ae BILAL RIAwIRAALVAL WoA-sHis eau 1211/414)5, ot. 11-4-2011-4 Ag oldie ae 11 (azz @ whaua cute MHL 2D, eel traded Iai odd B. Gur BAA ang G aA AaL aye 2A ARM awed aa ad B. og Meme AA as Heat BRE Hele, gruel muaRat, MAA oA alld NAL auer antla BA RS orm aU BLA af, MeL Ba BA Raster mu Bost oof g. Aaa seul HA atylanl ae Ag AM 2g B. es YWAd WRAL UM wsayeds AIM Reaway’, Asee 10-2, aiifld1-382010© pret UR UML Uses Hom, attra Ba see AL we eI AM ALUAL SARE ALAA wes B. RL usapdsd AS ve cw AS ua ge grata were wAL rusayecs Hott Used Aft URaicoll cee wee $2 ALAA «IB. aut B.A ML as (sebee) all ua deel 2.8. Ba, weet sl Ba yaa mage LA ts all ago adsell 2.8 Be, sreoeell Avira yaa wafer 2. ua Braet A RRs Ba We Mua dl dea aN. 24, QeIell all aad atu Avid Ba Raia AAT. aM aber A ata Ba oR (Rn risdss = a) Faleauder all ea a, dowel (rua Reaves : dels) yaar oun A Ru de, dbeualla (ner Fears : Geter) al Raye sa. ats sts Me ston. dat 21 Be wl, eu MI. §, a3 all uci Be Martie Adalsard. aw dar Ravi sider tal yl oul aia Sorat UV UALS HA Gear sues ame oT ten rod dur sul B. a DOULA YeRLA ARR tel AYR RIAL md B. aorta Beste atl AR we ea 11 (Badzee 1) ot afte Bane tai reas PH AUR RAT HAG AL WEYL Reaelfol aoe ysei Asa atic aeqord 8, Pa Msnpds HAG sedi Wel Bel eid BU HR Ainesrl seat Bred mA areal att aaloll wile savarii sadl 8. Rut atu avait yard aque oui Doe Quran sal wl ae ruses hte sare aie 9, 4a video dau Ravi aude sR 3 2YraId aie 8. ag NEALE zante, GEA AL ARARA otda HZ LA Ydl seo AL 8. AM wai Rumwrri wW HUA aed wae ward pan aud adi gard suased 3, i od HRet 4. AR Qed Paes prorat a, 3-3-2015 erences ert ag sastats Us 1011, Yrygar : 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 + ayer ee au snpes risa, Rewer, Asee 10-3, aildleare acl _ Re Ba, FeesWMA 42H suearudts negara yaad” (@) ce) Pare aot all ar den aueall ac dewadld, engined an ergalll aun seal mune wieeEl nell Zl eset ARSU AUN Gel auc Beal WEAR seat aerated]; count acolo, se wd ote Rat anda seed Ate aH seat; ‘Btls tae seal eel erladar entail etsenai, aH saul; whhs, oda, meus 21m Bes Adel wa WHA, eURdL LH dead YAN a at gel outell oR seat, allel ollaaA neu A de tbat; anual] amt dag aye UR YOU aD Amend arate; aa, amu, dled ocd ara wyudlell abba geal walaeang ert ew a ques tadladedadagiuanard; anh usu, aL-tadiane 1 Braue aaa ual aad; nada Presa 200. secu a: aus euai seat; we ygurler’ Riri aly ay Geta aul oil ara ale se ee a2, Aas avian Rengiriaundd Asasinaszarb uct ral; attra eat neat 6 ale ss el ald eat cue ues aL WEA Gaal ad yal el, Touzce| aR : 541, cuties ad 1 2. 9 React 23 3, abi aie RL 35 4, Bélatda Ged a 5. Baebda Bai ARr2 yeh oA aude 107 6, Wud 125 7. ea A 175 8. a aAALz 207 9. WRAL 239 10, dona 278 © aici, 297 © wReufis aed aaL wsayads [Ad... aypreict muets aA Gaaaa suas Brae 68 10+ 2el dase 12 NCERT ot OUR WHA vious Au Hil Gade Ratanas M2 aut, Fae ae yPaRlaa RA Heeell au aoeuaen dane sil. whe steel waa eueai WHA COBSE ait Aue Rea Core BeUIGHA Bui UMA 2 roULRLE aa Ravi 2ued, we Arse 10 +2 Aaa UE Meer velRdl ara sari Fle sl B. oud Reiaeru Int mous wR sudiRe du usds AHR Ral me, B. WRIA mums 1A Gauee Hes Bier oS wart cen fen Awl OMR velAell 2A Radu du agl Rawr Raructs udlar dard Fela sil 8. aul eds wsrelt did Sqaell wsdl ysuri sen d. au Yes WoL ye) widen dare seavii sua) ed, sued Aus a ave aided Reneed? aio 4A WA ARs rideori Wd waka a Hd um, sade 2A yal Gad aia ou yuu Rag aval aa Read sullbari sami sud ed, seRaPredt geteagy dludal gad wud yaterdd yaraL said BLEU Sal, ual yr dew au argaia qpradl yerni we seavii BON eal. mH VEL aur Raw sir wu, Ady aa yRaRan Kedar radi veqalee wuseyatiet yaeil al sil ed. at sland Hai TA UHR oped att ride yeni vg qua sail eueu val. 21d RA YE dua Rai mad, ell WA gid wes WA Gade vets Ra ob selai axel, owas AAR Hod da Addl wai weude sari sel vel. vA arr yeurt rudy oH wisayeds eiuar M2) Yael deur wil. Teo cuNL-Frend YL cual ase 521A age aan set. wer 14i ones abl ata sal &. otacs auoimal rowuwri Gull als: eel seaiel aa ou usreniiel HA B. ou uesldi usrell weed aa Ae wu Rade Grado 6A oii Rowrtd Ww weuri 2a B. Aen cen viRVU weer wid BARRA Red wahs wR saawri wal 8, wre 6 Are 1OHi oa AMAL Rawr é2 4B wr are flAd sou BoM a8 8. wien ure se de aaa) vow sl xouea, Buel wa added VvMie God sari WA B. Buel wa aH aiouarid ay sere RAeee Ti aaa. aay Radued aitiorr ua wsrei wined @. aus wsrwal au BWAAdLtL uded meu 8 wd a aissaual, HeWEri aissenaila yada Gari on ware Gull B. au wsrerrii aiserte arma az dolel oughriel nee Al 8. Beal A wsrerii rissa WA Aouad sou seavii wed 8. asain windar yal aug, Bal wai sudriied Gubler srarri vued 8. muss & ford year, aur sori yayrs WA aUa dori BA Hate BUAM BLL Wesel ABeaadai GL AB. veudl cowl wrydl aul B. aati Gereeed WL ofis tutus euyarii seu B. ae cum Rear aimaari ada ase weit Basti wae Reel ye 2e-wicl axe ad ddl Jd eile 3. Arge MEA suet Beans draaT UR Yes A vd VEL Ys ZB AA welau sal del. ded Bou sl 3 usayds ayslud NCERT HUEY WU B. YEtirll wuRidl NCERT at wswpasa aa 8, arzdl nail cual @, woo wuerii Gersrsiell aera Qa GaRKd ed ward 2g a2 9a d. wa Ure wri Yatvidl af Gwad ef B cud grad aweuu Rew wert seu UE Ysar IZ wR Used BU sil word B. Reve A yd ulets Wawel ava HA dd tH wu WA iT B. vue WA aseretL Raa aad & a vid) weusay wd) ell aul. As want aictl aida Agel val wre senda aseus yraade Ravi WA wera Nee #8. AT ua walers ude Rew? send! aenat Amaat U2 wigdl WA WIRdl aus B, pas wan g6i IA anu B. yal LAA wai Bele A adh aS Dy a wu B. Weed garam yaRAL AZ asd auasel B. — da sWSR 11 weails aud 2a waReE aot so MLZ DE aeoLAALL ate RAL elle, afb ell Ratedl mat meer ide ROU AZ doy Holedd ed. sural Yd A wsiel cele mea Bud BD As AB Ret cele. eel aval Beals edt mallee se AL HA A Mel seep SA Beas UReWA alba sei EA. aed sar weld sown sup. yeti UR Bieri WaVeEAl STG, EdleA ofle NelA Abaiatd eet Raaaiell B, au Weel HINA BL fle Naar MOUIA GAA B, As GersrA ASA, of = ay wa #0 dl wba B= 7,0, B,YER wal #0 duel ort et Had 3. o (oP) = a "(oryp) (07 a iA ony yeialy i TonB =(amloyy Qqeusi2 RAD Yad Raw 1-Ba1-y sal UV Road mati WRAMA aie MA shes Uys cael wad B=yautia of uel 62 ound oly Geter aS. As qedee ads au x aya da meat sot da. WL 3 Ss Rareur aula vovil x vig cel dd wate 8. ew wat As Ager Fare ual ata abina ela x d. 1.2 Rar ddai ah ada : (A) 200i ourdrti ARAL URAA va, 2) 120 Bieri cura 201041 aclen wei. mid Wu ast WY MA Ale aA VDE O. suai aUAA Raut 62 d. Riana : oA aude aise te 3 aiater du udg oi t dla eA Dell aeuddat 3 weaeuder Fraisua call asa dh AA Part (Statement) 42 8. aA culls Ja xdevi Aan (Mathematically Acceptable Statement) wei $8 8. 0. 2a ae x Ly WR atta 8, Ax=3, y—2ASA da aad Mx =2y=-1 adA dd mac HA au aH aoe B, aul a Alia ae 8d UVa Aldi all aida > G) eS gai yy wa AA a wel a aA Addl. Q) ais Bed eer qulea B ! @) wR ma! (4) ation sui auadd 8? wal (1) A Aric B. (2) A Geoue B. (3) A vuawel B. (4) waud B. mL AaL AS WH ase WZ A ae 3 wae B aH APAawd scl tase dell ded Berd evel ‘out aaa Bd asa ade. at asa Adair Rad aca B aA oder Rael AR diated B. ausuni WHA’ Ae az dla FAB WF, “uadl $12’, 5 Ha’ dd Reet el Ae Da asi wal aa zag da vi2d bail’, ‘ei? aA cet asi a? Far Gute aun da dl d ua Rai sell, enwat al (1) ‘auido 100% O? wa suiell 2 @) ‘Aya Aer 3? wa aa ? 6A AY Rat ASA. Ds Rawri 25 x 60 x 60 Ass aude dad. Hel wa BAY Ws Raw’ ya wag 8 ag a alssaud aie B, seb Rawni 24 seus y da d, del au aa aA Bund, Dad aBvari slA AF asad Frais aj 3 WZ sel asa dar ama Beat 53.8, aru DA BUDA p. gn. A wel youaded eafaard ud 9. emer aD, p: spud wail 35 Ral da 8. pA we Baud a, Gers 1: dai AA sui Aad B a oud aA a Ae Ay see eeld : @ rmladl sid za 3, 2) aes aan x 42, fe] A yoils 8. G) a yard yy wd. 4) suet Reed val, 2 YaLAl yoy OAL,suis aS 3 (5) ates au x M2 x0 = © Rua Jed eo? D sirri ou 2d. @) YAde sand rw yw 2+ #0. @) 3#=9 (0) wwaeUadaar auBiatmedl eat (1) wa, MYA aa ada | (12) Qed wud | Ga: Q) ww Bat tal al wy ya eagl d. 2) wd x 4a 8, wig d eds x HE aed B, a RK Bd, @ wl xdared Gwdar Rai sued 9B. add Raa awl wl ar va ae? wel VA Gude auc WB. aul Rae B, (5) mel Ra Dat oti see CRS aiaaAs Hane AB Be BD, aud a RUA B. © ward ass Dal a Aer sel, (DA mel ae B. M2 a Ree ae, (8) a eds yrdae xr y HA AL BA A Riu d. (9), (10) Bauer 2. (1D, (12) @ridt ealda 8. 42 a oA Rear -2dL wa 1.1 Aad] ad Rut 9 } AB a HeA ABA cald ; P+ar=s A x wigs dou dw, dl 2A AM B. adel ol Gou wea | ded runs waka vq ! BRA aiRaatall eat 2 Aeubts d. aa dei 8 8 at 3 Bde aehen Ga, 201i curd, Aldst A wine ota aqedgd Mee * sayeepe 13 wg Aart wi aq Raw & Rat 42 Ad ay Radel Rou 1 ad a da Rat wg Bart (Simple Statement) 68 8. Gersam ald, ‘2 +2 yA aug Ru B4 ule (RAY (Negation) : eudeu Reet aeudat Suse d Buty Fela 8, ated 4 Aig Punt & oul Cru ate da 3 Bran de a sigue sige’ Clea dla 3 ae da a ala Rutt Fray 8, Po MMBINE A odd YE sAelPS Was B, ej BARN “Suerte ogre pee SADR Meas lL? aime “eens aywete aoa alles as BA wg B! aman ‘SA ated ell F avers oprertd ea adi was 8? oe Ht Bart p wee Da, dl Ad Rite ait dud vA a p sea da, dad Rae wet da 8, rt RAMA ~p ad calas B. at Blut p act dle, ot Ag tedden yee T at p state dle, ofl ep eed ye Fat calaawi ad &. sare pf weudlan yeu T21Nal F da a qe pd weudled yea F aL T a, Gere 2: RAL Badd FAS aed: UW) 3x296 @) Bares (usta) 259 Rasen der Graand aud 3. G) Kaw al Raia aug ated aia cald a, ) Old Mouanal ee sal U2 10 + 2 Yall ould A eePrad Na 3, G) akid A Rawed vel 8. Ga: () 3X2 #6 mma Aaa all F3K2=6. (@) Bares A 2501 RRA Gawd suad ll G) Raw Regie wg ald sie cal aa @) SA stows ena wan HE 10+ 2 Wad aad 3 aaa Rove ate, ) ar A Rated ell «el. cttdieti Bturdbeti Pete anil: 1 24255 2. aad daen A= me? gael aa d, 3. wet A ail sgl BL 4. whet deed vm ciaeth Psa sell eel, S. WAI HA Bad WAH Gis AAR B, 6 242-2 WAS au eat = 2 8. ae A dyous abs 1.4 fade ced alsa Ped Badly ava atei RADA AsauHll ig Reta HA B. aa ayst Alt (Compound statement) $2 8. rma’ da WA’ Far HAHA ells 412A (Logical Connective) sd B. dna Guu aiysd Reet A B. idee (Conjunction) + A 3 AD ay ausi AMAA als sas HA? ala Asal wera ayst Barr oudei Aad dda s8 Od. anda wei Bada ves Rud (Component Statements) 58 8. walbp:3+2=Saug:5-2=10, aed Beit F+2=5 WAS + 2= 10" WE Rauch p A gat lead abani p Ag @ calaant wd B, (aia p mA g) wu, pAg:3+2=5*AS-2= 10. udp wg A Rardd vcuda ye T du a pag d Aeuda yu T Hr 8. m1 Ran Rsedai pag f aeuda yea Fd. Jaais wei Rada sizes ar’ ad sare ang ada Reiter adi cdi 2s Bard uci du, d WA wa diy au B. Maze Aud VA asi weg As aut ater da di HV gai and alPra Bat wae d. Gewee 3: Ad WPA Raut sui 42s Redd aided Ba eed. aed Reed, acuta yer ve calla. ‘meld rida Waa OB WA 3 +2=6! ha: UAL ps wise rae waa B. g:342=6 muda wdPra Rat p Ag B. ad me 84g :3+2=6 mae d. wWDPra Raut p Ag mae d. Gerseet 4: AA aida ays Reed sai wes Rerdei dadert Ba al. beara Revell aeutlar avd + (1) sty ourdHi euda B ATX 5 = 35, Q) Rel A grag weve B WAT x5 = 75. @) wae HA ale A opera wd B, @) aeds ane wee 2OWA = 1 G) As yeh agdia Dy B oA a4 uu 90 seal adg B. Ga: (ps Styr ourari muda 8, q: 7X $=35 sata Rut p Ag 8, wal pA Ber Wg YA Bel B.A Rut p Ag A ac Rut 6.@ Wd Fp: Real RX qridd ww a. gi TXS=75 ail p WL g HA mA Bud B. ddl p Ag Vat BAH Reet UE Wal 3p. sears ade yumi wag d. grade ade rial add 8. ail p 1A g HA act Rad 3. del p Ag WA ae Ru d. wa bp: as eux W220 giPat audl p WA g HA we Rud B. Ap Ag ae B. (5) Wa 3p: ds HRh ade B, 7: As Mou I 90 eal wg dad. aid GA Mad se B. Al p Ag Maer RA B. Rader (Disjurction) : A A} Ae ay wei Aardr lbs ses eaa’l Asari wud dl del cota Matta dad Rede 68 8. Mp meg eal Awd da d aad Rade adani pv gad cai B, (aiad p saat q), anidal auct AMDA wes ard ad O. ses oauar’ ad saul oral ays Resend Rs ima. Dell ay 2s aed ae da, d 2a} woul Wer As v2s Aertl acuda T da d Bat aa ar dB. Gens 5s AA ayst Ber sui Bred Reort cal Bd DA. eyed Beaty aeuda yer a = Q) 344=7mMU2+2=4 Q) es Roun aoa YH B seta es BYR aan Rou d. GB) yraid 2 ourdd WHEL mead siete VD wwLN~Ai Wad d. (4) wsaRari 5 Rad da d rau rs Kawi 24 sais da od (5) DRRa A awa eat wwe trated dat @a: Q) wa bpi3+ gat ail we 83 p Wg aD, Ap wag LAY adoOIi ag Ds Ae da, ap vq det HA, uel ila p vg wer B. Wal Fp: eds Rowe aoa ay OB. 7 Ab AM aay Rou d. ail p wait 8, sive 3-2 A you Rouse (Maw dl dena) teu 8. 