simy'e trip wir. cut tp wire closg to
"onrng
init'rator.

15
 MAGNETlc L|MPET T|ME DELAY MlNE

,/,:-"

\i*

:")
/'
+c|+r|-|.,|.
l
l'
t
,.|,-.-..l I i l i_d'-"|.-5*,i._-'
,i ....... i.-:,i,{ ;-i,-i]ii,-:'].l,i
U=- !- |.=l,-|-i:{-,;:--i
-l-|-

.?
,/
'=-**--*. 9;/

Description Arming
The rnine consbts o a plastb or bakelite hal rylindrical Setrgct and it }ead strip or time delay required.(cho'lce of 8
indy, usual grey in colour. On the lat ace lhere are 4 .delay strips - 5 mins to 832 hrs) replace luze cap. Flt
}agnets (2 at either end) a lat meta! sheel covers lhe dtonaiorassamb to base o uze. Flemove transit cap
esi o thb sudace and in transil there b a keeper p,lale rom ntine and screw in luze anci boostcr assemb}y. ,-";::
overing the bottom ace. At one end o the mino b the Bemove keeper rom magnets and attach mine to targt.
.me dey uze and al the other a webbing carrying strap. W'rthdraw saety ln and evacuate area. Time dehy stas $'r':i:r
The min 's designed or use agninst ships and uel rom pin withdrawa] brrt b not precbo and will vary wiih .
tompeaturo.
.:
(
:torage ianks etc. but's used by terrorbt_organbat'ons as
, cai bomb. Often the carrying strap b cut ot beore
deployment to make remoto removal more diticu- A
liding pull o 9kg
's necessay to remove the mine rom a N eutralisin g
teel target. Neutralisation b not possible as the striker and saety pin
orifrce creep onrvard as the delay strip b cul.
i-e ch nical Sp ecif ication
iplosive Content: 0.95kg TNT Disarming
otalw 4.Skg Thb b dangerous due to 'tl7norance o the chosen lime
ime delay: 5 min to 832 hrs delay. Any iough handting can cause the delay sttip to.
,etection: \rsual. Dogs, Locators sher and the lze to unction. Thg rning shoub be pulted
uze: VZD-I M Cocked striker with lead strip time delay away rom the target with a cord atlached to the cafrying
!;i -i),.-
slrap, or a wire slip loop around the uzo ryd/ i lhe strap
has'begn removod, unscrerv and romovg uze lrom rnine
ethod of Operation body and booster using the uze body nul UnscrEw
tren the saety 5in b withdrawn lhe pressure ol the iring dotonalor lrom uze body. t,i ,,.: .::

n spring causos a steel wiro to start cutling through 9 !i'.i J:'

ad delay stp ('xJontical in principle to MUV,2 isnlo_{.

'ler the set delay (dierentload strips are used or CAuTloil i, _,.

lerent debys) the wire cuts through the lead stp

.leasing the striker wh'rch ires a porcussion cap and Ut.nuut extraction o thg uze 's quite possible but not
rcommendrd due to tho unknown lime dehy and
itiates 1he dtonato which in tum initiales the boostor lc
Possible{rl5 londition o the
delay strip.
rd main charge.
l}
NM ELECTRo MEcHANlcAL FlRlNG sWlTcH sSR

HM .IETOHATOP

Deseriotion N eutralisin g
: a developrnent wh'rch makes ult use o Neutral'se electrical inii'lat'lon system (see VP-13, MVE-7:
i...- -....,ildara lnrr:ad usod on all Soviet delonator and or conirm command wire initiation and cut command wire
Qnhor adaptors. The NM uses electrbal initiatbn to de a
iring pin into a percussion cap. Thb means that any
rnechan':ca! inhiated mine cr damolilbn storg h lhe Disarming
Scviet armoury which b usual inil'rated by an MUV type Remove NM rorn mine or charge, removo detonator
or VPF nitor can now abo be electrbalv initiated by ied.
using an NM inhiator. NM 's made o rebrown plastic and
usually has long 450mrn electrical lEads.

Method of Operation
When the required elearical current (probabV 0.5 arnp)
lows through the NM initiator it causes an electrical squib
to ire. Th's shears the retaining ring around the iring pn
and drives the iring pin into a percussbn cap which it
initiales. This in tum initiates whalEver detonator b housed
in the adap{or that the NM b scre,l,vod onto.

Arming
Connect NM electrical leads to eloctical initiation syslem
being emy'oyed P-13. MVE-7e Command wire).
Remove transit cap rom NM. Screw NM onto detonator
adaptor og. MD-2. MDSM or direct onto mine in the
case o OZM-3, OZM.4 or OZM.72.
screw detonator and NM into mine irr the case o MoN
series mines or demolilion charges.

17
 7
\

FiFE
i,

i ';,
l,,. -

tion The seCOnd Uses a walr rA^r|^^ :___

ro iniriaie an_;waler reacting incendlary compound
melallic anti-landino
,H*tr-,",h"fr nl*"",,:Li',*1i
nine body bolted lo-a:::."on:bting o a
alchor p{ate. A
J::*ril:' ;;
:s kom ,'tre]o!
.,-; ;;i""#l";
",frJel:l r;Y o;;l,:i,;i3i,
dhy to l tT;::..x ;H; ;
ll Specification
ications on lhb mine
are unknown
Armng
*ifftry, or chernical
nition The uZe hoHer
b unscrewa.l la.f -- lr^
screwed,","n"*",.Tiji",l".":lL'"r.*:TijiJ
position. The mine.
.11"h t" it"
lf Operation tnposition. The action
o waler ".r7iL'"
il"lt,;';i":: O placed

ed by the action o wi N eutralising

;fitr""T"#fnfltJ
i,
Hftho.ut rnoviog
mtne b unlike to'n. r"Y uze
the 'vCg holder. Th.s
ptn. be ''1:,.::move
boo! trapped.
, moves . the compound Or.""*.n
As l

the pin hteially ou'-oin"

"mtii Dsarmng :-.

bir.#:
::.

,- ir!.
the MD-10 detonator rorn l. i]
[",:" tho botom o the uzo
_

l_.....
l: .i
l..-,

18
 1,

Description Disarming
recd copy o the Sovit MUV nitor, Although Remove nitor assemb lrom mine holding the str
BS1 b a pi in place. Separate detonator rorn nitor,
principle and oporatbn they are
strqhtV difornl in 'on
retaining
Lorino-.i.r.'
PEpendino appl'rcat'ron BS1 can be
"-.-
;;ir"iJ bv pull or pressure (PP,Mi-D), The
'U. (Pr,Uir-tD.
-o
or plast'c and a ptll_ o
J, rno metal
's
upoximuV 1k9 requirod to romove tho striker
iioining 6n. nater than the t$/o soparato pfns o the_
'n+1 ernloys a comhinatbn bop ended and
winged pin.

Method of Operation
Removal o the striker retaining pin alkrws the striker,
unaer sp.ing pressure to mov orward and strike a
p"rcus"ion pscrewed into the base o the R&1,

Arming
pin
B0-1 ' not normally itted with an outer holg or transit
so it cannot bo use in the tons'lon release modg,
Screw dotonator hto the base and lace in mine or
Trip wire , Fasten trip wire lo anchor and then to
""i9".
bop ended prin.

N eutralisin g
Secure striker retaining pin in nitor using !,ip w!,1::
adhesive tape. ln pfessure appl'rcatbn rotato througn ]u
degrees to preveni striker retaining pin being plrshed
oul
TM R P_6 NT PLAsTlc/pr ei-RL SnAP E_D r,-l^ni_l,: MtNE

. \!J *a a*( t,i-'t

''.*izy,-r-r^

t &E4r xti.i'l

ffil*-
H t:---zI
a - .. .
..'_,3:.-

,.. :- !

Arming
!. Mi (aaa !al3 ","'l'l
Description 1-16 -tr ,9r:rT

TMBP-6 b a round pbstic mine with radbl reinorcing ribs,
tt has a slight rabed pressure plate and an integral
luze
stanOing pr-ou ot the mino- There b a clcclollork dehy to
iiring]rr'echanbm o 1-4 minutes. }t can b itted with a
til ro or can be substituted with a p(ossurea shaped.
retoase
ant'rlift switch and detonator. Th's mine emplrcys
charge ahei a powcJer charge has b{own away the top ol
rn" irin" and spil cover. lt can penetrate rnm o
Flemove transit Pug rom ming basg and screw in
delonalor. Bemove cap lrorn uzo head, insert key and
*inJ up cbckwork mechan'sm. Excavate cavity. or mine
.nJ"rr* 2-6 cms o spoil ooverag when burbd" Positbn
mine and parlbl cover- The saety olrrmont's removed
una rr,u ti rod 9d 0l required). For pressure activation
*,u pin is withdrawn and the saety circlip removod,
O"p.!", arming brtr$on and fsten or mechanbm rvorking, i":

urrnou, at 80cms iange and can be used or lateral attack

Cover and camotouge rnine-

Tech nical Specif icati on s Neutralising

Explosive content 5.1kgs TNT Bernove ri[ rod lrom nilor (p,rll ofl genl holding .by
's aot avaibbl,e
Totalweight 7.2k9s ;;;r. reit saety circlii. lf saiey circlip
Aclivating pressure: 1.3kgs ti rod, 150kgs pessure the rnine cannot be neutralbe
Detection: Locator, vbual. dogs
Fuze: UTMRP,6 Pressure or tilt operated ball retained Disarming
cocked striker, clockwork dby to arming
Uncover checking all around and benoath lor booby traps
i prrr,in". Berove cap lrom \;nii_or head, insed ke,,y and
Method o Operation iotlt" to interrup( explosive train. Rernove detonalor and
plug lrom mine basg.
Depressing the arming txrtlon causes the. cbckwork deby
to- !.rning'mechanbr to rotate. comy'eting the
explosivo

"t,"in.
au, th's stago tho required pBssurB d'rstorls or
colbpses the pressuie late pushing an internal cylinder
CAUrloil
's
w untit tho retaining ball tarc out. releasing lhe striker, Even with detonator removed'i clrrchlork,rnechan'sm
(Lateral pessure on te titt rod has thg samo otoct), The not rotated to interrupt explosive train, powder charge
can
striXer trits a porcuss'nn cap wh'ch lires a powder charge still lunci'ron.
blowing a*a tne top portion o the _mine and soil cover,
i-*"OLt"ry ini, i, O"ri" the deby elemenl ires the main CUT/o/,/
dlonator wt ttr initiates the boosler and main charge, pressure release switch can be itted to detonalor well
The shaped chargo ' generated uplards into the
underside ol lhe target. 20
o-8 lGNlToR

Description
B0-8' a Czech madg initbtor usod wkfuV the Sov'rats
in cofiuncticn with Sov'ret rnings. lt b pressure activated
;"q"#rg o p*.uru o approximat"Y 3ks= to rolease tho
c.oXeait.itt"r. BG8's made o{ metal

Method of Operation
Pressure apptred to the pfongs depresses lhe iring
-rotaining
Jrlnou, unii rn" skiker balb escape . inio
i;;"";".ln tne siOe o the casa. When the retaining ba,lb
aie reteasea tho stker sping des the striker into tho
percussion cap. stariing the detonation chain,

Arming
Screw percuss'nn cafldetonalo onlo Qnitor, Screrr nilor
into mine. Bemove saety pin-

N eutralising
or
lnserl saety pin or simibr hto nitor. securo with wire
adhesive tape.

Disarming
Bemove nitor assembty lrom mine, Separats detonator
an{or percuss'ron cap lrom \;nhor.

21
TMA-s Arr PLSTlc PRESSURE oPERATED BI_AST MlNE UGo

ft-4]rr"

i ','::.
!:'";|-::_,
" -,:,..:

Description Arming
Place the pessure y'ate on the body and secure with 2
TMA-S b a square lastic mine comprbing a body and a clips. F:cavate cavity or mine to allow or 2-6cm o spoil |] :'
.1, '-'..,
raised postyreno presure pbte which iras a knurted coverage when buried. Posii,bn mine and partial cover.
uze cap in the centre covering a uze well The possuro Remove the luzg rom the transit housing and unscrew ii:_]:,
plate sits in a lip on lop o the body hnd b socurod by 2 fuze woll cap and transit plug rom booster. Frt uze into _u', j:- :
catches. The corners o the prossure late have olongnted booster, remove saety pin and replace uze cap. Cover l'.-,
: ,r:t .:
-j

reinorcement to alklw or stacking mines both in storage and camouhge mino. i''.l'_,_.
and deployment. There b a covored rocess at one sije o
the pressure plate which b the tmnsit housing or the uze.
The base has our holes or the atlachmont o pull cords N eutralisin g
or anti lift devices. TMA-S can not be detected wilh metal Flemove uze cap and inserl saety pin or simibr into uze.
dtecior locators-

Tech nical S pecification s Disarming

Explosive Content 5.5k9 TNT Uncover chocking all around and beneath or booby traps
Tolalwt 6.6kg or pull mine. Unscrery uze cap, insert saety prin or similar
inlo uze, remove uze assemb and it protective cover lo
Activating pressure: 1 00-300kg
delonator.
Detection: Visual, Probes, Dogs
Fuze: UANU-1 Pressure operated chemical riction nitor
CAUTlOlV
Method of Operation Provbion tor booby trapdng with pttll switr. Has boen
The required pessure applied to lhe top o lhe mine used in stacked pairs.
causes the polystyrene pressure plale to distort and
collapse translerring the pressure to the uze head. Tho
uze striker b orced through a rnombrang inlo a riction
sensitive compound which nites, iring the dotonalor
wh'rch initiales the boosler and main chargo.

22
, ,...:
!""
Polz-zAlP FRAG M ENTATIoN STAKE MlN E

The inal act'ron b lo remove any salety or arrning pin, T

Description wire bngth b usual 4-5 meters-

There are many varbl'nns on thb rnine (see comparbon

page) wh'rch hs an olive green kon ragmentat'nn body N eutralising
*nL a b,r.rrsting charge and's mounted on Trace both ends o trig wire checking lor other irip wir
a slakc ked in the ground .Aaivat'lon b by tip wire, lhe
""comodates
and rnines. When trip wire 's cleared. and 'rdontiierl as
ntines are usual ernp{rcyed in ohhor rows or clusters o at tp wire. cut tp wire 15Ornm_rom mine and
least 4 mines oten with compl'rcated trip wire layouts, "i.P"
around i;nitor to socure pin- (W'rth VPF insert saety
Lelhal radius b 4 moters. irst). {

Tech nical Specification

Exptosive Content 75gms TNT
CAUTloil
Totalweht 2k9s For tension release insert nail or pin into inner hole,
Activating pfessure: 1k9 pttll trip wire.
Detection: VsuaL Trip wire eeler
Fuzes: MUV. MUV,Z, MUV,3, MUV,4 nd VPF i;nitors Disarming
Remove nitor and detonalor lrom mine. unscl
Method of Operation detonator. Dbmantlrg mine lrom stake-
ll itled with MUV or MUV2, 3 or 4 i7nitors a pull on the
trip wire renoves the striker retaining pin allowing. the
itiit"r to inithte tho percussion cap whbh in tum hitiatgs CAuTloil
the detonator and then the main chargo.
Stakes have been booby trapped with hand grenades
(

Where a VPF \;nitor 's used a p,rll on tho trip wiro illustrat'on).
cmoves the pull rings lrom the ball ol the striker,

Arming
Drive the mounting stake hattway into the ground,. lnseri
lhe bharge into te cast iron body and place mine on
srake. Sirew detonator onto nitor body and inserl
assornb}y into the top ol tho rnlne. Attach trip wire lo
anchor and then to MV pin or VPF p,ull ring, 23
 MA-4 Arr PLAST|C PRESSURE oPERATED BI-AST MINE

Description N eutralising
T}lA-4's a develop,ment o TMA-3. h comprbes a round Th's mine cannot be neutral'sed
light green plastic body with 3 uze welb in lhe top on.
The pressure uzes aro o bakelite and there 's no Disarming
pressure Pate. TMA-4 b res'stant to most explosive
clearance methods anc cannoi bo deigcted with metal Uncover checking all around and beneath or booby traps
detactor bcalors. Cbse to the rim b a bole whbh passss or prll mine. Unscretv luzes rom mine, holding tuze b1
right through the mine, ihb b or a carrying handle but the knurlod base. not the head. when uzes aro removed
would serve as an atlachment point or an anti,lift devbe. store separate.

