MODEL TEST PAPER 2
PART-I: GENERAL ENGLISH
Instructions: Each of the passages given below is followed by questions. Choose the best answer for each question.
PASSAGE 1
There are seemingly endless variety of laws,
restrictions, customs and traditions that affect the practice
of abortion around the world. Globally, abortion is
probably the single most controversial issue in the whole
area of womens rights and family matters. It is an issue
that inflames womens right groups, religious institutions
and the self-proclaimed guardians of public morality.
The growing worldwide belief is that the right to control
ones fertility is a basic human right. This has resulted in a
worldwide trend towards liberalization of abortion laws.
Forty percent of the worlds population lives in countries
where induced abortion is permitted on request. An
additional 25 percent live in countries where it is allowed
if the womens life would be endangered if she went to
frill term with her pregnancy. The estimate is that between
26 and 31 million legal abortions were performed in 1987.
However, there were also between 10 and 22 million
illegal abortions performed in that year.
Feminists have viewed the patriarchal control of
womens bodies as one of the prime issues facing the
contemporary womens movement. They observe that the
definition and control ofwomens reproductive freedom
have always been the province of men. Patriarchal
religion, as manifest in Islamic fundamentalism,
traditionalist Hindu practice, OrthodoxJudaism, and
Roman Catholicism, has been an important historical
contributory factor for this and continues to be an
important presence in contemporary societies. In recent
times, governments, usually controlledby men, have
given women the right to contraceptive use and abortion
access when their countries were perceived to have an
overpopulation problem. When these countries are
perceived to be under populated, that right has been
absent. Until the nineteenth century, a womans rights to
an abortion followed English common law; it could only
be legally challenged if there was a quickening, when the
first movements of the foetus could be felt. In 1800, drugs
to induce abortions were widely advertised in local
newspapers. By 1900, abortion was banned in every state
except to save the life of the mother. The change was
strongly influenced by the medical profession, which
focussed its campaign ostensibly on health and safety
issues for pregnant women and the sanctity of life. Its
position was also a means of control of non-licensed
medical practitioners such as midwives and women
healers who practiced abortion.
The anti-abortion campaign was also influenced by
political considerations. The large influx of eastern and
southern European immigrants with their large families
was seen as threat to the population balance of the future
United States. Middle and Upper class Protestants were
advocates of abortion as a form of birth control. By
supporting abortion prohibitions the hope was that these
Americans would have more children and thus prevent the
tide of immigrant babies from overwhelming the
demographic characteristics of Protestant America.
The anti-abortion legislative position remained in
effect in the United States through the first sixty-five years
of the twentieth century. In the early 1 960s.even when it
was widely known that the drug thalidomide taken during
pregnancy to alleviate anxiety was shown to contribute to
the formation of deformed flipper-like hands or legs of
children, abortion was illegal in the United States. A
second health tragedy was the severe outbreak of rubella
duringthe same time period, which also resulted in major
birth defects. These tragedies combined with a change of
attitude towards a womans right to privacy led a number
of states to pass abortion-permitting legislation.
On one side of the controversy are those who call
themselves pro-life. They view the foetus as a human life
rather than as an unformed complex of cells; therefore
they hold to the belief that abortion is essentially murder
of an unborn child. These groups cite both legal and
religious reasons for their opposition to abortion. Pro-lifers
point to the rise in legalized abortion figures and see this
as morally intolerable. On the other side of the issue are
those who call themselves pro-choice. They believe that
women, not legislators or judges, should have the right to
decide whether and under what circumstances they will
bear children. Pro-choicers are of the opinion that laws
will not prevent women from having abortions and cite the
horror stories of the past when many women died at the
hands of backroom abortionists and in desperate attempts
to self abort. They also observe that legalized abortion is
especially important for rape victims and incest victims
who became pregnant. They stress physical and mental
health reasons why women should not have unwanted
children.
To get a better understanding of the current abortion
controversy, let us examine a very important work by
Kristin Luker titled Abortion and the Politics
ofMotherhood. Luker argues that female pro-choice and
pro-life activists hold different world views regarding
gender, sex, and the meaning of parenthood. Moral
positions on abortions are seen to be tied intimately to
views on sexual behaviour, the care of children, family
life, technology, and the importance of the individual.
Luker identifies pro-choice women as educated, affluent,
and liberal. Their contrasting counterparts, pro-life
women, support traditional concepts of women as wives
and mothers. It would be instructive to sketch out the
differences in the world views of these two sets of women.
Luker examines California, with its liberalized abortion
law, as a case history. Public documents and newspaper
accounts over a twenty-year period were analysed and
over 200 interviews were held with both pro-life and pro-
choice activists.
Luker found that pro-life and pro-choice activists
have intrinsically different views with respect to gender.
Pro-lifewomen have a notion of public and private life.
The proper place for men is in the public sphere ofwork;
for women, it is the private sphere of the home. Men
benefit through the nurturance of women; women benefit
through the protection of men. Children are seen to be the
ultimate beneficiaries of this arrangement by having the
mother as a full-time loving parent and by having clear
role models. Pro-choice advocates reject the view of
separate spheres. They object to the notion of the home
being the womens sphere. Womens reproductive and
family roles are seen as potential barriers to full equality.
Motherhood is seen as a voluntary, not a mandatory or
natural role.
In summarizing her findings, Luker believes that
women become activists in either of the two movements as
the end result of lives that center around different
conceptualizations of motherhood. Their beliefs and
values are rooted to the concrete circumstances of their
lives, their educations, incomes, occupations, and the
different marital and family choices that they have made.
They represent two different world views of womens
roles in contemporary society and as such the abortion
issue represents the battleground for the justification of
their respective views.
1. According to your understanding of the authors
arguments which countries are more likely to allow
abortion?
(a) India and China.
(b) Australia and Mongolia.
(c) Cannot be inferred from the passage.
(d) Both (a) and (b).
2. Which amongst these was not a reason for banning
of abortions by 1900?
(a) Medical professionals stressing the health and
safety ofwomen.
(b) Influx of eastern and southern Europe animmi
grants.
(c) Control of unlicensed medical practitioners.
(d) A tradition of matriarchal control.
3. A pro-life woman would advocate abortion if
(a) The mother of an unborn child is suicidal.
(b) Bearing a child conflicts with a womans
careerprospects.
(c) The mother becomes pregnant accidentally.
(d) None of the above.
4. Pro-choice women object to the notion of the home
being the womens sphere because they believe
(a) That the home is a joint sphere shared between
men and women.
(b) That reproduction is a matter of choice for
women.
(c) That men and women are equal.
(d) Both (b) and (c).
5. Two health tragedies affecting US society in the19
led to
(a) A change in attitude to womens right to
privacy.
(b) Retaining the anti-abortion laws with some
exceptions.
(c) Scrapping to anti-abortion laws.
(d) Strengthening of the pro-life lobby.
6. Historically, the pro-choice movement has
gotsupport from, among others
(a) Major patriarchal religions.
(b) Countries with low population density.
(c) Medical profession.
(d) None of the above.
PASSAGE 2
Management education gained new academic stature
with US Universities and greater respect from outside
during the 1960s and 1970s. Some observers attribute the
competitive superiority of US corporations to the quality
of business education. In 1978 a management professor,
Herbert. A. Simon of Canegie Mellon University won the
Nobel Prize in Economics, for his work in decision theory.
And the popularity of business education continued to
grow, since 1960, the number of master degrees awarded
annually has grown from under 5000 to over 50,000 in the
mid 1980s, and the MBA has become known as the
passport to the good life.
By the 1 980s, however, US business schools faced
critics who charged that learning had little relevance to
real business problems. Some went so far as to blame
business school business schools for the decline in US
competitiveness.
Amidst the criticisms, four distinct arguments may
be discerned. The first is that business schools must be
eitherunnecessary or deleterious because Japan does so
well without them. Underlying this argument is the idea
that management ability cannot be taught, one is either
born with it our must acquire it over years of practical
experience. A second argument is that business schools are
overly academic and theoretical. They teach quantitative
models that have little application to real world problems.
Third, they give inadequate attention to shop floor issues,
to production processes and to management resources.
Finally, it is argued that they encourage undesirable
attitudes in students, such as placing value on the short
term and bottom line targets, while neglecting longer-
term development criteria. In summary some business
executives complain that MBA.S are incapable of
handling day to day operational decisions, unable to
communicate and to motivate people, and unwilling to
accept responsibility for following through on
implementation plans. We shall analyse these criticisms,
after having reviewed experiences in other countries.
In contrast to the expansion and development of
business education in the United States and more recently
in Europe, Japanese business schools graduate no more
than two hundred MBAs each year. The Keio Business
School (KBS) was the only graduate school of
management in the entire country until the mid 1 970s and
it still boasts the only two year masters programme. The
absence of business schools in Japan would appear in
contradiction with the high priority placed upon learning
by its Confucian culture. Confucian colleges taught
administrative skills as early as 1630 and Japan
wholeheartedly accepted Western learning following the
Meiji restoration of 1868 when hundreds of students were
dispatched to universities in US, Germany, England and
France to learn the secrets of Western technology and
modernisation. Moreover, the Japanese educational system
is highly developed and intensely competitive and can be
credited for raising the literary and mathematical abilities
of the Japanese to the highest level in the world.
Until recently; Japanese corporations have not been
interested in using either local or foreign business schools
for the development of their future executives. Their in-
company training programs have sought the socialisation
of new-comers, the younger the better. The training
ishighly specific and those who receive it have neither the
capacity nor the incentive to quit. The prevailing belief
says Imai, is that management should be born out of
experience and many years of effort and not learnt from
educational institutions. A 1960 survey ofJapanese senior
executives confirmed that a majority (54%) believed that
managerial capabilities can be attained only on the job
and not in universities,
 However, this view seems to be changing that same
to be changing the same survey revealed that even as early
as 1960, 37% of senior executives felt that the universities
should teach integrated professional management. In the I
980s, a combination of increased competitive pressures
and greater multi-nationalisation of japanese business are
making it difficult for many companies to rely solely upon
internally trained managers. This has led to a rapid growth
of local business programmes and a greater use of
American MBA programmes. In 1982-83. the Japanese
comprised the largest single group of foreign students at
Wharton, where they not only learnt the latest techniques
of financial analysis, but also developed world-wide
contacts through their classmates and became
Americanised, something highly useful in future
negotiations. The Japanese then do not do without
