SMA

XI

STUDENT
WORKSHEET

CRUDE OIL

Name of Group :
1.................................................................

2.................................................................

3.................................................................

CLASS XI / SMA
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES

1.1.1.1 Students realize the regularity of the nature of hydrocarbons as the

God massivness well.
2.1.1.1 Students be able to show the scientific behavior that are cooperate,
curiosity, by pay attention and quetioning actively in learning
process.
3.2.1.1 Students be able to explain the formation process of the crude oil.
3.2.1.2 Students be able to explain the separation techniques of crude oil
fractions.
4.2.1.1 Students be able to determine the usefulness of crude oil in daily
life.
4.2.1.2 Students be able to present works from discussion about the
formation process of the crude oil.
4.2.1.3 Students be able to present works from discussion about the
separation techniques of crude oil fractions.
 A. FORMATION PROCESS OF CRUDE OIL

Look at this picture!

1.

2.
3.

Adanya suhu yang panas dan tekanan

yang tinggi

Questions: Discuss with your group about formation process of crude oil!
 B. PROCESSING OF CRUDE OIL FRACTIONS

Look at this picture!

Questions: Discuss with your group about processing of crude oil fractions!
 C. USEFULNESS OF PETROLEUM IN DAILY LIFE

Look at this picture!

1 2 3

Questions: Discuss with your group about the differences in each pictures!

NO. Name Of Object Making Process

1.

2.

3.
1. Pertalite
Discuss with your group about this:
a. Color ?
b. Price ?
c. Octane number ?
d. Advantages ?
e. Disadvantages ?

2. Premium
Discuss with your group about this:
a. Color ?
b. Price ?
c. Octane number ?
d. Advantages ?
e. Disadvantages ?

3. Pertamax
Discuss with your group about this:
a. Color ?
b. Price ?
c. Octane number ?
d. Advantages ?
e. Disadvantages ?
 ANSWER KEY

A.FORMATION PROCESS OF CRUDE OIL

Questions: Discuss with your group about formation process of crude oil!

Answer:

1) Almost all oil and gas comes from tiny decayed plants, algae, and bacteria. Oil was
formed from the remains of animals and plants (diatoms) that lived millions of years
ago in a marine (water) environment before the dinosaurs.
2) Over millions of years, the remains of these animals and plants were covered by
layers of sand and silt.
3) Heat and pressure from these layers helped the remains turn into crude oil.
 B. PROCESSING OF CRUDE OIL FRACTIONS

Questions: Discuss with your group about processing of crude oil fractions!

Answer:

Processing of crude oil fractions performed on cans of oil, here the stages:

1) First fraction is produce gas, as known as LPG gas.

2) Second fraction is produce solvents and used in petrol.
3) Third fraction is called heavy petrol. This gas cant be directly used but must be
processed into gasoline.
4) Fourth fraction is produced into kerosine (paraffin oil).
5) Fifth fraction often called diesel and used as fuel for diesel engines.
6) Sixth fraction is produced as lubricant for engines and machines.
7) Seventh fraction is produced as fuel for ships, heating and power stations.
8) Eighth fraction is called residue that contain long-chain hydrocarbon. And processed
into bitumen for roads and roofing.
 C.USEFULNESS OF PETROLEUM IN DAILY LIFE

Questions: Discuss with your group about the differences in each pictures!

Answer:

NO. Name Of Object Making Process

1. Pertalite Fractional distillation

2. Premium Fractional distillation

3. Pertamax Fractional distillation

1. Pertalite
Discuss with your group about this:
a. Color ?
Clearly green color and bright.
b. Price ?
The price is less than pertamax, but more expensive than premium. From latest
news on November 2016, the price of pertalite is Rp 6.900 per liter.
c. Octane number ?
The Research Octane Number (RON) is 90.
d. Advantages ?
Pertalite is contains addictive and better for engines, because it contains Research
Octane Number (RON) high enough. It can burning better and more perfect.
e. Disadvantages ?
Research Octane Number (RON) are still lower than standard European vehicles,
that is 91.

2. Premium
Discuss with your group about this:
a. Color ?
Dark yellow and clear.
b. Price ?
The price is less than pertamax and pertalite. From latest news on November
2016, the price of premium is Rp 6.450 per liter.
c. Octane number ?
Research Octane Number (RON) is 88.
d. Advantages ?
Premium can work well on the engine that has a medium compression and the
price is cheaper than pertalite and pertamax.
e. Disadvantages ?
If premium used for vehicles that have a high compression engine, it can cause
knocking. Knocking is explosion of fuel in the piston, but not suitable with
pistons movement, so it can damage the piston.
3. Pertamax
Discuss with your group about this:
a. Color ?
Clearly blue.
b. Price ?
The price is more expensive than premium and pertalite. From latest news on
November 2016, the price of pertalite is Rp 7.450 per liter.
c. Octane number ?
Research Octane Number (RON) is 92.
d. Advantages ?
Piston can work optimally, because Pertamax can receive pressure on a machine
that has a high compression. It is intended for vehicles that has a high octane-fuel.
Additionally, pertamax more efficient than pertalite and premium.
e. Disadvantages ?
Easy to burned than premium, quickly to evaporate and the price is more
expensive than pertalite and pertamax.