Technical Sp ecification s
Explosive Conten[ 5.5k9 TNT
Total wt 6kg
Activating pessure: 2OOkg
Detection: Vsual, Probes. Dogs
Fuze: 3 x UT}vtAH-4 pressure operaled chemical riction i,,., ,
"i: -,
nitors

t-?")
i i.r, .

Method of Operaiion
:,._....
The requirad p6ssu applk}d to any or all o the bakelite ;1., _1'

uzes causes thE uze head to colbpse crushing lhe

!,. -

'..;,
riction soniilive compound whbh \7nites and sets ofl the ..-,.
f,,.,
::,
detonalor which initbles the booster and main chargo.
!:, , ,,

Arming t_
t ,,^
..

Excavate cavity tor mine to allow or 2-5cm ol spoil ;:, .

coverag when brurierl. Positbn mine and palial cove.
Unscrew transil caps lrom luze welb and screrl,,r uzes inlo
the mine. Cover and carnoulage the mine.

24
 TAKE MlNE COMPAR|SON CHART

?otz-2
PMB-2A

g PoMz-2M
PP-Mi-sk
l"F=.*- PMR_1
4\
-l-

-- ,.'J'!

PP,M'l,Sh
MAP
i;t cHlNEsE
PMR-2 PMH-3
l

TYPE CoUHTRY Rows oF YIEHT D|AMETEB HE|GH CH^RGE AcTuATtoH lGNToB

FRAGMEHT (KG9 (MMs} (MMs) (GMs) R,LL(xGs)
PoMz.2 ussB 8 zo 50 135 7s t MUVPF

PoMz-zM UssR s 1.7 60 1r1 73 1 f,luv.a4

vPF
PP.MLst czEcH 5 1.6 60 137 75 Bo,t
uPM-l
PP.Ml.sh , cz:l3;{ , zr 75 1 ?5 1 Ro,l

PM&l Y.rrco r zo ao r2o 75 2,12 UPM,I

PMR.2 YlJGo , Lz so 12o 7s 2,12 UPM,I

PMB.2^ YUGo 9 1.7 66 132 r0o 3 UPu2^

PMR,3 YlJGo 8 l,ijK ?s , }vK , 4_rc 3 UPMB,3

.,
cHlNEsE cHlt.A 6 r.{ 60 l8o }vK 9,t8 MUv,vPF
TYPE
llAP xoAEA 5 2.6 o ro7 7s t MUV/VPF
TYPE
TMA-3 Arr PLASTIC PRESSURE oPERATED BLST MlNE Go

60m

l" ":/r-r : _

l :. .-

*+:
i,.,,_j+

Description N eutralising
TMFS comprbes a round green o brown lacquered Th's rnine cannot be neutralised
hessbn body with 3 luze welb in the top and one uze well
in the bottom to take an anti lift device. The pressure
luzes are o bakelitg and lhere b no pressure plate. Disarming
TMA-3 b resbtant lo mosl oxplosive cbarance mathods Uncover checking all around and beneath or booby traps
and cannot be detected with metal detector locators. or pull minE. Unscre uzes rorn mine, holding luza b1
Fuzes are transported in a wooden protective box.. the knurlgd base, not the head when uzes ara removed
store separatety.
Tech nical Specification {

F-xplosiva Conten[ 6.5kg TNT

Totalw 6.6kg
or Trotyl
. CAUT|OIV
Activating pesur6: 1 8&,350k9 Prov's'lon or booby trapping
Detection: v'sual Probes. Dogs UTMAH.I tuzes can be very sensitive particubrly afler
Fuze: 3 x UTl,,tAH-1 pessure oparated chemical riction having been suected to shock or darnage in any way.
ignilors

Method of Operation
The requed pessue'appliod lo a[ or any o the bakEtite
luzes causes the ure head to colhpe crushing the
ict'lonsonsiiiva compound wh'nh nites and sots ol lho
detonator which initiales lhe booster and main charge.

Arming
Excavato cav or mine to allow 2.6cm spoil coverage
when bur'led. Positbn mhe and patialv covor. Unscrew
transit caps rom uze wolb. removg rubbgr sgab and it
seab lo uzes. screw luzes into the mine. cover and
camouhge mine.
PMFI-zA A/P FRAGMENTAT|oN STAKE MlNE

?{,j:i\
l,i:]*:jit
,-|.1_,:1, l- j1,-/-

y',

O"."ription N eutralisin g
PMB-2A b one o the wlJe ami o stake mines. (see Trace both ends o the trip wire checking or other
comparbon page),. having an olive 9r9n segmenled body wires and mines. When the trip wire 's cleared e
o cast iron containing a bursting charge, a thrgaded uzl irJentiiod as a simple trip wire, cut lrip wire 150mm r
adaptor at the lop and with a woodon stake itthg into the the mine and tie around lhe uze to secure the pll pfn.
charge recess in thg bottom. ctilaibn ' by tip wire. the
rnines being deployed in a sirnibr nanner to the POMZ-2
series. CUT/oil
Tech nical Specification For tensbn release insert nail or pn into inner holrr.
trip wire. (
r

Explosive Contenf 1OOgms pressed TNT .

Totalweht 1.7k9s
Activating pressure: 3kgs
Detect'ron: Vsual, Trip wire oeler Disarming
Fuze: UPM2{ whh M67 detonator Bemove uze and detonator rom mine, unscrew detor
lor. Dismantle mine rom stake.
Method of Operation
A pull on the
to init'rate
trip wire releases the spring tens'roned stker
the percussion cap, detonalor and bursting
CUTloil
charge. Stakes havg been booby trappo,d with hand grenades (s
illustration).

Arming
Drive the stake halway into the ground, place the mine
body with explosive charge onto the stake. Scretv the M67
deionator soct'on into the mino. Scretv the top ol the uze
onlo tho M67 and attach tho trip wire. Remove,the brass
saety element rom the pll plin.

27
TMA-z Arr PLqSTIC PRESSURE oPERATED BI_AST MlNE

}--

W
Description Arming t ,

F,xcavate cavity or rnine lo albw tor 2,6cm o spoil i..,.".

TMA-2 ba rectangubr y'astic mine comprbing a body coverage whon buried Position mine and pa'nl cover. ;.:_,..
and a ribbed postyrone pfessue pla|o whbh has 2 Unscrew both uze caps and transit plugs irom osters. l
knur}ed uze caps each covering a uze well. The pfessure Frt the uzes into the booster charges and romove saety !._i.
plate b ked to the body by 4 plastic scrgws, 2 n each o pins trom the uzes. Repbce luze caps. Cover and. -:
the shorl slces. There b a small hote in lhe base o lhe camoullage mine. i,'",-
mine or attachmenl o the plll cord o a prll actuated
anti,lift switch. TMA-2 cannot be delected with metal
detector locators. N eutralising
Remove uze caps and insert salety prins or similar into , _
Tech nical S p'eciication s uzes. ,_,
,

Ex.piosive Content 6.5kg TNT

Totalwt Zskg Disarming
Activating pressure: 1 20-320kg
Uncover checking all around and beneath or booby traps
Detection: Probes. Visual. Dogs
or prll mine. Unscrew uzo caps. insert saety pin or
Fuze:2x UANU-1 pressure operaled chomical riction simibr into uzes, removo uze assomtos and it
nhors. protoctive covers over dotonators.

Method of Operation
21-.,-,.-:,
ii,'*-..
F,",T.

to tho top ol the rnine

CUT?OIV |i--ij r
'the pessuro appliod
The required k,i,+ :

cause postyreno pfessure y'ate to dbtort and Prov'sion or booby traging with a prll switch. |_:,-
i]-j:
,.. -j.

colbpse translerring- the pressuro to one or both o th i-";l

uze heads. The luzo strikor b orced through a :. -,
'
membrane inlo a lrbtion sonshive compound wh'rch '
'-,_ '-.,,
and
nites, iring the detonator whbh inh'ntos tho boostor
.,,_.

main charge.
z".
 MR-3 NP FRAGt{ENTATIoN STAKE MlNE

''==-g u ,

4l-z:"
Description
PMR-3 b similar in may ways to the other varbnts ol
stake mine (see stake mine compaon page). However
Cue to the uze aTangment and other diferences it
's
covered separate. PlR-3 hq! a stsel ragmentatbn
body wh'rh accomodates a bursling charge and can be
mounted on its steel stake by a poi o bayonet type
hings in either a uze up or down positbn. The luze b the
sam as on the PBOM-I and b activated ry kip wire or
pfessue. ln most apptrcat'nns with PMR-3 lhe pressure
rnode, though still active, will be redundant.
Tech nical Specification
Explosive Content 4109ms TNT
TotalWe'ht:
Activating pessure: 3kss (pt lD 9kgs (pressure)
Detect'ron: Vsual trip wire toeler
Fuze: UPMR-3 Tp and pressure activated ball retained
cocked stkor
Method of Operation
The required pu (or pressure) prshes the intemal
rylinder in the uze down releasing the retaining balls ol a
cockEd strikor. albwing the striker lo move on,lard undar
pring pressure to iniliate the detonator wh'rch delonates
the rnain chargo, scaering shraprrel ove a 20m etoclive
radius.
-
-Y i,=-*
Arming =.=-L
Drive the mounling stake haltway into the ground lnser
the rnain charge into the mine body and screw on th
retaining cap. Screx uze and detonator inio ho}e ii
retaining cap. lount mine body on stake, eiiher luze up,c
down, depending upon required he\;ht ot trip wire. Attac
trip wire to anchor and then clip to pi,lll ring on uza. Tri
wire should be up to 16m bng. The inal action b to mov
tho saety clip form <the bworod (sae) position lo th
horizontai (armed) posit'nn.
N eutralising
Move saety cfip into the bwergd (sae) position. Trac
both ends t trip wire checking lor other trip wires an
rnines. When tp wke 's conirrned as a simple lrip wirr
cut trip wire close to mine.
Disarming
unscrew and remove uze. rernove detonator lrom luz,
Remove mine body rom stake, unscr6., retaining cap ar
take out main charge. Bemovg slake rom ground
CuTlo^l
The eas'rest pat ol a slake mine to booby trap b tl
stake. hobe irst. prrll i susplic'ous.
 A_1 Arr PtSTlc PRESSURE OPERATED BI-AST MlNE

\=--
==_--'
\,

----
=-:-=J
----.\ / /

Description
TMA1 b a circuhr mine comprbing a bodv and
comtgated postyrene pgssur plate which has a
lnurled uze cap. The pressure plale b ixed to the body
by 4 fias_tic sorr around tho circumerenca. There b
second uze well in the bottom o the mine or an anti litt
device. TMA-1 can nol b9 dtected with metal detector
loators.
Technical Specificatio n s
Arming
Excavate .aviV or mine to allow or 2-6cm o spoil
coverage when burbC- Positbn rnine and partial cover.
Unscre* uze cap and tran9it plug rom bbostei. Screw
uze into booster and rernoVg-u saety pin. Replace
uze cap, cover and camouhge rnine-
N eutralising
Bomove uze cap, insert sa{ety pin or sirnibr into uze.

Erplosive Conlen[ 5.ak9 TNT

Totaw[ 6.5kg
Activating pressure: 100kg
Detection: Vsual, Probes. Dogs
Fuze: UANU-1 pressure operated chernical rictbn
nhor.
Method of Operation
The required pfessure appli<rd to the lop ol lhe mine
cause the postyrene pressure y'ate to dbtort and
colhpso lranserring tho pressure to lho uzg head. The
luze striker b lorced througrh a mernbrane into a lriction
senshive. compound whbh nites. irhg the detonator
which inithtes the boostor and tho rnain chrgc.
Disarming
Uncover.checking all around and beneath tor booby lraps
or pull mine. Unscretr uze cap, insert saety pin or-simiLr
into luze, remove uze assernb and it proiective cover
over detonator.
CUTlOlV
Thb mine b Lsned to bo booby trapped with either a
pessure releaso swilch or a prll switch attached to an
anchor.

30 ;
P_Mi-Sr /P METALLIO BoUND|NG FRAGMENTAT|oN MlNE

}-

'-;-

Descripttcln Arming
PP-Mi-Sr and PP,Mi,Sr ll are general lhe same mine, The detonator plug b unscr9wed and a detonalor insee
lhere are on minor diflerences. On the top o the mine in the Sug ls retacd to secure,the detonator. Th mine_,
the centre is ttre ignitor adap{orlpropelfing charge well On _ -then pleced in a__prepared hol ad pa'nlly covor(
either sirle ol ih's}re scre, heads, th irger, b lhe rnain bavihg Jhe top exposed. The propelling charge,b th,
charge iller orif'rce, the smalbr .b the detonator weil As insetted in thE central well and the exlemal nitor'ar
rhe tread on the Qnhor adaptor's the same as a Soviet percussion cap screvred hto position- The mine b th,
'p.op"
camofiagea Fnal. F&t tnioris being us,
Qnitor the mine ouH be employed whh
any Soviet
inh'nt'ron mechan'sm.
a trip wire b attached |o an anchor and then to the mine,
With B&8 nitors tho mine b placd in a deepar ob_
Tech nical Specif ication that on to prongs protrude above the ground. (S,
illustratin). The inal action b lo remove the saety pin,
F-rplosive Conten 3259ms TNT
Totalweight 3.25kgs
Activating pfessure: 1kg (ptJID 3kgs (pressure)
N eutralising
Detect'ton: Vsual. trip wire eeler, locator. dogs Trip wire (R0-1) - Trace both ends o lhe trip w
Fuze: Trip w're - Ft0,1; Pressue , H&,8 cniXing loi oiher tp wires and mines._When lrip wire
clnred-and irJentified as a simplrs trip wire. cut w
1SOmm rom mine and tie around !;nitor to secure pin,
CAUTlOlL
Prgssure (R&8) - Replace saety n or simibr into \;nitc
PP-Mi-Sr could be used Sov'ret inbtion rnechan'sms
including VP-13, MV,72 and NM initbtors.
Disarming
Method ot Operation Unscrgw and remove i7iror. Uncovir. careul check
lor booby trap6 or pull mhe. Removo propolling char
The external Qnitor's activatod. initbting a porcussbn cap unscreirr detonator plug and emove detonator,
which ignites he propelling charge. The propelling_ chargo'(
'tts containor hto tho air until
bbws te mine bdy'out ol
reachos the limit ot ihe t.sm anchor wke. The anchor wire
tires the cockod striker mechankm in the baso o the mine
wh'rh in lum initbtes lho detonator and main charge,
Detonation ol the rnine approximate 1,5m above tho
 Arr METALLIC PRESSURE OPERATED BI_AST MlNE

ffi ]rr,*
;.. i;,r,

Description Arming ;:
|..' .:.,-

TMM-1 b a copy o,the German WWll Teller mine 4al. }t xcavatecav or the mine to allow lor 2-6cm o spoil };;*
!i, . '-

covorag when btrrlrd. Position mine in hole and partialv lj.*+j

comprbes a round steel bo with a sleppe,{ pressuro
plate wh'ch screws onto the uze well. There are two cover. Ftt the dtonator to luze, remove pressuro plale
threaded welb or booby lrap devices, one in the sirje and
rom mine, insert thE uze assemb and screw the .
pessuro plate back onlo mine. Cover and camoubge
one in lhe base. TMM-1 ' iRed with a carrying handle
rnine.
and can be hand or mechan'tcalv lakJ.