business schools, as it sometimes contended. But the
process of selecting and orienting new graduates, even
MBAs, into corporations is radically different than in the
US. Rather than being placed in highly paying staff
positions, new Japanese recruits are assigned
responsibility for operational and even menial tasks.
Success is based upon Japans system of highly
competitive recruitment and intensive in company
management development, which in turn are grounded in
its tradition of universal and rigorous academic education,
life-long employment and strong group identification.
The harmony among these traditional elements
hasmade Japanese industry highly productive and given
corporate leadership a long-term view. It is true that this
has been achieved without much attention to university
business education, but extraordinary attention has been
devoted to the development of managerial skills, both
within the company and through participation in
programmes sponsored by the Productivity Centre and
other similar organisations.
7. The 1960s and 1970s can best be described as
aperiod
(a) When quality business education contribute to
the superiority of US corporations.
(b) When the number of MBAs rose from under
5,000 to over to 50,000.
(c) When management education gained new
academic stature and greater respect.
(d) When the MBA became more disreputable.
8. According to the passage
(a) Learning which was useful in the 1960s and
1970s became irrelevant in the 1980s.
(b) Management education faced criticisms in the
1980s.
(c) Business schools are insensitive to the needs
ofindustry.
(d) By the 1 980s business school contributed to the
decline in US competitiveness.
9. The growth in popularity ofbusiness schools among
students was most probably due to
(a) Herbert A. Simon, a management professor,
winning the Nobel Prize in economics.
(b) The gain in academic stature.
(c) The large number of MBA degrees awarded.
(d) A perception that it was a passport to goodlife.
10. A criticism that management education did not
facewas that
(a) It imparted poor quantitative skills to MBAS.
(b) It was unnecessary and deleterious.
(c) It was irrevocably irrelevant.
(d) It inculcated undesirable attitude in students.
11. US business schools faced criticism in the
1980sbecause
(a) Of the decline in Japanese competitiveness.
(b) Many critics felt that the learning had little
relevance to business problems.
(c) People realised that management ability cannot
be taught.
(d) MBAs were unwilling to accept responsibility
for implementation on the shop floor.
12. The absence of business schools in Japan
(a) Is due to the prevalent belief that management
ability can only be acquired over years
ofpractical experience.
(b) Was due to the high priority placed on learning
as opposed to doing in Confucian culture.
(c) Is hard to explain for the proponents of business
education.
(d) Contributed a great deal to their success in
international trade and business.
13. The Japanese were initially able to do without
business schools as a result of
(a) Their highly developed and intensively
competitive education system.
(b) Dispatching hundreds of students to learn the
secrets of Westem technology and
modernisation.
(c) Their highly specific in company training
programmes.
(d) Prevailing beliefs regarding educational
institutions.
14. The Japanese modified their views on management
education because of
(a) Greater exposure to US MBA programme.
(b) The need to develop world-wide contracts and
become Americanised.
(c) The outstanding success of business schools in
the US during the 1960s and 1970s.
(d) A combination of increased competitive
pressures and greater multi-nationalisation of
Japanese business.
15. Training programmes in Japanese corporations have
(a) Been based upon Confucian culture.
(b) Sought the socialisation of newcomers.
(c) Been targeted at people who have neither the
capacity nor the incentive to quit.
(d) Been teaching people do menial tasks.
16. The author argues that
(a) Japanese do not do without business schools as
is generally perceived.
(b) Japanese corporations do not hire MBAs
because of traditions of universal and rigorous
academic education, life-long employment and
strong group identification.
(c) Placing MBAs in operational and menial tasks is
a major factor in Japanese business success.
(d) US corporations should emulate the Japanese
and change the way new recruits are induced.
17. The main difference between US and Japanese
corporations is
(a) That one employs MBAs, the other does not.
(b) That US corporations do not employ Japanese
people.
(c) That US corporations pay more to fresh recruits.
 (d) In the process of selecting and orienting new
recruits.
18. The author argues that the Japanese system
(a) Is better than the American system.
(b) Is highly productive and give corporate
leadership a long-term view as result of its
strong traditions.
(c) Is slowly becoming Americanised.
(d) Succeeds without business schools, whereas the
US system fails because of it.
PASSAGE 3
Neo-Nazis and other extremists have been held
responsible for a wave of ethnic cleansing in the
Bratiloyan Republic. The United Nations estimates that
over 20,000 people have been murdered there in the last
six months. Dissidents who have escaped from the country
have asked the British Government to grant them asylum.
The government is to deport 500 illegal aliens whose
visas have expired. Angry members of the opposition have
accused the government of institutional racism, as most of
the deportees are of African origin. Meanwhile, the police
have been accused of harassment, after Asian families in
Bradford complained that they have been pestered and
worried by officers following a series of robberies in the
city.
Civil rights leaders in the USA have held a
demonstration in Washington against the death penalty.
They have called for a total abolition of capital
punishment, claiming that it is contrary to basic civil rights
principles outlined in the United Nations Declarations
ofHuman Rights.
Rebels fighting the government of President
Stanislow have taken control of the television station in
the centre of the capital. This follows a long-standing
power struggle between Mr. Stanislow and the principal
opposition party which has seriously weakened his power.
A spokesman for the homeless community in
London has presented a petition to the government asking
them to provide housing for everyone. He argues that the
governments refusal to raise tire minimum wage rate has
resulted in thousands living in poverty with not enough
money to pay -for somewhere to live. Meanwhile, the
Metropolitan Police evicted several squatters who took
over a house in the city centre last week and refused to
leave until the government took positive action.
A recent survey reveals that at least 30% of public
companies have been accused of discrimination and
exploitation in the past year. The main offender is Anglo-
Amalgamated Telecommunications, a Bristol-based
company. Their employees, many of them Asian women,
claim they have received bad treatment or been taken
advantage of by the company.
And finally, the Cardiff police are preparing for
angry scenes at the Welsh International Computer factory
tomorrow when blacklegs, anxious to return to work after
six months on strike, will attempt to break through the
picket line. A senior officer has expressed his concern that
there will be riots and people will get hurt as a result.
19. The term ethnic cleansing denotes
(a) The elimination of an unwanted group from a
society, as by genocide or forced migration.
(b) A form of religious persecution in which
members of a religious population are subjected
to imprisonment, expulsion, or death by a
majority to achieve religious homogeneity.
(c) Confiscation of personal identification,
passports, and other such documents in order to
make it difficult or impossible for those driven
out to return.
(d) The killing or assassination of tyrants for the
common good.
20. The term asylum refers to
(a) An institution to house insane people.
(b) A shelter from danger or hardship.
(c) An inviolable place of refuge giving shelter to
criminals and debtors.
(d) The refuge granted by a country to citizens and
residents of other countries.
21. The word squatter refers to
(a) Impostors. (b) Charlatan.
(c) Unlawful tenant. (d) Paying Guest.
22. Blacklegs are
(a) Persons who cheat in a game.
(b) Persons suffering fatal cattle disease caused by
soil-borne bacteria.
(c) Persons who act against the interests of a trade
union.
(d) Dark skinned people.
23. Dissidents refer to
(a) Conformists.
(b) Unorthodox people.
(c) Picketers.
(d) Militants.
PASSAGE 4
The narrative of Dersu Uzala is divided into two
major sections, set in 1902 and 1907, that deal with
separate expeditions which Areseniev conducts into the
Ussuriregion. In addition, a third time frame forms a
prologue to the film. Each of the temporal frames has a
difference focus, and by shifting them Kurosawa is able to
describe the encroachment of settlements upon the
wilderness and the consequent erosion of Dersus way of
life. As the film opens, that erosion has already begun. The
first image is a long shot of a huge forest, the trees piled
upon one another by the effects of the telephoto lens so
that the landscape becomes an abstraction and appears like
a huge curtain of green. A title informs us that the year is
1910. This is as close into the century as Kurosawa will
go. After this prologue, the events of the film will
transpire even farther back in time and will be presented as
Arsenievs recollections.
The character of Dersu Uzala is the heart of the film,
his life the example that Kurosawa wishes to affirm. Yet
the formal organisation of the film works to contain, to
close, to circumscribe that life by erecting a series of
obstacles around it. The file itself is circular, opening and
closing by Dersus grave, thus sealing off the character
from the modern world to which Kurosawa once so
desperately wanted to speak. The multiple time frames
also work to maintain a separation between Dersu and the
contemporary world. We must go back farther even than
1910 to discover who he was. But this narrative structure
has yet another implication. It safeguards Dersus
example, inoculates it from contamination with history,
and protects it from contact with the industrialised, urban
world. Time is organised by the narrative into a series of
barriers, which enclose Dersu in a kind of vacuum
chamber, protecting him from the social and historical (a) Serves to highlight the difficulties that Dersu
dialectics that destroyed the other Kurosawa heroes. faces that eventually kills him.
Within the film, Dersu does die, but the narrative structure (b) Shows the difference in thinking between
attempts to immortalise him and his example, as Dersu Arseniev and Dersu.
passes from history into myth. (c) Shows the code by which Dersu lives that
We see all this at work in the enormously evocative allows him to survive his surroundings.
prologue. The camera tilts down to reveal felled trees (d) Serves to criticise the lack of understanding of
littering the landscape and an abundance of construction. nature in the pre-modern era.
Roads and houses outline the settlement that is being built; 25. Arsenievs search for Dersus grave
Kurosawa cuts to a medium shot of Arseniev standing in (a) Is part of the beginning of the film.
the midst of the clearing, looking uncomfortable and (b) Symbolises the end of the industrial society.
disoriented. A man passing in a wagon asks him what he is (c) Is misguided since the settlement is too new.
doing, and the explorer says he is looking for a grave. The (d) Symbolises the rediscovery of modernity
driver replies that no one has died here, the settlement is 26. In the film, Kurosawa hints at Arsenievs reflective
too recent. These words enunciate the temporal rupture and sensitive nature
that the film studies. It is the beginning of things (a) By showing him as not being derisive towards
(industrial society) and the end of things (the forest) ,the Dersu, unlike other soldiers.
commencement of one world so young that no one has had (b) By showing him as being aloof from other
time yet to die and the eclipse of another, in which Dersu soldiers.
has died. It is his grave for which the explorer searches. (c) Through shots of Arseniev writing his diary,
His passing symbolises the new order, the development framed by trees.
that now surrounds Arseniev. The explorer says he buried (d) All of the above.
his friend three years ago, next to huge cedar and fir trees, 27. The film celebrates Dersus wisdom
but now they are all gone. The man on the wagon replies (a) By exhibiting the moral vacuum of the pre
they were probable chopped down when the settlement modern world.
was built, and he drives off. (b) By turning him into a mythical figure.
Arseniev walks to a barren, treeless spot next to a (c) Through hallucinatory dreams and visions.
pile of bricks. As he moves, the camera tracks and pans to (d) Through Arsenievs nostalgic, melancholy
follow, revealing a line of freshly built houses and a ruminations.
womanhanging her laundry to dry. A distant train whistle 28. How is Kurosawa able to show the erosion of
is heard, and the sounds of construction in the clearing vie Dersus way of life?