7 WH MIA B, SE ID RYH B wig wRewwe ae pV gai mac 2. @ @ @cubis a 7 @) WL Ep: ya A urdd Uwe d. qs eIetale A Layali wag a, ail p ae B. aul p vg eet Rear B. wa 3p: wsaRuni 5 Raa du 8. 9 Bs Raw 24 sas du B. ail g Xet Rtn 8. Alp Vg xet RAIA B. wa Bp : DRA oRaaUstl vat, q ABA raat et. gard. wp vq ard. ayot Redd Pde : wei Rudtai Fae Sel da aria a vid mela MA Aura Ady Ra gael rue $22, ad met Ruta AKA Bani ~p @ eelaari wd B, eve BE ~Cp)=p. pt acute yee F ea T da a wud aged ~p dq acuder yee T eee F du. =p acuder yer T ama F da a wud aged —Kp)d acu yer F awa T ue, @ 6 “CPP 88 wUNd aici Ruedai dtivr mea Raderati FY Andle. Ban): -9AD= CDV ED Qi-PVO=CHAC® A wei Ratti ddead Raa AAA wei Randal Raed Reader 8. A wei Radi Relead Ade Aa A wei Badal Ade, ales 3. Gewea 6: Madi Rudd Fae add : (1) 5a ypils B mA 5? = 25 @ P=-9wrC3/ @) P=) med =1 @ tenmateg © ZeRmav2eR 6) rites Wavicri vou sat WA Vewier yrari Wag 2. Gasaywd 2 p:sa yals a. q:St=25 ~p: 52 yails tell mq PHSQ) 8) @ 6) aida Rat p Ag 8. ad BAX Ep) v (-g) 2. aude aysd Bute] FAY SA pls all saa 5? #25" B, wal Bp :32=9 gq: 3P=9 —p: P49 ~q: (BP #9 muda Bit pag &. ad BY Ep) Vv Ea) 8. ale ays Rava, AN G2 #9 UL (3)? #9" , wal bp: =1 q: Bel mpi ll —qiB#l ~@ vg) = Cp) A (-9) © wile dysd But FAR Rud ‘1? 41 ee 8 wlip:ten g:FEQ ~p:ten a: $€Q ~@ VY a) = (Pp) A (9) cmd ayst Rud Fda te Neate gd. wl bp: WER q:d2€R ~pi WD eR n~q: JZ ER ~@V =P) Aa) oo wile dyad Bari Fle Aut V2 @ RA WZ ERB. A pail Deseri wut vat, gs Trier prieii wad 8. =p: alles ReeRML BEAL twat, mq: DRieR YRIAi waa a0. ~~ A4)= (Pp) Vv Ca) Cp) V a): aiten Desi ai pera ot det BtHAL Dasier apraidrai mde sellsuas as 9 oY aa aaan’at Guo. wet iia : Badls avi MA? veri Guor ails ste 2B add ell, wig Hor A WHAA oat 42 a B () ‘AS ateru wus HB well A dat Baeed Gwar ad Wa? wid ‘a? WA wall qe WHY ad aside B. oil Bande dled Ul, ud? vA Ufa A ound aA yard A aati Dd WiiRa sd. ydt A AMA’ wel MA A war B.A w Ad ‘Ud wA yard’ wel fal a Mar B. vl wi A wd WS. el aged Rtut cell oid, (1) Gace Wabi Ratrimad Ravibl Rid aa alent Raa vale 41 a, Q idl a’ used Guar aude Rseu (inclusive or) He ada 8. Reef’. sia Reed wie sil al, Q) ord Wa 12 wa sal YA ara wy ad MAN moUR wW2 Rea wa waa mural Rod ume sou 42, aidl ‘staan’ user Piaies Rise (exclusive or) it aicolai Gui Ba 8, oid adil As wd wea a QS wb Gewea 7: fl wari waved Guilr wide Rser add 2 Rares Rser add wh Ba ssl sd. 2 Bart amide BL Rs Bigul BB amar amiiae de’ Ga WAS p: A Rint wad dou as Rigui B 8. 9:4 Rint anal BAL wide B. aula Relet p Vg 8 HA WA ‘amare Guia Mars Ree a 8. Mint widdla duel As Bigui B& aa aide wa dad asa aa Gewwee 8 : Acti ays Beda as Reed sl 42 car ctllbs sas “raer'edl Gado. aouda, Rue a 2 Ras ser al ah Ba aud. aul, ayer Berry, aeuda yer esl 42. ‘avalis at mavitu d ana dha 8.” Gha WAZ p: aeas aoa maida d. gad ah TY B, AS wa aueds ae Aa cee wally ofA te AS ad. auell Hace Guia Mars Ase ad 8. adi ala Rut p vg 8. pdt WA g HA AHI B. WH p Vg A Ae Aud d. Gersee 9 : Ard ayst tutti as Rturd ell aA ‘ima’ Guallr wuda Rser AE O 3 Fars Ase ale Oa asl sa. Blut aaryer, Frida an Fed aut yer DD. fui anal Seb wrays stoma 8." wa Bp wad a ado d. 9: Ars Ways A Ur 810 ollie aidl aide Bert p vq B. ard ‘Sina’ averd Gull AAA Ruel AB wl B. caGa wd oi adorei dS a2 B. p aru g aed Deudl pv q ae B (~p) HA (a) aiaict BAA AL ( gd wd BA al 3 p wea 4d B. p > gd wl ABE pace da ad g wae da d pag wer B, A Ma awn seul ddai p> q Aa y A. Geta 12 + Ree 2agd avi: (1) yom ada al yor val Q) @ yale 9 a Roun de dl yofeu ride aa 9 a Roure de. G) wRowee avai af wRouwe a De. (4) yatls aan 10 a8 Rowe de del anaes aed Vs risedl yr dl ATA. (5) yols avn s a Rouwy Dar 2 avrd vis 5 da a wala ard d. (6) arate Wea w ret oflL A. wae 4 wi dy dea ae wi Gla: (1) WE psx Dd yom avn d. 922d yr dB, Bam p > g Q enfare ar yr yels rou du A 2 yr d. Q) wad 3p: yas 9 Roure B. G28 Yale AD aaa 9 a Reus B. Reap => 9 @ calary, A yale 9B Row Da a det rAd aah 9 a2 Rouwe de. B) wad dp: aux wou d, gs rl acl Rouse all Deep gi A amy aRouwa da, a ad aal our al @ wad 3p: yes in 10 a Rouwe 8. gq yals dud Aged vis qa d. Dre p gi A yals ea 10 a Rouws de, dl ded Aol as qr d.suldas ab 13 (S) wa 2p: yols dad wed vis 5 8. a: yatls aioe 5 ad Reuse 8, Baap => gi A yals aud Aord vig 5 du, das Q Rou d. © WW 3p: wt ofa wa. 9: ae WD, pag A Ral ola wd al awe vel ed? wa 3p: dee aaa wil. gq: Aaa wat a AR dM. pg: A dea wu we dl ad war sid a Du? [Ae (Biconditional statement) : PRA: aU UAL weet ase Mat dA AA HO ‘Bsr wouy Pade da di wi dw d wide Pale 37 ad a Beda fA WA ALY Far aang Asarii su0u B. wd 3p: Baa weuy Bae 3. 9: Pde wade EAE d. rdf auda Rai Ap dl wi dx gd. aut steal Bada Rhea 48 B wr aban Ap e g a calaani wa d. ad arcu Rut A p vet B dig wei B MAA w AA Add, Hg aed Alp Wed B.A HEA Batt p A g ated A 2am TA arate le, el pe g BAL UL. aA Rouse $A, A Ap ag wag dp AA Rudy added Blea ar Gee 13: Bdeewl laai Red uel dyed Beit 22 A dowlaa A ae de a adel aby ouyad eg da. dole ake angel ae34 da a doaiea A ale d, Bes peo g: A dation Wt ada du dl Wa diag Al ad a suryadl Sage de Genre 14: Ati Rad VA dyed Ruri yes Rad ada wa aysd Betdd, acuta Yer avd (1) A Fe D wee BAG DH A acl od v ouysd Regu d. Q AaEN FENAatbEN WEN. G) AW AS au ads amu dy, da wilds imu 3. (4) om A ny DY, A me + nD YM A (5) mad n ayP% De, AL mm A WY ewe. Bas (1) wad p: Bae aA adie Fae a. gq: Fal am ouged 3434 8. will p => q wile B, idl p dae AA ad g aod DAA use al, ae A pede dw alg Het % HA pa gue Rat 8. o14 alle @ re) @) ©) wal bp:aeEN,bEN q:atbENwWaveN. Hp war De, cg Hed AV, UL p > g Ae Blut GAL wa bp: AS on ads da d, 98 aL wsls aoa 8. aul 2 € RA V2 EN, ad pA x= JT WW at B wig A ae all. ad ot YE RAZ p Re DY, dg Aer MA A aL ell, A pq rma d. Wd ps mad n mya B, gi m+ ny d Ap At B dig xt B. well p> gaei B. a 3p: m Wn YH B. 9: mn HAH B, Ap wer dy, dg Ae 4A, AL p> Gg A aed. Rae 1.4 1. fey Baril ses ww 2A Rareti Fria avi: Q Q) @) 4) 6) ©) Mm ® ©) (10) wes wigs avardel Hs a WAG Aa + OA YX yo HA es eat WA wast Dd ASA. Je © Raw dd AS et Yas x aia Wad re gat da AGs was x ae Wald Hels Oe RAL sin? + cos?O = 1. get aU] WA UREA Heel ey youd aL WS AD, 18 ak nai ay Gu ad % aA Maer dad. Nat ues Guoreedi As yseat yals Du 9. Fe Aoed vis yd DU Ad od aad 10 2 Rowe d Bell Bare ais St de AA SAGs at HA. 2. Ati ayst Rardti 2s Bead sow aA a veel Deel aewlar asia = in BH B, dn? A EH B. AnA2aY Rowe d, dn A4 ad Rouse dw An AI 2 Rouse 8, din AIA Rouwa du. A Uae tL Yad WH 90 DH dl ad dow 8. A Boar atu e yal AM wad da ad a FAA weuy Bde d. A Bide way da ad a weuy da d. A Fda a szia Pda da di seyeudl wil ong Heri Wd de B.ous ab 15 (8) yoils saad uw aan y WB A Bleed ouyed 20m, 22 = 2,2 +92 wv) da, dl a srs Bote 8. (9) A Frsrareth ouyed m,n EN, m>n U2, Qn, m? = n,m? +n? du, dd sida. Ble 8. (10) A Pula aU 1001 a3 Rouws da dda 7, 11 MA 13 a Rouse dB. 3. Adi Mav’ uae Bde ata wr acudlen asia : (1) p: aq ABCD & dara 8. 9 AGAR ABCD BAR B. @) p: AABC A aakeary BAe 8, gq: AABC R wy Bade d. G) ps Age ABCD aH ouyad a ota you 2sgu d. a: Aqsa ABCD 2 ala & (@) pin un yails d. gin yor yotls 3. () ps ards Wu xe B gs MU x A ole” ads dud al 8. * acura Daal 2 udu : yaar cea GreeRtund Fe Gael aude Reed aural dea A wud xd Bw a aulhs abidlai Guo & Pag WA ~q => ~p wariedl B. ~q => ~pr p => a4 wrerell Lea (Contrapositive) 48 8. ae wal 3 UWA CB aiid 24 Da d Wx e A dix] B wha seq VW. aul a sare Bax A ie BCA’ alia seq yRd 3. p => qi vdu (Converse) g => p 8. Al p eo g A ae WA dat alu Airey WDA Ree d. Gewea 15: efldni Raden aad Rear aa vdty oud : () A ara WA wet oft weL, @ Rab=0,da-0 waa =o. @) Rab=ac wat, db=e, (4) Ax Rowe aay d, da my du d, (8) ADABCD A alee dw, ad ant Aseil Ae d. Gea: (1) Wd} p: are WV. ett Ml eH, woudl Jee sa wet al tae dd aeaue Med a dU, wu : a aaat ofa du, a arate wed Da16 litt @ p:ab=0 qian 0 mua b=0 ~g => ~piAat0 wb #0, dl ab #0 (ged aime’ Wada Vai aa B. au a2 2 dla sa = 0 anal b= 0, dl ab = 0", @) piab=acwdlat0 bre. aeuell dea: bc dl ab # ac Waal a= 0 (HAV Rada sraavai ay 8. au a2 2) ulus Ab =e diab = ac wri a #0 @) pix wReuwy ea 3, gi x myer den a, mg mp A x YH ava 4 DY, AA ROW seu +0. veda: ax Hh ayo aan 8, x WoW ava d. (6) p: QABCD a aka 8, q : DABCD=1 Ryeil sy 2. ~g => ~p: A OABCDA Resell Auge at di, dl a ada «dl? udu : “A OABCD-L sail 434 du, dl OABCD ara 8.” [ESAS] 1. fai Rada wut Det car udie Rud avd: (1) Am R30 ad Rowe de dln A 2B Rouwe o. Q) AnRE aA Rouw Me dna 16 A Rous 3. 3) A ave wale 4 2 dl a awa ad. G) AnH AS yalod al du A ad aly yale ww. (5) Hn yalod wa DH a det we auadde By Hd, (6) A wMdaHi Mad A muah we Ge did aiiae AS w AB. (A Sedat A youn’ Rog + da dl deel adel ougyad we wegy + dla. (8) ward AT || me WA m [LAT | MAUL =n, @) A@= RA a=tb (a, bE R). (10) Aa = B Aa=b (a bE R). * Radel vada sat Rona WW Ruri aeutlet (Validating Statements)-{l wal sale. 2u¥d cael AR 3, Bert ver} Rou de aA vu Aaiell Vs w Ayer ae G. wa Rett ae BE mae A asl Rat Sala MA. au aeatlad sume Guderi dar aulss BRA WA aL NAL’, BA? UsLeAl Dae, Wud WA AL ey” wore Bret dea ‘Weds mdr wd ‘aiRRacasias” sted ue B. re asuilas aS 17 BUA Beas Fede uel dur sh C) A ailhs gies HAA Guar wh da dl a2s Rud p aug HA Ber DY a aged Reet wet BHA aL Mart Rociri eyed Rit wee el (2) A ails ses rman Gulla ew da dl aes Bard p dug #2 Brad Gru da, dl agit Bart Pron O aA on Ratt Raed agit Balt at 8, GB) Ap ag’ sted Reed wid sear AB p aed BAH alse g aA HL BA WB weve Ula (Direct Method) $2. 8. eT WA A eélsceh Guster ser HAY ad par Da wa g Gen DH aA ¥ Re MeL B. (ii) g-4 FAX At B 2 adlsed pf PAR ae B AM aula HL BL A Bull Reel ld B. ~g => ~p aul p => g wut Rad 3. (4) Mpa WA ad wg Aad } Bw p > g wa erat 42 (i) pA acd elle g ail sa WHA a Gi) g A AL MALE p UPd AG, BEAL 5) Masoud La (2Prerufied Aa) (Method of Contradiction) : >t Zari aud edladl dA Ala 3, g uct tl A a uaell Ya (Raia}el Rude Red Radler HA. BU Uae aM AA B, g TL FAK Ber da ad ASH ell sual g Bed BAH Ve, LA. (6) medi MR 2 ~(—p => g) = p A (a) Ge1s2M1 16 : MAL A LA eulhia $3 Ax ye Naw x ary yr DY, day Wy D (1) wea Da p => ¢ ad, 2) wad Dee ~g => ~pAl Guide slr. GQ: (I)x=2m—1, y=2n— 1m, ME NASA. YOM Wg ahaug Waka 434) (@tyou aivausd Int 1 aad Du 2.) xy = Qm= Nn 1) = dn — 2m — 2n + 1 = 2(2mn — m=) +1 = 2k+ 1 wl k= 2m — mn ay WH D, Q) wld ~7 A ae d. ay HAH AU yaya. xy = 2m Adi, xy A 2 ad Rouse 2. XA 2 Rov d awa y A 2a Rouwa d. 2 AL yor DB wnat y DWH. ~p ae 8. @ rx wy oA RYH B) =q => ~p ar d. pga d, Barmy aH dy, day A apn d.18 ait Genser 17: wall Deere LA aula sal: “A xy MYM da dl x Ad y ByDY _B” he 2 WDB ps ay BAB. gs x HA y WY B, ager yn Bway yon BD CR yr AS ay wal 3 x= 2m, me N @imat ae A wud) aise 2 y = 2m) xy = 2my ay Dyn 8. par aa B, ~q > ~p rad. pagar d. Hay YH DA A x HA y MYDD. aa 18: Pre Geel wat 53, wire den WA day eeu arachl avid du, Ga: wa dx aida aie wa y A ada den B. wad Batya za Way dou B. will 2 Wy AoA AY B, AML 2 —y We AY HL xez—yue addy aa, wig x A aay aoa 8. ma ROU mal WEL di Rudd 3, zaxty A wide ay, Gewseat 1 Prembi ead wed sb Ax > 3 dx > 9 ER). Gla : 4d} Alu > 3 => 2 > 9" aad B. me mA MA 3, ~(p = 9) = p A (~9) x>3Mlerso x>3Ud2-9<0 x>3UAG@—-3 SO BNA +3 <0) a> 3M (S39 WMA ES -3 <3) 4 x >3MAxS3 mt mon ae tell ell ~p => g) A waa B. well pg A aad. Geiseel 20: wMdlel wera Aad Gude sel wha sb Ax =y d= y? aH (iy WA y analas urd 8.) @a:wdyray omy Ae MWer=y wll y=y oe vayoui ab 9 Gevsze 21 : aut Sa 3 A yon a a Ln? yp eM Gb saa Bp ym A yom aid, qi yy dey 8, op 2 = PAC) pA a): ee Bae wt gpm cael, WD = 2 clade gon 8 PA gy 28 Fn gen Bw 2 om ull’ a vd 8. 