Tech nical Specif ication N eutralising

Explosive Conten[ 5.6kg Trotyl Thb mine cannol be neutralbed
Totalvt 8.6kg
Activating pessure: 130-420k9 Disarming
Detect'ron: Locator, Probes, Vsual. Dogs
Fuze: UTMM-1 pressure operaled cocked strikor, shear Uncover mine checking all around and beneath or booby
pin control trap or ptll mine. Unscroa pressuro plato and romove
uze assembly. Separate dotonator rom uze.
Method of Operation
The required pesure apprred to the top o the mine CA{/Tloil
causes the stepped pessure plate to storl and collapse Mine has two anti-lift welb.
transerring the pressure to the uze hoad. Pressure on
the luzg head causes the shear 3in to shear, reloashg tho
spring baded striker to ire the percussbn cap which
initbte lho detonator, tho oxosive chain b canietJ on i,
through the booster to the main charge.
l.

z
 MlNE
zM-3 NP METALL|O BouDING FRAGMENTATIoN

],-
H

Description Arming
The contral p|ug
's removed and a No, 8 detonatc
oZM.3consbtsoacastironbodycontainingamain 's a deionator h";,l"l' i Pu t then replaced, The mine's buried (c
r,"r. i'ii.p o the mine in the 'scentre
a threaded 'rgnitor j,",,li:
retaining plug, to one side o thb :?,:fr:-,,,:'!:";;"w;
wires protrude to al!,ow pn b romove(
adaror. On the opposite side two ;;"; safet
bgore the or arming 5in
iIi ozu,s be activated by tp in i Oeeper _hob, s
W,th B0,8 hit'rator t ,ni"'i, daced
iiir"r'r"* Te can
For ebctrb
*'irq pr".rure or ebcirbal command, that on the prongs ild" o'm"" gr,ound
re used (or an N|
i;i;i;; tr," i,ro i.'"-on the mine
Technical Speciicatio n i"iii", screryed inlo \7nitor adaptor),

F-tplosive ContenL 759s TNT

Total weigh 3kgs N eutralising
Activating pressure: 1 k9 pll, 3kgs
pr_essu.re_
Towire.Tracebothendsothelripwirechecking'
wire b cleared at
"tr"tio,'t *tor, Trip wire teeter, Visual,
VPF
Dog
;ilil *rc-r-""-,ines, Wtren trip
150mm ro
Fuze: Trip wire , MUV,{ 3 and iJenti'red as a simPe t,if wiru. cut irip.wire
4,
to socute irin (with VpF inse
Pressure, R0-8 (Czech) rnine and t.n around:rgn,,ior
Electricat, Command detonat'ron saety pin irst).
pin or simibr into ignito
PressurE - {B0-8) Fteplace satety
Cur/o^/ Ebcrbal , ldentiy and doal with the
init'ration mechanis
and NM *-Za or oonfirrn cornmand wiros a
OZM-3 could be used wilh VP,13, MV,7Z W,rS "^
cttL
initiators.

Method of Operation Disarming

percuss'on cap UnscrewandrEmovenitor.Uncovrcarelulcheck
The extemal nitor's activated, in?t'nting.a lho popelling p,rll rnine, Unscrew cen
oown a i;h i" to ne att irouna lor booby trips or
whbh ires
;;;9, ws te whole mine out o lug and remove detonalor,
charqe. The peopelling
;;;'il;"ff;;'#i"; tt, o"ruy element wh,rch in turn
,s
iniliares the detonator;j H; hargevhen thg mine
CuTloil
l.S, ttl" gr,ounJ, Th.e ragmentat'nn
' lethal to a raorus"J""
"p"rir"i"V ;i 9,", Wren oloctrical init'ated a boo traps,
33 M93
and anti-litl
]",""r."rri" squib inhbtes the popelling charge,
PT-Mi_Ba-lll Arr BAKEL|TE PRESSURE oPERATED BLAST MlNE DzEcH

/),-
x(br A'] -;,--

f,.
- aoll < rn. tY
[
i
;_Ji !!:li-a)a,;tl!
li ,
{
-!
io-oq,-0s,

Descriptioit
PT-M'FBa-lll consbts o a round brown bakeiite body with
a sleFrpad pssure plaie and rubber sealing ring. There b
a central knured uze well cap. On the uncjersirJe 's a
plastic liting handle. Detectbn o thb mino with metal
detector localors 's very dit'rcult and shoutd not be relied
uPon.
tj
Tech n ical Specificatio ns zvu,
- lr- \r- l!
c0!-l33,Hit, /
Explosive conlent 7.29 TNT
Total urt 9.9kg Arming V
Activating pfsssure: 2O&3O0k9 Excavato cav or the mine to allow or 2-6cm spoil |,..

Detect'ron: Vsual, Probes, Dogs coveragg when txlrbd Ptace mine in hole and remove
uze well cap. Unscretv base o uze, inserl delonator and
Fuze: R0-7-1 or R0-7.1l cocked striker. shear ring control replace luze base. Screw uze and dgtonator assembly I

into booster charge in uze well Remove saety ring rom

Method of Operation uze well, replace uze cap. cover and camoubge mine.
E,}s,
When the required pessura 's app{ied to the top o the
mine the pessure plate collapses at lho rubber lexible
N eutralising |l: ']-.
l, ,,
i-.-..
-

ioint transening the pressure lo the top o the uze. ln the Hemove tuze well cap, insert saety dng.fi available) F,
|-. ,
|:
case o R0-7-1 the perspex case at the top ol the luze
.,
around uze and replace cap. l.,
breeks. releasing the striker under spring p,ressure. With
B0-7-1l pressure causes the striker shear ring to shear
and the striker ' driven downwards under spring
Disarming i
i
pessure. ln both cases the detonalor is initialed and the Uncover mino checking all around and beneath or booby
explosive chain continues through the booster lo lhe main lraF 'i mino. Bomove uze well cap, unscrew uze
charge. ass ,nove delonator lrom uze-

311
 zM-4 /P METALLIC BoUNDING FRAGMENTAT|oN MlNE

fl],-
l

Description Arming
The central detonator dug 's removed and a detonator
OZM-4 consbts oi o
chargo.
-.t iron body containing a main
On the top o the mine hr the centre b a detonator insorted, the plug b replaced. Tho rnine ' buird and the
retaining Pug, to one siCe o th's b the threaded nhor exlemal ilnitor scre*ed into posit'nn. For 'tgnors
ada$or. OZM-4 was original desned to be on MUV.2.3, and 4 and VPF a trip wire's attached beoro the
rnechanical'xritiate However, can now be electrbally saety or arrning pin 'ls removed. W,rh RS8 nitors the
initbted since the htroduct'ron o the NM electro mechani- rnine b daced h a deeper hole so that on the prongs
cal init'ntor. protrudo above the ground. For ebclrical init'ntion an NM
's
initbtor can be scre+rgd onto the nitor ada$or. lhb
connecied to the
Tech nical S pecification employed.
eteclrbal hitiatbn means being

Explosive contgnt l7ogms TNT

Totalweht Skgs
Activating pessure: 1kg pttll 3kg pressure
Dgteclion: 1-ocator. Trip wke eeler, vbual
Fuze: Trip we MUV,2.3. and 4. VPF
Pressure Re8 (Czech)
CuTlol
OZM-4 could be used with VP-13. MVE-72, and NM
initiators.
Method of Operation
The extemal {;nitor's activated, initialing a percuss'rcn cap
which ires down a lbsh tube to nite the propelling
charge. The propelling charge blows the mine body ott the
bonom plate and out o the ground until it reaches the
limits o its 0.&0.8m anchor wire. The anchor wire ires
lhe striker mechan'sm in tho centre o tho mine body
which in lum iniliates the detonator and the main charge.
Detonation spreads shrapnel ove a 13m lethal radius.
N eutralisin g
Trip wire - Trace both ends o trip wire checking or othar
trip wires and rnines. When lrip wire b cleared and
'rdentikas a simple trip wire, crn fip wire 150mm rom
mine and lie around nitor to secure pin. (W'tth VPF inset
saety 5rin irst.)
Pressure - (R0-8) Replace saety pin or simibr into Qniior.
Elctical - ldentify and deal with the hitbt'ron mechan'sm
(seo VP-13 and }vVE-72) or conirm command wires anC
cUt.
Disarming
Unscrgv/ and remove nitor. Uncover careul checkinc
all around or booby traps or p,rll mine. Unscrew centai
plug and removo detonalor.
CuTloil
MS-3 anti litt booby trap.
35
pT-Mi-Ba-ll Arr PLAST|C PRESSUFlE OPERATED BL_AST MINE

FT,ffi"Bolll
Rn
?6r3E otra

-j

.--.:-

Descripticn
PT.Mi.Ba-ll cons'sts c a rectangubr piastb box with
webbing carrying strap. On the top o the rnine b a rabed
area which houses two pfotruding pressurg plungers,
these transer load onlo the heads o the uzes.
Arming
The lld o the mine b removed after rvithdrawing the two
a
lock pins and the two uze welb are exposed Detonators
are itted to ihe two uzes and the uze assemHies itled
into the uze welb in the booster charges.

Technical Speciication
Explosive Conten 6kg TNT
Totalw[ 9.6kg
Activating p,essure: 2O0-45Okg
Detection: Probe. Vsual, Dogs, locator(unreliable)
Fuze:2 x RG7-1l Cookastrike, hear ring control
Method o Operation
When the required pr&ura b applbd to the head o
either ot the pressuro plungers they are rnoved down,
wards through their retaining colbrc. Thb downward
movemenl allows thE bottom ol the pressure Punger lo
The pressure Pungrers are itted into their retaining cott"r",
the li<J o the mine b reitted and the lock plns inserted. A
cav b excavaied to allow tor 2-4cm o spoil coveage
over the heads o the pressuro plungers when buried. The
mine b posit'oned in the hole. covered and camoulaged.
Neutralising
Gareul uncover the top o lhe mine, withdraw the two
lock pins and remove the lkl o the rnine. Flemove
prossure plungers and replace liJ.
',,fii.
Disarming i':| ,

L- ? -_:-
i-.

transler lhe toad onto thg head o the B0-7,1l uze. Th's Uncover the rnine checking all around aird beneath or
(: :. :,..
i:. ,:}.
causes the iring pin shear ring 1o shear leaving the striker booby traps or pl..rll rnine. Pull out the two lock pins and
:

ree to be driven downward by the iring pn spring. The Iemove the lil o the mine (pull lid il suspicious). Extract i ,,,,
liring pin initiates a percussion cap wh'rch ires the uze and booster assembly. Separate uze assemb trom
i,. .
, detonalor. the explosive chain 's canied through the booster nd unscrew detonator rom luze.
booster to the main charge.

36
 CzECtl

,i
t

{
-.
.l
l
l
,. i
l
-, l
,-+{{
l

.-.! l

<,
W$
Descripton Arm in g
__^.*,..,. . ..19^_Y1_1
For use with Fl0-3 anti lift excavale cavity as shown in
' '' i|
To;r;"nr'T,,., comlgatedryessur:
"ser" on ton, Tire p;c.u;;;1,--.-:1b
ils curcurnerence and has a tnsit
around illustration. Bemoveffi ;r]ffiHg :i;3_?}:
he uze welI screw Fl0-3 onto base. Bemove pessure sFjer rom
continues right throu9 ir'" "J-jld "ou"r.
. I opn on lhs bonom rnine and insert both uzes
into the mine so that Ro_3
b rom the h"u, *.rn:" p."""uru spJor and
I li":i::ffi"i::r"*'n"',"n&."':M-K
v.-.lqllw
'l'Plll.}-'' ""i,tuni-io protrudes
._,.,l 3ttach 1M arming lanyard to Ro.3 stety pin. piace mine
}:,J::xffi ffi ., ",j tf i*?jl,. 3?;'-mine
",1i
,., :, Explosive Content 5k9 TNT ["^T,_l1_5_,Pfessure
uze. .Cover_9nd cal9u_lage
:- . I Toialvrt: 7.8ko
leaving arming lanyard expo'sed. Withdraw Ft0-3 sety pn
, ,'| l1ivati;g 33ok9 prll on the lanyard. Fill and camouilage
uetectK)n: '""ur",
j'",i.,i'..
: . I Locator,.Probes, Vsual, Dogs

i,"i 5J,13;'#""ie
operated, cockjstriker, shear pin Neutralisin g
'i1
'
l R0-5 has 2 x delonators and boosler integral threa-
cllg b
"tlgylqt and .llCia, nv-o lrlen
Ft&S lnsert saety
saleTy p{n or slmibr
pin o simihr
il l l dd or Bor3 on ils bai
't I B0,3 Flelease o pressure, ball retained, cocked striker B0-3 Can not be sae neutra[sed as h b dificult and
i;: l _ dangerous to redace th saety pin.

r;,l _. . - -'"'_'^:'"':
+jl.| Method of Operation
. pfesurg applk lo the
"j1 ]he requirod p,:sure
'ffii{ toP o lhe mine
Disarming
3u":s ,tho sFidgr to Jirro.t and cotlas CAUT/Oil
er. lranslernng lhe pessure to the uze head. Pressure on
^
" Ah,vays pull PT-Mi-K
the.sheirpin]o
S:,,:l 9".,l"^.?^Pid, TTe" lo ."uo=inj r"
"n"ar. the exive
ire the dtonator,
*,+l :p:ls_"_1t!.slrikor
-,*,.'| cnaln carrld on through the booster,
*h9!b intgralin Afier pulling, i it , conirmed that no Re.3 i itted then
| "[i'jq]"i.illXJni,*:":lr*;lri;i'";*1; remove prelsu.e spider and remove R0.5 uze.
,ti; l i_'lT?l etaining ba.lb to all away releasing the striker
:;., lnnlale the bonom delonator in to C Ur/Oil
I the Ro.S uzJ.
. Do not remove spider i there 's a possibility o B0_3, as
.l . Il removing Spder
o romovlng can rcause R0_3 to tunction.
sFirJer can,
'f,j:," |
:1,.l
1l
_i;' "
:"l;il
l.'
-,,l I

i .: l
 zu-16o /P METALL|O BoUNDING FRAGMENTAT|ON MlNE

;"-1"

a
Ill

',\\
\\

dffi '},'J'
i,.'. -._,',',

[*;3iJiEj
;1:-:l;,
i:-, ,, -,,.

brt$,-
!i-,., '

"

Description
The OZM-160 b the largest mine in he OZM series. }ts
overall weht being 85kg and its lethal radius 4Om. tt b
etective against soft skinned vehicles as well as lroops in
the open. The OZM-160 b desned to be initiateb by
electricl command bul it could be used in conjuncrio
with rnore adyanced electrical initators such as MV'E-72.
Tech n ical Specification
Explosive Conten[ 4.5k9 TNT
Toal weight:
Detection: Locator, Vsual
Fuze: Elect'rcal command detonat'ron.
assembV inserted into the tube. The base b attached and
the ing cable unrolled rom the base. The mine 's laid
vert'lcalv in a 1,25m deep holo, lowergd in by the attached
hooks. lt 's connected to the rnain iring ;abb and lhe
elecirical detonai'ron circuit lested or continuity rom
cover. The rnine and cable are then back illed and
carnoulaged.
N eutralisin g
ldentify and deal with {he initiat'ron mechanbm or conirm
command wire initiation and cut wire.
!.',.
Disarming ",

The mine has irst to be removgd rom hs hole,

."
CAurloil CAUT/oil
._ ].,,:
,:..:-a:,.
|-1
_

.-_,
i,.'',;-'i'.,',
i,:,
Other init'ration dovices may be employed Booby traps

Method of Operation Due lo its size improvised booby traps can easi be used.
The rnine should be pulled uiing a veh'rcb or wich rom a
::. _,.".,i'

F,r.j*
,Yi. j
lnitiation b. by wh'ch nites the
e_}oclrical comrnand sae dbtance. when it b clear o the hole and has been i; ',i-;,
}**.;

propelling chargo in the base o lhe mine. Th checkgd or booby lraps the base b unbolted and the [- _.,.i: !:
chamber propelling charnber and prcjectilo wilhdrawn rom the tube.
body and pciectib are dotaiched rom the base and !, ::11'}.,:.
ejocted rom the ground At 1.5m heht the anchor cable The prcliectile b then unscrewed rom lhe propelling i,j._..';:]1;.,

shears the striker shear pin and the striker initiates the chamber and the detonator removed rom the'prectit i;.,....;,:.-

detonator which in lum detonates the main charge. base. The electrical nitor can then be removed rom the ,,: " ,-,'. X,

propelling charge. '..,.''