with the cries of birds and the rustle of wind in the trees. (a) By documenting the ebb and flow of
Arseniev pauses, looks around for the grave that once was, modernisation.
and murmurs desolately, Dersu. The image now cuts (b) By going back farther and farther in time
farther into the past, to 1902, and the first section of the (c) By using three different time frames and shifting
film commences, which describes Arsenievs meeting with them.
Dersu and their friendship. Kurosawa defines the world of (d) Through his death in a distant time.
the film initially upon avoid, a missing presence. The 29. According to the author, which among the
grave is gone, brushed aside by a world rushing into followingstatements about the film is correct?
modernism, and now the hunter exists only in Arsenievs (a) The film makes its arguments circuitously.
memories. The hallucinatory dreams and visions of (b) The film highlights the insularity of Arseniev.
Dodeskaden are succeeded by nostalgic, melancholy (c) The film begins with the absence of its
ruminations. Yet by exploring these ruminations, the film mainprotagonist.
celebrates the timelessness of Dersus wisdom. (d) None of the above.
The first section of the film has two purposes: to
describe the magnificence and inhuman vastness of nature Choose the most appropriate word to fill in the
and to delineate the code of ethics by which Dersu lives blanks:[Question 30-40]
and which permits him to survive in these conditions. 30. Judges have to be .. to all entreaties if they
Dersu first appears, the other soldiers treat him with want that justice should not miscarry.
condescension and laughter, but Arseniev watches him (a) silent (b) receptive
closely and does not share their derisive response. Unlike (c) deaf (d) blind
them, he is capable of immediately grasping Dersus 31. Progressive teachers must be .. with the
extraordinary qualities. In camp, Kurosawa frames current world events.
Arseniev by himself, sitting on the other side of the fire (a) observant (b) conversant
from his soldiers. While they sleep or joke among (c) careful (d) oblivious
themselves, he writes in his diary and Kurosawa cuts in 32. This course will be .. to your future
several point-of-view shots from his perspective of trees prospects.
that appear animated and sinister as the fire light dances (a) inimical (b) material
across their gnarled, leafless outlines. This reflective (c) incidental (d) congenial
dimension, this sensitivity to the spirituality of nature, 33. He was .. with me in that task.
distinguishes him from the others and forms the basis of (a) engaged (b) consistent
his receptivity to Dersu and their friendship. It makes him (c) associated (d) entrusted
a fit pupil for the hunter. 34. Every person gets .. his lot.
24. According to the author the section of the film (a) committed to (b) accustomed to
following the prologue (c) acquainted with (d) analogous to
35. He is .. of spelling reform. 49. Thein Sein is the newly-appointed President of
(a) a protagonist (b) an advocate which of the following nations?
(c) an envoy (d) a champion (a) Indonesia (b) Malaysia
36. Modern armies must keep .. the latest (c) Myanmar (d) Thailand
inventions. 50. Baglihar dam has been a matter of dispute
(a) pace with (b) abreast of betweenwhich nations?
(c) a record of (d) a stock of (a) Bangladesh and Myanmar
37. The flow of electricity is .. to the flow of (b) Myanmar and China
water, in some respects. (c) India and China
(a) adapted (c)analogous (d) India and Pakistan
(b) amenable (d) allied 51. Who is the author of the book TinderboxThePast
38. The accused was .. of the offence of criminal and Future of Pakistan?
breach of trust. (a) Husain Haqqanl
(a) convinced (b) convicted (b) Yasmeen Niaz Mohiuddlin
(c) bereft (d) negligent (c) Ishrat Husain
39. I must surely .. him for his trouble. (d) M.J. Akbar
(a) recompense (b) reckon 52. Who among the following is the author of the
(c) credit (d) reimburse bookIndia after Gandhi?
40. I can testify .. his good behaviour. (a) Ramachandra Guha
(a) to (b) of (b) Binayak Sen
(c) for (d) into (c) Nandini Sunder
(d) None of the above
GENERAL KNOWLEDGE/ CURRENT AFFAIRS 53. Who among the following is the chairman of theJoint
41. Why was Arundhati Roy investigated for sedition? Parliamentary Committee (JPC) on the 2GSpectrum
(a) For committing contempt of court allocation issue?
(b) For saying that Kashmir is not an integral part of (a) Murli Manohar Joshi
India (b) A. Raja
(c) For sympathising with the Maoists (c) M. Thambi Durai
(d) For condemning nuclear tests conducted by (d) PC. Chacko
India 54. Justice P.C. Phukan Commission of Inquiry was
42. Who was recently in the news when the constituted to inquire into which of the following
SupremeCourt of India rejected her plea for incidents?
Euthanasia, butpaved the way for legalization (a) Clashes between Nagas and Lepchas in
ofpassive euthanasia? Nagaland on 14 August 2008.
(a) Aruna Shanbaug (b) Aruna Roy (b) Clashes between Bodos and Muslims in
(c) Mary Roy (d) Medha Patkar Northern Assanis Udalguri district on August
43. Julian Assange, the founder of WikiLeaks, was 14 2008.
arrested in which of the following nations? (c) Clashes between Assamese and Bengalis in
(a) UK (b) Sweden Guwahati on August 14 2008.
(c) USA (d) Denmark (d) None of the above.
44. The recent Tunisian revolution is known as 55. The first woman Secretary General of SAARC is
(a) Orange Revolution (b) Jasmine Revolution from which country?
(c) Purple Revolution (d) Crescent Revolution (a) Maldives (b) Bhutan
45. Who among the following has been elected as theIPL (c) Sri Lanka (d) India
Chairman and Commissioner from this yearsedition 56. With, which Hindutva association are Sadhvi Pragya
of the IPL? Singh Thakur and Swami Aseemanand allegedly
(a) Chirayu Amin (b) Rajiv Shukia associated?
(c) Ratnakar Shetty (d) Shashank Manohar (a) Vishwa Hindu Parishad
46. The Shunglu panel was constituted for which ofthe (b) Shri Ram Sena
following issues? (c) Abhinav Bharat
(a) To investigate the 2G Spectrum Scam. (d) AryaSamaj
(b) To suggest Civil Service Reforms. 57. With which of the following do you associate the
(c) To probe the Commonwealth Games Scam. name RJ Thomas?
(d) To suggest reforms on centre-state relationship. (a) Central Vigilance Commission
47. Who among the following was appointed as (b) Lokpal
theChairman of the National Innovation Council? (c) Anti corruption Ombudsman
(a) Shashi Tharoor (b) Chetan Bhagat (d) Banking Ombudsman
(c) Arindam Chaudhury (d) Sam Pitroda 58. Which of the following cities will host the 18
48. Irom Sharmila has been fasting for the last 10 years Commonwealth Law Conference was held in
to protest against which of the following issues? whichcity?
(a) Rape cases against Indian Army in Manipur. (a) Delhi (b) Bangalore
(b) Emergency in Manipur. (c) Kolkata (d) Cape Town
(c) Prevention ofTerrorism Act, 2005. 59. Name the Kenya-born political lobbyist who runs a
(d) Application of the Armed Forces (Special firm called Vaisimavi Corporate Communications,
Powers) Act, 1958 in Manipur. and has recently been in news?
 (a) Barkha Dutt (b) Vir Sanghhvi (b) J.S. Verma
(c) Vina Ramani (d) Nira Radia (c) Ruma Pal
60. Who is the author of the book Great Soul: (d) All the above
MahatmaGandhi and his Struggle with India, 70. In how many languages the newly introduced
criticised forits content? Barexamination was conducted by the Bar Council
(a) Nirad C. Chaudhury ofIndia?
(b) Joseph Lelyveld (a) 5 (b)6
(c) Khushwant Singh (c) 7 (d)9
(d) Hermann Kallenbach 71. Who among the following has recently been elected
61. Recently the Supreme Court held that the author of as the communication advisor to the Prime
the book Shivaji: Hindu King in Islamic India Ministersofficer?
cannot be prosecuted for an offence under Section (a) K. Muthukumar
153A of IPC. The author of the book is (b) Pankaj Pachuri
(a) Thslima Nasreen (b) Dominic Lappiere (c) Binoy Job
(c) James. W. Lame (d) None of the above (d) None of the above
62. The Supreme Court recently held that authorized 72. Who among the following is the leader of Tehreek
agents of the parties can be permitted to appear e-Insaf?
forthem instead of Advocates in (a) Asif Ali Sardari
(a) Any Court (b) Any Tribunal (b) NawasSherif
(c) Consumer Forums (d) None of the above (c) Imran Khan
63. Who among the following is an Indian citizen whose (d) None of the above
death sentence in Rajiv Assassination Casewas 73. Who among the following Journalists unearthed the
confirmed by the President by rejecting his mercy Spectrum Scam?
petition in August? (a) N. Venkittesan
(a) Murugan (b) Perarivalan (b) J. Gopikrishnan
(c) Santhan (d) All the above (c) Barkha Dutt
64. Dr. Jean Dreze, economist, at the Delhi School (d) None of the above
ofEconomics, who is considered as the Architect 74. Who among the followingwon the 59 NationalFilm
ofNational Rural Employment Guarantee Award for the best actor?
Act(NREGA) is a national of (a) Salim Kumar (b) Kamal Hasan
(a) Sweden (b) Belgium (c) Farooq sheikh (d) Girish Kulkarni
(c) Russia (d) France 75. Before being appointed as the Central
65. In which of the following years the largest number of VigilanceCommissioner of India Mr. Pradeep Kumar
Judges of Supreme Court of India retired? was the
(a) 2000 (b) 2011 (a) Cabinet Secretary
(c) 2005 (d) 1998 (b) Foreign Secretary
66. Two months after the Supreme Court held that the (c) Defence Secretary
deployment of Special Police Officers in the fight (d) None of the above
against Naxals was illegal, Which of the following 76. The Delhi High Court recently gave the go-ahead to
State Assembly passed an Act authorising an the existing nursery admission process in the
auxiliary armed force to assist security forces in capitals private unaided schools, allowing them to
dealing with Maoist/Naxal violence and legalising admit children aged .. years.
existing SPOs by inducting them as members? (a) Three plus (b) Four plus
(a) Bihar (b) Mizoram (c) Five plus (d) None of the above
(c) Chathisgarh (d) None of the above 77. Portugal Supreme Court had terminated the
67. In which of the following cases, the Supreme Court extradition ofAbu Salem on the grounds that India
held that Honour killing comes under the breached the extradition conditions by booking him
categoryof rarest of rare and the perpetrators under which also provides for
deserve Death penalty. deathsentence.
(a) Bhagwan Dass Vs. (NCT) of Delhi (a) POTA (b) FERA
(b) Prakash Kadam Vs. R.V. Gupta (c) MCOCA (d) None of the above
(c) Satya Narayan Tiwari Vs. State of U.P 78. The infamous Pathribal Police Encounter case
(d) None of the above tookplace in
68. Who among the following retired Judges was (a) Gujarat (b) Jammu and Kashmir
appointed by the Supreme Court to identify the (c) Maharashtra (d) None of the above
boundaries between Nagaland, Assam and Arunachal 79. Who among the fo1lowiii s- of the Empowered
Pradesh? Committee appointed by the Supreme Court on
(a) Tarun Chatterjee Mullaperiyar issue?
(b) Sudarshan Reddy (a) Justice A.S. Anand
(c) C.K. Thakker (b) Justice K.T. Thomas
(d) None of the above (c) JusticeA. R Lakshman
69. Who among the following retired Judges of (d) None of the above
theSupreme Court declined to act as arbitrators 80. In which of the following courts, Indias first
aftertheir retirement? onlineTrial started recently?
(a) M.N. Venkatachalayya (a) Madhupur (b) Tis Hazari
 (c) Madurai (d) None of the above (a) 3 (b)4
81. Who among the following is the present chairmanof (c) 5 (d)6
the Bar Council of India? 92. Two trains, one from Howrah to Patna and other
(a) PH.Parekh from Parna to Howrah, start simultaneously.
(b) LalitBhasin Afterthey meet, the trains reach their destinations
(c) Manan Kumar Mishra after 9 hours and 16 hours respectively. The ratio of
(d) None of the above their speed is_______
82. 237t1 Report of the Law Commission of (a) 2 : 3 (b) 4 : 3
India,submitted to Government recently is about (c) 6 : 7 (d) 9 : 6
(a) Honour Killing 93. The speed of a boat in still water is 10 km/hr. If it
(b) Khap Panchayat can travel 26 km downstream and 14 km upstreamin
(c) Compounding of offences the same time, the speed of the stream is_________
(d) None of the above (a) 2 km/hr (b) 2.5 km/hr
83. M.O.H. Farooq, who died recently, was theGovernor (c) 3 km/hr (d) 4km/hr
of 94. An accurate clock shows 8 Oclock in the morning.
(a) Karnataka (b) Tamil Nadu Through how many degrees will the hour handrotate
(c) Kerala (d) None of the above when the clock shows 2 Oclock in the afternoon?
84. Gender and rights activists have protested against the (a) 144 (b)150
Union government presenting a gallantry award to a (c) 168 (d)180
Chhattisgarh cadre police officer who allegedly 95. A,B and C start at the same time in the same
supervised the torture of Soni Son, a school teacher direction to run around a circular stadium.
accused of assisting the banned Communist Party of Acompletes a round in 252 seconds, B in 308
India (Maoist) . Identify his name seconds and Gin 198 seconds, all starting at the same
(a) Ankit Garg point. After what time will they meet again at the
(b) Lakshmana startingpoint?
(c) Vishwa Ranjan (a) 26 minutes 18 seconds
(d) None of the above (b) 42 minutes 36 seconds
85. Which among the following Companies was (c) 45 minutes
involved in the Olympics sponsorship controversy? (d) 46 minutes 12 seconds