4p =) ie 8. pag Ma 8S 4 Bd at Gee 22: widbemee wl enfdl 3 olds Ratu wae B : () Bn Rowe dy dln ay OL Q) BaP =n, dim=n Ga : (1) m= 2B aafRouwy B. wig A oegen all sun serdar Fabuet ace eel, Q) P=Cayp <9, igs e. sue WAGE Ba wre RM act ell, Geawem 23 ; aufeedledl uum AA euler 62d}, aietlRs aan 2 Wa + Ole OL Ga:wiip:P+e0% gir80 o pitt 1-0 a re Osta + 1-0 wig ates dn x MD EO * P+1>0 P+ieo a oeo eg Het B oo pag ud. 1. AAI aid Rt 3 AR a cial = (1) Won ells io ale chm gen aman meyer da De. @) A mada yeh sys dy dd WA dy a ygu{ Ay 90 8. GB) ailbirt Feed wert $2. 4) Bd dea ele | 8) suid Pistia dx 8, 16) rei adore eH 7) aria sai ada 720 alta (8) Yara Na FEVLL Hes WARK AB? 0) Any da dnt 1 mynd. (0) An yr aa a Ant ty a da. 2. Adi Rabidti Fae avd : () Ratt 2 aid Rata 42 Guiell B, 2) AS wa abe SArdl sen doll oa vale #1 a, G) An ysl de dn aia vis 3 u dS a. 4) aH % 2ARonm aiven ayn B. (S) A YH AU ARouw B. © es yails da ava d. ) mRoU da Ad AGS yA yas 3. @) 2 =-1 wa Ad ASs ands aan wea 42a B, @) wdsae RAB at0=a (GO) a+1 Faw ad ASs ads war ae R xd. C1) weds canes aia x 2 2? Fx, (12) F< x ald Ad ASS aedAs dma x wir wad B. 3. fat Aiud uia gel yal TA AAD Gude 4A end : rt: Ap adgg, Apiga% p, mas, Wale) Bn yen du dn? +1 you du? 4. rflaeti Rudi velu a artudl dea avd : G) A owe arate Vd Qa ad aud wa wll del asar, 2) BAS 4 yas Row dud AA wowi aw vA maya Da. GB) Mn Rou a dy} HRowr a du dn=1 4) A aqaa aiawuy age du d ad apaudd aypd dau da. ©) Wagan Real wae goud dia wiawuy age d © A wy yar da A gag xaha ar wa, M Axwe dad Pua dw. (8) Wr wy wa de Ary da du 0) Aagada wide dad aaa da (10) A x — a HYNE pO HaHa DH A pla) = 0. je ALA Bette acta (1) Hed U@lA (2) aetrueT Reet deal 3) AR Gael aula sd: RO + lex 0dAx= 0. . wPrebtdl deel wha sd 3 J2 aida 3.a. sulAs ab 21 wRGeurAll LA wa sd} Ald Plat ater B = pA Ba side Fda DR A a aay Fda 4 dH wAGEIUTALl LA wba $A} Ad Plat ater B = rad wa x wiglas dea de aud Ve aitn de, . aided weet a eBid 42 3, weds yotls 2 2 nF — nm YOR B. . DA aul eds Ret aug HA A AA aud Ruel (@, ), (©) HAL (rie Hou Rsee wie A Jui avd Q) ata AA sy Rat O 7 oO f@) xe B, (b) -1 8 8. © ou wa. @ad wi V7? (2) eflen VL #4 Rear eel ? oO @2x3=6 2x 448 () etd Rave wa ! G) ayrr avid aol BEyH O. @) 3 WEA B rea 3 wReww Bd FAY... d. (a) 3 AYA aA BA 3 BROW LL (b) 3 AYR eel BMaL 3 WRoUs aell. (© 3 Wy GB WAZ won ad (@) 3 *HYM sel aA _3 wRoUTA B. 8. MPP AAG NAW eB oO @At=~dxey @aAxsydr=y Axe, axw~yt @Axreydxay (©) Ax>y, A 3x > dy'4 ware Dae... 8, oO (a)Ax>y di 3x say (b) W 3x >3ydix>y O@A3x<3ydixsy @OAxp )-7>-p ©p>-q @-p>9 p94 BAW. Oo @prwin-g — Wypruatg — (~)~pmnag Cap ®) p> a4 dle oO @p>~a 0) ~9 > P Oqa>p @Op>4a (9) MAS x 42 pd FAY 8 oO (@) AS x B, ~p (0) wes x M2 ~p ©~p Op (10)12 A Set Yous S aa 12 A 4d gous B'd FAH oO () 12A3 waa 4a yas B. (b) 12. Bed qos tel ameU 12 A Ae yors ed (©) 12 VFA ges al MA 12H 4A ge al, @) 12 ® Feit Yas B WA 12 B 4d our B.ma oft (i) Blas p og fp Sq g = pd wie (©) p> gq vel (198 od pag aad fa) p MA g wd B. (© pan & wag mae d, (13) eu A p vg aH BL (a) p wig Bt B, fe) p a BA g Head d, (14) PAE ave HR p= QI B. (a) p wg det B, (©) pam Baa g eae B. (15) R.A -p = —g HM B, (@) pg wa B, (e) pA BAA g Mad B (16) fp Ua g) 8 @)pwig ) Gp) A ~g (De WA g) one B (a) p maa g — (b) (~p) AAI (~g) aula Ob) p+qtigspi Rien 4 py anal dee (b) pA g HAH B, @ pra d wig aa d, (b) p WA g ac B. @) p PAA BAL g vet B (0) p mA g mace B. (d) pac B mA g Her B. (b) pA g Mad B (@ paler BA g Be B, Get cI io (©) Gp) ma ~g (A) p HHA | oO (0) Pp) Ag pyr -g ai weed LA Wen emit aioe ail = Ratan, a GK, deen, Redo aid Rare FAG sieasis HA APussies at daa PAH ea, Gidea, auai Gide aA anual ae am Rater te ALB AR ch Fol B now A udler a wala Deni APOE da ae wAGewetl La -—o=use J oat 21 welas sit Rigicell al Daa 8 aA Ori seat Buell del. mL MEW! OVE Raitt etfs aafeorr A rail site, 24 Rowerd AUG Aaa Udy YrRIadsrt sl, 1 (Set) A oad madi neuraUuld Ya V4 Ws Ve B. ovate G24 (Element) 2G 2 Wer HaNUA Ye B. AEA ays ABBA YoUUUMA WE AaB AAA, set oA wepdle (pri yA cals B; Gers ade A= fa, bc}, wl AAS WA Aat wel a, 6 cB. wut Md A, B,C aR Wed se we quay B RA ant aed a,b ¢ xy 2 ddl cular 8. seri waa HAA eH 2A wRAL ae Ue (Members) slam 8. x AS a Ad wor (Ma H24) DR, dx E A (dae : “x belongs to AY) avila mA A y A we Add Aor a Ha dy € A avila. (lan : *y does not belong to A’) Beals cil ae 2 wid o N = wuss aeuadtt 1 = (1,2, 3, 45,0) Z = als turd oe 1, 0, 1,2, 3.) Q = aaa add ote R =andlas ariel oa ail, ae calaat x2 a Aad B (1) well da (Listing Method / Roster Form) : at aai avet-tt wedi FAPad wudl sttiaiy 8. A ada Af a eum yA yer Muar aud B. GEM 4’ 1,11, UL, 1110 Fu @2Al 1, 11, 111, 1111 B. ateledl 21 called, N= (1, 2, 3,...) MA Z= (..-2,-1, 0, 1, 2... weld 1A ova auedi wedi a2dd yruade srai mad ae Geet aald BEGINNING toexi Buca sada) oa or de, dl cL = (8, E, G, 1, N}. eefl uebal er ada sq Rea tll A eprint azadl wel Rawr dy, dl a2d A agenda ae 2A avd car cue amt 2usi MA Ric ADL GAA adil WEA gsiaauni BUA B. Getsea AZZ 1000¢ “Ul yer WYRs avai oa (2, 4, 6, 8...., 996, 998}xl eallaari ud 8. aefl, A aield AS vid 4 uaa da dl ed aa eusi Rarri wa d.24 let 2) yoru da (ava uf Qa) (Property Method / Set Builder Form) : 24 Dewi ran aA x AS avalBs yareal P(e rar var ayaa seari Bua B. 21a, | P@D} = fe [vd qovaaly aru. ar aude qatar P@) waadt dU ed UE AH daa. Geir alls we Urdu ae Ql caleu 12, Q=frix=Fpe Zgen} Wa ee AM = fx |x yotls aan B.-2 ~p au an BD att p => gi Fie p> paca B. wu 21 ACA widl se 3, udse axe Ax A WMATA, wie 22: AS Ya eA A CA aufidl : wal Bo cA, sul dy re pare AL Nase pa al sea dp wid og Bai, sel wR TA HA B mull A. Gan dh WAAL Gua awe BAT wa aise ova vdesraal vids. & Guava, #2 aut ug dA da, au oA Guage aglae Guegh (Improper Subsets) Sar G, sulle, strat Mia GuewT (th a cl) GRA Gye (Proper Subscis) say B. A ona A, ote Bel Gusvm dla, cl BA Aci adffeie (Super Set) sda. a fd wrdPas oe cot oval alo sda mi ot we ott andPes omen Gaol ede Seosui ciel Moelle] aivar aid ae Guorglell aval aie risiy vale B & fa) fa}, {b}, ta BY 8 fa}, (b}, fel, {a, 0), {a,c} (ab, ous Za, A SS ovapad ord ator mw da, A ae Guovaiel, oan 2" ewe a Mn 21d dt Gd Guava siveu 2" —2 wa B. ‘aia amt (Power Sety : JS wa ae A wi, Act amuse Guard ota aA Ad ua om stay B 2A AA P(AyM cular O. Gur yeu yw AML Hail aM ae id, AL PCA wadiell dee 2” wi, oust ATL wie HEL PCA) = (B | BC Ay ended nat, P(A) Wiz Beadle amet aba 24 ua quite il FAS va AY CA. wR) © PEA), 2 AG ye vert) aid oe suite well um 4 dla. Geet add A= ide f da, al P(A) = {8 fd}. fe}. Oh, (de). fd fl, fe. A. Id & SH)26 ale aas aden ovate Guargl + ards ae o1et RA Zeais Aeraett Guarsl d. ast Guoredati Gerseet lA aumti B wigs aieausitdl sig, N = (1, 2, 3,4 yoils aieumieth oa, Z -2, -} ay dawdd oe, Q= fe [x= Lip €ZqeN}. pEZAUgEN Aad aan ded fa HAY aed 42 8. at wigs aud A yea, aw Qai aZd O (see } au ele Berd 1 4S st, Geer alld 3 ar aa, 3 B= aR.) aus Ad ne Zdin= 4 Q wel NCZCQCR yale oususe a ded 3 2 regu + call use del Becls anaes aivued WZ, V5, mH B, wuel Awd_Q ou aa ae, ual aud oaida eeu (Irrational Numbers) stu 0. cur sida avai aed 1a ela 8. a, T= {xl xe Rxe Q)AAZTA WY 4 dy Ad dur avas dada aa a. UH Augraetl Ret Gua iaUa (Interval) 8. vida (Interval): a, bE RM acd dy, dw {| xe Raa} [a ©) = {e|xe Rx2a} (, a)= x |x Rx a a ° e ° (a, 5) @a aug 21 ail dial 3 vida QR aia at B. wu (6 — aA (@ 5), (a, dB), [a B) MUA (a, B] UHRA Maa coud sda 8. ‘Wun Gh (Equal Sets) : Ht Adu Ba aun azdanawda,d Adu BA wart 1a 58 B. UA AVY, xE Adxe BAL AVYxE Bdxe Adu, AA=B. mH, AACBAUBCAAA=B. mL auen veal are d 3, wri a2 su sHHi arudal B ad Aura all ean al A= (a, bc}, B= (bc, a} dH, A adasel AS asta FA CBMABCA eull A = B. Q ode aietat Be wud ve aed site AVyxrEASDxreE BWV rE RSrea, dw adwa=B. Gea: aa ZACBABCCSACC. Gla: wl ACB dad Vxxe Axe B afl, BOC dal Vx,xe Bo xEC Vix€ A=>xEC - AcC avy, ‘Gure Dg? soe usuRaat (Tramsitivity)d yerol 4a d. Ges2et 2: O& = {x | x A FELLOW ated wei 8} B = {& | x2 FLOW werd mar d}, dl diel of Rad ad d ? @acB Wa=B OBca Mw as w aw Ga: wu vid A weld AA auai, a= (FE, L, O, W), B= {L, 0, W) ae DBC ot wig a ZB. suelo # B. aut Rser (c) BC a aa B. Gemsee 3: A = (x [x E Nix <5} MAB = (x] x EN, x2 < 25} dH, DLA=B ar aH wid 52. Gba: Ad 1: wl A= {1, 2, 3, 4}. all, B= {1, 2, 3, 4} steer 3, 12 < 25, 2? < 25, 32 < 25, 42 < 25, 5? ¢ 25 adi, wee 8 2 A=B.28 ole Da 2 sau da dM yd B, wikxe A x xe Andre B mag 22 A€ PU), Be PU) AcU,BCU xeU (AUB)CU (AUB) € PU) at Bur agnatd (Closure) qetet ye sda d. u A B30 alte Q) AC(AUB)®ABC(AUB) Vs,x€ AS xe (AUB) MA Vx, x © Bx (AUB) AC(AUB)BC(AUB) xvitudl Pun (Idempotent Law) : AU A= A AUA = (|x Avimal x € A) =([re A) =A @ AACBMCCDAAUQCBYD) wibre AUC xe AMRATEC xe Buiadxe D ACBWCCD) xe BUD. aw, Vz, x€ (AUC) 3x € (BUD) AUOCBUD) (Ss Bax (Commutative Law): AU B=BUA AUB™ (x]r€ Amual xe B) = (| xe Buauxe A} =BUA (© Grit Fut (Associative Law) : (A UB) UC =AU@UC) (AUB)UC®= [x] xr@ AUB anal x © Ch {x | (© e A mNaL x © B) weal x EC} = x] xe Amma (© Buca xe ©} x] re Amare BUC} AU (BUC) aul AU (BU C) HAL (AU B)UCAAUBUC ads al any, (TF) AUO=A Cur, 92 Dou AB Zz 82s (Neutral Element) waa As 425 (Identity Element) 3.) agtel (2)ai cafe ya AS Vel 9 BAA C(A UB) A, a8 B= 9 adi, @ AC(AU 8) @ AM ACA GCA SAUH CAVA) — art @) S (AUB CA @yatel (3) @vet Raid 31 aint dla: AC(AU DN) B%. @ 4 wire Aug. / XE AmMALXE D a AS NE a xe 6 eet ell, xeA (AUDCA wa AUG=A @® a Gi) @) AUU=U ACUMUCU (AUU) CUUY) qatel (4) (AUU) CU sea} UUU=U @ ayatel (2) wel UC (A UU) Gi) >A Gi) We, (AU U) =U (2) BeBe (intersection Operation) : AA, BE PU) dA dau BAH da Aat asus aad oral 187A AWA Bel Be ove (Intersection Set) 68 B aw ar ada AOB ae caiaw 8. A veh de aa Anaad Bur eGur se 8. wIH, A B= fx |x © AW x © Bh. md AMA FAQ BAA WB candi wut dy dar crver adel ord ou B, aug 234i dd wea AB eal 3. v SeBan Beas yoeil asad A,B,C, D € PU) adel. (@) Belen A PU) Gued ReBu B. wibxe ANB XE AMLIEB / xeU (A,BCU) (ANB)CU mug 2.3 (ANB) € PU) @ AABEAANBDCB au WRU Bull B. 3) wwiad Raa: AQA=A AQA={x|x€ AMLXE A} =f lxe A} =A32 alt @ AAcBR~CCD dd, AANDCBND aalbxe ANC xeAwixeC x€BMxED (ACB,CCD) x€BAD * (ANOCBAD) © sed Raw: AQ B=BOA © wi Ra :ANBAO=(ANBAC aartedl (5) A (6) ou WE aula sal ae A yO aula 5AL AUS AN BAC wa ANBACAANBAC au s. M Angas quortel (2)i exten yee, (AD 9) CO @ ad, 9% cure sted Guam 8. uel RBr2 Baweii 9C(AND) w @ * Gi) Bd AN O=0 @ ANU=A UA elu ad Asa uzs 8.) ayartl (2)ai ealou yo (A AU) CA “ al ACAMACU (Ana) Cn) AC(ANU) wo @ 2A GW WA ANU=A Rourin Rar: @ ANGUO=ANBUANG wld sxe AA BUC) xeAmxre BUC XE AMA (rE BUualx EC) ( e AM xe B) MAU (KE AMX E C) XE ANB MULTE AAC XE (AAB)U(ANC 6 (AN BUO)CANB)UANO 0 we idxe (ANB)U(ANO > xe ANBUC) wld sal asi B2a 3, (ANBYVANO)CAN BUC). w@@ aA Gi) WH, AA BUO=(AAB)UANO aia GeBur{ Dal we Rewer 42d. @ AVUBNO=AUBAAYUO Ravi abil Grea woud (i) yao e aud ase et FAA DoBaLt OeBar we Rourad Gar sd d, AML GL (Disjoint Sets) : AA wRset wt A WA Be Ge ara wud aa da, dd AMA area oi 68 B. rear uReunt : fai Rud cubs MA wat B @ acs Q AUB=B @) ANB=A file: per ager res pa dda srr aula aid sl WEL p => g, ge rr Sp. WuRdd Reid WU p> gg >) > (PSA) aud : (1) => @) vidi we 6 3, BC (AUB) @ wlbxe AUB xe AMM YE B Are Adxe BsRAtACB xe BuMa XE B xeB @ (AUB)CB (i) #A Gi) Wed AUB =B oe aa : aul we 83, BC(AUB) @ al ACBMABCB (AUB) CBUB) (AUB)CB @ o @ *A Gi) Wed, (AU B)=B @ > 8) are BL (ANB) CA @ wa bre A rE AUB xeB (AUB=B) xe AwWxEB xeANB34 alt AC(ANB) «wo (2A Gi) WH, AB =A ole Da : WHA waMA MRE (AMB)CA @ adil, ACAMLACB (ANA) C(ANB) AC(ANB) wo @ *A Gi) WA, (AAB)=A @>M we d2,(ANB)CB AcB (NB=a) wad, WA URE (1), (2) HAG) A cubs DA wus 8, dx wha sf (3) ¥zsGe (Complementation) : 1 A € P(U) w2 Axi + da Aa Unt OL % waste aa Ard yRs Ue (Complement of a set) satu B HA AAA’ el catlata ®. AS over’ yas org shaare Bur yasheu sda d. al Ai = & |x UW xe A} yesbar wale ov AA dete ort AT wa isd 8. at Ba PU) ued AAaBau (Unary Operation) 8. ~ Aig 2.4 Hi dM oUt ote At ell Aa Bgl eula 3. yzebauit Yeas qatal fl andar 3. PET @) Ate PO. cama uel ane B. Q) ANA =$,AUA'=U retard eu wrell at ae B 3, xEAS YEA WEA SD XEA ANA =O oly uRewt auBid sat 2 yd 3, ACU, A'CU (UA)CU 0 api, Axe UdxE Amare AY xE AUN UC(AVA) @et Reid 35 () mA (ii) We, AU AT =U @) @=U,U" yzsBardl oun urel au URad ave dla oa a d. @ @yra au NRewidl wed ae B. avi wuet sl qed. evista Fad (De Morgan's Laws) : @ (AUBY =A'OB Q) (ANB) =A UB wt uRewh 2 wud aud sl asia : () AUBY= &lxe Uxe AUB} x |x UMA EAM LEB} COVI=CPACH) =(x|xe UWE A Mx BY} AB Q AOBY= (| xe URE ANB} = {x|xe UA @¢ Amar € B)) (“PAg)=Cp)V (Ha) (x|x€ UMA (Ee A' MUA x € BY} AUB aus Za estan Gerd aeaauedl wba sel aie, amd Geer (1)el eed au, x€ (AUB) @x@ AUB > ~ € AUB) © (ee A mnat x € B) © ~(x € A) MA ~~ E B) COV D= CPA CH) Ore AWixeB exe Ame B ere ans (AU BY=a'nB (4) dstad 218 (Difference set): A, Be PU) di avi da au Bui + du da a a2dle Otiat a1 A BA Be aigiad ot 6d B. AA aa ABA eae B.A arti dgiad Anaad Bur asiaa-LBur (Difference Operation) s8 8. ad, A-B={x|x€ U,xe AMA XE B) A-B={x|xe AwixeE BY) A-B=ANB36 alt mit Guadl ae B 2, (A-B) CA. a4 wg 2.5 Hi A-—B ABA dit Wee @ calda 3. u u A B A B A-B B-A sug 2.5 Guadl Aa aughed uel we 83, A AFB AY, MA-B#B-A A= (12,3, 4, 5,6}, B= (2,4, 6,8, 10} diA—B= (1,3, 5), B—A= (8, 10} ciple suai Beans oyereril + (@ U-A=A’ ai we 8. Q) ACB=>A-B=6 A-B={x|x€ Ax € B} = {x)re Awixe BY = {x|x€ Beuixe B} (ACB) =o (5) Abia agit 21M (Symmetric Difference Set) : A, BE P(U). Awi dla waa Bai du wig AN Bui a da dat dur waded otal 1A A dau Badd aia agtad- cit 58 -B aa dat wad wba AAB OB. an, AA B= (AU B)- (ANB) AAB=(A-B) U(B—A) wa Salar. (AUB)-(ANB)= AUB)AANBY (A-B=ANB) (AUB) ON (AUB) erased Ray (AUB) OAD U (AUB) OB) Rouyerd Ran [AN A)U BAA V[ANB)U BABY [(WUBNANVYIANB) US) BOAVU (ANB) B-AUA-B) = (AB) U@-A)1a Rugia 37 wig 2.6 ri ot 1 HAA aetad AAB etl 2 : U A B AAB ay 2.6 Gewwea 5: A= {x] x € Z, x9 — 4x = 0}, PCA) ede. Gas wld — 4x = 0 xQ? = 4) = 0 xe = e+ 2) = 0 2 x=0x=3x 0, 2, -2) wall, P(A) = (0, {0}, 12}, (-2}, (0, 2}, (0, -2}, (2, -2}, A} Gewseel 6 : U = {1, 2,3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) A= {1,3, 5, 7, 9}, B= {1 5, 6, 8}, C= {1, 4, 6, 7} ad Asi WReud asta Q) AUBNO=AULBAALO @ AuBy=AnB @ A-B=AnB (4) ASB=BAA, al, ASB=(AUB)- (ANB) RA BAA=(@-A)U(A-B)Aa () A-C=A-(ANO) Gha : (1) atl, BOC = {1, 6 AUBOC)= (1,3, 5,6, 7,9} wa, AUB= (1,3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} AUC= (13,45, 6,79) (AUB)O (AU O= (1, 3,5,6,7, 9} wt, AU (BAC)=(AUB)M (AUC)le. Q) AUB=({1, 3, $,6,7, 8 9} 2 (AU BY = (2, 4, 10) A, A= (24,68, 10) B = {2, 3, 4, 7, 9, 10} oe AOB'= (2,4, 10) aay, (AU BY = AB GB) A-B= 3.7.9) B= (2,3, 4, 7,9, 10) AMB= 8.7.9} awl, A-B=ANB @ AAB=(AUB)-(ANB) aad AUB = 11,3, 56,789) AQB={1, 5) 2 AAB = (3.67.89) BAA =(B-A)U(A-B) B-A = (6,8) A-B =(3,7,9) o (B-A)U (AB) = 3, 6,7, 8,9) wl AAB=BAA aedl (AUB) — (AO B)= (A= B)U (BAY anaall ua. a a8, (5) A-C= {3, 5,9 Anc=(L7 A-(ANO= (6.5.9) wm, A-—C=A-(ANC) Gewea 7: alka 52 A- B= A= (ANB) ha: cua yw A- B= AB A=(ANB) =AN ANB TANIA UBD coisa Fat ye) =(ANADU(AN BD Rowwer’d Fay UIANBY ANB -A-Bre Raid 39 Gewdam 8; wid 823, (ANB) U(A-B)=A Bea WA Rowse Frovd wld sl ase, wa wel MA 3, A- BAB (AB) U(A~B)=(ANB)U(ANB) =ANBUB) AQU A Geass RACB dua diBiCa’ wha si Wi du wel ard 3, ASB A=B. ha: awl au @ 3A CB Vx,xe B > xe UWixE B Ss reumxea (cB) aren BCA’ A=B SACBUBCA SBCA MACE AaB Gee 10: MA= x] x Rx? -3x-4=0}) PAB= (| xe Z,2=y AY, AMAUB QANB B)AAB ah Ga :xe A 4, Pad 4=0 (c- Me +1) =0 x= 4 weal x= 1 A= (1,4) xe BAR,40 alte & () AUB=(-1,0,1,4) @ AQB=5 @) AAB=(AUB)-(ANB) = (1,0, 1, 4) Gewea 1: AA = (4+ 1] hE Z}, B= (6k-1/ hE Z}, AAMB aL Ga : k= 0, +1, 22... adi, AS (051,59, 13,17, 21.) WB = (1,5, 1, 17, 23,.. } BAB = (5 5; Man} = (12+ S| KE Z} AD. aad, wfia si wi bre AB. @ Wxe Bdl x= 6k-1LkE Z A eye da, dl. x = 6(2m) — 1 = 12m — 1 (k= 2m, me Z Aci) x= 1 = 2m 2 = 2(6m—1), % 4d yas aed AS wa ke ZAR x — 14 4K aS ua RE Ze x 44k + 1 xaA x2 AOB. wy xe ANB turaudl Rudd 3. By AS ab af ck ey y aM wa 3 k= Im + 1, me Z x = 62m +1) — 1 = 12m + 5 @ wd = Dm +441 = 43m +I) 1E A (Gm+1€ Z) Axe ANB Ax=lmt S(me Z) MA DX a WELD, al, 12m + 5 = 43m) +4+1=4Gm+ It 1E A UA 12m + 5 = 12m + 6-1 = 6(2m + 1)— 1 B. Vim+5€ ANB AQB= (Ik+5|k€ Z} [ewe 22] 1 MAH (ex AS seal cull wags advan B= fx| x 15 seeti ate Rowe aun dj, AAU BALA MB ee 2. WA (1, 2,3, 4,5), BH (1, 3, 5, 6}, C= {1,2 3}, U= (1, 2 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) a flat WReva asd © () (A-B)UB=AUB Q) (A-B) U@B-A)=(AUB)~ANB)ova Rigid 41 @ A-(@-O=(-BUANG @ AAA=$AUAAD=A (© A=BAOQ=A-B)U(A-O 3. A= {1,3,5, 7}, B= (2, 5, 7, 8} WA wdPes oe U = {1, 2,3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) MR erste Grell asi. 4. MA={a4 bg de) MB= fo def, AM)AUBQANB GA-B@B-AG)AAB wi. * 2.5 ale) silva qeusie Dede wari sys Ws aUMr Bar HAG. syst Ws adeuddl AS ase 8. AS wourisel Assauaauid Assess super Ase] Getarel B. Geiwee a (A, 5) 2G 2 A youll Geel SAL Yell. AA says Hs (A, 5) ALE UML eLate, DUAL LMA 2, aL eH Moi ote yaaa YU WAL BUA HA YRUTAL Huis apie sou elles aud B. aL 4 Hated B. Hawi AAAS avr d. udlairn uReur-aasii (35, 100) eal B 3 Rew des-sris 35 8 mA AR AMda YA 100 B, vag sHysdt MS (100, 35) Ealla B % 100 dad Aas-syis Hare Rew 35 aa Anau B. woud ealou wud fp, 9} = (9 P} WE. 9) #G P). >, {P, 9} ae B, ai sed Hera A. p WA g AE gat RAO. stl qyousie (Cartesian Product) : A A MAB wot aaa da, d wai xe Adtye Bela ad aun suysa Weil (, yt 1 A aa Be sila yonsie 58 B du A BA Bar SAG qousie aed aba Ax B (aia : +A cross BY) 8. wt, AX B= (@% y) [xe Avy © B). RA=G van B= 9 AAXB=9 Aaa B. Ax AA wud A? gat celle, FAA syed ASG ») DUD AM Hust AV dia Brydl (Triples) aa Heyse QUA (n-tuple) (%, X95 Xz %_) AL WA ald WS AB. A,B AAC asa ae de, Aad SABA oyauste AXBXC=(@%y 2) |x€ Ay € Bz € C) add oma we B, AXAXA= A} aarti WA _B, Gewea 12: A= (a bc}, B= {a,b}, AXB wi Ga : Ax B= (a, a), (@ 6), (2), @ B), (6, a, (8) Gewsee 13 : WA = (1, 2, 3}, B= (2, 6, 7}, C= (2, 7}, de ad AX(B-C)=(AXB)-(AX © wild 524,42 ft Ga: wl B- C= (6) AX(B-C)= {(1, 6), (2, 6), G, 6)} B® AXB= (1,2), 0,9, (1, 2, 22), ZO, DB, 2), B, HG, D) aur AX C= {(1, 2, (1, , 2, 2), 2,7, 8.2, B,D} (AX B) = (AX C= ((1, 6,2, 6 3, 6). ain, AX B= C) = (AX B)- (AX 0) Gee 14 AFPRLAXB=AXC dl wha WIB=C. Ga AB=CHPAAXB=AXC=HAUB=CD 4, HA B= 03 MA C=O ue aed wee O saab Ax oh wad 3, BEO, CHO. A#¥ op dal Were Adds. A ucls y € BUR, ( ») E AXB & ye AKC (AXB=AxXO xe AVEC a, Wy yE B= ye C BCC ae da, CCB wha sil ase BEC Gewam 15: A= (1,2,3,4), B={ (a d)/aab Roum 8 a be A}, A BA uel 2432 aril, Gas a 12 1, 2, 3, 4 Rows B. 22 au 4 Rouwe 8.3.3 au 4ad 4 Rouse 8, mut, B= { (1, 1), (4, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 2), (2, 4), 3, 3), 4, 4) Gente 16 AXA=BXB a wid IA=B, @a:Aa=0d P= BKB B=G. 4, A wa 2 AKO WAS XE A 6 &MEAXKA (xx) € BXB xeB win, Vx, x € AS x € B. ACB. ax MBCA. A-=B B (AXA = BXB)1. A= {1,23}, B= {4 7. AX BAY B XA ae 2. MAW (12,5. Be (3, 51, C= 2, 6}, dL Ax @B—C)= (AX B)-(AXO) asia 3. A= (el x95 seal ell uigfas eu @}, B= (el x= 3a- ae Al, AXB ait. * 2.6 Mint eth Hdl ee, aint et Art a2dlell aardl ae (ADB dae STA AA AB vias ovat dla, A wee B 3, (AU B= MA) +218). A IA RAM B=BAC=ANC=9, AL (AU BU C) = a(A) + n(B) + nf). u Geure adh, AA- {abc}, B= the fi, A B @AUB=(4hedef ad, (A) = 3, M(B) = 3 WAM B= 9 WA MA U B) = 6 = 3 +3 = nfA) + n(B), aa aul 276i ealon wud ae O 2, AUB=(A-B)U(AMB)U BA) WLA-B,AOB,B—AWER Hel sal = (A. UB) = n(A = B) + nA OB) + n(B = A) @ all, A = (A — BYU (A. B) A (A BY (AB) = 9 nh) = n(A — B) + (A 0B) Sen = B) = nA) = (AB) Aw DR, mB — A) = (8) — (A OB) aU NRA (A GUL seal, (A OB) = [n(A) — nA. BY] + mA. B) + [n(B) — (A 9 BY} = (A) + m(B) — nA B) at La, AU BU C) = nA) + (BU C) = fA. 0 (BU) = (A) + (n(B) + n(C) = n(B AO} = AIA BYU (A OL = (A) + m(B) + fC) — (B.C) ~ [nA BY + AAC) = A BOO =A) + n(B) + fC) — (A BY — WB AC) HAO + HAM B OC4 aie Gewsee. 17 : tA A dal BAZ n(A U B) = 75, n(A) = 50, n(B) = 50, al (A MB) ae Gla : aU well PA 2, m(A UB) = n(A) + n(B) — n(A AB) 75 = 50 + 50 ~ n(A 0B) 2. mA B) = 100 ~ 75 = 25 ea da, aa aug 2.8 gyri n(A — B) =a, (A.B) = 5, mB - A) =e u atb+c=75 A B a+b=50 be=50 () atb+b+c= 100 b+ 75 = 100 b=25 sag 2.8 Gewea 18: wa 4d 3, (2) Ret a2 Ded, A= BAA TB Har aM B. Q) A=(A-B)U(ANB) G) nA = B) = n(A) = n(A 0B) (4) MBCA, al (A — B) = n(A) — n(B) (5)_n(A’) = n(U) = (A) Ga: (1) (A-B)A(ANB)=(ANBIA(ANB) =AN@ OB) a6 @nB=H =o A eiRsa el Dad, A— BawMA AB vast rad, Q) UL =(A - B)UANB) =(ANB)U(ANB) =AN UB) =ANU = A= G0 3) WRews (1) HA (2) UR, n(A) = n(A — B) + H(A AB) mA = B) = (A) = (A 0 BYut Raid 45 @) BCA wie 8 ANB=B n(A ~ B) = n(A) — n(A OB) @ wd mA) — xB) (ANB=B) () ANA=032AUA=U m(U) = n(A) + n(A’) (At) = n(U) = (A) cle: A ACB, a mA) S 0B). tet UL A dal B WL (A x B) = n(A) 2B). Gewseet 19: WA = {1, 2,3, 4), B= (2, 4} dd, A aA x B) = (A) n(B) asta Gba : mel A= (1, 2,3, 4}, B= (2, 4} AX B= {(L, 2), (1, 4), (2 2), (2 4), (3, 2), (3, 4s (4, 2), (4, YP nA XB) =8 a6 n(A) = 4, n(B) = 2, (A X B) = 8 n(A X B) = n(A) n(B). GeLsee 20 : A mA B Asst aed tell WA (A XB) = 21. WA CB, al m(A) A n(B) aed. Gha : wel n(A XB) = 21-3 X7=1X21 wig n(A) #1, n(B) #1 n(A) = 3 3 n(B) = 7 Ral mA) = 7 22 n(B) = 3. Wad (A) S n(B) (ACB) n(A) = 3, n(B) = 7 Geww2 21: 20 Adder As yori, 12 AAA oadrzay 8 8, 4 1dA oarizay 2 YM A ged BB. oat GY ged seal AED aise aD, Glas WZ A= oraz sei Adda ove aut B= ROM ai tEAD 10. n(A) = 12, (A OB) = 4, n(A UB) = 20 42, (A U B) = (A) + n(B) — n(A 0B) Gila : weds tds oreanizmy sina gy qr 2B.) o = 12+ nB)—4 20 = n(B) + 8 mB) = 12 wr, sPyll gral tddlefl dea 12 3. a4 Poy jetted aivew = n(B) = n(A 0B) =12-4=86 alta Gersee 22 : AGardat As geri 28 AGHA qyoriell aad ork 8, 30 euGaria Rel afr 12 8, 424 rdw” aa aA B, 52 qYRIdl dU Rl HA AAPA oe 8, 84 Reel da video vafirh aA B, BA grad aul le val WA B axe 3 eaGarir rad, Brel dat rdw aaa oh 8, ou yuri else awdisl Feel caged 6d ? Goa: HA 2G = Wid aaRl oviai da Add axGirded ou H= Bel aa oval da adl axGeaed oer E= riley dard opi da adl aad over 8, n(G) = 28, n(H) = 30, m(E) = 42 mG OA) = 5, nO) = 8, (GOB) = 8, (GOE NH) =3 8, (GU EU H) = mG) + n(H) + n(B) — (GOH) — n(E NH) — nG AB) +nGOEAH) 8-843 = 28+ 304+42-5 = 103 = 21 = 82 Rade cuReda eek aha + ve soe du. eet aloo AW 82 aed B. ug 29 lel Gerseel Geet 23: MA NBAANCAUB=AUC dA ala EBAC Brsc#p Adi: wddxe B Be dah wu asad) x€AUB xe AUC (AUB=AUQ) 68, A asudied B. () xe Awa Q)xE C () xEA wy, x€ AWAxE B xe ANB xE ANC (ANB=ANG xecowe, Pagid 47 @ xecd% a, GA Beualai x eC Vere Bre C wha ay “ BEC ay da call we CCB. wt, B= C. Ad 2: Md wea MAI, X CYS KUY=Y AQB)CB 4B =(AQB)UB =AQOQUB ANB=ANQ =AUB ABU AUC)OBUC) AUB=AUG AM B)UC =aaguc =c @NOcoH Qa 3X CY > XK=XO Vat Grebo ver ait uReu aia sl este wld ad eid, Gewea 24 wa SA-B=A-CHIB-A=C-A,AB=C.(B#P,C#H) Ga: wiBac. wipe Bawpe!e C wa dd p xa. wipe U dal pe] Ama pe A Mape Ada dpe A-Csrad, pec pe A-B (A-B=A-© pe B, % wail Rude d @MapeadadpeB-a 1 peCn-Aa @-A=C-A) » pec, % vad Buda 3. sa, A Red aa 2, BECA wa a HA, Bcc aw accs. B=c2 of Gerdes 25 : aPd 421 3 P(A) = PCB) = A= B Ga:ACcA > Ae P(A) => A€ PIB) (ray = PB) = ACB awd Boa A-B Geren 26 : {AX A)=9.( DE AXA AMT CE A, AMA wa, Gha : wal 2 nla) #2 Ax A)= = 9 s Rn3 (@ BE AXA a€ ADEA ay ce A wld 8 wt, ae AML 3 SZél a bc wal B; ed F oA fa be Gade 27: ANB PF2AUB=U d wht AIA = B G@a:wilixe B xe ASRAEANB-# xed Bow @ wi 2axe A’ xEA Wig U x€ AUB (AUB=U) 6 xe AMMLTE BD xeEB (w@ A) ACB @ Ga (i) eal, A= B. alu 2.4 1, Ravin As yx 100 Rael <1 wi d A so Bahl aide nd 3. 25 Rami 4A cum wad. ves Rall suid sdesrai aie As ow nd 8. eu qui ude Reudlelell dea alta 2, Ay aad 600 adleh 41, 500 qpradl RU ai 8, 300 He HARE GA BWA SO HA eHuaRHA aia Bou ull awl B 7srt Reid 49 50 aGarida dy adagrd Aq area Leal 3, 21 AAA Geued A sex 26 LDA Getter B 2044 HA 29 LDA Gautert C 2044, 14 AAA Geert AHAB oA on dU, 12 AA CHA op dD, 14 AA BRAC se da aw B dA Ade Genet nai de, d $4 Gaver C ov} du dar difiell dru eid Bach aa As US Geatert ot O04 ? As wari arid ret ALB, uBerladl Amai 21 Vale, Ladd devi 26 mA geal Anni 29 Mailed B, A 14 Rausled DA wr ouddeolla oA ve 4, 15 Retdlad DA WA ganda wer de, 12 Daidlad geslia a adele Ve Haat 8 Mate ABH Viel Vat DY, dl vilovai aden ear Raul weoriari ou 2d 2 A AB ads am Unt Guagd 8. n(A) = 20, n(B) = 30, n(U) = 100, MA AB) = 10 dM, a (A OB) ai. * aun 2 AA 1 welll AA avd (G) A= G] x2 202 wil WRowr au dB}. 