Arming
The mine must irst be assembled as it 's bsuod in a
disrnantled slate (the electrical res'stance b tesled and
the detonator insarlarl r'ntn lha ,^i^^.il^\ L^ -_-- -rt:- -
 PT-Mi-D Alrr WooDEN PRESSURE oPERATED BI_AST M|NE

Descr;,
FT-Mi.D ba wooden box type /T mine wilh a rope
carrying handle. lt employs 2 x B0-1 nitors or inithtion.
The_pres,sure pbte b a wooden Uar iitrr a rabed ramp
section, in transit thb ''inverled so that the ramp its
inskJe the mine presenting a lat outer sudace. Well suited
to insurgenl wadare, rnany variations occur. and r*
quenl booby trapped.
Tech n cal Specification
Arming
Excavate cavity or rnine to allow or 2-6cm o spoil .1.
99yerage when burird. Rernove prossuro plate and x
20Og TNT blocks. Screw detonaiors onto B0-1
Pnitors
and it Qnitor assembl'tes into TNT blocks. Fn TNT tocks
and nitor assomblbs back into mine, tocata on wooden
support blocks and ensure the retaining plins are acing
downwards under the pfessure blocks. Pae mine in hob]
position_ p,ressure plate with ramp uppermost. Cover and
camoulage mine. {

Explosive Content 6.2k9 TNT

Totalwt 9kg N eutralising
Activating pressure: 20G.450k9
Th's can be achivod by simp removing lhe ramped
Detection: Locator (unreliable) Probes, Visual, Dogs wooden pressure plat. -.
Fuze:Z x B0-1 ignitors with wooden pessure blocks

Method of Operation CAUnoil

The B0-1 ignitors are ixed so thal their winged striker
retaining pins ace downwards bonoath th wooden
pressure blocks. These pressurs blocks are secured lo
the end walls o the mine woodon dowgb (dosnod to
The rampod woodeir prossure Pate inse-rtd so
:h:"?.
that the ramp stands proud oi the rnin and the ends are
supporled_ on the pressure blocks. When the required
pressuro, b applied to the ramped pressuro
Pat ttre
dowels shear.allowing the pessuro blrrck lo pusnea
downward. This in lurn pushes the striker retaining pin out
Thb should be dona by p,rlling rom a sae dbtance due lo
the rbk o booby traps.
Disarming
Uncovor mine checking alt around and undemeath or
booby traps or ptrll mino. Aflor romoving ramped wooden
pessure plate remove TNT blocks with-RO-l ignitors and
secure retaining pins in Qnitor whh adhesive tape or wire.
Bernove ignitor assemtes rom TNT blocks anb separate

which Ftt
o1 causing.the striker lo ire lhe percusion c.p delonators rom nitors.
lhg
initiates the detonator. this in turn detonates the
TNT booster charge and the main charge. CAUT/OIV
Well.suited lo improv'sed.*9by traps due to space inside
PROM-1 NP BoUND|NG FHnGt,at A l lL/ly yllly-

l
l
V

Description Arming
Remove transit plug rom mine and screw in uze, Bu
PROM-1 cons'sts o a steel bottle shaped body containing
ba rnine with luze protruding above ground sudace, Attac
it u ,n"in charge. On the top o the rnine in the centre
uze. The uze b both tp wire trip wiro to anchor an then to split ring on luz
ii,rE"aea orif.rci to take the
Cmoubge uze and trip wire, ra'se heht o tp wire wi
and pressure activated-
. stakes i necessary. Mova saety clip rom the lowerr
(saety) posilion to ihe horizontal(armed) posit'nn,
Tech nical Specifications
Explrcsive Content 4255 TNT Neutralising a, ..:; ..,
!a,]:'
Totalwe'ht: 3k9s
Activaling pessure: (pu[) skg (pressure) 9kg Move salety clip to the bwered (sae) position, Trace bc
ends of rri wiie checking or other trip wires and mine
Detection: Vsual. trip wire eeler, bcator,dogs
When trip wire b cleared and confirmed as a simple t
Fuze: UPBOM-1 Trip and pressure activaled ballretained wire, cutirip wire cbse to rnine.
cocked stker

Method of Operation Disarming 1,,.,,

:,.
The roquired presure or p,rll pu_she: an intemal cylinder Unoover careul checking or booby trap or pxrll rnir
ln -'..'

intheuzedo,rrnuntiltheretainingbalballoutallowing unscrew and remoye uze. |. .-

the striker lo move onrard under spring pressure to hit
the oercuss'ton cap. The percussion cap ignites a 1,5 sec
r"i, element wi',ch then liros the propelling charge
e4ecing tha mino rom the groun9. { 0,7,0,8m abovg the ]i;-.,-,; "

'.u"m ming reaches thi gnd o irhg its anchor wirg whbh i,,:i.
fu] ; porcussbn cap onto l i, pin hhhting the l;-t.,
|,-.:,,,:_,
betonatr which iras the rnain charge, causing lragmen, l'" .l',-:-,

tation which b etectivg up to 25m. l i.';

r*.. ,:,'1.
.1._: ,

: _ .. .

i.,-.

41
 Ul(A_63 Ar, METALL|C PRESSUREri-lLT OPERATED SHAPED

CHARGE MlNE

Rr \_--_.

i.'

\!

Description
UiG-63 's a round metal rnine with a nolbeab hh
pessure plate on top. The pessure plate b conc""
around its circumerence and has a sam around it to
acilitate colhpse under pressure. Thero is a tringed meti1
band which its around_ the pressure f,ato t prevent
accidenlal comprission irt transit and thlre t a "..yin
handle on the underside o the mine. tn lhe centre oi tn
base b a uze well or an anti-|ift dovice, proUaUry a p,trir
rnechanbrn such as Muv. The main uze is uakong na
has a clockwork dehy to arming and can bo in6d with a
tilt rod The mine 9mploys a shaped charge and b
pobabv desQned lo be rnechan'rcal or hand la-iC.
Tech n ical s pecif ication s
Explosive contenr Ux.
Totalwt.UK.
Activating pressure: UK.
Detection: l_ocaic;::,, '.rsual, Dogs
Fuze: EB&,6B pressuic c.;*rated ball reiained cocked
slnKer wn cbclilotr
*l"v to arming (simibr to M\Z-57
in operation and prhciple).'
Arming
Excavate cav for rnine to allow or 2_6cm o spoil
coverag when buri{lC. Posit'ron rnine and romove saety .
band rom around pessure plate. Partbl cover mine an
rmove_ lransit plug. Bemove transil p rom base o
uzo, check that uze b unarmed (Qnitor in horizontal
position)
and wound up. Scrar tuze int mine, cover mine
and uze..baving on the arming butlon exposed. Bemove
saety clip. dopress arming non. lbten or sound. o
mechanbm
_working, inal. camoulage mine. Oe to
arming b 1-2 minules.
N eutralisin g
Re.phce saaty band around pressure plato. (Not to be
upon i thera b any chnce o vhiclgs'traversing
re|ierJ.
mine.)
Disarming
checking atlaround and bengath or booby traps
lnco.yer,
or p,tlll mine. Unscratv and romove uze.

Method of Operation CAuruoil

The required possure applid to the top o lhe rnine Provbion or booby trapping. probabv MUV type pull
collapses the pfss_suro plale iransenngthe
:_:':1".and
load onto lho uze. Comprossbn o tho uzo albw
dev'rce.
the
:*::::"j:,lii.s Ua]! to all away (soe MV-s) releasing the
strtl(er which ires the detonator which in
tum initiato the
booster and the main charge
lMUN-5U rCJ lJlHtru. l ltJNAL f-lltf ylEly lftr l\_., lt vltltl- vv. .
I Iv
\

J\
W i-_.]
iT ;:-'
',--t
t-
l-t(}ll - 50
l;--+

Fl
ll
t-:i2 -l|l l
j
lIBll , i
:-tl
-L+-'

I
J
|1r
Px(oe,IItHtIfi
Lj, H}LtD.KrOp(;_..r *_,
nANrr^! INllrTcR
a..55- - {-
'r.

,--/+*
'\ ,,.L
-K2K
D. iion Arming
X\
The MON-SO b r cory o the American M-18'Claymore". The mine can be lairJ ushg ehhor the scbsor lo1
tt b made o 9 ,rss green coloured hiection mouldod pressed into the gmund or the a{ustaHe clamp to mot , .,
plasl'c and cornes in a kit containing an a{ustab|e thg mine on timber or metal oects. When the mine ;'.,,,.
mounting clamp, detonators and adaSors. lts }ethal range secure it 's aimed using a 0.6m hQh aiming ,661 6( i!:;.:
b 50m coveng an arc o 54 degrees. The preormed range o 10ms (see illustration). The initiation rnechant S:':,
ragments of segmented steel rod are bedded into a b then set up. (
matrix in the convex ront o lhe mine. ii,
Eithgr a command wire wilh an EDPr e}ectrb detonator i: :,,
NM initbtor with MBSM dolonator. a trip wke a
Tech n ical Specif ication
:

dotonating cord systam, l,VE-72 uze or VP-13 cont ,il .'

Explosive Content. 0.7k9 plastic exsivo unit. The mine b then camoulgoi{ .the detona, '

Totalwe{;h 2kgs
screwod into the mine and inal the saety mechanis i :

removed rom tha initiation system.

Detection: Vsual, trip wire eeler
Fuze: Tp - MUV-e 3. and 4, VPF with detonating cord
link N eutralising | ",
|.:.;l.,:
-:

Flctrbal - EDft ebctric dotonator or NM initiator and Trip w're - Trace both ends o lhe trip wire checking ;,,_.l
MDSM detonator with command wire, VP-3. MVE-72 other trip wires and mhrgs. When lrip wire b clgared a i_|,.
conirmed as a simple trip wire cut any detonating cc
'
,,..,
Method of Operation [nks. then cut tp wke 15omm rom niior and tig arou ;.:-].'.'

nilor lo socure trn Y,th VPF insort saety pr, irs$. ri:,
Eloctrbal command or eloctrical or rnechanical v'rctim i::,,",,;
operat'on causos the dotonator h the detonalor well to Electrbal - tdentiy and doal wilh init'ratbn mochan'sn i-;ii:
unctbn initbting the main charge and spreading shraprrel (see VP-13 and }{VE-72) or confirm command wke a !.;,;,';-:

ovor a 54 dogreo arc to hs ront. cut wire. ,i.,,

Disarming
:1 ':;:
i::,;".
.:',
Unscrew and remove detonalor or detonator and i;ni
'

assomb rom mino. Bomove detonator rom ignhor.

fi}
 l -rv..v l .lL-. Jlr.'ll. \r. :--ll1 l CLJ c)l_\) l lvlllYc

Description
PM.60 b a round y'astic mine with a slight rabed
pressure plate on top. Around the circumerence are a
series o recesses housing the plastb scrervs which
asten the two halves o the mine togethar. On the
unders'rde are two boosier welb with closing caps, a
central main well and soconday one or an anti lift device.
There b a handlrs or the arming ork on lop o the mine
and a olding caqying handle at the sile.
Arming
Unscrar contral booster assemb in undors'rde o mine
and screw uze into booster. Flemovo lransit saety ork
rom uze body and onsure that mine arming ork b pulled
oul Screw uze and booster assemb into mine. Push in
arming ork Removo dotopator plug. insert detonalor and
replace plug. Excavate caV or mine to atlow or 2-6cm
o spoit_coverage when buri}d. Posilion mine and partial
cover. Pult arming ork out. cover and camoulage mine.

Tech n ical specification N eutralising

xplosive contant 9.9 k9 TNT Push in arming ork
Totalrrn 11.akg
Activating pessure: 1 5S2O0kg
Detection: Vsua[ Probes. Dog, Locators (not chemical
Disarming
uze) Uncover, checking all around and beneath or booby traps
Fuze: Mechanbal prassure Chemicat pressure uze or plll mhe. Unscrew and renove uze and booster
assemb. Unscretry tuze rom booster and removo
, delonator rom booster.
Method of Operation '

When the required pessure b applbd to the top o the

mine the weakened circumeronce o tho pressure plato CAuT/oil
shears, transerring the load onto lhe uze head The uze
Provblrn or booby lrappring. Thought to be pessure
.head b dopressod causing lhe uze to unction.
roloase device.

M
MoN-90 A/P DlRECT|ONAL FRAGMENTAT|oN MlNE

ll1,0 THl]l{Hl{!J

; , ,.:,

or NM initiator with MDSM detonator, a trip wire and

Description detonating cord syslern. an MVE-72 or VP-13 control unit.
The mine is then camoubgod, the detonalor scrarred into
The MON-90 's a developrnent o the MON-50, it b the mine and final the saety mechan'sm removed rom
noticeab targrer in all dimansions and pobab desQned the init'ration syslem. !,...,:-

to superbede the MON-100 giving a wider leihal arc !i;;-;

(50-60 degrees) at its maximurn lethal range o 90-100M-
Xe tire MON-SO it 's made o grass green coloured N eutralisin g 'i;.':-:.

iniection moulded plastb, with preormed _ragments o

Trip-we - Trace both ends o trip wire checking or other
sgmented sleel rod bedded inlo a matrix in the convex
trip wires and mines. When trip wire b cleared and
i.,,,_"
ront o lhe mine.
confirmed as a simplc trip wiro cut any detonating cord
tinks. then cut trip wire 1SOmm rom ignitor and tie around
Tech n ical Specificatio n ignilor lo secure pin (with VPF insert saety pin irst)-
Explosive Content 2kgs E}ectrical- ldentify and dealwiih iniliat'lon mechanism (See i,
Totalweight 1Okgs VP-13 and MVE-72) or conirm command wire and cut
Detection: Vsual, trip wiro, eelers wire.
Fuze: Trip. MUV.2,3. and 4. VFP with detonaling cord link
E}ectrical - EDPr e}ectr'rc detonator or NM initiator and Disarming l .,a,
,.j i.,_.

MD-SM detonalorwith command wire, VP-13, MVE,72

Unscran. and ramovg dotonator or detonator and Qnhor
Method of Operation assemb rom mie. Bemove detonator rom i7nitor. l.

l! - '!,-t

Electricat command or ebctrical or rnechanbal victim

l] _ -
|..":-
oporation causes the delonator h the detonalor wel lo
unct'ton init'ating the main charge spreading shrapnel over
ronl 1,, .,.
the lethal araa lo hs
t |'

Arming
The mine b biJ using the a{usiable clamp to rnount the
's secure
mine on timbor or mgtal oocts, Whon the mine
il 's aimed using a 0.6m hQh aiming mark at a range o
10m (seo MON-50). The initbtbn rnechanbrn b lhen sel
 M-62M & P Arr METAL & P!_A,ST!C BI-AST MlNES
Description
TM.62M 's a round khaki rnetall'lc mine whh prov'sbn or a
webbing carrying handle on the base. TM-62P a round
plastic mine made rom brown bakelite and has vertical
riba around. ils circumerence. Both have a ra'sed top
section which 's not a pressure plate. and can accorno-
date the same uzes. though the metal uze },WZ-62's or
use wilh TM_62M, the lastic uze MWP-62 is or use wilh
TM-62P. The colhpsing pressure plate being integral 'rr
the uzes. There are no secondary uze welb or booby
trappng, possb rolying on MS-3 or improvbed rnethods.
Thb mine b desned to be mochanicat or hand hid.
There b abo a TM-62D (wooden) and TM_62B (car
board) mine which accomodate the same uzes, howev'er
they are less common and are not covered here.
Tech n ical Sp ecification
Explosive conlent 7k9 TNT
TotalwL 9.E5k9
Activating pfgssure: 1 7$250kg
Detect'ron: Locator (unrelbble or TM-62P), Probe, Vsual.
Dogs
Fuze: M\2-62 - pressuro operated ball retained cockod
striker, cloclrwork delay to rming CrM-62M)
MWP-62 - Pressure oporatd ball retained cocked striker,
bellows dehy to arming 6rM-62r1
Method of Operation
The required pessure appInd to the top o eilher uzg
d'tols and colhpses the housing transoning the load
onto the luze. Compress'ton o the uze allows the striker
retaining ball lo all away releasing the striker which ires
45
':r4
i.\i
y, o^!l>
;,
the detonator which in tum initiales the booster and rnain
charge.
Arming (MVZ-62 only)
Excavate cavity or rnine to allow or 2-6cm o spoil
coverag when buried. Poshion mine in hole and parthl
covor. remove transit plug. check booster b in tuze wall"
Remove transit cap rom uze. check that fuze 's unarrned
(ignilor in horizontal posit'nn) and screw luze into mine.
lnsert key into uze head and lum 1 revolut'ron clochrbe
to wind up mechankm. CovLr mine leaving arming button
exposed Flemove saety clip and depress arming button,
lbten or sound o mochan'sm working. inal camoulage
mine, Delay to arming 6&,70 seconds.
N eutralising (MVZ-62 only)
lnse key and tum 1 revolution (as or arrning). Thb tums
detonator through 9O degrees inio the horizontal position.
Disarming
Uncovor rnine checking al around and beneath or booby
lrap or ptll mine. Unscrerp and rgmovg uze (both
li/\z_62 and MWP-62)
CAUTIO/V
MS_3 or irnprovbed booby traps
CAUTIOrV
Soe abo MVN-72 Magnet'r lnluenxce uze
 l
l.

l, i= F,r,,.l

l
l l
l.. i

:
L
'
_. ).

