1.

(2 + ) + (2 + ) = 0
(2+ ) (2+ )

=

=
1=1 La ecuacin es Exacta


= 2 +
= 2 +

(, ) = 2 + + ()

= + () = 2 + () = 2 () = 2

(, ) = 2 + + 2

2. ( + 3) + ( + 2) = 0
(+3) (+ 2)

=

=
32 La ecuacin no es Exacta

3. 1 + ( + 3 2 ) = 0
( 1 ) (+ 3 2 ) 1

=

=
1 = La ecuacin es Exacta

= 1 = + 3 2

(, ) = + ()

= + () = + 3 2 () = 3 2 () = 3

(, ) = + 3

4. (1 + 2 ) + (2 + 4) = 0
(1+ 2 ) (2+ 4)

=

=
2 = 2 La ecuacin es Exacta


= 1 + 2
= 2 + 4

(, ) = + 2 + ()

= 2 + () = 2 + 4 () = 4 () = 2 2

(, ) = + 2 + 2 2

5. (1 + 2 ) + (3 + 4) = 0
(1+ 2 ) (3+ 4)

=

=
2 3 La ecuacin no es Exacta

6. (3 2 + 2 + 3 ) + ( 2 + 3 2 + cos ) = 0, (0) = 0
(3 2 +2+ 3 ) ( 2 + 3 2 +cos )

=

=
2 + 3 2 = 2 + 3 2 La ecuacin es Exacta


= 3 2 + 2 + 3
= 2 + 3 2 + cos

(, ) = 3 + 2 + 3 + ()

= 2 + 3 2 + () = 2 + 3 2 + cos () = cos () =

(, ) = 3 + 2 + 3 +

2 2
7. (2 3 + 2 ) + ( + 2) = 0
2 2
(2 3 +2 ) ( + 2) 2 2

=

=
2 = 2 La ecuacin es Exacta
2 2

= 2 3 + 2
= + 2
2
(, ) = 2 + + ()
2 2
= + () = + 2 () = 2 () = 2

2
(, ) = 2 + + 2
8. (2 + 1) + ( 2 + 1) = 0
(2+1) ( 2 + 1)

=

=
2 = 2 La ecuacin es Exacta


= 2 + 1
= 2 + 1

(, ) = 2 + + ()

= 2 + () = 2 + 1 () = 1 () =

(, ) = 2 + +

9. (2 + + 2 2 ) + ( + 22 + 3 2 ) = 0
(2++22 ) (+22 + 32 )

=

=
1 + 4 = 1 + 4 La ecuacin es Exacta


= 2 + + 2 2
= + 22 + 3 2

(, ) = 2 + + 2 2 + ()

= + 22 + () = + 22 + 3 2 () = 3 2 () = 3

(, ) = 2 + + 2 2 + 3

10. (2 + 5 3 sen ) + (5 4 3 sen + 3 5 3 sen + 5 3 cos + 2) = 0, (0) = 2

(2 + 5 3 sen ) (5 4 3 sen + 3 5 3 sen + 5 3 cos + 2)
= =

5 4 3 sen + 3 5 3 sen + 5 3 cos = 5 4 3 sen + 3 5 3 sen + 5 3 cos La ecuacin es Exacta


= 2 + 5 3 sen
= 5 4 3 sen + 3 5 3 sen + 5 3 cos + 2

(, ) = 2 + 5 3 sen + ()

= 5 4 3 sen + 3 5 3 sen + 5 3 cos + () = 5 4 3 sen + 3 5 3 sen + 5 3 cos + 2 () = 2 () = 2

(, ) = 2 + 5 3 sen + 2

11. + ( + ) = 0
() (+ )
= = 01 La ecuacin no es Exacta

12. 1 + 1 = 0
( 1 ) ( 1 )

=

=
0=0 La ecuacin es Exacta


= 1
= 1

(, ) = ln + ()

= 0 + () = 1 () = 1 () = ln

(, ) = ln + ln

13. (2 + 3 2 2 ) + (2 3 5 4 ) = 0
(2+ 3 2 2 ) (2 3 5 4 )

=

=
62 = 62 La ecuacin es Exacta


= 2 + 3 2 2
= 2 3 5 4

(, ) = 2 + 3 2 + ()

= 2 3 + () = 2 3 5 4 () = 5 4 () = 5

(, ) = 2 + 3 2 5

14. ( + ) + ( + 2) = 0
( + ) ( + 2)

=

=
cos = cos La ecuacin es Exacta


= +
= + 2

(, ) = + + ()

= + () = + 2 () = 2 () = 2

 (, ) = + + 2

15. (2 + 2 ) + ( 2 + 3 2 ) = 0
(2 + 2 ) ( 2 +32 )

=

=
2 + 2 = 2 + 2 La ecuacin es Exacta


= 2 + 2
= 2 + 3 2

(, ) = 2 + ()

= 2 + () = 2 + 3 2 () = 3 2 () = 3

(, ) = 2 + 3

1 1
16. (+)2 +1
+ [1 + (+)2 +1] = 0
1 1
((+)2 ) [1+(+)2 ] 2(+) 2(+)
+1 +1

=

=
((+)2 +1)2 = ((+)2 +1)2 La ecuacin es Exacta
1 1

= (+)2 +1
= [1 + (+)2 +1]