2) B= [xR ww yuadi az 8} @) (|x@N,S db dX, daa dad > ata doit HUd B dX sda. Gurdti Gerwrel veel dill 3, doieai sHysd Wei dani md 8. wud, AAR eur ugha om Da, di oua Dg’ ad aia 8. aA x HAL Guctel 8, Hed } au ae owe KLM = ((a, b)] a, bE H, aR HA mat B}el eae aust. ad aMb ail ast. Gee 1: A= (1, 2... 10), B= (3, 69, 12}. 8 A AM BA Vs dein B. S= (a,b) aX bd yous B) ALA SA wa HA Rade Aad Gla : WLS = (3, 3), 6, 3), , 3), 6 6), @, 9)} AM, HIM 3, Bel xu 3 8; BA Axi muda de yes 3, 6,9 8. Bal wer 6 8; 2A AML Grid E56 B, Bel UO 9B; A AHL Ad ye 9B. aU, SAL WEA (3, 6, 9} HA Reale 3, 6,9) B. Gersee 2: S$ = ((a, b)| a+ 2b = 15) WH a A As aie N va cuvuha 3. SA wudlefl Ld avi, Sah wea day Mee Aaa, Beas at = 15 aa AB wel O 32h < 15. weil bai ase yed b 3,4, {13, 1), AL, 2), , 3), 7, 4), (5, 5G, 6 C1, 7) Sel wea = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13} HL Sal aaa = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Gew82e. 3: WAX (5, 7,9}, B= (1, 3) HAS= (a, b)[ aE A, bE B,a—b RY yal} AY, AS Rac asin B a eaid. Ga: awe a, AWA Bai aad ayon yea clave Aref ouesudl you yerTA HA. Bay, AS UaL srt AS (a, b) WE a — BAY Yas LWA BU SA Rec ai B, avi,ada wl Raa 57 Gee 4: O mar wilds arurddl cet HAE A yx ws aeurddl ow WAS = (a 6) | a+ 6 YO sea}, T= (Ca, 5) | ab yor ayy 8, OME Waet Boi S WAT al T ws wea wa Arua add hea A RON WA y AL YM ate Da, ax ty dad sey ena, wu a» lai yr aan wa, AS wa (9) € O XE wd (x,y) € Sad dai (x, y) © T. S=09LT=OXE Tel uaa mH Raa sys O a1 EB, 3.3 died eau Agua BUN WY 2 ACB wed ait A x Bar Gu AZ call ara, asiva aa augle at A awed cia ue call asa Hat Gere aud Qua Ra B : A= {1, 2, 5}, B= (2, 4, 6, 8, 10} WAS = (a _B)| b Ra a Aouwe 8). uA, S= (1, 2), (1,4), (1, 6) (1, 8) (1, 10), (2,2), 2, 4), (2, 6), (2, 8), (2, 10), (5, 10)}. 2 aio aa aug 314i cade 8, 3 wal augRai all BA Aig AS Bra da, da As wd dois wud B ad af awe ®, audl auga Gee-aig (Arrow Diagram) we 52 8. ofeo Da auasl day : B 46 tod 14 o 0 0 1 Gruss weet OMA 1 ele AML B. atdl (1, 2) © § Awl 1 aul wie WA 2 aU scot anal HA A MUMME 1 eoHIe. aa, (5, 2) € S, Buell aL HAA age IMA! OB.se alti frit 1 1 au aaa || 1 lo 11 TTT) afte yor a ase, oo01 (ATR) ou sie eueellA ales sda 8. 1, AHN S= (9) |x ye Nox ty = 8p Wee 8 Bane DD, 2. HN S = {ee 8) x R10 Seal tll aARowerd a BPA ell eagual aed. 3. A= {1, 2,3, 5}, B= (4, 6, 9}. HS = (Ge y) |x ari yD dotad aed a Br E AL y © B) aula 3. SA wudlat eaguai vil, 4. wuglt 3.2mi as asi calla &. Le x aula 3.2 cout sisi eadlen aaquat eo, 34 Aly A stra Blu (Punction) 423 wali Ay ARDS Wika Beara eld, A Asa SL A MAB Selb wee AN HA Wells AUB AL fi tettadl AAs HA nt As (metre) sayet Bs aude] did dal Adel B uae ws dold fa Ad] Bad Raa sda BA fA > B ay B eum, Pal Rad eu A ye Sul ett, (hu (Function) : Wat 3A ae BA wen om B ee fC (Ax B) BH SHO. wells re AX abtd Beta suysd AS (NE fdu, dys A BA Ay sda d. ova AAs Bet (Domain) A iM BA fad ase (Codomain) saa B. sya sadad (x, y) at a fA Rud aud (Graph) wa 4d B.dein ori Ru 59 ast fy | Gs 9) € AA Raa fil Rewie (Range) sara &. (Ruf: A—> Bu weet ar Rane sigs’ D- mA Ryall cea B. armen ue au ow RAs: A > Bat wea m2 Ranta sad O16 far woe A Baca sel, atel gad b fA Rate VS asndad Gute B. aS Play A> Bw, AACR dada Ada als aaj Ada ga. A BCR su dar adds Ada sdaw WA ACRHABCR da, dl aA ads aad ads Ray sda. SAAS: AB ands xa} ads ROY die ch, syst Ws ~ YE RXR AA Ae ardani Rs Big al Fgua sil use. (@ ») 1G ») € A Rad wiaani aude calla 8, SL A= (1,3, 5}, B= (1, 3, 4,5, 6, 7} MAL= {(1, 3), B, 9), SD}. BOY Fl wen WA AB WA Ant els A25r d4Qe BAL As al Her As wes wae) B. wes: A 3 BRR B. sl fl wa AB. aaa BB Ws Rea (3, 5, 7) 8. Sf au BARA at aug 3.34: ealda 8. B ope} BA As weet WAL LIE A a2 wa Arde we 8 Gur GerwrVri AWA F(1) = 3, GB) = 5 WLS (5) =7 add | au as. aula Vea. y) ef U2 y = £0). Rade sou! A aide RBA aorta | Frelan sll ani A AS otc (pattem) Hadl Dw, aid akatd Gul B, wut oud RY euler 2 Gor } apt au B, Gua Gensaerdi FO) =x +2, Ve] A al ane 2 og ae 3 eds BARA PEALE a ad enka as, RAY ou AB dee Wea MA BoMeA Gur wee WB, du yA GUE +R. AAti Geiser Gur eulde vA wevari Heegn o WA SL N ON, fe) =x m0 Raw ve aE F= {(1, 1, 2, 4), G, 9, GL aus, 68 gs ZZ, g(x) = 27. au Bd a 2034 B= fr 29, CL, D, 0, 0) CL Ds 2, 9s GB, 9),-} B. MEL, F OA gai aod wad dat wai a rar MAA 8. wa FA= (1, 2,3, 4, 5}, B= (1, 2 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}, C= £1, 3, 5, 7, 9}, Si AB; f@) =2x- 1 gs AC; ge) = 2-1 MUR £2. (C1, 2 3), GB, 5), 2, S, DP 8 = {(, 1), @ 3). GB, 5), G, 7), G, 9} ay3360 ae aidl RD aeNea Mint B, aul fda g wut ARV tal. eA WAEA= (1, 2,3, 4), B= (2,3, 4, 5, 6} MAC= 3,5, 7,9, 11}. PAB; fQ)axt1 Wg ADC Q)ax+1 a ail sau da at A Pit B, LFA g BOUt RAN aU aici, WA A= (1, 2,3, 4}, B= (1, 3, 5} AA C= (x [x A 30eM cul wigs don 8.) SADC; f@=2 Wg BOC gx) =x? aumulda #2, BAL FHA gat Wea Piet B, auld FHA g wut RAY al, aut RAD (Equal Functions) : A A dat woe, aswBer WA wae (syd Agu vat) 2a a (A dla di) aur de, dd AWA aru BAA 42 B. MA=C,B=D dt weds xe A Mal C) WZ f(x) = g(x) da, Af: AB ag: C9 DA aa AAW sar, day: A> B M2 fe) Axon sd Ye mA Sar Ud xf wWlABie (Image) Raw B WA seyd yd VARIA (Preimage) Raw B.A CCA da, d Oly=sS@. x € CHAS und we CA wAlia sdaa d. au WA (CE) ade ua calla 8. 2ua, 7(A) Raa sf: A Bi Aaa d. Gere S$: WA = {1, 2, 3, 4}, B= (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12) aA = {C, D, 2 4), B, 6), (4, 10), B, 12}, ARAM B ? Ghe st. set 3, 3] AA Mad fai A aad B, F oe Ba wl 6 WA 12 wa syst As 22d, Rai gt Ad weds a2s UM Ba mina a2s wa aaa did ASA, Gewee 6 A= {1, 2,3, 4,5}, B= (13,5, SG) =x-2 a9 fA Ad Bed Rad? Ga sal ae de AS= (C1, “1, 2 0), B, 1, 4, D, 6, 3). mal awe AS ama O 2, fo (AB). Asa Ae Be aioit wa cell. dell fal AM B wad AQ el Gewsee 7: f: NN, f(x) = 2xel cual sd SAAN B PFA Rade DD A A= (1, 2,4, 8, 16} dle, AS(A) Aad. 56 HA 65a WBIn WA YdUlABia wa Aad. wells x © N M2 Mt 2x EN walked Hed OB. adl f: NN Ada B. L= (C2, 2 4), B, 6), (4, 8),..} = {Ce 2n) | mE NY . fri Pactid (2, 4, 6, 8, 10,...} = (Qn| n EN} 8. #8, f() = 2 FQ) = 4, F(A) = & £(B) = 16, f(16) = 32, s. F(A) = (2,4, 8, 16, 32} yi, (56) = 112 WA _F(65) = 130. rue 56 AA GSAi WABI amqSR 112 WA 130 8.dete A RRA ot AS wel ao xe Ne ud MAGIA EB. x yon Du, AZ ways doa B. ou, S6rj Yd WRIA mR 4212 BWA A 28 B, Ug 654 yd WIAA AR Hdd ell F028) = 56 HAAS wR xe NAB SQ) #65. Geet 8: MAL ads Muu Rew add = M f:RIOR fa P +2 +3 @F/: ROR f= [4] Q f:RIOR saat AS RAR f@)=3r+2 Ga: () fe)- 2+ w+3 f@=2+ +142 = +P +222 seA FE + IP 20 Raa REC | y22y7€ R) al, Aye RWAYD2, W fy—B —1 = xaHA a, G@+ IP =y—2 mma 24243 ay mH, Us yD DAB YE RAAB y+ w+3 ~ yER, R= O1y22yE RY Q x42 0, AM R,CR VL (03) @ afl, My 20, A fy =x wea 4a 8. wotey = IG)" y wit, ule y E R*U {0} A Hort x E R AA Bel y = f(x) RU OH) CR, @ @ HA Gi) WAR, = RFU (0}. @) [x] Aaa x saai DA au da ad asa ypils. Ad, [x]= [ OROSx<1 TA1Sx<2 2RIWSx 0) Ay Bu wwe (ged auf 3.7.) sug 3.764 alt @) Hvis 4 (Modulus Function) : x eras WL | Ht AA wre uaa UIA B= Ixl=[ox x20 x ox<0 FRIORSC)=| x aude ag RQ aris Raa aa Pela ye Ray sta 3. ° Wr ER, |x]20 aq dave ou Rad Race RYU {0} aa. ou Bled mau dra wz grid 3, £Q) = 1, fC) = 1, £0) = 0 aR, aur, aU dud, wa A Bredal Dowie wd. we aud aug 3.841 ealad 3. maeae A rinis BAY RE Gua aumuMd ami Wa a a ada RY AA (4) Ge RQ (Signum Function) : RAUF: RR, wai 1&x>0 Y oO %x=0 —1 Ax<0 2 Pie Rau sar B. au BRU Yo aa OL ft mina owe De A ye TRUM 1B HA X= ON Ad ye Yad. WAR Wu RB x 242 Raata (1, 0, 1). a BANAL Ua augle a4 3.941 cule yxed ae au RAM eal aut Ud Yer auth eUsE + 0 @xr=0 JOVI aywo aug39 FE) = (5) “guél Au Polynomial Function) : RA g:R > R wii, aX) = aa" +a, ye") +... Faye t ag a, # On Atded WyUel RAY dare Bad n A ag yas BAA ay, ay aya, ARM AIRS aad B. wel AMR % suo prenda wae Bly A caguel Bad n= 0 Ad eua Bed v, (6) au Rau (Rational Function) : g(x) #0 da aa yseni anvula gud BUD fam gu? Ace = 4a aida Rdu dav d, au, he R= (| ge) = 0} RW LB as ay BAY B. fam g exgude RRL 8.doin orl Rha 65. (7) Ade yotls RAY Greatest Integer Function) : @ [x] x ell tte BHA x A Bet ae yoldai adel DA ygls eala ad F:RAR, fe) = EB) A row yoals Ady se 8 ad wea Rau Baur ZB, El owen ual ae 8 3, (-l -1Sx<0 m=! 0 osx RAA g:B— Rel auduisee (£) 2A 1B) ~ bel 2b) = 0} #9 GH eweUra sear aUA 8. av, (2) :A B= 190) =0) oR, (Llp = SE. urdlas amie bad 2youse HA A aalas Made yous a aad yh Geum Uf: ROR Wg: ROR SW =F gy = 4e-1 dy a Stata wrt add, Ga sft gi ROR Yt eX=P +4e—1, F- a ROR aha) =P 4x +1 ‘fe > Ry (fayla) = Cae — 1) = 4x? = 2? (£) ave a2 gta) #0 4 AER, Al gia) — 4e— 1 Dall a beet x= FAB Mt ut aun, (£)-0 wen r— (2) aa sud, £-R-(5] oR (f)oo- 3.7 Fateh dale (dalla BA) od sud Tln aidletd tou shi fs A Ba Rly da di We © AA itt 8 BAL Mit Has HAL Ag BCR AM dl Bat wells 425d aioe 21 Cui ate 2s HAL RAL ft ge aie aura deni AML Nels esd alata AA CML HL 2g Al suse, 6a ALN A RL aera eum aula, ‘MFA FAA (Composition Function) : 4) bf: A BAL apa Rad B.A R-cC du di ded pork gi delet Ru A: A> D, ee) = gD au ound seat and O. aaa ay wt gof al culewa d,ain ae tu 67 alPra ela oul TA andl as, (gof) i A > D wa (eo) ~ 270). live TaReedl Peat ayant ug 2.124 wulen ye UL, Fala fod go] alla RG (gof) uma Md do HIE RCD, dd gd 8. oun, g 7 au ft ailiPed Rly fog any 3.12 Ud WH dW R, C Dy dig Waal 8. AS: AB, g: BC dis, did Ale der 8 SARC B= Dy MLR CD, 8%. all gof kai as 4A fi: AB. g: BOA AY, al gal fog 4A ws BL Genem 121A (1,2, 3, 4, 5}, B= (1,3, 5% 9), C= (3,7, I, 15, 19, 23}. Si A B, SO) = 2x1 al gi BC, gfx) = 2x +1 dH, cl fog HAL gol As a da ad DM, Gha all RC B= Dy, sul gof wt O 44, (go) = YON = g2e = 1) =20r= = 4-241 = aed + (eof) = 3, (wofK2) = 7, Ceofh(3) = 11, GeofK4) = 15. WeafKS) = 19 aU, gol: A C, gof= {(1, 3), (2, 7), (3, 11), (4, 15), (5, 199}. #8, gg: BC, g= {(1, 3. G. 7), (5, 11D. (7, 15), (9, 19)} Ry = (3,7, 11, 15, 19) ZA= Dy oe fog ¥A_ al, oe ait] andl, gof x 8, vig fog 4d el. Gena 1: PN, £0) =, gg 2 N PN, gtx) = 29. fog 201 gof DM, Gb: fog 1 N > Nj (ogi) = AED) = fO4) = GFP = x8 gof : N —> N; (gofx) = gifta)) = eG) = G2P = x6 [= itu] sl jog ~ sof Gemem 14: A 2,3, 4, 5h, B= fl, 4, 9 16, 25). fA B fe) = BOA, gy = vx. fog A gof ia, Ghe: fog : B+ B; (lori) = fet) = Als) = (WEP = x sof: A> As (eof) = aft) = x02) = fF =|x|=s SRM bre A AN] eh gof= 1, 3 for = ly68 ue Geis 15: f: RR fe) = 3x +2. g: ROR, glx) = 2x +3. fog WA gof wi. Gha : R/OR=D, HAR, CR=D, *. fog: RR WA gof: R > R wher 4d B. (fog) = f(gls)) = fOx + 3) = 32x +3) +.2= 6+ 1 (wofk2) = st (2) = gx + 2) = 23x +2) +3= 647 gof MA fod Wit WRN WA AuReU We eumuRa B, Uiq gof # fog. wha 3.1%: 4B Raa da, di fol, = fA Tos =f. auld al, sADARMAS: A BRAD B. duel fol, cumalia B de (ol,) AD Bas Ray B. SAV EA, (Ol) =F (le) =F) (1, da RWB.) Joly: AP BRAS: A> BMA (l,)x) = fle) Wee A wiv, fol, = f HAD. auil, fA BAA Ty 7B BRAN dat Ipof eum 9 att fA 9B wA Ipof | AB RRL 8, GoM) = ly FO) = 0), Ve € B Ine =f wu 32: Af: ADB, g: BOCA: CoDRA dA (hog )of = hol gof). aU : Yad % hog + B > D AX B, aul (hogiof : AD RAY B. gof: A> C RAB B. rel Ao(gof) : AD BAX B. fen UEAi (hog)of WA holgof) Witt NRA WA BENBA Wei RAD B, BA Wx € A, (Choghof le) = (bog) ¥(x)) alg (Fx) h((gof)(z)) = (ho(gof) (x) eae 3 1. A= (1, 2,3}, B= (4, 5, 6}; f:A > Bg: B > Amiai Rix d, F= {C1 5), 2, 6), B, 4}, B= MS, 1, (6, 2), (4, 3))- fog AA gof ML (A wea waa dl) 2. SHA g ARR AA yr we awake 8. fog, gol, fof, gog DAL () fart) ) = Q f@=2+2 ge) = 3x + (hoghof = holgof)via A Ria 69 GB) f@=2 43x41 g@)=2x-3 (4) f@)=x41 ga)=x-1 () s@)= 2 +1 ae) = 3: iN S = ely EN x ty= Sp XB wea WA Rraie dM iN S = (2) |x EN, x <5JA weld BA eal Ae HoHMA aude La eald = O) S=(@HMISVEN x <1 y< 10, 5 2 yals By 2) S={%W|xEN VEN 3 RG) =P — 9, £8) Ey {a) -6 (b) 9 (ce) 0 (d)3 8) Bf: ROR Q)-1+2¢: RAR gh -x—-2d fog: ROR PG = ne o (@) ata Ae 3, (aan Rau d. (eo) aver eel (wis Rie 8. ©) Ig: RRA cba Ct dy, al Ae aude... 8 o fa) Ba (b) Fd Big 8. (c) ad 8. (a) vita B (OF: RR, f@) = 22D Rae 8. oO @R (Zz ORY} @R~ 10} NAS: | [21S xe RE ORSG)= fix? A ge: tr[ [x12 1x RIOR ee) = fod pt Mets. Wsts:RIOR Gt R= fi-2 + fr-1 (6) f+ 5 wed WA AL, DS + ge: LU} PR, (FF i) = 0 suai 1, dit, Add nem aed Raat 2. uel ais, webs aisle, a4 aug A asl Tatu, wen, Rane 4. Rive Aidan ad ee Alar endo 5. RAM we ABs Basil 6. dle RA -$=—WSR 4 Asada aed 4.1 urls Pde meuadt agaud advan ourdai ad. alae (476 AD), wsicpa (598 AD), ours? I (600 AD) mA ouase I (1114 AD) a2 welt curd aaa rerati wRewl Ana. wu ota x atid said ouridl adver wer yd Raa A ciel gdh wd, alls leaded wor GeO mead azald $2 del, ut ded whore Red oa odd ed 3 AKAM onadle 2AiO IML ia EPUB a adr aed ay acLHALL aie SRSIai ‘Siddhantas’ (wollaeuaed agai add sul) ound neve 8, dal BUYS BAAARA RVD Gai 3 aula yeu sine WA sine RAL UR yw pad B. cues? T (A101 600 AD)R 90% ay Yer YON HIE sine RAarti yedilei Yd Bue. alu adn Haar let ‘Yuktibhasai sin(A + By Bearer] ya B. 189, 36°, 549, 729 aati sine AM cosine at Asse ed cuss TFA aUVAi, Aer (A142 600 AD)4 A ide HA Gudea Sasa wa Add a Mada od. welll Glaus tio at use Neel Src MerLiell Gus aware wer der gi na 8. Aen 2 dA Ad yada! wruell sz BA m san (bd Gada) Ae age BuielA Guido. sil ayeril War auieetl aicedl Ue sim 4A vel ax wa. sand &. dice WA USA corer Aud amQuated Gudor walle cdl subd wat Rat 4A B. BAAR rane, Dsus, Serer ae alaerdl voll eumiri ousted Grutor e212 8. BRR ‘Trigonometry’ & sil awe) ‘rigono” 22 ‘metron’sd AA B. ‘eigono'a wid Fa we B aA ‘metros’ wed al AE Ral aed. eu, Trigonometry’ wed al Bade ant — Pde’ a, ada werdmalta GAekAD eur GAs we ausia ond 8. GUE RRA wy ead? RBDAL mut wri B HA adi Gul. HIPLA Ym azoll ofA (Mechanical waves) AR eu ae B. Deer 1Ori wa Ged wis wRaw Aad. cui wel ag alortt CAMRY yeolktd Bar 3 sin, cos, an iad Mout sil sd WA A sou got Siedler Balortt dectai alia ud. e& vd Bsa AMM cus aeolHi eur seh 4.2 Baatilaa Big an-wndani Golig bra dau Ase Preoaan ada Asa agen (Unit Circle) 68 8. Asn ada Xa AWA A! Bigial BE. 8 dtu Yue’ Ba Bui Be 8. aderdl Bev 1 Ase darfl aM, 0) HA AYH1, 0) aA BO, 1) HA BO, -1) &. AOR AS ads dou dy, Ad au eaunas ain 8 2 aioia 4H agin ua stein Big fl wud AA: AO=0 da, Ad aA dina Big AC, 0) ada. 10< 8 < 2m dla, d Asn agin ve As mitra Big P Ag WAS Se (AP) = 0. wud ae A el Paar size Gel Baus wa MA, aad aude DS vA aden uBu an duel weds 6 © (0, 2m) 2 O doudy As au wA, Se (AP) = 0. wu Ad Auda Big PA FdlaMlRu Big (Trigonometric Point) 48 O. a Rig Oe] (0, 2mA aad Big WA AA PO) ad ala B. 8a uds OE Ru2, wa 3, |B] =n. edna yals O was 2 cat Qn SO < 2nm + 2m “0S @ — 2m) < 20 wa 3 @ — 2m = a. allo BA adds aad Adu 8. ACR au fran Raw ae. WS pt] Rp’ HO AA aoa vA OF FD, axe Adu, dixtp'e a, Vx € AML/Q)=S(e +p), Vx Aaa, ALA rad [Ru (Periodic Function) sda 8 aa pA ff mustard 48 8. a pA qyraa aa ara Ad dub % Gulor qatel wad da Aza i, Axe Adx+pE AW sw =setp), Wre A, al pA yu suadsut (Principal Period) 48 8. snactiia Period) : ASS yas & HB-B, — 6, 8 8 BO, = 2mm + 0,05 0 < 2m, mE Z AX A POs) = PO) 84, 8, = 8, + 2k = 2mm + O + 2k 2 = Amt H+, mtke ZOSa< Im wl Pm tkanne Z oO) = Int +0. P(8,) = PO) art, P(B,) = PCB) = PG, + 2knt) * £@,) =f.) =f, + 2m), KE Z muted set a D3 fell Bred 270 a dicta we Yaad wA 8, ww, a Aa suadiet 6M, ~4m, -2n, 2M, 4M... . A RAY fq eH muaduit p de, di f@)=s@ +p), WOE R AO< 0. HAE Ya suadud g B RO R, cos = (gaf) (8) = x 48, BiBig ilu mAs aul cosine RN wt sais Bla 8, eee Ald cost 2 Pig, AGL, Odd ath Red 31 ewe, om =2m- 140. 0%, O = 20 42 =O 4. PRR) = PO) = ACL, 0) $ cos2h = 1 = cos ki CR, WP y) = 7 A DM a ett nels Big rox, 9) A atau Ae att. pet au. SAF RC, £@) = PO) = Po ») AU CR, APE, yp) = yu ela Raw fof: RRA sine Rity 48 B am AA gout sin tals aU B. - Goof (8) = h(f (B)) = h(PCBD) = hPL, y= ¥ eee 2 sin: R= R Aa sin® = (hop(B) = y A109) a mug 46ui ealda don RAY soni sin lle aon Bs, sin 2 R + R, sin = y cos AM Bl wy celle aan auc sel Ns 4, sind = sindx = 0. aay, sine BAA MARS BAW O, be a anal yal ae 8 3, Dex adu un AS wa Giga wy ASS BER 12 (cos0, sind) dx 8, 4.5 Ae yon Rew AUN HRA LOL iar AEM Ra B®. BAGH, 7) HA BOD J) HOE A Bigot dla, ol deel aad vice AB AL aineait ABs YG—aP Orn ar 4a 86 ali ud 3 P(B) = PG, ») HH ada vad AS ig d. y . OP=1 sy add rou) op? = J @— 0% + @- oF e+yel Wid x = cos® HA y = sin (cosB? + (sinBP = 1 (050)? A (sinB)PA BGR cos’ A sinr'® award Rae 6. BDL, Nels OE RAB cos?O + sin*@ = 1 ugh 47 4.6 cosine *A sine PRADA Rear was 8 E RAB cos? + sin?B = 1. AS UA ads ahd asl ager da du A aadls densi aiid ara 13; 0S cos? $1 AAO S sinO < 1. sult, | cos | <1, | sin® |S 1 sat, wels @ RAL cosO € [-1, 1], sin® © +1, 1). WEA cosine WA sine MAML RRL [—1, Te Gurr wa. Mae al Redte wet 1,018. webs p © EL, 1] 4B, Big (pgl—p?) Aer ada we 8, Sead prt (Yi- pyr =P +1-p=d 62, au Bigh aod O ER AA HAS Fel, 1) = PB) =p, yI- Pp?) 2 cos BAA cure Weel POY x4 cos 8. 2. cos8 =p RA p E [-1, J). wels p © [-I, 1] N28 © RA HAE Fl cosO = p. cosine (Rua Rede [-1, 1] B. Ae MA vas p | EI, 1) A Big (YT p*, p) Hr adn we 8, WOE R, aL WAY Fel sin = p. sine Aud [Aeaiz [-1, 1] 8. aud wet MAR|x|=fx x 20ND [Eilon si | sinO |= [ sin® A sind 20 (ne A sin <0Fioda RAL 77 1S sin $1 € -1S sin® <0 HALO S sin <1 © 0S ~sin® S 1 UAL OS sin® 1 © |sin® | <1, VOER Aw Aa| cos8| SI, VOER cosine WA sine Mau Aer fp || p|S1,p € R} ald we aed asta, 4.7 sine #A cosine Rani yet AS we ads MAK Sf: A> BAB x] fe) = 0, x € AJA Ray fai qed et sda 8, ‘sine RAxai eid : WAY ASSO € RAP sin PR Yet Yr B. Ved} sind=0 oe FiBig POY wy yt 8. sin8 = 0 a4, dl P(B) XH WB. P(@) = ACI, 0) eat AI, 0) 48, Am AP e449 = 0 HA OL= A aid B. CUS MA, O = In + OL NE Z A= 0 da, dO = 2am a= Tm du, dl O= n+ Tne Z. © = 2mm wnat 0 = n+ 1m, ne Z A Dom, RAL YA YOU. WA Qn + IMA Ma WPA YoU D, we 8% sind = 0 => OA wi yals YOUs B Aed 3 O = Im, ke Z. uate Qag WO = Am, FE Z AY, APO) AA BHAA UH Bel sind = 0 apt, sit grid 1a (an | k E Z} 8. cosine Rai Yad : WAY ASSO € RAP cosine RAYA HEL YL O 2d 3 cos = 0. FaBig, PB) xr yu 8, P(6) A Yaa we B. PG) = BOO, 1) Rat BO, -1) UUd snail St BB UAB &= Fur a. = SEA viata 8. aus fa, 0 = Int +O, n © Z. O = mnt + % meat = 2 + 3E, ne 7 mut, 0 = (4n + IDF mal O = an + 3)E, nn € Z An + 1 =2Q2n) + 1, 4n-+3=22n4 1) 41 Ant 1A dn + 3A MW+ LES Z4 ray o. (4n + 1) anal 4n + 3), mE ZA swyor yal B. all OL ZA yor yas 3 8 = Qk— DE mua = e+ 1S, ke Z78 ale aul wre wi B 3 O=Qk+ DF, ke Z. oul Qag WL 2 O= Ret DE, ke Z Add, O = 2n) + DF wa O = Qn +1) + FE (el Gua you 3 yon du a aque) 8 = (n+ DE aa (4n + 3 @ = 2m + E see @ = 2ne + AE a= Feng Wt P(®) = P(@) = B mea BY POY A YX B. cos = 0 setae inl qed out {24+ NE | ke Z} mwa {2k- HE [ke z} 8. 48 uu Adem RL ait Gay RAD aus suuai dai A ADDL ouoUsed aU He HA WALLA DR g:BORACR BCR aa rai ads BA De wr AQB= (x1 e@)=0 #904, AL ANB- le] g@)=0) OR Fe = eh ud 4g, care Ada FA tangent (al fan) RAY £23, aA ewaua sl, tl tangent RRA sin: RF RMA cos: RRA ARDY cuuse RAUB WA corti yalidi aA {x | cosy = 0) = {Qk + NZ] ke Z} dB. tangent QM sine 2A cosine AMAL CLUS «ah ama sad 8. tan: R= {Qk+ DE lke a = R, tan = tand = S25 = 9 = 0 mA tan 2 = SHAE BAM, fand = tan 2m = 0. 34, tan WEDS RDB. tan Raul Renta + PERM, APO. wl 1+p—P 21 a 2 wd dee ay a etyeget+ Py PeAdgda Rd 79 aun, & EC. Oe KAA HAE Hil PO) =& y). = 0, F use acl all, cos8 =x #0 SAE Ax=0 da, are cos #0 OF Q+NE LEZ aut, wells p E RUB BE R- {2k + Z| ke Z} Ad HAY Fell tanO =p. aut, tan RAL Radia RB. cot AQ : cot REX cos RAY UA sin BOUL cus cUUMa wa B. aidl sin: RR BA cos: ROR cot RAM WEAR OR = {x | sine = 0} = (in| ke Z} cot: R- {kt ke 2} = R, coo = 28, cot RRM WOE WAS Rs RAY B, 91203 cos a cot = Sin tan Ral 4 % cor BAM Rete WAR O. 2 42 sam RAMA HH x AS vor =, y= eK - PE RMD, = I y= iar Aa, x? + 97 = 1. HOH Uw 9) E C 84, (x ») AH ada we dau 6 E R Add 4A 3 Fe PO) = (x, 9). cos 8 x= cos, y = sin®, corB = SEF = 98 aul oa @ A, sin = TI #0 > 8 a mun ues p © R we, OE R- (kt | ke Z} Add wd Fel coi = p er, cord Reale RB. sec RAM sf RS Rf) =1 BAX B WA cos: RR RRB. FHA cose UUs” secant RAY sday 2. sec PAU) weu= (RAR) — (8 | cosO = 0} =R- {2k+1) Eke Z} sec: R— { (2k +1) $| ke Z} OR, secO all, secd = 1 AA secdt = 1 dal sec AAAs RR80 ult sec Awd Reale : awd ay 3 sec = Ay. A cos® #0 dw, di sec cura we o. cos (alu Rear [-1, 1] & =I $ cos $ 1, cos® #0 =1 S cos < 0 WA 0 Rf) = 1 Wi sin: R Ret CUM cosec Raa 68 8. cosec RAMA RA OR) — {8 | sin8 = 0) - (in| ke 2} cosee : R= {A | k € Z} > R, cosecO = Ghz. wat Palate RAL gs cosec Ut MALRS MAX B, se } coseck A cosecSE = 1, ayn 1S sinB <1, cosec = Say dlaell A sin8 #0 da, dL cxmud ae. see Rdwii aad sul yr x cose RAMA Reale R= (CL, 1) 3, de aula 42 sve, | cos8 |S 1 Teg 2B 1 | secB 21 sec RAR aw cose BAHL Rawr {p| |p| 21 pe R) ads va av use 4.9 my Real aud WY 3 VO © R, sinO + cos’® = 1 0 0 # (2k+ IE, bE Ze cos #0 28, wile (AL GA ouyedA cos7@ a our,Bdehda Rad st cof, sik cos8 ” cose cos’? 1+ ta? = sec’, WOE R- {2k +1)E | ke 2} @ Wee R- {(k+ 1)E|ke Z} Av DAO # kt, RE Z © sinO #0. 6d Foran (DA sin? 2 ouciai, cot), si? - sine * site ~ sno’ VO E R- Um | ke 2 + e008 +1 = cosec'®, VO e R- in| ke 2} @ Gewseet 1: di RRMMi gre ot ale: (1) sin (@- 1) (Q)sinx-—1 (GB) cosxt+1 (4) con Sx (5) sec Sx Ga (I) sin@ - I) =O @-N=mMkEZ @ @ @ xm t kez sin(x — V)eti yr om (at + 1 | ke 2} 8. sin x — 1-4 A Rawr 500. sinx = 1= 06> sinx=1 xn DE REZ wus sins — Lei qed oe {4k + NE [ke Z} 8. cos x + Lai qrdd Rar se cosx+1=0 © cosx © PQ) = ACI, 0) © PG) = P(m) Sx=WU+ Mee Z (=m, O= 2 +0) x= Okt Ike Z cosx + Iai Yedda (2k + Im | kE Z} a. cot Sx = Or Rar sila. cot Sx = 0 > Sx = (2k + IE, KE Z r= Okt DE REZ vida me (2k + IE | ke 2} 8.2 alta (5) sec Seni yrds Rawr sila. seca) (adi? R = (1, 1) 8. Red 3 sec MAA -1 WAL aad AS Ye HrIad well ur, AS wat x x2 sec Sx #0 sec Sxcti yrdeil at 9 d. sawn 2: fad R&A Rea add = (I) Seas3x— 2 (2)6 —Tsin?x (3) Bcosec'x 2 (4) 2 + 380c x (5) | 3 — Teos*x | (6) a cos%(px + g) +b Ga: (1) -1 S$ cos3x <1 & —5 < Scos3x $5 © (S$ —2) $ (Seos3x— 2) $ 5-2 © 7S (Scos3x — 2) $3 Scos3x — 2 rate [-7, 3] 8. Q) -ISsinx S16 -1SsmxS0 MMU OS smxS1 © 0S sinx S1 © 02~Wsin’x 2-7 © -7S ~Tsin?x $0 © -15 6-Tsin <6 6 — Toit Reate [-1, 6] B. 3) cosectx > 1 €> 3cosectx > 3 © (Beosectx - 2) 21 3cosec’x — 2nil Raetiz [1, 09) Mal {p | p21, p € R} (A) secx $ -1 KAI secr 2 1 © Asece S -3 NAL Bsecx > 3 © 2+ 3seex S —1 Ua 2+ Sseex 2S <> 2 aug 49 2+ 3sec xe Baale R = (1, 5) MAL (29, =I] U [5, 29) 8 AL UWA {p | pS —1 MUU p 25, p| R}ell wor ealdl ase,Raada RRA () 0S cos*xS 1 02-7 costx2 -7 © -1S -Teost x50 © 4S 6-70) S3 © 3- Tost € [-4, 0) U0, 3) & |3—7cos*x | € (0, 4) U [0, 3) [3 — 7costx [Al Bante (0, 4) 8. © 0) Marod 0S cos* (Pr+g)S1 & OS aco (+g) Sa > bSaces*(prt+g)+bSatd Q) aa O2acost(xtg)za © aSacas? (px + 4) <0 atbSacos*r+g)tbSa a> 0 DY, dda cos? (px + g) + bel Paar [b, 2 + 4) ad HAL a <0 dy, A au Baud Rear [a +d, 0) Gene 3: auBia 4 2,1 + CHEERS = apes _ 4tan*6 Basan, = 14 pete = tan)? + s1an*® (= tan*6y* ee (@— 07 + 4ab = (e+ 2 _ (ea) (28) (sin'® + coor = (cos — sin)? — : = rer aney ae eos = (a WY = (a + 0)? — dad) 1 "Toast 8 corte = FM4 oa Gerwee 4: auld Ghat: sou, (tan® + secB) ~ (sec*8 ~ tan*®) Can = sec8 FN an8 + sect) ~ (sec8 — ian sec + tan®) (and—secd+1) (tan8 + sec) (1 - (sec6 — tan®)y (land = sec8 +1) (and + secbyt— sec + 1and) GanB — s2c8 = 1) = (an + sec®) = sin 4 1. sin 0 = cod * Zo® = “cose 0 sin +1 1sin@ \. 1=sin8 Ge ~ cos * __tesin?o cast = sin = — cos" __ _ _costt ‘cos8(1= sin) ~ T- sind Gi) (i) WA (ii) Gured Hidig RE wa we d. Gewseat 5: wuld 421 3, sec7O + cosec?® 2 4 Gha : sec?® + cosec*® = 1+ tanO + 1 + coPO = 2+ 1an?® + coPO = 2 + tan®® + coPO — 2tan® cof + 2co1® tan® = 2+ (1an® — coy? +2 = 4+ (tanO — co? 24 (an® — co? 20 Erorws) 1, adi RDA qed adi = (1) tan 2B +1) 2) cosGx+2) 3) sine +1 (8) cose = 1 (5) cot 3x (6 cosec SxAdemde RA as 2, edt RADA Ree ad (DS sintx +3 (2) 3 = sects @) Bsin? x = 4 @) [2-5 sine] (S)| 3 dsec*x | (6) 3 cosee x — 2 3. wBa sb: (1) & tan8 + cotB = 2, ch tan'8 + coO =2 2) A sin® + cosecO = 2, Ad sin"® + cosec”® = 2 3) 2sec*® — sect — 2cosec?B + cosect® = cor — tan*O 1+ tan?0 tan? @ Troote = (E=3) 1+ sin®—cos@? _ 1- cos o (ees) = Teast 6 — | -+.