8.
.
\iii-

Description Arming
MON-100 and 2O0 rnines are kJent'rcal in construction, The mine b la'xJ by driving the steel sprike into the grounc
operation and ornployment differing on in size and post. ireo or other otiect. The mine b then attached to tht
efective rang. They consbt o a circuhr dbhed. plate spike by the suspension shackle. secured with the winc
with segmenled steel rod ragments in its concave ace. nuts and aimed at the targt aroa using the shlin|
The detonator well b locatod central in th's ace. A dev'rce and method shown in the diagram. The init'niior-
complete rnine comprbes o a securing spike, suspension mechanbm 'ts then set up. Either a command wire with ar
shackle and the mine body itsel. EDPr ebctrb detonptor or NM initiator and MD-st
detonator,a trip wir and detonating cord system, a
Tech nical Specificaton LryE-72 uze or VP-13 control unit. The mine 's ther
camoulaged, the detonator's screwed into lhe mine anc
MoN-10o MoN-200 inal the saety rnechan'rsm removed rom the init'ntion
Explosive Content 2kgs 12k9s system.
TotalWeigh Skgs
]

25k9s
Diameter: 236mm 43lmm N eutralisin g
Eectivgrang: lOomts 2O0mts
Trip wire - Trace both ends o the trip wire checking or
Detect'ron: Vsual. trip wire eeler othor trip wiros and rnings. When trip wire b cloared-anc
Fuze: Trip - MUV,2,3,and 4, VPF with dgtonating cord link conirmed as a simple trip wire cut any detonating cord
tinks, lhen cul trip wire 1S0mm rom Qnitor and l'le arounc
Electrical - EDPr electric detonator or NM init'ator wil,h
i;nilor to sogure pn (W'tth VPF insert saety pin irst).
MD-SM detonalor with command wire, VP-13 ar NE-72
Ebctrbal - ldentify and deal whh hit'ration mechanbm -
(see VP-3 and MVE-72) or c,onirm command wire anC
Method of Operaton cut.
Etectrical command or elrrctrbal or mechanical victim
operation causes the dtonator in the detonator well to Disarming
unct'ron initiating lhe main chargo and prcliecting shraprrel
to a range o 10Om covering an arc o 9.5m in the case o Unscraw and remove detonator or detonalor and i;nitor
MON-100 and 2O0m covering an arc o 14.5m in the case assemb rom rnine. Bemove dolonator rom nitor.
o MON-200.
 t--t
n\
n
l
l /l
l ll
i:\
/l?,1
,/

'7
Descripton
TM-57 's a round metal mine, khaki
in cobur with a
plate on_top which rbes as a sgrios
?:essur,e o concentric
h* a second uz.r well on the
:!1PP",d 'ing..which accomodates
clrcum,erence ,h_
operated anti-lift device. There -s an UUV type prln Arming (MVZ-57 only)
a carrying tan wicl,
"or,
olds ht onto lhe base. TM-57 "- U" r,"n
Excavate cavity or rnine lo allow 2-6cm
o spoil coverage
mechanical laid whon brtrrie Posit'ron mine. parrl'io-u"l.
and remove
lransit plug-
Tech nical Specification Bemove transit cap rom.uze. check
({lniior in horizontal positbn)'";J;o;;; uze b unarmed
that
Explosive conlent: 7k9 TNT up. Screw uze
Tolalw 9.5k9 into mine and covei. teavig-onY'iui rr""a
axposed.

ffietli* j::i *:i

Aclivating pessure: 2O0-3OOk9 MVSh-S7:

Delection: Locator, Vsual, Probes,

21kg pllV&nm
arrning 2$3O seconds.
#,g: l l:
'F_u.le: Do5
M\rz7,
slriker, cloclrwork Oelay rormin-
*''"'''
Pressure oper_aled batlretained cocked N eutralsng
MVSh-S7 - Till rod operaled batl ietained
cocked striker Thb mine cannol be neutralbEd.
Method of Operation Disarming
The requed pressure app|H to lhe
distorls and. colbps_es. 'lire
top o thg rnine
'-|""ruru Uncover rning chocking all around and beneath
or boo{
. :i;p
lranserring the toad onlo the ruzd.-oriession p{ate traps or puil mine, Unscran and remove
uzo.
uze allows the striker retaining l o the
LVZ-I| rebasing t -;i,ii;i-'*]iU,
to iuli'J*uy (soe MV-S
1n9
delonator which in tur initiate;-iil'noor,r, ires the
and main
Curloil
charge. fto,r::llgr.booby tlnrys. MUV or VPF
type plU dovice
and MDSM delonaior in's weil.
48
MRUD JP L)lREcTloNAL FRAGMENTAT|ON MlNE UGo

@,
ag*V \

",
=;*
E_a Ftntt

The inhiat'ron mechanbm 's set up, ehher electrical or

Description
The MBUD b a simpliied copy of the M-18 "Claymore". h
's made o injectbn moulded plasl'r and comes h a kit
cons'sting ol a shguldor bag, mine, 3Om o iring cable,
detonalor and sleeve and a rnanual hduclor lor iring.
mechanical command or trip wire with an 'pnitor and a
detonaling cord link to rnine. The detonator 's then
inserted into the mine. The rnine b camoulaged and the
inat safety mechanbm removed rom the initiation system.
;-
Neutralising
-.,a

Lsthal range b SOm covering an arc o 6O deyees. Ball ii*:,,

t,::,
bearings ot 5.5mm rameter are ffi
i. - '..,
into the Gonvax
ront ol the mine
Tp wire - Trace both gnds o lrip wire checking or other
trip wires and rnines. When lrip wire b cloared and
conirrned as a simple|rip wire. ctrt trip wire 150mm rom
Tech nical Specification nitor and tie around-nitor lo secura prin, cut any
Explosive Conten[ 0.9kg lastic explosive detonating cord links.
Totalweht: 1.Skgs Ebctrical - ldentify and deal with initiat'ron mechanbm or
Detection: Vsual trip wire eeler conirm cornmand wire and cut. |-
Fuze: Eleclrical - Electrb detonator fired by command wire
Tp - UPM-1, R&1. MUV !;nitorwith detonator and
detonating cord link to mine CAt/TlOlV
Ber,rrare advanced or improv'sed electrical initbtion.
Method of Operation -_, .

Disarming
:, .:
r'J i.T:'
Electr'rcal or mechan'tcal command or mochanical v'tctim
operation causes the detonator in the delonator well lo
unction inithting the main charge and spreading shraptol Unscraw and rEmove detonator, detonating cord anor i " ,-,}

over a 60 degrees arc to its ronl delonator and nitor assomb. Flemovg detonalor rorn }: ,:" ,,

i9nitor.

Arrning i.: , ,.

Thg mine b laid using lho sc'ssor leg, pressod into the
ground o any improvbed systom. When the mine 's
secufe it b aimed using ihe knie odge sQht and limit o
arc rnarkers on lop o the mine and an aiming mark
 TM-4t, & lMN-4tj A/ l MEALLIC Bt-A,s,r MlNES
Description
TM-46 b a round metal mine, khaki in colour with a
pressue plate on top which es in a series o concentric
stepped rings. h has a ra'sed rolted edge around lhe
uppe,r sudace circumerence, a car4ying handle on the
skJe with a iller plug under the hand}e. TMlt-lS b kientical
to TM-46 excepl thal it has a secondary uzE wall in lhe
base threaded to take an MUV type pull operated. anti-lift
device. Copied by Chinese and Egyptians.
Tech nical Specif ication
Explosive Content 5.3k9 TNT
Totalw 8.81k9
Activating pressure: 120-400kg MVSh-4,6: 21kg pll, 3mm
tia
Detection: Locators, Probes. Vsual, Dogs
Fuze: MV.S + scalloped cap. Pressure operated ball
retainod cocked striker
MVM Pressure operal,ed ball retained cocked striker wilh
saety pin
MVSh'-46 Tilt rod operated ball rotained cocked striker
(see MVSh_46 uze)
. Method of Operation
The required pessure appl'}ed to the top o lhe mine
distorts and collapses the stepped presue phte
lranserring the load onto the uze. Dompression o the
uze allows the striker retaining ball to all away (soe MV-5
aniJ MVM) roleasing the strikr which ires te detonator
which in turn initiates the booster and rnain charge.
50
USSR
o-6
Arming
Excavate cavity or mine to allow 2-6cm o spoil coverage
when burie Position mine, partially cover and remove
transil y'ug.
a) MV-S Fn MD-6 detonator to MV-S and insert in booster.
Screw on scalloped cap - mine now armed. Cover and
camoulage mine
b) MVM Fit MD-6 detonator to MVM. Screw MVM into
mine. Remove saety pn, cver and carnoulage mine.
c) MUV anti lift wh TMN_46 - (see illustrat'nn). ln this
appfrcatbn MUV has to emy'oy double threaded MD-6N
detonator
Neutralising
On mine ined with MVM can be nautialised by inserting
saety pin or simibr through the MVM uze hea
Disarming
Uncover mine checking all around and beneath or booby
trap or prlll rnine. Unscrew uze or scalloped cap and
remove uze. Unscrew MD-6 detonator rom uze.
CAUTIOrV
Piov'sion or booby trapping. MUV type pull device.
 fi$j |.*i

j4
.]," pPM-a
l
I

Description Aming
PPM-2 has a round black plast'c body with ranl Unscrew top rom mine, d'sconnect grey wire rom end o
strengithening n'bs. On the bnge _ around the circum- saety pin and connect to ebctric detonator. Clip detonator
erene ther are two lugs with hobs, one often has a into o'tder and replace mine top. Excavate cavity or lhe
spfing carrying clip itted.he mine has an olctrical uze mine to allow or 2cm o spoil coverage when burbd,
." *it"ved arming. tt b kefl sae by a short circuit Place the mine in the hole and paial cover, Bemove the
"na
system which ensures ihat the dotonator cannot fire until ..rning pin and careul cover and amoubge the rnine
the mine b ul arrned
being-reut not to Bxet any pfessure on the pfessure
pbte] rire rnine will be armed 1.5 , 3 hours after the saety
b removed
Tech ni cal Speciication pin

Explrcsive Content 1109rns TNT N eutralisin g

Totalweight 371gms
Activating pressure: 1 1-1Skgs Thb mine cannot be sao neutralbed
Detection: Locator (up to 0.2m) vbual, probe
Fuze: tntegral P'rezoelectric implbe wilh lead strip delay to Disarming
armlng
Uncover the mine checking careul all around and
Method of Operation beneath or booby trap o prll the rnine.

When the saety pin's withdrawn a tension sping causes

a rneral edgo tb sta cutting through a lead delay stp,
Aftor a deb o 1.$3 hours thb cuts thmugh the load strip
and allows ihe spring to pl,rll the short circuit contac{, away
rom the tiring ccul. Aitgr th's stage apprcation o the
required presure to the prossure plate colbpses the _lop
o ine mine and depresses the plunger on the pi*ooloc,
tric impulse g.nurotor. Thb genorates an electric impulse
wh'rch (now that th6 shot circuit system has been
rumou ires the eleciric delonator which detonates the
main chargo.
CAuTloil
Do not appty any pfessure to tho pressure plate.
Grip6in9 the mirie by the slCes on. unscrew and remove
rte'lop-tratt. (l the mine will not unscrew. cut the sealing
gaskei with jcalpel or simibr and ptrll away _the soaling
can be
,astat with pfiers or by hand. Now the rnine
nscrewed}. b'sconn"cl and remove de!,onator rom iring
circuit.

tr{
 MK-2 Afr METALL|O SHAPED CHARGE MlNE

,T,-
i

I
l

Description Arming
TMK-2 mine body 's a doubte truncated cone seamed Cut detonating cord to }engrth and connect to primary.and i'
around its circurnierence. The uppor ha b the stand of secondary deionators and adap{or. Bemove transit plugs
cone and the lower hal{ contains the shaped charge, rom bot detgnator wolb, screw in secondaqy detonator
Attachad to the side
's a mounting to take a tilt rod uze, and secure detonating cord link to prirnary well by bending
On the }rrwer hal ot lhe body 's a carrying handla, a liller connector clip over. F}cavate cavity or mine lo allow spoil
plug, a bbttom plate or accass to the booster charge and to iust covai stand ot cone when buried Posii'ton mine
a hrge detonator well an partial cov6r. Attach MD,7M detonator to uze.
,"rnow transit cap and (screur in uze. Cover and
camoulage mine.
Tech ni cal Speciication
F:plosive content: 6kg TNT N eutralising
Totalwt 12.5kg
Activating pressure: 8-1 2kg orc24"36' tilt Cut detonating cord link lo secondary detonator or
Detection: Locator, Vsual. Probes, Dogs uns crev secondary detonator.
Penetration: 11Omm
Fuze: MVK-2 Tilt rod operaied ball retained cocked striker Disarming
(same operating principle as MVSh-z)
Uncover mine checking all around and beneath or booby
trap or prrll mine. Unscrery and remove uze, remove
lv{ethod of Operation U-ZU &tonator rom uze- Remove primary dtonator
The required bteral orce appl'red lo the toP o ihe tilt rod lrom uze well and seconday delonator rorn boosler,
causes the tilt rod to bend. The bending o the tilt rod
causes the relaining rod to be drawn uprard lifting the hall
retaining cup lo tree the retaining balb. Thb roleasEs lhe CAUT/OH
striker which initiates the MD-7M detonalor and the Neutralbe i possibls beore prrlting due to danger o
primary detonator. The detonal'ton wave b can* down a
bending tilt rod.
detonaiing cord link to initiate the secondary detonator.
Th's in tum initiates the booster and main charge. The
shaped charge wilh lhe added efect o a wav6 shaper CAUT/OIV
irsuprards into the underside o lhe vehble which
activated the tilt rod. Do not hold tilt rod when removing uze.
PMN /P PRESSURE OPERATED tst_A,.j i MINE

@{Ti.,..., ilr,i*..