(a) Swan (b) Dow Chemicals 96. Consider the following quotients:
(c) Vodafone (d) None of the above (1) 368.39 divided by 17
86. Who among the following is the head of Expert (2) 170.50 divided by 62
Committee constituted by the Central Government to (3) 875.65 divided by 83
look into all the issues relating to de-regulation of Their correct sequence in decreasing order is:
the sugar sector? (a) 1, 3, 2 (b) 2, 1, 3
(a) G. Madhavan Nair (c) 2, 3, 1 (d) 3, 1,2
(b) C. Rangarajan 97. The price of commodity X increases by 40 paise
(c) M.S. Swaminathan every year while the price of commodity Y increases
(d) None of the above by 15 paise every year. If in 2001, the price of
87. According to the latest study byYale and commodity X was Rs. 4.20 and of Y was Rs. 6.30, in
ColumbiaUniversities, which of the following which year commodity X will cost 40 paise more
Countries hasthe most toxic air in the world? than the commodity Y?
(a) India (b) China (a) 2010 (b) 2011
(c) USA (d) None of the above (c) 2012 (d) 2013
88. Who among the following is the Australian Open 98. The average age of a group for picnic is 16 years.
Tennis Champion 2012? Twenty new persons with an average age of 15 years
(a) Novak Djokovic (b) Rafael Nadal join the group on the spot due to which their average
(c) Roger Federer (d) None of the above age becomes 15.5 years. The number of persons
89. Prof. G. Madhavan Nair, who has been barred from initially going for picnic is_____
holding any government post for his alleged role in (a) 5 (b) 10
the controversial Antrix-Devas deal was the former (c) 20 (d) 30
Chairman of 99. On January 1, 2004 two new societies, Si and S2 are
(a) Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) formed, each with n numbers. On the first of each
(b) Atomic Energy Commission subsequent month, S1 adds b members while S2
(c) Central Water Commission multiply its current number of members by a
(d) None of the above constant factor r Both the societies have the same
90. Which of the following Pakistani Cricketers was numbers on July 2, 2004. If b = 10.5n, what is the
appointed as the UN goodwill ambassador against value of r?
drug abuse? (a) 2.0 (b) 1.9
(a) Misbah ul Haq (b) Shahid Afridi (c) 1.8 (d) 1.7
(c) Younus Khan (d) None of the above 100. The length, breadth and height of a room are in the
91. A group of 630 children is arranged in rows for a ratio 3:2:1. If the breadth and height are halved while
group photograph session. Each row contains three the length is doubled, then the total area of the four
fewer children than the row on front of it. What walls of the room will______
number of rows is not possible? (a) Decrease by 13.64%
 (b) Decrease by 15% (a) Yarn (c) Fibre
(c) Decrease by 18.75% (b) Silk (d) Synthetic
(d) Decrease by 30% 112. Botany : Flora : : ? : Fauna
101. The cost price of 8 books is equal to the selling (a) Biology (c) Fossils
priceof 6 books. Find the gain % (b) Zoology (d) Pathology
(a) 33 1/3 (b) 30% 113. Survey: Report : : Collect : ?
(c) 33% (d) 32% (a) Edit (c) Compile
102. 18 buckets ofwater fill a tank when the capacity of (b) Print (d) Compose
each bucket is 9 liters. How many buckets will be 114. Grass : Soil Erosion : : ? : Floods
needed to fill the same tank if the capacity of (a) Trees (b) Bank
thebucket is 13.5 liters? (c) Dyke (d) Bridge
(a) 13.5 (b) 24 115. Ruby : Red : : Quartz : ?
(c) 12 (d) 26 (a) Yellow (c) Milky
103. Three men start together to travel the same way (b) Blue (d) Green
around a circle track of 11 km. Their speed are 4, Each of the following questions contains one Statement
5, and 8 km per hour respectively. When will they followed by two Conclusions I and II.
meet at the starting point? Give Answer
(a) 22 hrs (b) 12 hrs (a) If only conclusion Ifollows.
(c) 11 hrs (d) 44 hrs (b) If only conclusion II follows.
104. In a factory the average salary of the employees is (c) If either the conclusions I or II follow
Rs. 70. If the average salary of 12 officers is Rs. 400 (d) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
and that of the remaining employees is Rs. 60, then (e) If both conclusion land II follows.
the numbers of employees are: 116. Statement: Industrial Revolution which first of all
(a) 396 (b) 408 started in Europe has brought about modern age.
(c) 400 (d) 416 Conclusions:
105. Rs. 2,100 was divided between 3,000 men and I. Disparity between rich and poor results in
women so that each man got Rs. 1 and each woman revolution.
50 paise. How many men were there? II. Revolution overhauls country
(a) 700 (b)1200 117. Statement: To cultivate interest in reading, the school
(c) 1800 (d)1500 has made it compulsory from June 96 for each
106. The scale of a map is 3/4 of cm = 1 km. lfthedistance student to read two books per week and submit a
on the map between two towns is 60 cm. the weekly report on the books.
actualdistance is: Conclusions:
(a) 80km (b) 60km I. Interest in reading can be created by force.
(c) 75km (d) 50km II. Some students eventually will develop interest
107. In a class of 100 students 20 know English and 20 do in reading.
not know Hindi and 10 know neither English nor 118. Statement: The government ofThailand has recently
Hindi. The number of students knowing both Hindi announced several concessions and offered
and English is attractivepackage tours for foreign visitors.
(a) 5 (b)10 Conclusions:
(d) 20 (c)15 I. Now, more number of foreign tourists will visit
108. A,B,C can do a work in 6 days. A and C together the country.
cart do it in 10 days. In how many days can B alone II. The government ofThailand seems to be serious
do the work? in attracting tourists.
(a) 3 3 days (b) 12 days 119. Statement: Today out of the world population of
(c) 20 days (d) 15 days several thousand million, the majority of men have
109. The probabilities of two events are 0.50 and to live under governments which refuse them
0.50.The probability ofboth happening together is personal liberty and the right to dissent.
0.14.Which of the following is the probability of Conclusions:
NONE of the events happening? I. People are indifferent to personal liberty and the
(a) 0.39 (b) 0.25 right to dissent.
(c) 0.61 (d) 0.125 II. People desire personal liberty and the right to
110. In how many ways can 5 rings be worn on dissent.
fourfingers on one hand? 120. Statement: Our securities investments carry market
(a) 20 (b) 625 risk Consult your investment advisor or agent
(c) 624 (d) 1024 beforeinvesting.
Conclusions:
LOGICAL REASONING I. One should not invest in securities.
Directions: In each of the following questions the two II. The investment advisor calculates the market
words given on one side of the double colon bear a certain risk with certainty.
relationship. The other side shows an incomplete 121. Statement: Quality has a price tag. India is allocating
pairmarked by a missing word which bears a lots of funds to education.
similarrelationship with the given word. Find the missing Conclusions:
wordout of the given options (a) (b) (c) or (d). I. Quality of education in India would
111. Gold : Silver : : ? : Cotton improvesoon.
 II. Funding alone can enhance quality ofeducation. Conclusions:
122. Statement: All the organised persons find time for I. No pen is coin.
rest. Deepa, in spite of her very busy schedule, II. Some coins are pens.
findstime for rest. 130. Statements:
Condusions: 1. Some players are singers.
I. Deepa is an organised person. 2. All singers are tall.
II. Deepa is an industrious person. Condusions:
123. Statement: In case of outstanding candidates, the I. Some players are tall.
condition of previous experience of social work may II. All players are tall.
be waived by the admission committee for M.A. 131. Statements:
(Social 1. All keys are locks.
Conclusions: 2. All locks are screws.
I. Some ofthe students for MA (social work) will Conclusions:
have previous, experience of social work. I. All screws are keys.
II. Some of the students, for MA. (social work) will II. Some locks are keys.
not have previous experience of social work. 132. Statements:
124. Statement: The standard of education in private 1. All poets are readers.
schools is much better than municipal and 2. No reader is wise.
Zilaparishand run schools. Condusions:
Conclusions: I. No poet is wise.
I. The municipal and Zilaparishad should make II. All readers are poets.
serious efforts to improve standard of their 133. Statements:
schools. 1. No man is a monkey.
II. All municipal and Zilaparishad schools should 2. John is a man.
be closed immediately. Conclusions:
125. Statement: It is almost impossible to survive and I. John is not a monkey.
prosper in this world without sacrificing ethics and II. John may or may not be a monkey.
morality. 134. Statements:
Conclusions: 1. Some vegetables are fruits.
I. World appreciates some concepts but may not 2. No fruit is black.
uphold it. Condusions:
II. Concept of ethics and morality are not I. Some fruits are vegetables.
practicable in life. II. No fruit is black.
Directions: In the following questions, a statement is 135. Statements:
followed by two conclusions (A) and (B). You have to 1. Some papers are files.
assume everything in the statement to be true and 2. Some files are pens.
consider both the conclusions together, and then decide Condusions:
which of the two given conclusions logically follow I. Some files are not pens.
beyond a reasonable doubt from the information given in II. Some pens are papers.
the statement. Mark
(a) If only conclusion (A) follows Directions: In each question below is given a passage
(b) If only Conclusion (B) follows followed by some inferences. You have to examine each
(c) If either (A) or (B) follows inference separately in the context of thepassage and
(d) If neither (A) nor (B) follows decide upon its degree of truth orfalsity.
126. Statements: Mark answer
1. Some trees are houses. (a) If you think the inference is definitely true;
2. Biscuit is a tree. (b) If you think the inference is robably true
Condusions: though not definitely true in the light of the
I. Biscuit is not a tree. facts given;
II. Some houses are trees. (c) If the data given is inadequate i.e., from the
127. Statements: facts given you cannot say whether the
1. Some nurses are nuns. inference is likely to be true orfalse;
2. Shyama is a nun. (d) If you think the inference is probably false
Condusions: though not definitely false in the li of the facts
I. Some nuns are nurses. given; and
II. Some nurses are not nuns. (e) If the inference is definitely false i.e., it
128. Statements: contradicts the given facts.
1. No magazine is cap.
2. All caps are cameras. PASSAGE 1
Condusions: Primary education in Bihar is in a poor shape. Pupils
I. No camera is magazine. in over 50 percent of the schools read in the open
II. Some caps are magazines. throughout the year. Over six million children born to
129. Statements: lower income group parents remain unlettered. Not even
1. All coins are crows. one percent of the 63,000 primary schools have facilities
2. Some crows are pens. of furniture,toilet, drinking water and games. 3113 new
teachers have been appointed in the current financial year
out of which 2747 are women. Now each of the 13270
primary schools have at least two teachers.
136. 630 primary schools in Bihar have all the facilities
like furniture, toilet, drinking water and games.
137. In Bihai 90 percent of the primary teachers are
women.
138. In Bihar, 50 percent of the children are illiterate.
139. A large number of primary schools in Bihar are one
teacher schools.
140. There are six million parents belonging to lower
income groups in Bihar.
PASSAGE 2
Passage: Laws governing the co-operative societies are
uniform in all states. These laws give the member of a
housing society the right to nomination during his life
time. This is quite unlike the rule in other property related
cases where nomination comes into force after the demise
of the member. The question then arises that, can the
nominee get full proprietorial rights over a flat merely
because he has been nominated by a deceased member of
the society. Many people are under the wrong impression
that once a nomination form has been filled, their
responsibility is over and that the nominee would have no
problem acquiring the property. And, that the legal heirs of
the member will pose no problem for the nominee.
141. The law that considers whether a person is a legal
heir or not has some lacunae.
142. Nomination to property right need not be made
tolegal heirs only.
143. There is a need to educate the people on all aspects
of laws governing the co-operative societies.
144. Co-operative movement had started with co
operative housing societies.
145. Property related laws are more or less same in all the
states.
PASSAGE 3
A recent survey shows that India has the lowest death rate
for blood cancer. China, Thailand and Myanmar (countries
that have taste for spices) also have low rates. Higher
rates are found in U.S.A. where spices are not used. The
typical American food remains chicken rolls, butter and
beef.
146. Americans are unorthodox in their food habits.
147. Americans dislike spices.
148. Spices prevent blood cancer.
149. Spices promote forms of cancer other than blood
cancer.
150. Chicken rolls, butter and beef promote cancer.
LEGAL REASONING
This section consists of5O questions in total. Each
problem consists of a set of PRJCIPLE/S and FACTS.