+-— ©) wosecO= cor ~ SinB = Sind ~ cosecd + co] Sin@+1-cos8 _ 14 sin8 ‘Sin c0s8 1 ~ ~cos8 sina cosh . (8) Secxrtana=1 + ZosecA~ coma =! » + I= sinta coPa ° lancom CosecA~ sinth Da sia coPA 4. Rta = BEAD a sin 4 yeu abt. (0< < B) 5, A 10sin48 + 15cos'O = 6, dl 27cosec"O + 8 sec*Od yer eM 6. A cosecO + cor = 3, di cos® eid. 7. tan?Q — sin?Q = tan? + sin? WUD 5A A det VREM 1an7O 2 sin? Ad, * 4.10 Fadlahilia ARI auadsuct aud mall Bad 2, CAAA Big Baad yor suadait 27 2. PQn + 8) = P(@) BivY, A AW Big Pell Be yok comm sequal 2ud dL a a Big Pua We URL aul AG, 2m gpiisai ad swat BA sine WA cosine RAUAL Ye ead all, Rea 3 Sin(2kR + 8) = sin®, cos(2km + 8) = cosB, E Z. mL AA sec MA cosec *Y{EX cos MA siti Hed AL deel, sec(2ktt + 8) = sec® A cosec(2km + 8) = cosec®. sed Yad Wal a 3 RG, rete ois aA staan @ A sa A cot BA YeD eeaual ell a, BUM, sin, cos, sec, cosecL YA Biadwlt 2m B AML tan WA cota YA amadurt 2 8. ei, tan(kt + 8) = tanB, cor(kn + 8) = cotB, k © Z. ) sin? cos*A =86 af Gewsear 6 : aula 52 2 sin( BE) = sink. Gers MWA BY sin(Qk + 8) = sin®, KE Z sin( 22) = sinl6n+Z) = sink. (6m = 32m) A sind radu 8.) Gers 7: auld $2} cos(=e (=u m Ge: cos{ =O za sun+4) ost cos. (34m A cosj 2uadut 8.) Geneve 8 : alee #2 ¥ on BE = sank, Ghai : amd mnellr SA 3 van(ért + 0) = sanB, ke Z. tan 2H = pan 72+F) = tank (7m 3 tang sudo 3.) 411 aaai WA wedi RAD aed ened MA} BRU PER Rf) = 2+ LD sUdw Bou B, au wUduedl Rear Medowd 8, vidi oof A awe}, He x aud ma ax f~) ad 8. PENNS) = MBS) = 1/2) = 4,48) = 9, (4) = 16 DR. sl AS ase 2 BAH x ad B AHAH fH) Va a 9, Dad 34> 3 dal (4) > 7G) av d. aun RRA at RA a RAS NORSW=LSW=LLS@=4, IB) =F SG) = 4, DR wl AS ase BE BHAA al B MLA fod yer ve 8, RAE 4>2=] FH)

x, PLO) >F (x), Ad G4 FA gan aad [AAU (Strictly Increasing Function) maw Bw AST a cals dB. BACRBCRMS:A>BAM daw A Vay, x © Asx, > xy > Fe) cos > cosn aa, Rare ae B, Gens 10 saunas: sin, > sinB, € cosO, > cos8, 0.< 8 < Che : war aa sin ahd An 4 cor A vad BAY O. sn, > sin, © 0, > 0, © cord, < cost, fe rg rut sate Gerdee 11: auf 42 3 (0.E)ri cord 2 wag ibe 3. Ga: 0< 0 < Bud sin® > 0 4A cos > 0. 98 (0.5)ai sin tag Ru 3. ‘wl 30,0, € (0.3) 20, <0, SO) <0) =9 sin, < sin => GT > Th o 68 (0,9)si con wa Rha 8, 0,<0, => coxB, > cos8, @ WAG HAN, ZAR x con, > FBT X conl, 2 c0l8, > cof, au, 8, < 8; = cor8, > cord, ward, (0,4) cor wag, Ri Bded Rel a9 4.12 youd aH A aud yl vadl A LA AA ane = pit me: yell Mae au ualertl semen WHA Be wut 90 cui aaavii wd B WA rua ucds Maur As via sae 8. aA 19 ad cala B. wer, As aie 2d sad wed 904 our. 1 rit 60 aU Q P Rrwvti dual aud O WA vals Re WAT gal $8.B BA Ay sor 1 ell calla B. agai 19 60 wait Ur adaai ad B AA wells cute A AAT Raat 58 B WA Adl Fare 1” 3. art, 1°= 60'= 60 SH 1'= 60"= 60 Resa. ough 4.11 wpe, Beat iy : Wat D youn wad ar Vor O. AT adn dea wd adel Geo Feel Gouden wm eA aeidranrd Bae YBUEL AVA T Weer aed yell 42 8 wA a ie aman IF ed eater o. 0 Bx Wr Creu aga Gua AS Big, A aL > Fl dowd adel Boru r del da ad AP a Red 41 AP) =r. di ZAOPA WW 1 BB (= 1°) I tau, @ 1(KQ) = 2r A ZAO4 mW 2 BAL 29 wa, Wut A yeu wid Ax aS a wanis 3B Bee OWA y Breed As ada a ada ve muh are AS ua Gig A a mA aU AP Ad Ad ai 2 atl oud r ee. OF HA OP ML dat OQ LOA rl. HA euran yw mZAOP = 16 aA ZAO0Q = si2die. AUN alt agarl Bex soa iazawAi Stadt yoUED A add aUNAL ALL WHERE du 8. sop _ !( AP) mZNQ ~ 1(AQ) => 22S - (RQ) = Lenn = dn) ak > mZA0Q ~ mZA0Q = 3a sade Bae wee £ 9, sued Bat A ace ysl 8c+ wadiated Bunt a Z at sievan 90 6, ove “= 180° 1 2GHe = HED oie = 57° 16 22" same 1 Sak = sip Rat = 0.01746 Ba aunt, % youd Wwe aun oda A aienay 12 aa or ateruan youy Bur wu SE wi, Bret a = Ge ve eo lapaca = 12 3c Sur a coat ai, 2 Ula ave youd aivoary 1B x 2 = 30 ue, 120 iat Sati] BRAM MIN 120% Bp = BEE ww 2, r Gevuaune adi J anette AP dat Fes ous 6 RBar sual yell aula , aA, KAQ) mZAOP = 0, mZA0Q = 1 Bet mZAOP _ ICAP) RBar mZA0Q (RQ) god TT? e-L angie 4.13 & Sean wy = All dowd an Ren = [= ala] daa 10 ql ane om Yara varus RA y Wlou ual oun, GO” amuvaiel pL A M2. mZA = 60 adic de 4a AHN YUL MOL a, INL Rad a wa sell eal. sue #4, 60° HELIO YU A HA mZA = 60° ele. WA sida dy, dL mZA= 909 aman mZA =F = E qutej, A yd A wOUy Bastard pit dhe, oh mZA = 60 amar ed mZA = 60° Hat mZA =F saat & F Uva = 60°. ad, mZA = xd al ZAd aa Hd x B WA mA = x AeA ZAd Wer wer BLBideda RA oF watt 2iePUM (0, 180) Hi DAB A 0 = OF aa 180 = me. aul RAG, WL 4 @, mx aud. Geisee 12: F youd aieruy 47930 da aA Bad wai wRafla sa. Ghat : anv enWllA HM 3 1° = 60" so (By = (a 47° 30'= (474 =(8) (88) = (yx BY = (ay = Be GB x aul, 47° 30° simu ypud Wat we (HEY rar BE ave Gews201 13 : Be sinoun 39922 30° A youd Bt AN ADA a: 30 = (8) = (4) 22°30" = (204) = (48) “iy (Seal 39° 22' 30” = (393) =( (BY = CE x ate) = GE au, 39° 22° 30" wauaum ys But our (ZE)P Gete201 14: 2 Bart Ma your aizrun Aad. hase = [uD x 2) = EI=EY = (114-8)? = 1149+ (§ x 60) (1° = 60) = 114+ (328) = 114+ 32°+ (8 x 60" (' = 60") = 11404324 44" aural, 2 Wa = 114° 32° 44" Geiseat 15 : 25 All Brmuarar afar 55 AL dou and Boe ato widen Ste aierre Aaa, Ghat sail r= 25 AM, = 55 Bo «a, 0 = (4) 8 (8) = Gage = 126° ypu aioe 126 3.92 ale Gensae 16: aRwari 4:30 al eur Riz siz WA sense size AL Youd dieUE wa War ny Aad, he s aewd satis ed 3, seus sid 12 sail Ds Ware ys 8B UA Bie sia 60 Rar As Moe yy 2 8 Dy, gals sia 12 sar widen yeu, B ALM = 360°. aug 4.14 J Seuseh sla 4 gas 30 BAR 2 = 3 sets alin gu HOU 6, M2 sit cia 60 HGAAi wickar youd we = 360° Bebe siat attr 30 Peal atiate Yau swe = (32 x 30)? = 180° aul, aisle mZBOC = 180° — 135° = 45° = (45 x Gh) =F ae Gews2a 17: 4 AM Gemuain as aden a2 sil 64 dl Greuaer ada wRe ve alsaapd aud 8, a 8d aqua Ber aur aidan yptd ADE ADL Ga sagas aed Brow = 4 dl aed deus = wed ane on L\ = mm xX4= br AAA 64 Ao Prue adieu URAL LR Set, aid] (= 81, r = 64 dH au, @ = £ = Ex MOY = 27° 30° sag 4.15 Gewee 18 : 40 Al dod das A 8 ALL a ord AA ea aU dieu AML Gla: idl r= 40 AL = 8 BA aul, = 4 = = bat = (5 x MO) oie = (4X2 = (uty = 11° + (£ x 60)'Adehidla RRL 93 = 1+ (273) =e +27 + 16" 1° 27 16" Gee 19 A adudai wud doudal wy Bq suri 60° WA 75° AYA yeu rid, a adele Growl agin at. Ba: wd Fr, Arad Gewad BA wel dud 7d. wa aga ae, ene ~, \ ve (on -@) (4) e ve 8 augle 4.16 @ a onsi b-De (i) >A Gi gaa Adi, as ae Beotsas R24 mull rr 54 sind Gewseet 20 Te SON 3, ER a V5 lu, A tana BA rand AHL A,B E (0,2) £ L Che: al GpB ~ GA» HB ~ wR cosee B = YZcosec A, cot B = V3cor Aa 1A, cosec?B — coPB ' Qeosec?A — col = 2(1 + coPA) — 3coPA = 1 2+ 2coPA — 3coPA = 1 cos = 1 ott = £1 tand = +1 x Mig O PM BIAP) = 8 de AP er ada we diewell P' (x, y) = (cos®, sin®) 4A OM! A MP’ mids Big Pht x HA MIL HLM, OM' = cos®, MP! = sin@ #2 OP = 1 = OM. sind = 2M cos = OM, sin = PM muy 4s 84, ZPOM'Y Wat He O darell ZPOM4 *Rut we Ya OB aE, — om _ HU WR use APOMAi cos8 = Bp = = yall all ou 203 sin = EM = ABN MEI wy a ye _ MRL ay aA ony as er a a (2822)° = aati, op — MAL egy — MM oy C080 7 au, Dr agin we eau Blea BAD aA sizdie FAA 2UHR aueUldd Pdetea RA Ret all adl ADA} wade GAGA rwRa AR gtd waa ate 8, stam 3 ate put aierinr (0, 90) sHai B. Re afar sated arvana, cum yeu HOE AR AAS AB, 8 yell Bee aaard wa 2 vie wari 20a.96 alia 415 wels aagel Bulgtilae Raut ye Suv cael AA 2, Wes cans aia OA said A aida wa avin Bie, PO) wal, ait Rigen wr (x, y) dla, el cos ate sin MR sueen uaell x = cos, y = sin, ao 0 aay > O 2. © = cnx > 0, p = sin > 0 HE << mde ch PO) ~ Mx, ») Ble saad wud Ol au Ae x <0 Hy > 0, x= cos <0, y= sin > 0. am <0 < 42 aa di PO) - PG ») ally aH A A ay RAR x < 0, py <0 dal x= ens <0, p= sn0 <0. BM <0 < on dud PO) PE») aq ami aud BA aH aS x > 0, y <0 aug 4.19 Ud AE, ¥ = cos8 > 0 AA y = sin < 0. Aland = SA, cof = S25, casecO = sec = hy daw RAK aa wu BRM Gra andl asa ad la avesni cell & ¢ ka. aeer xa Galle dela sine + + - - cos + 2 = + tan + = + = cat + - + - cose + + = = see + = - + Getg2et 21: PK) Ale AeA SH 2A cor = 7H dy, a UH BARRY RR yea. aii.Fda RA 99 0 A sec% = 1+ tan = 1 + ME = 1 sec® = +13 Badly areri secO <0. 412 secO ae, 24d eagle A 2 sin = cos0 » cand = ($ sin8 = HE WA cosec® = HE Getweel 22 + cos = =P ab > 0 dN a= b alia s0 G34: |cos8| $1 (arb aiaby © (a + bP S dab (@b > 0) * @-bso wid (a - 52 £0 a-b=0 a=b Gewea 23 : tan = 2— V3 dH al cosO ah. 0 0 24 cos0t > sinot sino. = cos. — since cost — sind = V2 sin oles Aa : coscr + sina. = Y2cas0. sino = (V2 — 1) cose sin, E+ cost = pat X Paes cos. = (JE + 1) singe (2 - NW? +) = W2P-1- cost = JZsindh + sino cosas — sinc = V2 since Gesee 26 A SOE + A A 1 a, a aad 913, (sinter + sink = 2ointer sin? oy SOB 4 SB 0 sag Oba saul, Sot case +p in! = sin®a)* “T-sintp * simp =! tual 2 sinter = m 2 siPB =n a= mt + =1 wt m4 wd 09 = Hh =) m1 — 2m + m2) + m1 = 2) wr n= Inn + men + me = min = n = = Imn + mi? = 0 (imp =0102 alti @ ) Gewsea 27: A tan’ sinter = sin?B 0 1 = cosa. = 1 — cos*B 0520. = cos? oy sin$0L+ sin'B = (sin20L— sin? BY + 2sin?Ct sin? (e? + B2 = (a b)? + 2ab) = (sin? — si’'0x? + 2sin?O. sin? = 2sin2or sin, cosh | sinth pa sma coos * sinh owe = costB + sin? = 1 2 AY, A secO + 1an3® cosecO = (2 - @)t wala 2. cos*h costo. @<6<3) Ghai : SoU, = secO + 1an*6 cosec® - sin*® co * caste * Sind - sin co * e059 20528 + sin2@ 08% _a a) = se = (sec20)? (0<@<3) = (1 + 1a)? =0+1-aF == abt = 40, Geis2a 28 Ax A AS ua yrdar arales aon dy, dl alt 3 cosO WA sind Axt tad aan. Gha : wad 3x€ R- {0} 8.Edafidla Ried 103 lash dex >d ie atd ~ ere |) -wWexprwex$ 2 a ie (#-) +2 x4i22 fsu2exro 1 a aby = 2 1 rt] Ay > 0 duel Guz exfou yr p+ 4 22. -(7+3] <2 (x+t} oub (ett) >2aur oak (stt) <2 wee @e RUB-1 SsinOB ST WA -1S cas $1. SUH, sin WA cos Dx + Powe ud ab ale eaten d BabceR Wath btoctad, d AS w Be RAE sec = GaP ay af A Bia $2. 2 sins = cose. —sinfh + Gosih sina sinc si cow sit * Tos sina aaa 52. f(a) = cos" + sin du, ad 24(6) — 3f(4) + 1 = 0 anlbir 3, B meosct — nsince=p da, dl maine + n cose = tym? bab — pe aul wd. acos'x + 3acos xsin? x = mew asiPx + 3acos*esinx =n dM, cl (+ 0) (m= mt = 20? ala a sin + ca¥0 = m a, A sia + cost = A=Rim 0" aie104 fie AtsectA cote _ 1+ tana cosB a 4a 4s Te secte cot? 1+ anc costs MA 5 2 3sin0 + sin’ 8, ARTS — 2oin® (sin — 1) + cos? aiid 52. 9. cot?x — costs = cos*x cox wid 4 HA A URL cox 2 cos*x ad. 10. RO secB + cosec lic a Ian's 11. wet 42 3 250078 — sect® — 2easec?® + cosec'® = “ano tan?8(cosec8— 1) _ (= cos6)cosec*® THe0s)— —casec +4 13. Wa sea = Pear = 2 ad, six = SH Zr caBia 52, 14, IQ aii cs Bir ay ota a Ba aular Ase (a), (b), (©) sr (HIM Loy Ree wie HA Cui ana : 12. aha 6% (1) Asin® + cosecO = 2 a4, Ad sin + cosec®O =... oO @1 (b) 64 @2 (16 Q ASG) = cost + sect, dH, Ad... oO @s/@<1 O)S@)=1 ©0 sin 1 (b) sin 1° < sin 1 © sin 1° = sin 1 @ sin 0 = Hsin (6H) Fe wera 45% ya detadl 28 BM Geman agar awed doa 8 Oo @ 2a (b) 16 @ 2a (@ 24 20 @ Quai 830 ad ses sia HA HAG2 sia aan gud we... @ CT (a) 80° (b) 75° (©) 60° (@) 105°Faded BAL 105 (8) 7A Gerucien adausia dia snl 12 del Bewaaran agar ube ve sdsed da, dl AA Bx MA Hder gud, AOL = Oo (@ 50° @ 210° (©) 100° @ 60" @) 15m Aan dousarg wwe By WA SE weed yD eta GH, al adel Bee ae oO (a) 10 20 (b) 20 AH (© 114 A @) 225 & (10) * san8 =x — Ze de, dl sec — tan = oO (a) ~2x HAL Ze (b) FE MAL 2x (0) 2x OF (11) A SOFA = OB = AE 0) Rad, sink = B tan a sing =P. aU, tan cos: 2 seck = 2, cosech = $e, cord = E =2, coseck = Fy, cotno alla 5.5 P(Z}u wm: wal 3 PZ)ar we G, ») B. ey AP cous 2 8. AP) = EB. mZAoP = E = 30° al, Gig PA ZAOBAL reel oui B. mZPOB = 90° — 30° = 60° «8, AoPBYL OB = OP Prva) sul, ZOBP = ZOPB 4A mZOBP + mZOPB + mZPOB = 180° mZOBP + mZOPB = 120° (mZPOB = 60°) aul, ZOBP = ZOPB (OB = OP) mZOBP = mZOPB = 60° > APOBHt 4Qu 25z4 8. APOB xHqx 3. OP = OB = PB PB? = J OP FIP AT ex, ») AA BO, H) o P+P-wti=l wigx? +P 1 seat 3 PG y) A RSH adn we B. wg 54 P(E) wan aaa B, A> cos *A sin eel a wus, & » = (cost, wel re +) m= Binh cost = B, sink not =2, cot = seck =F, coseck = 2, cork = V3.Adaidla Ried ARne yeh a auto 111 Gawwea 1: 3 co®Z — sec +5 tanh yer Aad, Ghe : aud well GA 3, cas! = Zp, seok = 2, unk = 5 Gewsea 2: 4 tan?E — 5 cosec?h — 3 sink < Baa Aad. he: aud swell MA 3, tank = Jp, case = JE, sink = 4. my Atan?E ~ 5 cose? — 4 sink = 4x |x Ba : sad aaelld A a he cot = 3, a = 4 cohE x 2m sot, = 4 coRE +3 sin?E — 2 cosec?h 4+27-32-3 ra = Qa Wage Qn 5h = xo. tan ~ tan ens ta Geen 4+ wit $03, Kran Gha SUN Wa AL, ea = 1, tan = Seuz lie sa, eau 5.1 5 ak % eaiac® % cotk 1, seeZ tank + sink cosee® + cosh cork 4 yer Ane, 2. coh + cose + Sian? oj yeu dd 3. 