I716lsl4 1312u

Description Arming
The bo o the PMN 's made o olive 9r6on or brown Excavate cav lor the mine to albw 2,4cm o sp i,,-.,
bakelile, the top ha having a rubber cover wh'ch_'s covorag when buried Bemove dotonator plug and inse l.,-:
secured by a thin metal band The PMN has a 5-20 min M}9 dotonator, roPaco y'ug. Place rnino in prepared ho ts
detay to arming and due to the brge expbsive content and palbl covor. Remove saety pin. Cover ar i'::_
iniuriss rom thb mine can often be atal Chinese versbn camoubge the mine being careul not to oxert at
,
;

o PMN b Hack in colour and known as Type 58. pessure on the pessure Pate. The mine will be arrnr . ,

1$20 rnin after the saety pin b remove,d

Technical Specification
;

F_rplosive Content 240gms TNT Neutralising

TotalweQh[ O0gms Thb mine be neutral'sed. thE orurard movement
Activating Pressure: &25k5 the striker ""nno
prevents saety pin replacmenl
Detoction: locator (approx. 0.5m) Vsua| Probe,Dogs
Fuze: lntegral cocked stnker, dehyed arming Disarming
Method of Operation Uncover lhe mino checking all around and beneath
boobY traPs'
,

When the salety pin 's withdrawn the prossura o the iring
pin spring causes a steel wire to start cutti,rg through a
CAuTlont
lead delay strip (kJenlicath prhciple lo lhe MUV-2 nitor). Do not app any pessure lo tho rubber pressure plale.
Aler a delay of 5-20 min thg wire cuts through the lead
Holding the mine by the bakelite sides on, unscrow ll
strip and allows the strikor to move orward to be retained
dtonato lug and romovo the detonator. Having remove
by a step in the actuating plunger. After thb stago tho
applicatbn o 6kg o mo6 to the possure plate will lhe detonalor the striker assembl can be removed t
,

depress the actuating plunger, releasing the striker which

depressing the pressuro Pate to ire the stnter o
through the detonator ori'rcg towards the ground
ires the detonator wh'rch h lum dotonates the main
charge.
TMK-z Arr METALL|C SHAPED CHARGE MINE

Description Arming
TMK-2 mine body 's a double truncated'scone seamed Cut detonating cord to lengrth and connect io primary."nd ;''
:

around its circumierence. The upper hal the stand of
cone and the tower hal{ contains the shapd charge,
ABached to the side b a mounting to take a tilt rod uze,
On lhe lower hal o the body 's a carrying handle, a iller
plug, a bbttom plate or access to iha booster charge and
a hrge detonator well
Tech nical Specif ication
secondary deionators and adap{or. Bemove lransit plugs
rom bot detonator welb, screw in secondary detonator
and secure detonating cord link to primary well by bending
connector clip over. *cavate cavity or ming to allow spoil
to iust covei stand of cone when burbd Position rnine
an partial covor. Attach M},7M detonator to uze,
,"mou" rrnsit cap and screl,rr in uze. Cover and
mine. (
camoulage

Fxplosive content 6kg TNT

Totalw 12.5kg
N eutralising
Activating pressure: 8,1 2kg lorc24'-36' tilt Cul detonating cord link to secondary detonator or
Detection: l-ocator, Visual. Probes, Dogs un cret secondary detonator.
Penetralion: 11Omm
Fuze: MVK-2 Tilt rod operated ball retained cocked striker Disarming
(same operating principle as MVSh,46)
Uncover rnine checking all around and beneath or booby
lrap o plll mine. Unscretv and remove uze, remove
lvethod of Operation U-ZU &tonator rom uze. Remove primary detonator
The required lateral orce appfred to ths toP o the titt rod rom uze well and seconday detonator lrom boosler,
causes the lilt rod to bend. The bending o the tilt rod
causes the retaining rod to be drawn uprard liftinglhe ball
retaining cup to ree tire retaining balb. Thb releases tha CuTloil
striker which iniliates the MD,7M detonator and the Neutralbo i possibb beoro pulting due lo danger o
primary detonator. The detonation wave b caniod down a
bonding tilt rod.
detonaiing cord link to initiatg lhe secondary detonator.
Th's in tm initiates the boosler and rnain charge. Tho
shaped charge with the added eecto a wave shaper CAUT|OIV
irsuprrards into the unders'rde o the vehble which
activated the tilt rod. Do not hold tih rod when removing uze.
PMN /P PRESSURE OPERATED tst-Ai: i- MINE

|ir]:..

zl2013,6
zl20 13 ,6 1716,sl4 13Izn .

Description Arming i
i,."
'

The body o the PMN b made o olive 9r9en or brown Excavale cav or the mine to albw 2,4cm o sp i-.-,,
bakalite, tho top hal having a rubber cover wh'rh_b covorag when b*rric Remove dotonator plug and inse l,,.,-'
secured by a thin metal band The PMN has a 15-20 rnin MD.9 detonator, roplae,e plug. Placo mine in prepared ho
-
dehy to arming and duo to the hrgre expbsive content and paialv covor. Remove saety pin. Cover ar i,.__
injuries rom thb mine can otten be atal Chinese vers'ton camoulage the mine being caroul not lo exgrt a |,

o PMN b Hack in cotour and known as Type 58. pressuro on the pesus Pate. The mine will tre armt ,
1$20 min after the saety pin 's removed
,

Tech nical S pecif ication

Explrcsive Content 240gms TNT
Neutralising
Total weht Oogms Th's mine neutral'sed, thg orward movement
-nnob"
Activating Pressure: &25k5 the striker pfevents saety prin relacmenl
Detection: locator (approx. 0.5m) Vsual Probe,Dogs
Fuze: lntegral cocked striker, dobyed arming Disarming
Method of Operation Uncover the mine checking all around and boneath
boobY traPs'
,

When the saaty pin b withdrawn the prossure o tha iring

pin spring cause a stoel wira lo start cutting through a
CAt/Tlolv
lead dohy stp (kJent'lcalh prciple tg the MUV-2 nitor). Do not app any pessuro to tho rubber pressuro plalo.
Aler a delay o 't5-20 min thg wire cuts through the load
Holding the mine by the bakelite sl3es on, unscrerrr tl
stp and allows the strikgr to rnove orward to be retained
detonator plug and romovo the detonator. Having romove
by a step in lhe actuating plunger. After th's stago the
applbation o 6kg o moro lo lhe possure plate will the detonator the,striker assemb can be removed t
depress lhe actuating p{unger, releasing the striker which
depressing lhe pressure Pate lo fire the stnJ<er o
through the detonator ori'rce towar the ground
fires the detonator wh'rch h lum dotonates tho main
charge.
 Tl"E-l) T1-1T3
|:-|l:| ll lli H 1-o-
l

r MB-D TN
5-93 i4j
kino! xy
A. B-D - A.r!l T.nk ln!.
B. TNT - lln ch.gc typc
c. 55 - :ln Ch.rgG 9cight
1. Hin9ed Block
2. Pressure Block
3. Fixed block
4. Sevcut to veaken lid
5. Car ryi ng ha.nd l e
6. Paper or Tr-pape
vrapped cast TNT blocks
7. Plper rrrlpped cast
TNT Booster
a. ,lrin ch.rge over board
9. Explosive depth strlp
1o. l1V-5 Pressure Fuze
ll. Use <j lo<king rtrip
t2. conwergion to Ap rnine
by renoving top
13. conwersion to Ap alne
by blo<k under booster
!4. Booby t.pped nethod uith
9renade' (insurgent S.A. )
15. Booby trepped nthod vith
pressure svltch (lnsurgent Rh)

Description
TMD-B dates rom 1943, but b still in use throughoul the
world. The mine casing b o wood, square with 3 blocks
3cross.the top and a strip in their grooved ends. On the
skJe b a carrying handle. The mine can be easiv
'manuactured
ry bcal labour where neefu and qualit
varies rom skilH ioinery to crude nail and gluL
construction. These mines are well suited to to improvbed
booby traps due to the space insirJe them and the ease o
anaching ittings to them. Thb rnine b well suited to
insurgent wadare, and many variations occur. TMS44 b
ir3entical lo TMD-B excp( it has a bakelite cap covering
the uze instead o a hinged woodn board
Technical Specifications
Explosive content 5.5-7k9 Amanile, Picric acid etc
Totalu/t 7.$9kg
Activating pressure: A20Ok9 y'P convension 5.Skg
Detection: Locators (t"{V-s delectabte). Probe, Vs ual, Dogs
Fuze: MV-S Pressure operated ball relained cocked
sirker.-(O.the types o uze could be employod whh some
lmprovaIlon).
)
Arming
Excavate cavity or mine to allow 2-4cm o spoil coverag
when buriad. Posil'ron mine and partial cover. F,t MD-2
detonalor to MV-S. Uft central board, it uze assemb into
booster. Close hinged board and secure with lockin sht.
Cover and camoulage mine. See illustrat'ron or conver-
sion lo r'VP.
N eutralisation ,
Thb mine cannol be neutra[sed.
Disarming
Uncover mine checking all around and.beneath or booby
traps or pull mine. Remove locking slat and open hinged
boar
CUTloil
Uh board using drawing pn and line or sirnibr. Remove

uze assemb and separate detonator rom,MV-S.

Method of Operation
The required pressure applied to the top o lhe mine
CAUTlOlY
causes the wooden top to shear along the pre-cut These rnines have been extensively booby trapped.
,grooves, allowing the centrat board Enough space in rnine lor batteries and swilche etc:
to colhpse lransmil-
iing the pessure v'ra the pessuro block onto the uze
head. Compressbn o the uze allows the striker retaining
ball to all away, (see MV-S) releasing the striker whic
ires the detonator whbh in tum initiats lhq booster and
main charge. EA
 PMN-z A/P PRESSU FlE oPERATE ]I-A,ST MlNE

,F"i

i
Ii,-l..

,<:-/
8'
!,- -:1-2
, i-'b_1
\-.j

G.:r--- i
z=-o\
i'r :\ f --
16i L !- !-
l l} ,Jr,i
_ - ...---t:
{ll :

-
Clo5rc rinc
-
1.
9. Stri}rcr rE.Slidcr gpr|.^c Cbw
Z,? r c srt, . p l a'tc tovc r 9. Pt"nrcrr>rt t6. 5tcnr p|n J
J
3.*i|c^irq plolc lD. 8"jrtc; T7. rr,jla hoxdlc
4. 9ras<rrre"S<rcu' I?. 8oocv r?tt Crry!, 18. Arrnir.i rod
5. Plc_crura pleb l?. D<.torroLor 19,. Slies'atrcslar
6. Lo<5er 13. 9{i*r ost-H{ 2O. &c;tlougiDrircJ
|. ?lvr5er 14.9i< y!a' 2l. Bdlo}r ,'
Descripton Arming
PMN-2 b des'pned as the rodacement or the PMN. Both
rnines are simibr in size. The obvious eaturgs on the
Excavate the cav or the rnine lo allow or 2-km of spo '
coverag when burirrd Piace thE mine in the hole n, , ,,
PMN-2 aro lhe cruciorm b|ack rubber pesure plate and partialv cov6r. Twbt and plll out_the arrning kqy. Caroutt
,
Y
the colour. The body b o bright greon inieclion'moulded cover and camoulage the mine. Do ot'exert ani i. ,-
plastic. The PMN-2 has.a,complex-bellows operated dehy pessure on the pfessure plate. The rnine will be arm :..,.
lo arming systern and b despned to be resbtant l 2-3 min after removal o the key.
explosive clearance methods. F''.*

Tech n ical Sp ecif ication N eutralisin g(.. ',

Fxplosive Content 1O09ms TNT/RDX Thb mine cannot be neutralised, operatbn o the arrninc
mochanbm cannot be reversed. - - -- ' i
i,
Totalwebht: 4O9ms
:,.
.

Activating pressure: 6k5

Detection: l-ocatort (approx. 0.3rn) Visuat, Probes, Do5 Disarming !

Fuze: lntegral. cocked stnker, delay to arming

Uncover the mine checking att aroun'd and benaath or I
booby traps.
Method of Operation I

|i
i

the arming key. breaking lhe shear pin and pr.rll out
]:b'
lne arTnlng ken7. Thb releases the bellows which arg L:,rr;
pres_:ure. s they close they ree the Do not app any pale.
.,+
:k.r.d_bv .sn"n_g
detonator housing ","?:i::::-rprassure
l_
which slirJos across thg rnine until Holding thg mine by lh9 the lastic body on, turn upsi3o L,...
k.
stoppd by th6 activaling y'ungor. When pressura .s ii
applied lo the activating fiurigoritre detonatr assembly own and unscroty (anti cbclbe) the booster plug using
a
|.,j
completes its movement afining with the striker and square tool Bemove thg booster. Thb Ureats ttr |-
l,
, ,.
.

booter. The striker carries oi,,la under spring prr"*." explosive chain but leaves the detonator capable o being |,

ii,
to initiato the detonator whbh in tum iniiiates the ired (it will not init'lale the charge). Unscrewing th; l

boosler detonalor rotaining plug and rernovig the delonato and

i,

ollowed by the main charge.

spfing onsures ull saety. ffh's flu b bonded in and
I

dificult lo remove even wh a.special io|.

Profile or booster plug tool

!t
TM41 & TM44 Arr METALLIC B[3ST MlNEs

l
:]:

nli

Arming
Description Excavate cavity or mine to albw 2,6cm of spoil covefage
TM41 and 44 mines are iJentical in principlra and when burbd. Fosit'nn the mine and partial cover" F?t
's hrger MD2 deonator to MV,S uze. Remove central rnetal cao
ooeration- The onV ditference boing that TM-44
iriun rU-+r. Thesl mines are very simple in operat'nn, and inseri detonalor and MV,S into lhe booster, Relace
in" circular and quite high. lrroking very like a cake cap. cover and camoulage mine.
"r. the circumerence at the top o the mine
tin. Around are a
series o comlgations to allrrw or d'stort'ron
cornpressed. Thjtop o lhe mines havg radbl strengthen,
when
Neutralising (

,; and a centralrnetal cap. On th.9_s o the mine b These mines cannot be neutralbed
a L.rying handle and on the base a iller plugr Copied by
the chinese. Disarming
Technical Speciication Uncover mine checking atl around and bilneath or booby
p" o, pxrll mine. Rerove metal cap and rernove MV-S
TM-41 and detonator. Separale detonator lrom MV-S.
TM-44
Explosive conlent: 3.8kg 7.25kg
Totalwt 5.4kg 5.5kg
Activating pressure: 200kg 20Ok9
Datect'ron: locators, Probes, Visual. Dogs
Fuze:lrV-S pessure operated balt retainod cocked striker

Method of Operation
The required pressuro applbd to the top o the mine
distorts'and colbpses the top o lhe mine around the
corrugated curcu-.rence. translening lho load onto the
-Compession
uze. o the uze allows the striker rotaining
ballto lall iway (see MV.S) releasing the striker io fire the
detonator wnn'in turn initiates the booster and main
 YATA A/P PFIESSURE oPERATED BI_AST MlNE HU NG

il"-,
L-]
l t+sn_ l

Description
GYATA baHungarbn cory ol the Sovirgt PMN and
lhough veqy simibr lhero are some noticoable diferences.
The
-mine
body b o brown bakelite, the top hal{ having a
black rubber cover. GYATA has two possibte delay to
arming timgs. 1.5 and 2.5 minules. The explosive content
beingiven greater than the PMN will tend lo }ead to atal
injuries.
Arming
Excavate cav or rnine io albw 2-4cm o spoil coverage
when buriod. Screry in detonator y'ug (unlike the PMN, the
detonalor b an integral part o th's y'ug). Place mine in
prepared hole and partialv cover. Bemove saety pin.
Careul cover and camoubge mine being careful not lo
exerl any pessure on the pessure plate. The mine will be
arrned 1.5 or 25 minutes after the safety pin b rernoved.

Tech nical Specificatio n Neutralising'

Exptrrsive conten 30ogms TNT Thb mine cannol be neutralbed. the orward mot'ton o the
Total welht: 5209ms striker prevents saety n replacemenl
Activating pressure: Skgs
Detection: Localor, Vsual, ftobe Disarming ;: .-.; ,. ,
Fuze: lntegral cocked striker, delayed arming
.

Uncovgr the mine checking all around and undemeath or i:,,-

Method of Operation booby traps or prll mine. i ",.,.
i..,.,,

When tho saeby pin b withdrawn the pf6ssur9 o the iring , '
CAUTlOlV
'.'i:. ,
:-'
plin spring caues a steel wke to start cutting through a
-1'
:],
' '. 1'-,

ioaa eU stp (kJenticalin prhciplo to lhe MUV,2nitor). Do not app arry peurg to rubbor pressurs plata.
\.,:'_.:;
After a dehy o either 1.S or 25 minutes the wire cuts
through the lrcad stp and allotvs lhe strikor lo movo Holding the mino by the baketite siCos on, unscrotv and [ , ,';,,j,
'a.'::,"1i
orwaid to be retained by a slep in tho acluating plunger. remov the dgtonaiing paug. Having romove,d the plug and h.::., i,.j;
Aler th's stago the applicat'nn o Skgs or moro possure dolonator, the striker assemb can be romoved bY l: ...-
dopressing tho prossure late to iro the striker out
- ,,
..
to ihe pressure plato wilt depross lho actuatin9 yng",.
l,,,

through the detonator orilice towards the ground.

|' ..;
rebsing lhe strikor wh'lch kes tho detonator which in lurn l ,,,

detonales the main charge.

