The Secret to a Healthy Body

The secret to a healthy body is simple and actually not too difficult, but all the same it
does take daily discipline. In addition, it doesnt need to cost you a lot of money. There
are five areas of focus that will keep your body in shape, healthy, flexible, and strong.
This article will outline the 5 areas to work on and will include a sample weekly workout
regimen that you can start using today.
1. Aerobic Exercise. The simplest way to meet this need is walking. Walking is the one of
the best exercises for your body. The wear and tear on your joints is lower than jogging.
Be sure to start off slower to warm up and increase speed slowly after about 3-5
minutes. To increase the intensity, simply lengthen your stride a bit and speed up your
pace. The other strategy for increasing intensity is to increase your speed for short bursts
of time. (If you prefer, jogging is also good if it doesnt bother your knees. Just know that
walking is just as good if you go fast enough. No big investment needed. All you need is
your sneakers and maybe not even that if you walk on the beach. 30 minutes per day
every day has been shown to be the optimal amount of exercise. If you dont have
time all at once, the same benefits are derived even if you break it up into 3 X 10
minute or 2 X 15 minute sessions.

2. Stretching. An important age marker is your level of flexibility. Yoga is a terrific way to
keep your body flexible. If you dont have time for a full yoga session, try to make sure
you do 5 minutes of stretching each day after your aerobic exercise. To ensure you get
most areas of your body, try a sun salutation, some seated twists, and a hip opener.
3. Balancing. Balance, along with flexibility, is something that we lose with age. Practice
this a little bit every day and youll be less likely to lose it. Yoga, again, is another great
way to build and maintain balance. There are several yoga poses you could use to
increase balance. Try one each day. A simple one you can do is to stand on one leg
and grab the foot of the other leg to stretch the hamstring in the front of the thigh. As
you build your balance over time try to touch your toes with your other hand while
maintaining balance. It is helpful to keep your eyes focused on one point. Do this for 15-
60 seconds on each leg.
4. Strength Building. You can certainly join a gym and lift weights. But another less
expensive option, which is just as good, is simply using the weight of your own body for
resistance. The easiest way to do this is to do an hour of yoga a few times per week. A
yoga class is great, but to save money, I recommend buying a few different yoga tapes
and rotate them. Check out tapes from your local library first to see if you like them
before buying, or go to Amazon and check out the reviews to find ones that are highly
rated. If you dont want to do yoga, you can do pilates or try the free online workout
regimen prescribed by Dr. Roizen and Dr. Oz of YOU: The Owners Manual.
5. Deep Breathing. This is very important and heres why. Your lymph system relies on the
contraction of muscles and breathing to move the fluids of the lymph system around
the body. Why is this so important? The lymph system has three interrelated functions:
(1) removal of excess fluids from body tissues, (2) absorption of fatty acids and
subsequent transport of fat, as chyle, to the circulatory system and, (3) production of
immune cells. So, how do you get your daily dose? Aerobic exercise, yoga, and/or try
The Deep Breathing Exercise 2-3 times per day.
Dalton's model of the atom
John Dalton proposed that all matter is composed of very small things which he
called atoms. This was not a completely new concept as the ancient Greeks
(notably Democritus) had proposed that all matter is composed of small,
indivisible (cannot be divided) objects. When Dalton proposed his model
electrons and the nucleus were unknown.

Thomson's model of the atom

After the electron was discovered by J.J. Thomson in 1897, people realized that
atoms were made up of even smaller particles than they had previously
thought. However, the atomic nucleus had not been discovered yet and so the
plum pudding model was put forward in 1904. In this model, the atom is made
up of negative electrons that float in a soup of positive charge, much like
plums in a pudding or raisins in a fruit cake (Figure 2). In 1906, Thomson was
awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in this field. However, even with the Plum
Pudding Model, there was still no understanding of how these electrons in the
atom were arranged.

The discovery of radiation was the next step along the path to building an
accurate picture of atomic structure. In the early twentieth century, Marie and
Pierre Curie, discovered that some elements (the radioactive elements) emit
particles, which are able to pass through matter in a similar way to Xrays (read
more about this in Grade 11). It was Ernest Rutherford who, in 1911, used this
discovery to revise the model of the atom.
Rutherford's model of the atom
Rutherford carried out some experiments which led to a change in ideas around
the atom. His new model described the atom as a tiny, dense, positively
charged core called a nucleus surrounded by lighter, negatively charged
electrons. Another way of thinking about this model was that the atom was seen
to be like a mini solar system where the electrons orbit the nucleus like planets
orbiting around the sun. A simplified picture of this is shown alongside. This model
is sometimes known as the planetary model of the atom.

Bohr's model of the atom

There were, however, some problems with Rutherford's model: for example it
could not explain the very interesting observation that atoms only emit light at
certain wavelengths or frequencies. Niels Bohr solved this problem by proposing
that the electrons could only orbit the nucleus in certain special orbits at
different energy levels around the nucleus.

James Chadwick
Rutherford predicted (in 1920) that another kind of particle must be present in
the nucleus along with the proton. He predicted this because if there were only
positively charged protons in the nucleus, then it should break into bits because
of the repulsive forces between the like-charged protons! To make sure that the
atom stays electrically neutral, this particle would have to be neutral itself. In
1932 James Chadwick discovered the neutron and measured its mass.
I. Definition of terms
1. Subject refers to the doer of the action or to what (or whom) the
sentence is all about. It can either be a person, a place, a thing, or
an idea, and can come in the form of a noun or a pronoun.
II. Examples
1. Tommy
2. They
3. School
4. Pasta
5. You
III. Illustration
1. During the exam, Tommy slept in his chair.

