DECLARATORY RELIEF AND SIMILAR REMEDIES RULE 63

I. Meaning of declaratory relief

Ferrer, Jr. v. Roco, Jr., G.R. No. 174129, 05 July 2010

II. Purpose of an action for declaratory relief Section 1, Rule 63

Martelino v. NHMFC, G.R. No. 160208, 30 June 2008
Galicto v. Aquino, G.R. No. 193978, 28 February 2012

III. Requisites of an action for declaratory relief - Section 1, Rule 63

Salazar v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 194830, 18 January 2011

A. Justiciable controversy
Velarde v. Social Justice Society, G.R. No. 159357, 28 April 2004
Commissioner of Customs, et al. v. Hypermix Feeds Corp.,
G.R. No. 179579, 01 February 2012

1. Effect of absence of justiciable controversy

Republic v. Roque, G.R. No. 204603, 24 September 2013
Jimenes v. Roa, G.R. No. L-30496, 31 May 1971

2 Effect where the law or contract has already been contravened

Malana v. Tappa, G.R. No. 181303, 17 September 2009

3. Action for declaratory relief after breach is objectionable

Sebastian Sarmiento, et al. v. Hon. Capapas, et al. G.R. No. L-15509,
31 March 1962
Quisumbing v. Garcia, G.R. No. 175527, 08 December 2008

B. Legal Interest in the Controversy

1. Third-party complaint is not proper when the main case is declaratory
relief
Commissioner of Customs v. Cloribel, G.R. No. L-21036, 30 June
1977
C. Issue is Ripe for Judicial Determination
Tolentino v. Board of Accountancy, 90 Phil. 83 (1951)

IV. Who may file petition for declaratory relief Section 1, Rule 63
Baguio Citizens Action, Inc. v. City Council and City Mayor of
Baguio, G.R. No. L-27247, 20 April 1983

V. When and where to file petition for declaratory relief

Malana v. Tappa, G.R. No. 181303, 17 September 2009
De Ocampo v. Secretary of Justice, G.R. No. 147932, 25 January 2006
Melchor v. Gironella, 491 Phil. 653

VI. Parties Section 2, Rule 63

VII. Notice of the Solicitor General Section 3, Rule 63

VIII. Validity of Local Ordinances Section 4, Rule 63

IX. Court action is discretionary - Section 5, Rule 63

A. Exceptions action for reformation of instrument, for quieting of title,
For consolidation of ownership under Article 1607

X. Conversion into ordinary action Section 6, Rule 63

Quisumbing v. Garcia, G.R. No. 175527, 08 December 2008

XI. Similar remedies

 A. Reformation of instrument
Bentir v. Leanda, G.R. No. 128991, 12 April 2000
Ramos v. Court of Appeals, 180 SCRA 635 (1989)

1. Reformation of instrument distinguished from annulment of contract

Veluz v. Veluz, G.R. No. L-23261, 31 July 1968

2. Requisites of reformation
Multi-Ventures Capital v. Satalwart Management Services Corp.,
G.R. No. 157439, 04 July 2007
NIA v. Gamit, G.R. No. 85869, 06 November 1992

3. Who may file action for reformation of instrument

Article 1368, New Civil code
4. When reformation is not proper
Articles 1366-1367, Civil code

5. Related laws:
Articles 1359-1369, Civil Code

B. Quieting of Title
1. Requisites of quieting of title
Eland Philippines, Inc. v. Garcia, G.R. No. 173289, 17 February 2010

2 Related laws:
Articles 476-481, Civil Code

D. Consolidation of ownership; effect of non-compliance with Article 1607

Cruz v. Leis, G.R. No. 125233, 09 March 2000
Rural Bank of Oroquieta, Inc. v. CA, G.R. No. L-53466, 10 November
1980
1. Related laws:
Articles 1607 and 1616, Civil Code

XI. Remedy from adverse ruling

Commissioner of Customs, et al. v. Hypermix Feeds Corp.,
G.R. No. 179579, 01 February 2012

XII. Effect of failure to raise issue before the trial court

Pineda v. Heirs of Eliseo Guevara, G.R. No. 143188, 14 February 2007
Martelino v. NHMFC, G.R. No. 160208, 30 June 2008