Apply the spec to the set off acts and answer the questions.
In answering the following questions, you should not rely
on any PRINCIPLE/S except the PRINCIPLE/S that are
supplied for every problem. Further, you should not
assume any fact other than those stated in the problem.
The aim is to test your ability to properly apply a
PRINCIPLE to a given set off acts, even when the result is
absurd or unacceptable for any other reason. It is not the
aim to test any knowledge of aw you may already possess.
151. PRINCIPLE: Ignorance of the law is not an excuse.
FACTS: Judge Eileen Mary Brewer, a holidaying circuit
court judge from Illinois, US, was on her private visit to
Mumbai, who began taking pictures inside courtroom No.
10 of the Bombay High Court. The police immediately
booked her and detained her camera by saying that
photography is prohibited inside the Court as per the
Bombay High Court Rules.
(a) She would be excused since she was a Judge
inUSA.
(b) She would be excused since she was not
awareof Bombay High Court Rules.
(c) She would be excused since she had no guilty
intention.
(d) She would not be excused though she was not
aware of Bombay High Court Rules.
152. PRINCIPLE:Act of a person incapable of judgment
by reason of intoxication caused against his will is
excused.
FACTS: A, a night watchman, during his duty took
a minor girl and in his attempt to rape placed his
hands upon her mouth and she died due to
suffocation. He took a defence that he was unable to
understand the consequences as he was heavily
drunk. In this case
(a) Accused is guilty of offence since he was
voluntarily drunk.
(b) Accused is not guilty of offence since he was
incapable of Judgement.
(c) Accused is guilty of attempt to Rape only.
(d) None of the above.
153. PRINCIPLE: If both the parties agree upon the
same thing in the same sense, the parties are bound
by their agreement.
FACTS : Sanjay wrote to Hrithik offering to sell his
horse for. Rs.20,000/-. Hrithik wrote back, I agree
to purchase your black horse for Rs.20100.
(a) The parties are bound by their agreement as they
agree on the price and also on the goods for sale.
(b) The parties are not bound by the agreement as
the object is uncertain.
(c) The parties are bound by their agreement as the
colour of the horse is only a question ofdetail.
(d) None of the above.
154. PRINCIPLE: The Supreme Court shall, to the
exclusion of any other court, have original
jurisdiction in any dispute
(a) between the Government of India and one
ormore States; or
(b) between the Government of India and any State
or States on one side and one or more
otherStates on the other; or
(c) between two or more States,if and in so far as
the dispute involves any question (whether of
law or fact) on which the existence or extent of a
legal right depends:
FACTS: State of Karnataka filed a suit against
Union of India before Sub Court, Mysore for
recovery of an amount of Rs.18,686 with interest
and cost as damages for delayed delivery of some
articles by Indian Railway.
(a) Suit is not maintainable since it is a dispute
between union and state
(b) Suit is maintainable since Railway is not State.
 (c) Suit is maintainable since it is dispute arising
out of a contract between a carrier and
consignee.
(d) None of the above.
155. PRINCIPLE: To be held guilty of an offence, one
should have done the act that causes the intended
result.
FACTS:A with, the intention; to murder B stabs him
repeatedly with knife. B is taken to hospital and is
found out of danger. Thereafter, due to the
negligence of the doctor, Bs wounds are infected
and he requires surgical intervention. During the
time of operation requiring to remove his injured
infected leg, B died on account of administration of
general anaesthesia.
(a) A is guilty of murder of B.
(b) A is not guilty of murder of B but may be guilty
of attempt to murder.
(c) A is not guilty of murder of B but maybe guilty
of causing hurt.
(d) None of the above.
156. PRINCIPLE: Every person has a right to complete
immunity of his person from physical interference of
others, except in so far as the consent may be
necessary under the general doctrine of privilege.
FACTS: A cancer patient, undergoing treatment in a
hospital, reached the terminal stage. It was clear to
everyone including the personal physician of the
patient that the end was near. At that stage, the
specialist doctor, in charge of the treatment,
administered a drug which was at the stage of
experimentation without the consent of the patient.
The experiment had established that the drug could
control the spread of cancer cells to some extent. The
patient died soon after. When the relatives of the
patient came to know about this incident, they filed a
suit against the hospital and the doctor charging them
for assault and battery i.e. unjustified physical
interference.
(a) The doctor is liable, since he has acted without
the consent of the patient.
(b) The doctor is not liable, since he was motivated
by the welfare of the patient.
(c) The doctor is not liable, since it was in the
general public interest that the new drugs should
be developed.
(d) None of the above.
157. PRINCIPLE: Theft is the dishonest moving of
property with the intention of taking it out for the
persons possession without his consent.
FACTS: A gives his woollen coat to a dry cleaner
along with his wifes sarees for the purpose of dry
cleaning. He is told to collect the clothes after two
days. When he comes after two days, he finds that he
does not have enough money to pay to the dry
cleaner. But since due to the winter, he needs the
coat desperately, he surreptitiously places the coat
near his other goods so that he can quietly take it
without the knowledge of the dry cleaner
(a) A is guilty of theft.
(b) A is not guilty of theft.
(c) A is not guilty of theft but has to pay
compensation to the dry cleaner.
(d) None of the above.
158. PRINCIPLE: (i): A doctor is to keep the
information given by the patient in strict confidence
and cannot provide the information to any party. (ii):
Information in public interest cannot be withheld.
FACTS: A, a medical practitioner from Assam came
to a hospital in Madras due to serious illness. The
hospital authorities after detailed investigation found
that A also suffers from HIV. After the treatment
forthe disease which was cured, (not the HIV) A
went back to Assam. A marriage proposal between A
and B was being considered B after coming to hear
from some anonymous sources asked the hospital
authority of Madras to inform her about the real
situation, as to whether A is suffering from HIV. The
hospital authority after understanding that, B was
going to marry A and therefore ought to, know about
the health conditions of A, disclosed the information
to B. A files a suit for realisation of compensation of
Rs. 5 lakhs against the hospital authority of Madras.
(a) The hospital authority has to pay Rs.5 lakhs or
any other amount decided by the court.
(b) The hospital authority is justified to disclose the
information to any one interesting to know the
information.
(c) The hospital authority is justified in giving the
information only to B and not to make the
information public otherwise.
(d) None of the above.
159. PRINCIPLE: Time is of essence of the contract.
FACTS: A printing press, agrees to print-out
question papers for an examination, the date of
which has already been announced. The printing is
delayed first for the breakdown of the machinery and
thereafter due to lack of power supply. The
University insists that the work must be completed
within the time omit. Decide.
(a) There was no specific stipulation in the
agreement that time was of the essence of
contract.
(b) The non-completion of the job was due to
circumstances beyond control of owners of the
press.
(c) It was clear from the nature of the job that time
was of the essence of the contract.
(d) None of the above.
160. PRINCIPLE: A person can be arrested without
warrant for committing a cognizable offence.
FACTS: A requisition is received by the sub-
inspector of a police station from another police
station to arrest Suman in connection with the
commission of a non-cognizable offence. Suman has
accordingly been arrested in compliance with the
requisition. Advise him.
(a) The arrest is valid as the requisition was treated
as a warrant.
(b) The arrest is not valid as it was done without a
warrant.
(c) The arrest is valid as Suman did not object to it.
(d) None of the above.
161. PRINCIPLE: The owner of immovable property is
entitled to the column of airspace above the surface.
However, the owners right to air and space above
his land is restricted to such height as is necessary
for the ordinary use and enjoyment of his land and
the structures on it.
 FACTS: Galaxy Cable 1V Network Company is
providing cable connections to their customers. One
of the cables passes over the house of Mr. Vasanth
Bhat. He is not a customer of the Network Company.
The cable is neither attached to his house nor to any
projection thereof. It is at a distance of 20 feet above
the terrace of Mr. Bhats two storied house. Because
of the cable, Mr. Bhats son Sachin is unable to fly a
kite from the terrace. Mr. Bhat requested the
Network Company to change the position of the
cable. But the company did not bother to change it.
One evening Mr. Bhat cut the cable and cleared the
airspace above his house. The Network Company
suffered a loss of about Rs. 1000/-. They bring legal
action against Mr. Bhat for recovery of loss suffered.
(a) The Network Company will succeed because the
cable was not interfering with the ordinary use
and enjoyment of Mr. Bhats property.
(b) The Network Company will not succeed
because Mr. Bhat has every right to ensure
proper enjoyment of his property by removing
objects causing trespass in the air above his
property to a reasonable extent.
(c) The Network Company will succeed because
laying cables is widely practised in all cities like
electricity and telephone wires.
(d) None of the above.
162. PRINCIPLE: Everybody is under a legal obligation
to take reasonable care to avoid act or omission
which he can foresee would injure his neighbour.
The neighbour for this purpose is any person whom
he should have in his mind as likely to be affected by
his act.
FACTS: Ram, while rushing to board a moving
train, pushed Shyam who was walking along with a
heavy package, containing fire crackers. As a result,
the package slipped from his hand and the crackers
exploded injuring a boy-standing closely. A suit was
filed against Ram, by the boy, claiming damages.
(a) Ram is not liable, because he did not know
anything about the contents of the package.
(b) Ram is not liable, because Shyam should not
have carried such a package in a crowded place
like Railway station.
(c) Ram is liable, because Ram is under an
obligation not to push Shyam.
(d) None of the above.
163. PRINCIPLE: An occupier is not, normally liable to
a trespasser except in respect of wilful act intended
to cause harm or done with reckless disregard.
FACTS:Kishanlal was running a dairy farm in his
house. A part of his farm was used by the people as a
short cut to get into the nearby railways station.
Kishanlal never liked it and put up a board that All
trespassers will be prosecuted. But he actually
tolerated them, because quite a few of them
patronized his business. One day, a person, who was
crossing the farm to get into the railway station, was
attacked by a bull belonging to the farm. The injured
person filed a suit against Kishanlal.
(a) Kishanlal is not liable in view of the clear notice
against trespassers.
(b) Kishanlal is liable, because he in fact allowed
the people to use his premises.
(c) Kishanlal is not liable to the people other than
his customers.
(d) None of the above.
164. PRINCIPLE: No communication made in good
faith is an offence by reason of any harm to
theperson to whom it is made, if it is made for the
benefit of that person.
FACTS: A, a surgeon in good faith, communicates
to a patient his opinion that he cannot live. The
patient dies in consequence of the shock.
(a) A has committed no offence, though he knew it
to be likely that the communication might cause
the patients death.
(b) A has committed the offence, since he knew it to
be likely that the communication might cause
the patients death.
(c) A has committed death due to negligent act
(d) None of the above.
165. PRINCIPLE: Nothing is an offence by reason that it
causes, or that it is intended to cause, or that it
isknown to be likely to cause, any harm, if that harm
is so slight that no person of ordinary sense and
temper would complain of such harm.
FACTS: Mrs. Menezes is the owner of a house in
Bombay. Yusuf Khan is a tenant of a part of the first
floor in that house. On January 17, 1963, one Robert
- a servant of the Mrs, Menezes, called the wife of
Yousuf a thief and Halkat. This was followed by a
heated exchange of abusive words between the
Yousuf and the Mrs. Menezes husband. Yousuf was
annoyed and threw at the Mrs. Menezezs husband a
file of papers. The file did not hit him, but it hit the
elbow of the Mrs. Menezes causing a scratch.
(a) The accused commits an offence.
(b) The accused does not commit an offence.
(c) Even if accused commits an offence, it is
excusable since Law does not take account of
trifles.
(d) None of the above.
166. PRINCIPLE: Nothing which is done in goodfaith