2sinPE + 2eastS + sect | ye Aad 4. wa #14, (Jes seek — AsinZ tan) cosam = 1. 8. (sin + cosl)(sin®Z. — sin% cock + cos?) ll Gan Anal. 28 + eas? x 6, Map tea h stan oo Aiud aaa Bain’ cone + tan _ fn - W2 7 euler 4, cond covdh + sinks 5.6 Fades Fae udea, y= sind oud. wel Beals Gad WD sinell Grad, shes A send B=Adele Bei Aline yed 2A waa 19 sin buadt RAW B. a4 auadatt 21 8. dell, y= sine duet suddad BUA WO [0, 27] vide seq ATA (augla 5.5) Asai aude, Udit BL BiAIGNL UAL OLE ‘aamauell 2 dodo viawerl Ae wdad yraada ud (mugla 5.6) say 5.6 war well Ad Rad ered ad asi (1) y= sinx it md Xa Ase ay Bigniiai 8 8, Fai 3 0, tr, +27, 157, ai ol BVA Ad Gt yet ave Q2) y= sine i aud X-naa 0, tm, tam, H7,.. Biged B B. ae adi ada aia. (iat | k E 2} B. 3) y= sine Hea HA ta Gt aH 1 WA—1 BWA sine A-1 aw 1 ad au Bad are s 3, (0.5) ed 2 we weg aud GueWdl are ee B. wea Fa arg BRU 8. Ay wud olen WA Am wei ad HA aL arEVii aug BRU B. © 44) J Gen relia veel sin BAX Asads 8, (6) y= sine dd ado Ira dsLAA YARIAlMA EAD. 5125.3, sin RG suacbur 2m 8, Ay=s@) AT waduaay sade Aly de wr Adi Guede A dH, A ad wud T dauden vidueri ded wala &. see 3 Asa ad T douse viaaeri dal cue AT douse, vider Ay audeed yraadt wd. ad duane @ y =70)4 runt Bade yer 8, a114 aalbiet AAS RAW y = fe) | muadut 2 AY WA daRad2 m dy, a RW yrenf(ax+b),a>0 4 madart 2 wa aA aad SufGaae jo | +m 4a 6A au aaldd Gudet 62 BUM c sin ar, cos ax WA c tan artt WAV dal ahy, 8) = csinacd 2 (@ > 0) weet UNA y = sine sddar{ Ud Hy WA Ud au XHUA BE a Bigady{ sade a a a Bigot PG) 3H, LA a Ue y= esi aed ud X-tHd 0, H, 2H, Sai Rigel Bed. ae def suadut 2 wa. Yate wedi Biged <1 atu 1 at WA of awific | Aa, wax Nt Gata 2A Ade aL Big sear [0, 22] xi E aa 2 wea, dud Raat ic bien & BANA y = csin arc WAHL HoH RA AAter Bad ays fe] WA -[o] A ye 2 call &. yp = sinx dl WAM 4c] dat c] ad suad. Gesza 5 sin il aH AL. Ga: y=3sin WL y=c sin ax WA BUA, a=2*We=3 ah Ag saad 3 2h = ruil WA Rar = (3, 3]. at RAUAL 2UAM y= sine AL wad FA % 8. y = simxd aud Xa F Bigella 3% O aA sq7u aud x, 26, 31. aia aed En, 3E,.. a AA B wr Rear [-3, 3] 6 a aed Adi Ud y = 3 aw ya3 ad wad a. y Genre 6: y = 2sin FL wan da. Ga :adla=twric=2 wuadait 4m 24 rar [-2, 2] 8. aude X-2ie del Delhig 2m, 4n,... RB. (x, 2m... ARH Hea)Adetide Radi fine yed WA wah 115 S@) = cose wav (0 $x < 2x) ail Badly Bud 42 cosxl Brad Sires fA wd 8: rd ee eee ee 1 [0.87] 0.5 | |-0.5|-0.87| -1]-0.87/-0.5| 0 | 0.5 |0.87) 1 cox RY WA 2adl RAD A AY sada 2m B. all y = coset waa In viarani dul me aq on douse riaand Yraiedt we B. (aug 5.11) aud ua Ad] Roidl wend ad ase od () y= corr wid XaHeA Bu ay Bigadod BF B, HO AK, 49K, 450, a ati Big usa AML Baa qe aie 8. y= cosmi wae Kar +E, $3%, $52, Bigadal BEB. dai gadd BL {@k+ DE lke Z} 8. y= cos xl MEL MA wot Gt 1 HA 1B, A AAl ae OU Re 8. (4) (0,F) 2d un areal Gorse x al BAM Ba AAD dee Bd B, Bed. WerL Rabi cos Hag BAA B, muda wel AS aute B 3 (Ee) aed al reed we Ud AA dee At O. 2d often asi UA cos Haq MAH D dtu (T,7E) aa (2,27) Sea Alea 2 en aeeoai mde Gur dae WUD 2d cos akg BRAD. (S) (0, m1, (7, 2m}... Far wuld WEA cos Asars Bd 9. © y=cosait ma Ameri denise vicaarri Yea WH B, HA} cos RAM, yr stadt 2 8. Q) re)16 ale y= ccos axl 2AM (a > 0) BMA y = cosxtl mad audit weet sia 2A aude we, K-tAl BE Bd UH BigwA dre aur aad oul, Aq suadud 2H aa, (advert Rane [4c Jel] By = ceosardl sit WA ayaa Gnd ays fo] a sje], You we aaa. Gewwea 7: yp = 2cos 3x mau a Gba sy = 2eos3xA yc cosax Wd amuadi, a=3cn2 ell ad yea uscd 2 WA Beate 2, 2) 8. Gewen 8: y = Foor aaa aa. Mra = [-3, 3]. aug 5.14 y= ane wavs, xe (<3) axel Feels Grd 42 sanx fl Grad des AA wad d : oe | Fl] F olgl 1] 4% 0 [os7| 1 [a7Bdwiida Red Aline yeh aA aided y tan RU YaL auadt BRL 3 wr ad ye suacbuct 8, al, suUa were y= tans wide me Gouda aie Oi a8 ur ous a augla 5.164 evan pom m dowd vidareeal yiaialde aa. aug 5.16 mud wae Ad) Mord ereud ad ase d () y= awd mda Xan Ae gai ay Bigad Fa 2, tm, 12m, 430,91 & 8, (2) y= tan xh mud X2A8A te, 427, 3m, Hi BEB. a VE 4A HES RAL ged om (er | ke Z) 8. (3) tan RAYA Rea R Od. (4) AS wer azVved Bal Baa a2 da aude Guedl ave wa O. adll y= canx RY eds aE aig RUB. (5) md n douden riarari yatta 8. tan Bud yu suadut x B. ©) tm Riad maa (EF), (FAB), wala wed Ware118 la y= ctan acd mar (a> 0) Werk ADU y = Zam x AL BALA, HUA EG HA LAM BU XA BE BA OU GieadA ord aaUadA od ously, 24 HR auradut ZB, WWW y = ran eA Rete RB, ally ~ctanar A Rete VAR aa. y 4 ' i 2agh 5.17 Gewsea 9 : y= 31am 2x, xe (- A) a waa ad. Gla a=%e=3 wea suaddid ZA Raa RO. Gere 10: y = and, xe (—m, ned edu wil Garanten4 yes auaddt 2m 2A Rete R 8.AdeRde Rd Afr yet A wed 119 atu 5.2. 1. y= 2sinkd way wl 0S x < 6m y= 2sin3eit mau wl Osx < 3 cos$eit mud wl. 0 Sx 40 5.7 ams wre You HA Ai ARAL Bia Hye MUN HRB A, CRs QUA soma HUG AOL TLD aA AAA OK 180 ria 3 OM m Rad add] adds au S. vor Wa Breda RADA (0, 2) viet 42 alla ll BAL, BUNA BERRA R wR eusua sal 3 Aad wd auud youl ydtuen yer AS wer youd we Oe 180 adel audles amu BAA Beat youd HM RAS wa anae Aen ad W Adl La ygua aunts 4d Si) sud Aneel ASA. Beer WRovterdl aisceete Gador fl auWh aL al Rie sly. Wl Una Auer siz Rye Reud WRored et Baud WRoRL wall, ox we aS FeQ a 0a wa | ue Bee Bast, OQ Al wiih RAR oan OK Leute uae sea, ageuarsi OO = ~ aA. 0d acl wis HAR OA uBooe sl OPAL FAA wea 2B. aH, SQ wBoveed ZAOP aad. @ OQ Roe 4B ad OQ = OA 0G VHS Vo# aus uae Yd ealad. A Wom + de ad OG aa OA aul B sa Od Ruan sal Ged Ruri AML wRowe ug sl A aomell 62 au eu Ru Od BA wea A a TAU GA 3 1809 ous rat YB oad, R0 0 dH, AO = 360" + o al ust, wHi n= aughi 521 ls) nE NMOS OF < 360, & UNS risUNA Ye WA OO a n wa wRavie sal 0 ores semurvauan gud Hota OHe cal AR RA G2, sel OQ A OPH BAR NeeR Rat wdal aa UBorie 22 Ad eeu n ald B. n> 0B mA wRorra au sind Rye Ruri &. Gesam 11 6 = 760 M2 44 aus vires 6 dH aad pit calla. has [85] = [2] = 2 aA 760 = 360 - 2+ 40 a=40 eum gael Re Beni 0. at ad ysl waa wi Chea Grea whacerd O 4A, del mZAOP = 40. ZAOP % 760 aus riesunael yp ot, 8 W36.<0.A-180<8<0,d Ad alan avfaetd a ada we P xd 2 ae mZAOP =| 0 |= 8 sea 80 <-0 < 180. OQ wR sia Bari woo sl A usin ofl UR wa Ret OF 1 RUA wR 2 A, ZAOPA aus rien Baud ugh 62 B, srt, B= 60 ad AA AR oafaerl SoH ada a PAG wail 3H mZAOP = 60, 4, 0 aun sal Ravi wove Hl OF BR turat 2, dl ZAOP ans viru —60 eel ysl oA.RaeRda Bd Ble ye, A360 < 8 < -180, a0 < 360 + 8 < 180. Pa Adal Gu atiaari ad. Bel mZAOP = (360 + 6), 1, OQ ahaa siattl Ruri wera sl Qe ada we OP BWR tural & 3 Fell mZAOP = (360 + 8). ZAOP aus aie 6 awh yal or. A O=-210, al 360 + O= 150. ugh S.24Hi culo wud 210 owas runic ye ZAOP HA, wad 2O 0, y > 0) dla awa = (PG, ») |x <0,» > 0} gay AL = (PE 9) [2 <0, ¥ <0} ag az = (PG y) |x > 0, y <0}126 ila mil 6. Wider Riga PCL, 2), QL, 4), RZ, 0) ar SG, -2)4 Frauer ead &. AS va Big wed Aat wed PRIA yer A Yeauall A owed Fadia yet 2 Xanaiell aaa eal B. Big PCL, 2) A ort ut Rael Re iad ae Xa at Reull 2 as died aud 8. uig QC1, 4) ver Yatatdl Ret died BWA AD 4 wet Dave 4 Bur ofl aaevii 8. mal Guaie Bua Beals a ver ated 904. i aught 6.1 (1) %iaz Ya (Distance formula) : A(x, y,) HA B(xy yp) A waa weal Giged 8. Ad B yd ine dA, B) 3 AB cxf d A AR AB= Gjom toy —? @ Anaad ud d. Gerwe ald A(9, 8) HA BE, 4) aq diaz AB= (9-6) +(8—4y = YP +4 = VB =5 (2) Rout YA Division formula) : AGH, yy) AA BEE, y2) A adel walai Bigad B. PG, ») A AB ue eda ABY A cred 2 qeiaani Rows seq Big B. KE R= (0,-1) * Po = (Sa A) Getsaet adh, A(2, 3) MA BE, 8) A xy Winer’ audai Giga . AB 4A arse 3:2 qelweri Rous seat Big ar, tne my tnyy _ (396+2-2 382203 (SRS MAEM) 6 OSE, HEED)wed 127 3) Rise Helbig (Midpoint of a Line-segment) : Tis] wig A Bai sieaBiga ag, yp HA Bory yl asia aid wa dw B a ABW da Ba ABd msn =1:1 yeineti Bours 32 8. TB vt MealBiget = (aS Se ee | = (7, apy Gp ype Gy 92) WA Oy yy) DABIgrha Prslerd Aas, Zl 102 — 95) + 225 — 91) + 250) — 9) | o Gua lh, AG, 2), BOL, 8) HA CCR, 12) A Balen HARIgsL B. AABCS Gaga = 4/308 — 12) + 11012 - 2) + 82 — 8] =F] 5-4) + 11010) + 8(-6)| =F) -12 + 10-48} = | 50) =25 ow vii] Bisigd Argan lai ut chu B.A Gus (je yeu grt ala, dl Fdigl asd tal ae Bigel waa aus, at uscd oud camer a ara sla, uceoyfaleell aed aa anagle Pou area sat 2 Rowrd at yee atacad, 3. 6.3 Aabigg ssid (Shifting of Origin) Mud ol SL 3 unc aoidena’ cs Bier FMLA ax dy 8, apcaeeal uels Bilge oe sal ae Garage aaiet we aula HAL wadand devel hs Ws aL ou Peel Beligh Arkig 42 B wt da O at ela 8, a AA As 2H Xai dau ole dua Yous 4h wa 2 PA uaa XOVY AG Big B. Pot WH Ge ») 8. Wd 20 GAL ara Bie A Big 3. PO ° * OX #2 OF e awnd FF wa FF wie a 0 & | OF. 4 = ail, OX ol eu = GFK al a a GFL Gea = OFA Rau, WL 3 ta ee GO aL Gr A aa Po a G9)Poy) OH Oe- hy = 8 x mug 6.2 ad 2 qu ted Ox, OYA we Qa wey HS. 8 OP = f(x-Ayt+(y- be? 0Q = Yx-hy? +(y-&P 0, OP = 0Q av Woo =PQ= frre PO. del 0, OF PHA Q WAY B rad BHidwUY Aqleti MABig d. wad 3 mZPOX = o @ 0. 2 Rouwar riaReuws 52 3. @ APAB waa ABP APA ARYA dred A= AP qelnei Rous 42. an Rous o@Mouss 48 3. al A <0. wun ot w Aseuui 2 © R— {0, -1}. Big PA AB {AA £0 HAA #1 gana A ard Rowse 2 a, () WAP-B, AAD OL iden) Q) A P-A-B, a -1< A <0. aR Reur) @) RABP AA <-1. eilaouwy (ni -1 < A <0 at G) 4i A < =I wie 42!) (Acuve Bigat a (Coordinates of the Point of Division) : AG), 91) WA Bry 95) As v aaa Wai Bigal 8, sd AB 4A aveel A A> 0) yenrri aiaouwe srt Bign uM Anda. wd 3 PG, y) RAB 4A ave A= AP gained Bouvet 2 8. y , Ben yd AGey Yi) OlK G0) Pe) BGO) o w@ aug 63130 le A AB Grddo ou de dA, P Baxi XaHe Wel dome wysd A’, PY BI a sag 63¢ai aavan wud AR y Ry HB ae Xa wd AB Ve GBH B, a BA xan da dy, Axx =m ad BH peat Ret ** : Imutn wu, a Rueai x A pul A> 0. A AB WABI A DA a a Ad s 4 A,P.B wel You we do dd y= BAA Qa ata, a antiey da due y = BE aad see Ah B Alay, yp, Bry 99) Ma Beall da dou PA AB LA cere A sees > 0) aarRowres al p (AEE, ARAN), / a . mul ag WB, Absy 9p BOky 99) 2 P(ABES, BAAD) 9 So aude Biged 2. avd 62 A-P-B a AP = 2 aula slg, a _ (eta. Py (mtn, 38, AP? -( pas) + en _ (dandy, (im-an? es) J+ Red _ Be-m? | Bon -yF “aan + aan? a = Te Im - P+ - PI = (LY ape Rai) ABwei 1 AP= [47 “AB A>oOwA+1>0) aw ai po [pbj saps chy sap 2 Ap. Zt AB ll A AB Rint Biged B. aul AB # 0) rem AP. pg oh aul, AP + PB = APB + PB =(A+1)PB =(h+) 7 AB = AB AP + PB = AB A-P=B ae APB HA AP = 2, / ofS, BAD) a a> 0, wale de cy, aE Sl UA 3, APD wa AE =. CAP ATE {A> oqeinenl Rois Rap MEA, AD 21) vA ane Gag BL) A> od Pa AB Aaluanl via Rous 88. wa R= A court seat Bigit wa (Coordinates of the Point Divi gment Externally) AGy, 1) *A Bx ») A aracti auai Giged d. eww AB ¢ A aveel A(A-< 0) gener AfaRourd seat Bgl Wt Aaa, WL PR ABA A areell A sda aor 2 8 AGO) BEE, O) 0 aay 64 wo Be 0) Phe, 0)132 ale dia Roursee M2 wd wus F wUa #f A wud Rai vet AR | BB BE: AB oA Xai A dell BRswd 3. ASD - 228-0 Hi ia B) $5 = n Qa#-) RA xawd do dU da = Mies dy ty +1 aay aia ol a, J wincoaen ( 4 aa ag WIA O, AEH, AGG 9) Bey 99) #2 o(BEE, ABAD) Q wdai Bid B. sand AE = A aay P-A-B sina A-B-P auliia sale, vice M2 eal bel Aw EAE see, ap= [2a] apace = | o| -a8 A=1OMLAL=—A AP= AB 44 PB = 74) ‘AB @ ap 2a | aa gp A} ( wad, AP + PB = Ay AB + 7h AB = AB AP + AB = PB P-A-B Ah<-1dr+1<0 JA+ 1] =-A+ 1apal=—a