I. Definition of terms
1. The predicate is the part of a sentence (or clause) which tells us
what the subject does or is. To put it another way, the predicate is
everything that is not the subject.
II. Examples
1. Is
2. Stole
3. Lives
4. Contained
5. Are
III. Illustration
1. They are experienced instructors, who acquired their experience in
France.

I. Definition of Terms
1. A simple subject is a single noun or pronoun connected to a verb.
Normally, the simple subject of a sentence will come before the
verb
II. Examples
1. Players
2. She
3. People
4. Planes
5. Dogs
III. Illustration
1. Baseball players exercise often.

I. Definition of terms
1. The simple predicate is the main verb in the predicate that tells
what the subject does.
II. Examples
1. Slept
2. Landed
3. Spun
4. Bake
5. Opened up
III. Illustration
1. The tiny ladybug landed on my arm.

I. Definition of terms
1. A compound subject is a subject made up of two or more simple
subjects that are joined by a coordinating conjunction (such
as and or or) and that have the same predicate.
II. Examples
1. Dolphins and elephants
2. Eating, sleeping and reading
3. Both men and women
4. Chocolate and strawberry
5. Furniture and paper
III. Illustration
1. Both men and women can enjoy yoga.

I. Definition of Terms
1. A compound predicate is two or more verbs or verb phrases that
share the same subject and are joined by a conjunction.

II. Examples
1. flew overhead and landed in the water
2. tried to grab his trapeze but missed.
3. walked or biked to school every day.
4. look pretty and taste great.
5. fell off the table and smashed on the floor.
III. Illustration
1. The glass fell off the table and smashed on the floor.

I. Definition of Terms
1. The sentence is traditionally (and inadequately) defined as a word
or group of words that expresses a complete idea and that includes
a subject and a verb.
II. Examples
1. People need food.
2. How are you?
3. Look out!
4. Smoke rises.
5. Wait a minute.
III. Illustration
1. People need food.

I. Definition of Terms
1. Simple sentence is made up of one independent clause and the
subject or verb or other parts may be compound.
II. Examples
1. Joe waited for the train.
2. The train was late.
3. Mary and Samantha took the bus.
4. I looked for Mary and Samantha at the bus station.
5. Mary and Samantha arrived at the bus station early but waited until
noon for the bus.
III. Illustration
1. Mary and Samantha arrived at the bus station early but waited until
noon for the bus.

I. Definition of Terms
1. A compound sentence refers to a sentence made up of two
independent clauses (or complete sentences) connected to one
another with a coordinating conjunction. Coordinating
conjunctions are easy to remember if you think of the words "FAN
BOYS":
II. Examples
1. Joe waited for the train, but the train was late.
2. I looked for Mary and Samantha at the bus station, but they arrived
at the station before noon and left on the bus before I arrived.
3. Mary and Samantha arrived at the bus station before
noon, and they left on the bus before I arrived.

4. Mary and Samantha left on the bus before I arrived, so I did not see
them at the bus station.
5. John ran to the store and he bought five lottery tickets.
III. Illustrations
1. Mary and Samantha left on the bus before I arrived, so I did not see
them at the bus station.

I. Definition of Terms
1. A complex sentence is made up of an independent clause and
one or more dependent clauses connected to it. A dependent
clause is similar to an independent clause, or complete sentence,
but it lacks one of the elements that would make it a complete
sentence.
II. Examples
1. Because Mary and Samantha arrived at the bus station before
noon, I did not see them at the station.

2. While he waited at the train station, Joe realized that the train was
late.
3. After they left on the bus, Mary and Samantha realized that Joe
was waiting at the train station.
4. I did not see them at the station because Mary and Samantha
arrived at the bus station before noon.
5. Mary and Samantha realized that Joe was waiting at the train
station after they left on the bus.
III. Illustration
1. While he waited at the train station, Joe realized that the train was
late.
I. Definition of Terms
1. A compound complex sentence is made up of more than one
sentence joined by a conjunction, and at least one of those
sentence is complex. In other words, it is a compound sentence
with a dependent, or subordinate clause.
II. Examples

1. When I grow up, I want to be a ballerina, and my mom is proud of

me.
2. I will get to watch television, but first, I have to clean up the
dishes after we finish eating.
3. We won the game, but my uniform was muddy because it rained
the entire time.
4. After our trip to the beach, school started back, and I was excited
to see my friends.
5. Sarah cried when her cat got sick, but he soon got better.
III. Illustration
1. Sarah cried when her cat got sick, but he soon got better.

I. Definition of Terms
1. A dependent clause is a group of words that also contains a
subject and a verb, but it is not a complete thought. Because
it is not a complete thought, a dependent clause cannot
stand on its own as a sentence; it is dependent on being
attached to an independent clause to form a sentence.
II. Examples
1. Because I forgot my homework.
2. that your wife sold me last week
3. until his fingers bled.
4. Whoever turned the ovens off
5. who went to court on Saturday?
III. Illustration
1. Do you know the butcher who went to court on Saturday?
I. Definition of Terms
1. An independent clause is a group of words that can stand
on its own as a sentence: it has a subject, a verb, and is a
complete thought.
II. Examples
1. Mom took the car to get fixed.
2. Gabriel is playing with toys in his room.
3. I will wait to buy a car until I have saved more money.
4. When Angela visits, we will surprise her with a birthday party.
5. Nate will be late for the concert because he cant get a ride right
away.
III. Illustration
1. Nate will be late for the concert because he cant get a ride right
away.