for the benefit of a person under twelveyears of age,
or of unsound mind, by or byconsent, either express
or implied, of the guardianor other person having
lawful charge of thatperson, is an offence by reason
of any harm whichit may cause, or be intended by
the doer to cause or be known by the doer to be
likely to cause to that person.
FACTS: Meera, a teacher beat one student, with a
cane on his buttock for smoking. He was taken to his
house in the evening by two persons. He complained
to his father that he has got pain. He was shown to a
private hospital. Later he made a complaint before
Police under against the teacher.
(a) Teacher commits offence since he exceeded in
punishing the student.
(b) Teacher commits no offence.
(c) Even if teacher commits an offence, it is
excusable since it was with a good intention and
for the benefit of the child.
(d) None of the above.
167. PRINCIPLE: Acts done by children below12 years
of age are not offences if they are not mature enough
to understand the nature and consequences of the
acts.
 FACTS: Bobby, a child of 9 years of age, finds a
gold chain in his uncles home. He gives the chain to
his sister Ruby who is eight years old and tells her
not to tell anyone. The uncle reports the matter to the
police. The police conduct a search during the
investigation the police finds the gold chain kept in
the toys of Ruby. Ruby tells the police that Bobby
had given the chain to her.
(a) Bobby is guilty of theft.
(b) Ruby is guilty of theft.
(c) Both Bobby and Ruby are guilty of theft.
(d) Neither Bobby nor Ruby is guilty of theft.
168. PRINCIPLE: Where an offence is committed by a
company, every person who at the time when the
offence was committed, was responsible for the
conduct of the business of the company, shall be
deemed to be guilty of the offence and shall be liable
to punishment.
FACTS: Amit is employed as a peon in a finance
company. The company defrauds many people and
all the Directors of the company abscond. The police
arrest Amit for the offence of fraud which is
punishable with 7 years rigorous imprisonment. Is
Amit guilty of the offence?
(a) Yes (b)No
(c) Yes, because he was in the employment of the
Company when the offence was committed.
(d) No, because he was not responsible for the
conduct of the business of the company.
169. PRINCIPLE: Whoever, having been captured by
the enemy or made a prisoner of war, voluntarily
serves or aids the enemy shall be punished with
death.
FACTS: John is a Jawan in the Indian Army. During
the 1971 war he was captured by the Pakistani
forces. While, a prisoner he was tortured and made
to divulge the positions of the Indian Army. Due to
this information, Pakistani Air Force attacked Indian
positions causing extensive damage to life and
property After Indias victory, the Pakistani forces
surrender the Indian Prisoners of War whichincludes
John.Is John liable to a sentence of death?
(a) No, because he was tortured.
(b) Yes, because his information led to loss of many
innocent Indian lives.
(c) No, because he did not aid the enemy
voluntarily, which is the prime requirement for
application of the penal provision.
(d) None of the above.
170. PRINCIPLE: A contract is an agreement which the
law will enforce. All agreements are contracts if they
are made with free consent by parties competent to
contract for a lawful considerationand with a lawful
object.
FACTS: Apaid, Rs. 15,000 to B to secure a seat for
his son in the Regional Engineering College by using
his influence with the Selection Committee. B fails
to secure a seat for As son. A sues to recover the
amount of Rs. 15,000/
(a) A will succeed as B has failed to perform the
promised act.
(b) A will succeed as the agreement was entered
into with the free consent of both parties.
(c) A will fail as the agreement was unlawful
andagainst public policy.
(d) A will succeed as consideration was paid for
theservice demanded.
171. PRINCIPLE: Nobody shall unlawfully interfere
with a persons use or enjoyment of land, or some
right over, or in connection with it. The use or
enjoyment, envisaged herein, should be normal and
reasonable taking into account surrounding
situation.
FACTS: Krishnan and Kannan were neighbours in a
residential locality. Kannan started a typing class in a
part of his house and his typing sound disturbed
Ksishnan who could not put up with any kind of
continuous noise. He filed a suit against Kannan.
(a) Kannan is liable, because he should not have
started typing class in his house.
(b) Kannan is liable, because as a neighbour, he
should have realised Krishnans delicate nature.
(c) Kannan is not liable, because typing sound did
not disturb anyone else other than Krishnan.
(d) None of the above.
172. PRINCIPLE: A contract obtained
bymisrepresentation is voidable at the option of the
buyer.
FACTS: Anand wants to sell his house. Anupama
approaches him with an offer to buy the house and
Anand shows her the house. The house is notin a
very good condition and visibly requires repairs,
without which it is uninhabitable. Anand does not
tell anything regarding the required repairs to be
livable. Anupama purchases the house for a huge
consideration. Later on when she wants to move in
her things into the house to start living she realizes
the heavy repairs that the house requires urgently.
(a) Anupama will not succeed because she has to be
careful about what he is purchasing in all
circumstances, unless the defects arc concealed
and cannot be seen or has been hidden.
(b) Anupama will succeed because Anand
knowingly sold the house and he should have
informed Anupama about the condition of the
house.
(c) Anupama will succeed because she would never
have purchased the house in case if she was told
about the status of the house.
(d) A buyer always has the option to refuse
performance of his part of the contract.
173. PRINCIPLE: Performance of a legal duty cannot be
a consideration for a promise.
FACTS: As wallet is stolen by a thief. A lodges a
complaint in the Police Station and promises to pay a
sum of Rs. 500 to the person who is able to
apprehend the thief and get back his wallet. The
policemans servant X apprehends the thief and
gets back the wallet. A refuses to pay X the
promised Rs. 500.
Choose the correct option:
I. The servant is entitled to the reward.
II. The policeman would have been entitled to the
reward had he been the person to apprehend the
thief.
III. The policeman would be entitled to the reward
even if he had not apprehended the thief.
IV. The servant would not be entitled to the reward.
(a) I and III (b) I only
(c) I, II and IV (d) III only
174. PRINCIPLE: Violation of a Legal Right, with or
without damage, gives rise to a tort.
FACTS: A establishes a coaching class and charges
Rs. 5000/- per year as fees. As neighbour
Bestablishes another coaching class thereby
creatinga competition. This forces A to reduce his
fees to Rs. 3000/- per year.
QUESTION: Can A claim damages from B forthe
loss caused to him?
(a) Yes, he can as B has violated his Legal Right.
(b) No, A has reduced the fees on his own.
(c) No, because though there was damage therewas
no legal injury.
(d) None of the above.
175. PRINCIPLE: A minor is not competent to enter into
a contract and the law will assume that the contract
never happened and everything is returned to where
it was.
FACTS: X a minor misrepresents his age to enter
into a contract with Y a seller of bicycles, to
purchase the bicycle. After the bicycle is delivered to
the minor, he refuses to pay the sale price for the
same, contending the non-existence of a legally
binding contract.
Is the contract entered by X a valid contract?
(a) The contract is valid because in this case, the
minor has knowingly misrepresented his age in
order to enter into the contract.
(b) The contract is not valid because the buyer is a
minor and the seller will get nothing.
(c) The contract is not valid because the buyer is not
competent to contract, but the minor buyer may
be directed by the Court to return the bicycle.
(d) The contract is not valid but the seller can file a
suit against Xs parents.
176. PRINCIPLE: Ignorance of Law is not an excuse
here as every person should be acquainted with the
Law of Land.
FACTS: Mr John, a foreigner, came of Delhi in the
winter season. He saw the people in Delhi make a
bonfire on the road-side at night to keep themselves
warm. One night he came out of his hotel and asked
two labourers to cut down a dry tree. When they
agreed, he paid them Rs. 150 in Indian currency for
cutting down the tree. They cut the logs into small
pieces and the foreigner along with the tree-cutters
made a bonfire and kept themselves warm. After
some time, the Police patrol car saw it and arrested
the foreigner and the two labourers on the spot. The
foreigner pleaded that the tree was dry and he did not
know that the cutting of a roadside tree is an offence
in India.
(a) The foreigner shall not be liable for the offence
because he himself has not cut the tree but
through the Indian tree cutters.
(b) The foreigner shall be punished because cutting
of a roadside tree is an offence in India.
(c) The defence that he does not know such act is an
offence, is not an excuse even to the foreigner.
(d) Both (b) and (c) are correct.
177. PRINCIPLE: Whosoever enters into or upon the
property in the possession of another, with intent to
commit an offence or to intimidate or annoy any
person in possession of the property and remains
there with intent thereby to intimidate or annoy
another person or with intent to commit an offence is
guilty of criminal trespass.
FACTS: The accused entered at night into a house
to carry on intimate relations with an unmarried
major girl on her invitation and information that her
family members are absent. However, he was caught
by her uncle before he could get away.
Is the accused guilty of criminal trespass?
He is
(a) guilty of criminal trespass as he annoyed
theuncle.
(b) guilty because he entered the house to commit a
crime against the girl.
(c) guilty because no one should enter into the
house of another at night.
(d) not guilty of criminal trespass.
178. PRINCIPLE: Act of a person of unsound mind is
excused.
FACTS: The accused was charged for murder of
Edward Drummond (secretary to the prime Minister
Sir Robert Peel) by shooting him in the back.
Accused was suffering from morbid delusion and
believed Sir Robert had injured him. He mistook
Drummond as Robert and shot him.
(a) Accused is guilty of offence.
(b) Accused is not guilty of offence.
(c) The exception is not applicable in this case.
(d) None of the above.
179. PRINCIPLE: Only the Parliament or the State
Legislatures have the authority to enact laws on their
own. No law made by State can take away a persons
fundamental right.
FACTS: Parliament enacted a law, which according
to a group of lawyers is violating the fundamental
rights of traders. The group of lawyers files a writ
petition against the Parliament for enacting such law
and wants the Court to quash the law and to direct
the Parliament to make a new law.
(a) No writ would lie against the Parliament, as the
Court has no authority to direct the Parliament
to enact or re-enact a law.
(b) The Court can quash the existing law if
itviolates fundamental right and can direct to
make a new law.
(c) The Court can quash the existing law if it
violates fundamental right but cannot directthe
Parliament to make a new law.
(d) None of the above.
180. PRINCIPLE: No person accused of any offence can
be compelled to be witness against himself.
FACTS: In order to investigate the Blast case, the
Maharashtra Anti-terror squad (ATS) raided the
ashram of prominent Swami Nityanand and arrested
the prime suspect of the case. He refused to say
anything and consequently police forced him to go
for Nato-Analysis test. In the Naro Analysis Test, the
subjects inhibitions are lowered by interfering with
his nervous system at the molecular level. In this
state, it becomes difficult though not impossible for
him to lie. In such sleep- like state efforts are made
to obtain probative truth or the so called truth
serum about the crime. Experts inject a subject with
hypnotics like Sodium Pentothal or Sodium Amytal
under the controlled circumstances of the laboratory.
The dose is depended on the persons sex, age,
 health and physical condition. The subject which is
put in a state of hypnotism is not in a position to
speak up on his own but can answer specific but
simple questions after giving some suggestions. This
type of test is not always admissible in the law
courts. Itstates that subjects under a semi- conscious
state do not have the mind set to properly answer any
questions, while some other courts openly accept
them as evidence. Studies have shown that it is
possible to lie under narco-analysis and its reliability
as an investigative tool is questioned in most
countries. Nacro-Analysis was challenged in the
court of law on the ground:
(a) Narco-analysis testimony is unconstitutional
because no person can be compelled to be
wimess against himself.
(b) Narco-analysis testimony was not by
compulsion because the accused may be taken to
the laboratory for such tests against his will, but
the revelation during such tests is quite
voluntary
(c) Narco- analysis is permissible because it
involves minimal bodily harm, which implies
that all such methods of extracting information