(, ) = ( + ) + ()
1 1
= 2
+ () = 1 + () = 1 () =
( + ) + 1 ( + )2 + 1
(, ) = ( + ) +

1 1
17. +
+ [+ + 3 2 ] = 0
1 1
(+) [++32 ] 1 1

=

=
(+)2 = (+)2 La ecuacin es Exacta
1 1
= = + 3 2
+ +

(, ) = ln( + ) + ()
1 1
= + () = + 3 2 () = 3 2 () = 3
+ +
(, ) = ln( + ) + 3

2 2
18. [3 2 + ( 2 +2+1)2 ] + [(2 +2 +1)2 4] = 0

2 2
[3 2 + 2] [ 2 4]
(2 +2 +1) (2 +2 +1) 8 8
= = ( 2 = ( 2 La ecuacin es Exacta
+ 2 +1)3 + 2 +1)3
2 2

= 3 2 + ( 2 +2 +1)2
= (2 +2 +1)2 4

1
(, ) = 3 + ()
2 + 2 + 1
2 2
= 2 2 2
+ () = 2 4 () = 4 () = 2 2
( + + 1) ( + 2 + 1)2
1
(, ) = 3 2 2
2 + 2 + 1

19. ( + ) + [( + ) 2( 2 )] = 0
[(+)] [(+)2( 2 )]

=

=
( + ) = ( + ) La ecuacin es Exacta


= ( + )
= ( + ) 2( 2 )

(, ) = ( + ) + ()

= ( + ) + () = ( + ) 2( 2 ) () = 2( 2 ) () = ( 2 )

(, ) = ( + ) + ( 2 )

+2
20. +
+ [( + ) + +] = 0
+2
( + ) [(+)++] 1

=

=
(+)2 = (+) (+)2 (+)2 = (+)2 La ecuacin es Exacta
+2

= +
= 1 + +
= ( + ) + +
 (, ) = + ln( + ) + ()

= ln( + ) + + () = ln( + ) + () = 0 () =
+ +
(, ) = + ln( + ) +

21. Suponga que una ecuacin diferencial se puede resolver por separacin de variables de manera que

= ()()

Esta ecuacin es equivalente a
1
() = 0
()

Demuestre que [1()] () = 0 es una ecuacin diferencial exacta y compare la solucin obtenida por separacin de variables

con la que se obtiene con eI mtodo para ecuaciones exactas.

Las ecuaciones diferenciales en los ejercicios 19 al 21, requieren fracciones parciales.
19. = ( )

= ( ) = =
( ) ( )

( ) = + ( ) = + ( )=+


= +

20. = ( )

= ( )
= =
( ) ( )
2 1 2 1
( + 2 + ) = + ( 1) = +
1 ( 1)2

( 1) =+

21. = ( )( )

= ( )( )
= =
( )( ) ( )( )
1 1 1
( + ) = + ( ) ( 2) =+
2 ( 2)2
( )
[ ] =+
( 2)
En los ejercicios 22 al 28, se escribe una ecuacin diferencial de primer orden en trminos de una forma
diferencial. Resuelva la ecuacin diferencial.
22. + =

= = =


= = +

23. ( + ) + ( + ) =

24. + =

=
= =


= = +

25. ( ) + ( ) =

=
= =


= = +

26. ( + ) + ( + ) =

( + ) = ( + ) = =
(+ )
( + ) ( + ) ( + )
+
= ( + ) ( )= (( + ) + )
( + )
( + )


+
((+) + )] ( + )
= [ =[ ] +

27. + + =

= + =
= =


= = = = +

28. + =

=
= =

= + +

29. Demuestre que si se hace la sustitucin = + + , entonces la ecuacin diferencial

= ( + + )

Cambia a una ecuacin diferencial en z y x que se puede resolver por separacin de variables.
( + + )
= () = + by + = = +( ) = + () = + ()


=
+ ()

En los ejercicios 30 al 34, resuelva la ecuacin diferencial usando el ejercicio 29.

30. = ( + )2

=+ = ()2

( + )
= =1+ = 1 + 2 =
1 + 2

= () = + = tan( + ) + = tan( + ) = tan( + )
1 + 2

31. = ( + 4 1)2

= + 4 1 =

( + 4 1 )
= =1+4 = 1 + 4 =
1 + 4
1
= (1 + 4) = + 1 (1 + 4) = 4 + 2 1 + 4 = 4+2 [1 + 4( + 4 1)] = 4
1 + 4 4

1 3
4 + 16 3 = 4 = 4 +
4 16

32. = ( + + 1) + 1

= + + 1 = tan + 1

( = + + 1 )
= = 1 + = 1 + tan + 1 =
tan

cot = ( ) = + = + = 1

+ + 1 = 1 = + 1 1

33. = + ( + )1 1

=+ = 1 1

 ( + )
= =1+ = 1 + 1 1 1 =

= = + ` ( + 1) = + ( + + 1) (+) = +

( + + 1) (+) = +

++2
34. = ++1

+1
=++1 =

( + + 1 ) +1
= = 1+ =1+ =
2 + 1
1
= [2 + 1 + ln(2 + 1)] = + 2 + 1 + ln(2 + 1) = 4 + 4
2 + 1 4

2( + + 1 ) + 1 + [(2 + + 1 ) + 1] = 4 +

2 + 2 + 3 + ln(2 + 2 + 3) = 4 +