!..,

57
 M-3B Arr METALL|C BL-AST M|NE

-r--

4
l

ri
TM-38 |,::
-.*e tl;,
o-d
3*-is {o
mx
"6*;e* ,3:,

*-* \

Description
TM-38's a square metal mine with a rabe,d pessure plate
that has 4 diagone,l reinorcing rib. tt has a hingred
carrying handle wit!: pivoting uze well covEr beneath h.
The mine b usual} gr or olive drab coloured and
although a WWll mine it may still bg encountered.
lmprovbed booby trapping 's cornrnon and i( b recorded
that one vers'ron o thb mine was equipped with a plunger
type anti tift rnechanbm on the bonom o lhe mine, and a
striker rnechanbm held back by a projection on the
p,ivbting uze well cover. Botating the uze welt cover lo
9t at the uze rg}eased the striker against a supplrsmen-
tary detonator.
Tech n ical Sp ecif ication
Fxp{osive Conten 3k9 TNT
Totalwt Skg
Activating pfessure: 250k9
Vsual, Probes, Dogs
Deiect'ron: Locators.
Fuze: MUV pin retained cocked striker
Method of Operation
The required pressure appl"red to the top o the mine
d'stos and collapsas the posuro date orcing tho
pessuro boh down onto the uze actuatlng bver wh'rh
has been ke6 stat'nnary by a saety pn ty spring. The
depressod uze activating levor prrlb tho striker retaining
pn out o lhe MUV nitor iring the percussion cap,
detonalor and main chargre-
Arming
Excavale cavity or mine lo allow or 2-4cm of spoil
coverag when burigd. Screw MD2 detonator onto the
MUV nitor.lnsert nitor into uze well through the
opening undor the carrying handle (h doe not screrr in).
Keep the loop o the stn}er relaining pin uprards so that il
ongags in tho narrow end o the uze actuating cover.
clrsE lhe pvoted uze w6il cover. Place mine i cavity,
covor and camoubge mine.
N eutralisin g
Thb mine cannol be neutralbed
Disarming
Uncover mine checking all around and beneath or booby
traps or plll mine. Open pivoted tuzo welt cover and
withdraw MUV nhor, separale MD-2 detonator rom
nitor.
CAUT|OIV
unless it can bg conirmed lhat l b not the rnodglwith the
buiil in booby trap ahays ptrll or blow in siiu.
 }JD-6 A/P WooDEN PRESSURE oPERATED MlNE

N7
t.,,-,.
B,ij;.
l
; _,1

i, ,1 .

)escrintio n Arming
re FMD.6 .;;rie_ All mine which b still often Lift lhe lkl, insort TNT charge in box. lnsert MUV and
rcountered. has a natural wood. green. brown or black
}t MD.2 detonator assembV lhrough hole in ront o box and
coden case with a hingred td that ovorbps the sides. A into the charge. Tum striker retaining n so that the loop
jep groove 's cul in lhe ront end o the l'xl so that it will b down. Place mine h prepared hole, close the lki
: ' :a

over lhe nitor and rest on the stiiker retaining pin. Careul cover and camoubge with 4cm o spoil. t there
:me rnodob are itted with a saety rod. Many variations b a saety pin th's should be rernoved rom a dbtance F-,+..
thb mine have been encountered. Those types o with a lengrth o cord
l.-,,:

ines are or short term use on as they qu'rk corrode,

jt o are ealen by insacts.
Neutralising (

-e
ch n ical Specif ication s Can be achieved by simp opening the l'xl _o the mine,
th's should be done by plling rom a sae dbtance due to
xplosive Conten normalty 2Oogms TNT bbck !h6 k o booby traps. } box b drilled or a saety pin,
atalweighL 0.4kg insert pin or similar to prevent lil rom closing. or rotate
ctivating pressure: 1-2k9s (PMD_6), &,28kgs (PMD-6M) nitor through 180 degrees to prevon pin being orced
etect'ron: 1-ocators (approx.0.4m, bss whh plastic MU9 ouL
bual, Dogs, Probes
,:zg: MUV. MUV-2,3, and 4
Disarming i' ':.:

iethod of Operation Uncovor chocking all around and bgnealh or booby traps
or plll mino. Open llC and romove nitor and dotonator
;; *l
:;1.,i
|i:,_.:ql,
M}6 mines have been used with a rrip wiro (seo assernb. Unscrer,v the dotonator rom lhe Qnitor. i; ;,
,.

ustralion). More usual pressura activated as lollows. ii'; ',,:

assuro applk}d lo tho lop o thg rnino cbses ihe hingod

l. Tho striker rotaining n b prrshed out by the CUT/OrV *
":,.
,.:,

:wnard movomant o the odge o the l'yJ, tho striker - Strikor pin socured to stako beneath mine (see
Ant'Fl?tt
itiates the porcuss'on cap and the MD-2 detonalor which, i,
illustration).
, turn init'lales the rnain charge.
 MVN-72 MAGNET|C INFLUENCE FUZE
Description
' The .lytvN-72 ba magnet'r inluonce uze or use with
TM-62M or TM-62P and TM-72 A|' mines. The uze b a
circular assembV which screws into the TM-62r2 luza
well. On the top o the uze b a bp which covgrs the
arrning button, whi}e in the side o the uzg body b a
housing or a 1.5V battery. Though TM-62 mines can b
mechanically hid MVN-72 rnust be armed by hand There
is a delay to arming tirne o approximate 2
rninutes.
Length o battery lie b unknown.
Method of Operation
The exacl unctioning rnechan'sm o the MVN-72 b
unknown but like most magnetic inluence uzes it b
probabty a coil induction system. The cloc}nrork delay to
arming mechanbm rotates,an eleclric detonalor rorn lhe
horizontal (unarmed) position to tho vortical (arrn@
position simibr to the
lyf\Z-62 and activates tho
electronics o the uze. Whan a vehicte such as a a brry
or lank with a large magnet'r snatura passes over it. th
uza will unction detonating the mhe. The uze b
designed to unction whgn the target 's direcl above it.
not of to one slCe. There appoars to be no anti handling
rnechanbm h the uze itse though obvious TM-62 can
be ittod with one (M$3). Minimum rnagnitic sQnature
that MVN-72 responds to b unknown. The uze- b not
pessua sensiti,ra.
UsSR
Arming ./.
A battery b itted into the uze as indicatgd and lhe ransit
cap removed rom lhe uze. Check that the detonator b in
the,horizontal (unarmed) position. Wind up the clochrori<
delay mechanbm by rot+ing the hp above the arming
button through 180 degres in the direction o the arlow.
Scrar lhe uze into the mine and cover and carnoulage
lhe mine leaving the uze top exposed. Depress the
arming bution and [sten or mechan'sm working. Camou-
lage the lop o the uze. The uze wjll be armed in
approximate 2 minutes.
N eutralising
h may be possible lo neutral'se liting and rotaling lhe
anosed lap or by removing tha battery but these
methods have NOT been proved.
CAUT/o//
Do not us6 or carry motal toob.
Disarming
Pull mine. unscrr and remove uze. Bemove battery
rorn uze.
 MA-1 AJP PRESSURE oPERATED BI_AST MlNE

%^ i::r;,, !,-i"

Descriptiop Arming
PMA-.Ib "asfic mine which b not delectable with metal Excavate cav or lhe mine to allow 2-4cm o spoil
detoctor locators. The mine consbts o a plastic box with @v6ra9f, when burbd. Bemove transit cap rom uze and
a hinged lid containing a uze, dotonator and explosive it No 8 detonator. Screw detonator and UPMAH-I uze
charge. A saety ;in b itted lo pravent accidenlal cbsing into TNT block Open mine bo lij and inse saety plin.
o the rnine liJ and activatbn o the uze. There are Nyo The TNT block and uze assembly are ihen aced in the
drain holes in lt,e bottorn o lhe mine to allow walelto mine bo so that the uze rests on lhe protruding
escaP. shoulder inside the mine bo.
l\
Technical Specification \ The lkJ b then ctosed and the mine buri9d and
camoulagred in the preparod hole. Final the saety pin b
withdrawn using the atlached cord.
Explosive Content 200gms TNT
Totalweht 4o09ms
Activating pessure: &1 Skgs Neutralising
Detoction: Vsuat, probos Can be achieved by simp ra'rsing the lirJ of the rnine.
Fuze: UPMAH- chemical pressuro uzo lnsert pin or simihr to prevent liri rom closing. l,,. .,'.."

Method of Operation Disarming

ts"!F:i"
-]l':'
l. -'-,'

Application o the required pfossuro to the hingsd ti,J
causes the prcriection on lhe insidg ol tho lirj lo crush thg
chemical capsule o the uzo, lniting the contents, whbh
in tum actuate thg No 8 detonator. The detonator iniliates
lhe,main charge.
Uncover, check or and romovo any anti lit devices or pull .:.':r:
mina Babe tirJ and hsart pin. ronovo TNT Hock and uze
assamb. Unscrew uze and delonator rom TNT blcck [__',
Bemove detonator rom tuze. i .. .,.

CAUTloIv
lmpovbed anti lilt devicg,atlachgd lhrough drain holos !,.,,}

(sor..:-laram).
 ,]

..i:

MWP-62 PRESSURE OPERATED DEI-AY ABMED FUZE

v
U MWP-z
5-07-87.

Description ]
Arming
lvYVP-62 's the mimimum metaltuze }qr use with TM-62P. Bernove transit cap rom uze. check that th6 sliJer
lt 's desned to be non delectable wfth motal detocror mechanbm 's in the unarmed position Le. not central in
}ocators and or mechanical hying (though it can be hand the uze, and that the boos[er pellet b in position, Screw
hid). Thb b the most comnon uze us-ed with TM-62P. uze into rnine. With rnine artial bt ied, remove saety
The uze b made"o reds}brown bakelite. The lat top circlip and depress arming bunon tut.
acts as a p,fessure plate while the rim b desned to shear
and colhpse under the required load. On tetop o the
uze b. a bakelite arrning bunon which has a saety
N eutralisin g
clip.lnsi<te b the bellows operated dehy to armini Thb uze can nol be neutralised
mechanbm.
Disarming
Method of Operation Unscrew and remove uze rom mine. Then destroy using
Depression o the arming button releases thE horizontal exPosives or buming.
sider mechanbm wh'lch canies the detonator. The stkJer
novo hoontal under the inluenco o a spring
expelling air rom an hlated bellows as it &es so.'unil CAuruol
the detonalor b moved hto atrgnmant between tho striker
mechanbm and the booster pellet. The lime laken or thb Delonator and striker mechanbm still aligned afler
to occu b approximatev 60 seconds. Thb b the deby to disarming.
arrning time (the dohy being caused by tho rEsbtan o
the air illod bellows to the sliders movement). After thb
sta99 the required possuro (approx.179.25Ok9) appl'nd lo
lhe uze top oolbpses the m causing the Jtrike to bo
driven against the prcussion cap wtrtr in tum sets o
lhe dolonator and the booster pellot.
 PMA-2 PBESSURE OPERATED BI-AST MlNE

,/,

;1+i
|, }*,., '

i::::;,

Descripton N eutralising !

PMA-2 banon-metallb A/P mine with a round plastic Rephce saet pin or insert suitabb improvbed pin.
body and non-metallb 6 homed pressure uze. PMA-2 b
clqimed to be non-detectablo with metal dtector bcators
and,,proo against most explosive c}earance methods.
Disarming i,j,.
j'r.l
Uncover careully checking or booby taps or plll mine. 1;
Tch n ical Specificatio n
]

lnsert saety prin or similar and unscrgw and rernove uze

body.
i:.....;::,
rom mine .,,::i:.j
tplosive Conlent 1Oogms TNT ,

Totalweight: 1359ms ' '=,,,"

Activating pessure: 9-1 5k9s
Detection: \sual, probes, dogs
Fuze: UPMA-2 pressure operaled, rbt'ron shear ring con-
irol

Method of Operation
Applrcation o the required pessura to the lop o the
homed luzg causes a shear ring to break allowing the
strker to be orced inlo tho crush sensitive rbtion nitor
comfusition wh'rh Qnites and actuates the detonator
which initiates the main chargo.

Arming
Excavate a cav or the mho to allow the uzo head lo
jus protrude above the ground when the mine b covered.
Flernove transit cap trorn rnine body and screw uze into
place, unwind cord aachod to saety pin. Btlry and
camoulage mine in propared hole. Final romovo sa....l.
p,in using longrth o cord provirJed.

:,\-
 Mvz-62 PRESSU*=
FUzE SSR
r.-- .r

:s=

(,. ]-
i.'i
!-j

Descrpton Arming
MVZ-62 bacloclo,,lolT d"ruy armed
TM-2M. ttb desoned to. ..'"r,]n,*i uze or use wilh l-::: transit.cap
nonzontal
rom ue,check that
posilion. S:r ".u-i"i;';l;; initialor b in lhe
be used or handLying- ri,i-r'r#"' but can abo tum 1 revolution cbctcwbe. and nsert key,
used wh TM-62M. r,"iu."
'.rrg common uze ;;"'kei. Bemove saev
circlip and depress arming'U,^iri,-rJri
green pressed or mechanism
"*"il'o. n..*tunism
sleel pressure housing i".*nti'iiJti., working.
supporled The uze cap.which b
o rebrown bakelite *itr, 'g;;?J'j'
"
""t"'u"'ip.essure plate b
arming button
fr:r,l3 ;y;,,Trp,. " q"]"","' 'i i, " .o'u no ii"v
N eutralisin g (

i" iri" i l..,- .l*r!&ifrj""Hs -l]ill lnseri key and turn revolution
thb moves the initiator U""i i"-ro
clochpise (as or *ina;ng;
verlical (armeQ position. Th.';nl;;;| l: ;;;;"\.t position.
a balI retainoc|
cocked stker
and MV-S.
identical i" p.,""lpblj iperation lo MVM Disarming
Aher neutralising. unscrew and romove
Method of Operation u:q.

Ater winding up the clockwork

depression o the armins
mechanbm with the key.
which rotales
tt""'r"|."l"]'ir," rnechanbm
the inifur"-;no--""J'". rom
p."iii"" iia iiiii bcked in the
horizontal lo the verticar
posilion. The timo takln
il; 'r"J-o*u, thb
secon, thb b the i# i 6S70
3,app|H
lhe required pressuro. !".:iliig',l.iner thb stage
rJ rr,.'pressure Pato
colhpges the Fressure r,o"infrru-n"';d
the inil'lator. Thb compre"r;;ih;;r;;i'3r'nnthe load onto
retaining ball escapes intolr,e'*Li untit the
:lr:|",
o the sleeve. The soring den upp", soction
olhe detonator. "titr.'ffi" released sets

64
 MA- t\ |lEU!-1tr L.rtrHA l EU L_\ l MllYE YUGo

},^^ tj.j.j. i

\--}

Description Neutralising
' PM-;- ba small circuhr mine constructed entire o Thb mine can not be sae neutralised.
po}ystyrene and phonophstic- }t b not detectable by metal
detector locators and b thought to be resbtanl"to many
explosive clearance rnethods. Chemical uzes arE canbd Disarming
lin a round plastic containar to protect them. Uncover the mine careully checking or booby traps or
pull mine-
,, Technical Specification
<plosive Conten[ 359ms Tetryl
Totalwe\;ht: 1839ms
Curloil
Activating pessure: &20k9s Do not app any pessure to lhe pressure plate.
Detection: Vsual. Probe. Dogs
Holding the mine by the sides on. bebw the recess or
Fuze: UPMA-3 chEmical pressure uze lhe saety circlip, tum u5ido down and unscew the uze
retaining plug. Remove the uze. ileal by screwing a
Method of Operatinn uze saety cap onto it and withdrawin it rom the mine.

The app|"lca|'xlp o.threquired pgssure to tha top o ths

mine **..use the top pesure plate to ot about the
.,-luze. Thb sPacemenl causes lhe chemica]
uze to be
crushed and the resultant lash Qnites lhe delonator which
inhiates the main charge.