that inflict minimal bodily harm are legally
permissible.
(d) It is not permissible because it is a kind of
mental torture.
181. PRINCIPLE: No person shall be convicted of any
offence except for violation of a law in force at the
time of the commission of the Act charged as an
offence, nor be subjected to a penalty greater than
that which might have been inflicted under the law in
force at the time of the commission of the offence.
FACTS: A boy of 16 years of age was convicted for
committing an offence of house trespass and
outraging the modesty of a girl aged 7 years. The
magistrate sentenced him for 6 months rigorous
imprisonment and also imposed fine. After
judgment, the Probation of Offenders Act, 1958
came into force. It provided that a person below 21
years of age should not ordinary be sentenced to
imprisonment. Now the boy claims the benefit of the
Probation of Offenders Act.
(a) He should not get the benefit of Probation of
Offenders Act.
(b) The rule of beneficial interpretation required
that ex post facto law could be applied to
reducethe punishment.
(c) A boy below the age of 21 years is treated as
minor and so he should not be punished.
(d) None of the above.
182. PRINCIPLE: Section 497 of IPC states that
Whoever has sexual intercourse with a person who
is and whom he knows or has reason to believe to be
wife of another man, without the consent or
connivance of that man, such sexual intercourse not
amounting to the offence of rape, is guilty of the
offence of adultery, and shall be punished with
imprisonment of either description for a term which
may extend to five years, or with fine, or with both.
In such case the wife shall not be punishable as an
abettor.
FACTS: Mohan was invited by Revaty, wife of
Shyam to have sexual intercourse with her. Knowing
about it Shyam filed a case against Mohan and
Revati.
(a) Mohan and Revati are liable for the same
offence.
(b) Revati cannot be punished as an abettor but she
can be punished for the main offence.
(c) Revati is not liable to be punished for any
offence.
(d) None of the above.
183. PRINCIPLE: When an act is abetted and a different
act is done, the abettor is liable for the act done, in
the same manner and to the same extent as if he had
directly abetted it.
FACTS: A instigates a child to put poison into the
food of Z, and gives him poison for that purpose.
The child, in consequence of the instigation, by
mistake puts the poison into the food of Y, which is
by the side of that of Z.
(a) A is liable for abetting to kill Z.
(b) A is not liable.
(c) A is liable for abetting to kill Z and for murder
of Y.
(d) None of the above.
184. PRINCIPLE: When two or more persons agree to
do, or cause to be done, an illegal act, or an act
which is not illegal by illegal means such
anagreement is designated a criminal conspiracy.
FACTS: The X along with other A B and C
were charged for offence of murder in furtherance of
a criminal conspiracy. A, B and C were
acquitted for all the offences.
(a) X can be convicted for criminal conspiracy
(b) X cannot be convicted for criminal conspiracy.
(c) X can be convicted for murder and Conspiracy.
(d) None of the above.
185. PRINCIPLE: A person is liable for Murder when he
does any act with such intention or knowledgeand
under such circumstances that, if he by that act
caused death, he would be guilty of murder.
FACTS: Motilal with the intention to kill Ramlal
gave opium to Ramlal in such a quantity as in normal
case sufficient to cause death. Ramlal was an opium
addict who enjoyed it and survived.
(a) Motilal is liable for attempt to murder.
(b) Motilal is not liable for attempt to murder.
(c) Motilal is liable for abetment to suicide.
(d) None of the above.
186. PRINCIPLE: A child below 7 years is regarded as
doli incapax which means a person incapable of
having wrongful intention.
FACTS: Rohit, aged 6 years caused hurt on the head
of Diana, his neighbour, who sustained serious
injuries.
(a) Rohit is liable to be punished for hurt.
(b) Rohit is not liable to punished for hurt.
(c) Rohit is liable only if it is proved that he is
mature enough to understand the consequences
of his acts.
(d) None of the above.
187. PRINCIPLE: Law does not take account oftrifles.
FACTS: A has an inkpot with him. B wants to fill
his pen from that inkpot. A does not allow, still B
takes ink from it.
(a) A is liable to be punished.
(b) A is not liable to punished.
 (c) A is liable for damages.
(d) None of the above.
188. PRINCIPLE: Ignorance of fact is an excuse but
ignorance of law is not an excuse.
FACTS: N, a nurse in a hospital gives P, a patient,
poison thinking it to be a medicine which killed the
patient
(a) N is liable for murder.
(b) N is not liable for murder.
(c) N is liable for culpable homicide for not taking
reasonable care.
(d) None of the above.
189. PRINCIPLE: If any person intentionally
contaminated any source of public water in such a
way that it becomes non-consumable, he shall
bepunished.
FACTS: Raghuram owns a chemical factory in
Delhi. During the process of making chemicals the
factory drains out a lot of sewage. In course of time
the chemicals contained in the sewage contaminated
the source of underground water.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the
following.
(a) Raghuram has committed offence because such
contamination is due to working of his
employees.
(b) Raghuram has committed an offence because his
factory is liable for contaminating the ground
water, and he owns the factory.
(c) Raghuram has not committed an offense.
(d) None of the above.
190. PRINCIPLE: When, at the desire of the promisor,
the promisee or any other person has done or
abstained from doing, or does or abstains from
doing, or promises to do or to abstain from doing,
something, such Act or abstinence or promise is
called a consideration for the promise.
FACTS: There was a promise to pay to the vakil an
additional sum if the suit was successful. Which of
the following answers the situation appropriately?
(a) There is no consideration for the promise.
(b) Suit is maintainable on further promise.
(c) An advocate under vakalatnama could sue his
client also.
(d) An advocate under vakalatnama could not sue
his client.
191. PRINCIPLE: If the object or purpose of the
agreement is unlawful, the agreement is not
enforceable.
FACTS: Rajan is working as an officer in the
Government Secretariat. Rajans car collided with
Toms Bike and Tom died in the incident. Rajan
offered Rs. 1,00,000/- to Prashant, his servant to take
the responsibility because if he is convicted, it will
affect his job.
(a) Agreement is valid since it is beneficial to both
the parties.
(b) Agreement is not valid since the object is
unlawful.
(c) Agreement is valid if Prashant voluntarily
agreed.
(d) None of the above.
192. PRINCIPLE: Consideration for the agreement must
be real.
FACTS: A promises to B to run at a speed of
150km/h if B pays him Rs. 10,000/-.
(a) Agreement is valid.
(b) Agreement is valid till he finishes running.
(c) Agreement is void due to physical impossibility.
(d) None of the above.
193. PRINCIPLE: Consideration must move at the
desire of the promisor.
FACTS: A constructed a market at the desire of
the District Collector. B promised to pay a
commission on the articles sold in the market. Later
B refused to pay the commission.
(a) Agreement is valid and A is entitled to the
commission.
(b) Agreement is void since B is a stranger.
(c) Agreement is void for want of consideration
because A constructed a market at the desire of
the District Collector not at the desire of B.
(d) None of the above.
194. PRINCIPLE: In a valid offer the terms of the offer
must be certain, definite and not vague.
FACTS:A offers B lavish entertainment if B
paintshis portrait.
(a) Offer is valid since the work is specified.
(b) Offer is valid since the terms are identifiable.
(c) Offer is not valid since the terms are vague.
(d) None of the above.
195. PRINCIPLE: If both the parties to a contract believe
in the existence of a subject, which in fact does
notexist, the agreement would be void.
FACTS: A agrees to sell B some specific goods
suppose to be shipped from Bombay to Cochin.
Before the day of bargain the ship had sunk and the
goods lost. Neither party was aware of that fact.
(a) Contract is valid till the delivery of the goods.
(b) Contract is void.
(c) Contract is voidable.
(d) None of the above.
Principles for Questions 196 to 200
Principle (i): A person is an employee of another if the
mode and the manner in which he or she carries out his
work is subject to control and supervision of the latter.
Principle (ii): An employer is required to provide
compensation to his or her employees for any injury
caused by an accident arising in the course of
employment. The words in the course of the employment
mean in the course of the work which the employee is
contracted to do and which is incidental to it.
Facts for Questions 195 to 200
Messrs. Zafar Abidi and Co. (Company) manufactures
bidis with the help of persons known as pattadars. The
pattadars are supplied tobacco and leaves by the Company
and are required to roll them into bidis and bring the bidis
back to the Company. The pattadars are free to roll the
bidis either in the factory or anywhere else they prefer.
They are not bound to attend the factory for any fixed
hours of work or for any fixed number of days. Neither
arethey required to roll up any fixed number of bidis. The
Company verifies whether the bidis adhere to the specified
instructions or not and pays the pattadars on the basis of
the number of bidis that are found to be of right quality.
Aashish Mathew is one of the pattadars of the Company
He was hit by a car just outside the precinct of the factory
while he was heading to have lunch in a nearby food-stall.
Aashish Mathew has applied for compensation from the
Company.
196. Which of the following statements can most
plausibly be inferred from the application of the rules
to the given facts?
(a) Aashish Mathew is an employee of the
Company because the latter exercises control
over the manner in which Aashish Mathew
carries out his work.
(b) Aashish Mathew is not an employee but an
independent contractor as he does not have a
fixed salary
(c) Aashish Mathew is an employee because the
Company exercises control over the final quality
of the bidis.
(d) Verification of the quality of bidis amounts to
control over the product and not control over the
mode and method of work and therefore,
Aashish Mathew is not an employee of the
Company.
197. In case the pattadars were compulsorily required to
work in the factory for a minimum number of hourse
very day, then it would be correct to state that
(a) The injury was not caused by an accident in the
course of employment.
(b) Aashish Mathew would not be an employee as
the Company would have still not exercised
control over the manner of work.
(c) The injury suffered by Aashish Mathew could
not be held to be one caused by an accident.
(d) Stipulations on place and hours of work relate to
manner and mode of work and therefore,
Aashish Mathew would be held to be an
employee of the Company.
198. According to the facts and the rules specified, which
of the following propositions is correct?
(a) The Company is not liable to pay compensation
as the injury to Aashish Mathew was not caused
by an accident arising in the course of
employment.
(b) The Company is liable to pay the compensation.
(c) Since the injury did not arise in the course of
employment, the Company would not be liableto
pay the compensation even though Aashish
Mathew is an employee of the company.
(d) The Company is liable to pay the compensation
as Aashish Mathew is a contracted pattadar with
the company.
199. Select the statement that could be said to be most
direct inference from specified facts:
(a) The injury to Aashish Mathew did not arise in
the course of employment as he was not rolling
bidis at the time when he was hit by the cat.
(b) Since the Ashish Mathew is a contracted
pattadar with the Company, it shall be presumed
that the injury was caused by an accident in the
course of employment.
(c) Since there was no relationship of employment
between Aashish Mathew and the Company, the
injury suffered by Aashish Mathew could not be
held to be one arising in the course of
employment not withstanding the fact that the
concerned injury was caused while he was
involved in an activity incidental to his duties.
(d) As the concerned injury was caused to Aashish
Mathew while he was involved in an activity
incidental to his duties, the injury did arise in the
course of employment.
200. If the pattadars were compulsorily required to work
in the factory for a minimum number of hours ,
every day, then the Company would have been liable
to pay compensation to Aashish Mathew if the latter
(a) Had been assaulted and grievously hurt by his
neighbour inside the factory precincts over a
property dispute.
(b) Had slipped and fractured his arm while trying
to commute on a city bus from his home to the
factory.
(c) Had been injured while commuting on a bus
provided by the Company and which he was
required by his contract to use every day.
(d) Had been caught in the middle of a cross-fire
between police and a gang of robbers while
travelling to work on a city bus.
 MODEL PAPER-2
ANSWERS
1 (c) 26 (d) 51 (d) 76 (a) 101 (a) 126 (b) 151 (d) 176 (c)

2 (d) 27 (c) 52 (a) 77 (c) 102 (c) 127 (d) 152 (a) 177 (d)

3 (c) 28 (d) 53 (d) 78 (b) 103 (d) 128 (d) 153 (b) 178 (b)

4 (d) 29 (c) 54 (b) 79 (a) 104 (a) 129 (d) 154 (c) 179 (c)

5 (a) 30 (b) 55 (a) 80 (a) 105 (b) 130 (a) 155 (b) 180 (a)

6 (c) 31 (b) 56 (c) 81 (c) 106 (a) 131 (d) 156 (a) 181 (b)

7 (c) 32 (d) 57 (a) 82 (c) 107 (b) 132 (a) 157 (a) 182 (c)

8 (b) 33 (c) 58 (d) 83 (c) 108 (d) 133 (a) 158 (c) 183 (a)

9 (b) 34 (c) 59 (d) 84 (a) 109 (a) 134 (d) 159 (c) 184 (b)

10 (c) 35 (b) 60 (b) 85 (b) 110 (b) 135 (d) 160 (b) 185 (a)

11 (b) 36 (b) 61 (c) 86 (b) 111 (b) 136 (e) 161 (a) 186 (b)

12 (a) 37 (c) 62 (c) 87 (a) 112 (b) 137 (c) 162 (a) 187 (b)

13 (a) 38 (b) 63 (b) 88 (a) 113 (c) 138 (c) 163 (a) 188 (b)

14 (d) 39 (a) 64 (b) 89 (a) 114 (a) 139 (e) 164 (a) 189 (b)

15 (b) 40 (c) 65 (b) 90 (b) 115 (b) 140 (a) 165 (c) 190 (a)

16 (a) 41 (b) 66 (c) 91 (d) 116 (b) 141 (b) 166 (c) 191 (b)

17 (d) 42 (a) 67 (a) 92 (b) 117 (b) 142 (a) 167 (a) 192 (c)

18 (b) 43 (a) 68 (a) 93 (c) 118 (e) 143 (a) 168 (d) 193 (c)

19 (a) 44 (b) 69 (d) 94 (d) 119 (b) 144 (c) 169 (c) 194 (c)

20 (d) 45 (b) 70 (d) 95 (d) 120 (b) 145 (c) 170 (c) 195 (b)

21 (d) 46 (c) 71 (b) 96 (a) 121 (a) 146 (d) 171 (c) 196 (d)

22 (c) 47 (d) 72 (c) 97 (b) 122 (e) 147 (c) 172 (a) 197 (d)

23 (d) 48 (d) 73 (b) 98 (c) 123 (e) 148 (a) 173 (b) 198 (a)

24 (c) 49 (c) 74 (d) 99 (a) 124 (a) 149 (c) 174 (c) 199 (c)

25 (a) 50 (d) 75 (a) 100 (d) 125 (b) 150 (a) 175 (c) 200 (c)