Arming
A hole b excavated or the mine to allow or 2-4cm o spoil
coverag when buriod. Unscrew the uze retaining plug. it
uze and .r9ptace retaining f,ug. Remove adhejive pe
lrom the side o the mine and unwind the lanyard aachod
lo the saety circlip pin. Place tho mine in the hole, cover
and camoulage. Putl lanyard to remove pin rom sae,
circlip. thb allows .hg ciiclip to spring open }eaving ti,
mine ree to unction. !., i

j5
l-a
F
MVZ-57 PRESSURE OPERATED DELY ARMED FUZE SSR

ljlr
i, ''.

. l.,,;
l-:+

l,',:

I |,i
l.
l;l

l,

:l
l

Description Arming l
F
l,

Bernove transit cap lrom uze. ChEck that mechan'srn b

I

MVZ-57 b a cloclorork dehy arrned uze lor use with
TM-57. h 's desned or rnechanical laying bxrt can abo
be used or hand laying. Th' b tho most common uze
used with TM-57. The uze consbts o a pressed steel
khaki body with an arming bunon on top and a saety clip
and retaining spfing. lns'xJe b a cloctorork mechanbm
which rotates the initiator rom the horizontal (unarmed)
position to the veical (armed) position. The initiator b a
ball retained cocked striker iientical in pinciple and
ciperation to MVM and MV-S.
wound up and that the initiator b in the horizontalposit'ron.
Screw uze into rnine, release spring retaining clip rom
around uze and pull of sa{ety clip. Depress arming buton
and lbten or mechanbm working. The uze will be arrned
in 2$3O seconds.
N eutralisin g
Thb fuze cannot tii h'eutmlised.

Method of Operation Disarming

Depression o the arming button releases a clochpork unscrew and romove uze rom mine.
mechanism which rotates the initiator and detonator rom
the hoontalto the vertical posit'nn and holds it locked in
thb position. The tirne iaken or thb to occur b 2$3O
seconds. thb 's the dehy to arming time. Afler thb stage
the required prgssure appl'ted to the prossuro cap
compesses the striker spring until the striker retaining ball
escaps. into the wiJer upper sect'ton o the pressure cap
s}eeve. he spring driven striker. lhus releasad, hits the
percussion cap and in turn sets of the dgtonator.
 MS_3 JP PRESSURE RELEASE BOOBY TRAP MlNE
Description
Thb prossure release booby trap mine uses rnosl o the
componsnls o the PMN y'P mine. Diferences are the
rubber cover, the acuating $ungor and the quantity o
explosive ill (which 's greater thn the PMN).The Sg
has the same 1$20 minules delay lo arming as the PMN.
Tech nical Specif ication
Explosive Conten[ 31 09ms
TotalweQht 0.63ok9
Activating pessue: $.6kgs minimum load to prevent
actuation
Detection: Visual. Probe. fingers
Fuze: lntegral, cocked stnJ<er. detayod arming
Method of Operation
Tha application o 5-6kg minimum toad lo the top
- o the
mine depresses the actuating Punger against uprard
spring pressuro. so that lhe step on te Puger obslructs
lhe. top poticn o strikar channel When the iaety pin b
withdrawn the pressure o thg iring fin spfing cuses a
steel wire to stat cutting lhrough a tead dohy strip
(idenlical in pinciple to MUV-2 nitor). Afler a aUy o
1S2O.minutes the wire cuts through itre Paa strip and
allows the slriker lo move orward io bo retainea y *re
step in lhe actuating plunger. Atter thb slage the removat
o lhe load rom the top o the rnine albwtho actuating
plunger lo rnove uplrards undor spring possure, relee.sin
the striker which ires lhe initiator whbh h turn dolon.:::
mine or explosive storo il will usualV delonato lhb abr
SSR
Arming
Fxcavate cav or MS-3 to allow load to bear direct anc
irm on actuating plunger and to allow or removal o
saety plin after load b applkd Remove initiator plug anc
inset initiator, (MD-9 detonator), rap{ace plug. Place-mine
in prepared hole, app load and paial cover. (t MS-3 b
employed as anti-lit on other rnine, arm toad mine irst
with the exception o inal saety). Remoye saety pin on
MS..3. Careul cover and camoulage M93 being careui
nol to move or li lobd The MS-3 will be armed 1$2C
minutes after the saety pin b removed,
N eutralisin g
Thb mine cannol be neutralbed, the.onrard movement o
the strker prevents saety pin replacemenl
Disarming
CAUTlOlV
l MS-s identiied or suspecled, ahrays p,lll load rom
cover.
l due lo lactical conskJeration ptrling the toad and the
onsuing detonation arg unacceaHe, carEul excavate
under load to gain accss to the inhiator y'ug. Unscrow
initialor plug and remove initiator (a lengrth oi ttrin wire or a
thin screw driver may help).
CAUTlOlV
Th's procedure b hazardous.
 MVSh_46 & MVSh-57 TILT RoD oPERATED FUZES

Descrption UUTIOIV
MVSh-46 b kJentical in principle and operaiion to Hold uze by housing plug NOT by any part o the tilt rod.
MVSh-S7. on the bases difer lo altow MVSh-46 lo be
employed with TM-46 and tVSh-S7 to be used whh
TM-57. The uze cons'ls o a tilt rod tvhh an actualing
Neutralising
handle angled at about 20' and a uze cap hoHing lh tt b not possible to neulralbe thb uze, there are no saety
striker assemb. The tilt rod b desned to ensurJ that devbes.
the mine does not re on the vehicle wheel or track lo
delonale it btrt will also be detonated when the tilt rod
catches the underside of the vehicl thus providing a ull
Disarming
width attack capability. unscrew uze lrom mine and remove detonator rom uze.

Method of Operation
Pressure applied in any direction to the tilt actuating
CUT/OIV
handle causes the melat tubr,rhr covor lo bend 25.-3O-. Do n9t apply pressure to tilt rod or handlrs. Hold on by
allowing lhe 3 cylindricalspaces, through which the striker housing plug.
retalnlng rod passes, lo rolate slht on one edge
increasing the dbtance between the titt hindte and strik;r
Note: fl-MK2 tilt rod b irJentical to MVSh in principle and
operatbn).
head. Thb allows the striker retaining ro,d to lift tha boll
:h"p"g ball retaining housing approxi.rateV 3mm. reeing
the stikor retaining balb rom the strikEr nd releasing
onto the delonator assemb in the base o the uze.

Arming
Screw MD-10 detonator into uze base. Screw uze inlo
mine.

68
 P_13 A/P SE|SMIC CONTRoL SYSTEM

!"l-,:i,.:,

\\
'\ /' -/
-::-.'"'-,'-

lil-;r.:.._

Description lhe socond mine to be ired and so

and ifth mines.
onr*in" ourth
'r,ird,
VP-13 or 12 consbts o a green metal cylinder housing
6 tt is thought that impubes detacted by the geophone
x 1.5v batteries" and an etectron'rcs pack On the top ar S at
mine firing v/ires, a connecto or a geophone, a conneclor
rales greater than 3 per second or bss an 1 in 4
or the arming switch and a pair o-PjOs to allow or sel seconds are Qnored The system can be used with:
destruction at the eld
_9 Fn*.y lie (69 days) or the
MON-SO, .1O0, and 2O0
arming o another VP-13. Ther b aio a rd-LED to OZM-3, 4,72.
indicate that the device b switched on and auout to
arm
160 and other WP mines with the correct
itse. adaptor threads eg. PP-Mi-Sr.

Arming
Batterios are itled as 's the geophone plug and the arming
switch (usual MUV-4 or e<nV_Z;. rire "two black bad
are conngcled lo an EDP detonalor or an NM with
MDSM
delonator and a 20ogm sel deslruct charge which .s
laped into posit'nn withing the white rectangur outline
on
lhe sille o the VP-13 uit. Ttre geophone-b pr.rshed inio
lhe ground until its roP b lust -below the surface. The
Neutralising
Extrome dificult due lo the dangrer o approaching close
enough to locate mines or VP]1S pr#ir"Y. U-etr,oOs
employed with some degree o succesj:.
a) Shooting mines and VP-13 rom a sae distance i
possiHe
b) Driving cattle or goats etc inlo suspected detection area l,

VP-13 b burir or hilCden ilose Uy. The thin lacquered. c) Firing into suspocled detection area
copper cotoured iring wires ari connected. !;r.::il:
. 'r,,:
N'ii
initiators lo ive mines positioned to covar the requed
l_,.
l,

killing area, whh the geophono within their re*rar rinl CA U T/Oil n o recammen
p1,9 o ge_dphone b approximite lfi:
ded l, ,:

lo:]:l
OZM-72 lethal radius 25m . sae illujtiation1 nn'ary tr,e
l-,l
|, .,
9 V9ry s.low approach into detection
impr.rbe in 4 soconds)
area (tess than 1 |i: ..

armllg switch b activated (MUV-4 remove Uottr

6nsj anO to dbconnect geophone or
!

il
the killing
area evacuated. individual mines. l.
l

Method of Operation Disarming

The SV.20-P geophone monitors ground vibrat.nns and Cut all iring cables. Disconnoct so destrucl charge .d
its ',.
electricalsQnab are anasad ql-rtu VP.13 unit. Activiy itted and.unscrav geophone. Bemove VP-3lop andiake ,:
nrrl lraXarilc ni-r.* _-__-J:--.- !.--
-:_^-
MVE-72 A/P ELEcTRlcAL BREAtc/lRE lNlTlAToR SSR

&P
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hJri}d or concealed with just the iop exposed. Remove

Description the transit jack p{ug. insrt the brEak wire iack plug anc
MVE-72 b an ini'l:l:' device and control unit consisting
dy the breahrire rom its spool (checking the wire ol
greon,metal cylinder which houses
any damagre or breaks) to covEr the required arc whhin
o a small, us".li,
the lethal range o lhe rnine. Screw an MD detonator into
a colhpsing oi-cui, ;:ctlol'lcspack hotruding trom the
the rnine (if required) and then screw the NM inh'tatot
bottom 's a,ribbed battary cap wh'ch b made o reddish
onto the mine. Unscrew the cap on top o the MV-72 unit
brown bakelite. The top o the qylinder b rnado o the
lo exposo the ptll cord o the riction i;nitor. Pull the corC
samq rnaterial as the banery cap and has on it a screw on
to initiale the pyrotechnic delay to arming and retire rom
cap" a iack conneclor with 60m two strand break wire and
lhe area. The MVE-72 will be armed in approximaiely 1
a pair o electrical wires to an NM initiator.
minute. (

Method of Operation
MVE-72 works, as an electrical col'npsing circuil Whon the
CAUT|OIY :

ragile break wire. which acls as a loop 's broken by some
one treading on it or walking through it, lhe circuit b
broken. The breaking or colhpsing o thb cirouit allows
power lo bg swiictred into the iring circuit. iring the NM
initiator and init'aling the explosive train in the mine to
whictt it b conngcted
The systern can be used with:
MON-50. 10O. and 2@
OZM-3. 4. 7a 160 and other Warsaw Pacl mines with the
correct adap{or thraads eg. PP-Mi-Sr.
lt b probable that MVE-72 b the init'rator mgchanbm or
lhe TM-73 htoral attack mine which b thought to uso a
modi'led RPG_18 Afl weapon.
Arming
The mine to b initiated b positioned .and partial
camoulaged The baneqy b ined to the MVE-72 and it b
t the break wire "s darnaged or broken the rnine may
detonate at the end o the arming delay perk}d.
Neutralising
MV-72cannot be sae neutralbed.
Disarming
CuTloil
Approach careull. lhe break wirg b rnuch harder lo
detoct than a trip wire and much easier to break
When lhe MV-72 unit b located lraco lhe iring loads 1o
the mine and kentify the mine. Check direction and
locat'lon o break wire. Bemovo detonalor and NM lrorn
mine. Bemove detonator rom NM. Uncover MY,72
careul checking or booby traps or p,ull Unscrew battery
cap and remove battery. Unptug break wire jaclc
 MVM PRESSURE OPERATED FUZE

)escription
iVM uze consbts .:_".l!p.a cap holding a moro
eveloped version o },fV-S. With'I,fV
reyented rom . moving inwards Uy
t["'"lrik", banel b : :.:
a s"rety plin, thus
|yuing acciCental nctionint.
J;""ed
ilh TM-46 mines whbh are t be mechantally or use |--;3,li,
---;-' hid or
ansportad in an armed condition. '.,
;1i,.'
I r,!,i:.

ethod of Operation
-,
|,..1l r.:

le required pfessure applk to the pressure cap

,npesses the striker spring unlil lhe strikei
retaining ii
;caps inio the wirJe uppei section
o tbe pressue cap
reve. The spring driven striker rt us reteasei
Iionator.
sets of the

,rming
rew MD-6 detonator assomb onto
lvVM. Screw uze
d detonator assembv into ;in;-'h;;;; saety plin
m uze cap. '

eutralising
ert saety prin or simibr through
hole in uze cap.

isar:ming
ert saety rlin or similar through
hole in uze cap, then
;crew and remove uze rom;ine.
n uze.
B;;;ie Oetonato.
 V_5 PFIESSURE OPERATED FUZE

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.:
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Description
MV:s is, a. pessure uze with a spring loadod
striker
encpsed ln a.rnetal or_plastic case. Theie
b a pressure
919
wittt
rercase ol 1ryr in.its si<Je which b tt" i*u"" to altrrw the
the strike retaining ball Thb uzE b ,"uu
i:
ernployed in WWtlvintagre min& or improvbed
mines.

Method of Operation {

The application o lG,.SOkg or mor6 lo the top

pressure cap orces, it d"y! compessing o the Disarming
th suiker
releasing the retaining
rr. *r"'r, escapes inlo apping pressuro_1o_ tho pfessuro Gap,
:l9_i:1
Ine recess ln ihe pfessure cap.
}ffih:ut
the uzdetonator assemb rrorn ti" ,r. romove
The spring driven strker, Separate the
thus released, strikes the percussion'ca which detonalor rom lhe MV-S-
sets of the delonator. h lum

Arming
Pr"*_ delonator/prcussion cap assembly.
(usual MD-2, UUSM or MD-6 into MV-s
O""ii"rl. tnserl uze
and detonatorassernb into mine. ;; has no saety
dev'9e, the detonalor'b not .n-""r,o'"iiil
ready
thg min b
or the instalhton o the uze_

Neutralising
This uze cannot be neutralised-

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 KNOWN MlNE MAFIKINGS W|TH MEANINGS
cYFtlLUc NATO MEAN|NG
sTANAG

TtlH TMN AI{TI-TANK M|NE wTH AI.{TI-HANDUNG FUZE

TmK TMK SHAPED CHARGE ANTI-TANK MINE
nHH PMN ANTl-PERsoNNEL MtNE THEAD oPEMTED
nA-6l,| PMD-6M AI.{T|_PEBSoNNEL MINE TYPE 6 Mo DEBNts ED
noP{3 FoMz FBAGMENTATIoN ANT|-PEBSoNNEL M|NE - oBSTACLE
03} oZM FRAG MEtTATlo N o BsTAct M|NE
Tl,,tA - 6 TMD_B ANTI-TANK MINE - wooDEN - r_tnbE
T TM ANTI-TANK M|NE
yHTH . IJTM THA|NING AIT!-TANK M tNE
F{nH MPM PlsToL RoUND MINE MoDERN|SED
HoH MoN DlBEcTloNAL FBAG MENTAT|oN M|NE
yB UV PULLFUZE
nyB MUv MINE FUZE - PUtt
Bn vPF ALLwAYs PUllFUZE
B MV MINE FUZE (PERcUssloM
HBH MVM ltn/- MoDEBNlsED
B3 vz R ZFJBOOSTEH
v83 ch\rz clocK,lo B K FUzvBoosTER
3x3 EKhz
t{3 .qEcTBo CHEMICALRrzE
chZ cLocl(woRK RJZE
YB chMV cLoc}coBK MlNE FUZE
t8.U Mvsh TILT ROD FUZE
3T Tr SAFETY FUZE UGHTEB
.f,M YaM oLD DEs. Box (WooDEt9 MINEANTI.TANK
Tl16 TMB PAPEB flar) ANTLTANK M|NE
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