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The word Ethics comes from the greek word ethos that means character.
Ethics is the branch of study dealing with what is the proper course of action for
mankind. Ethics is a requirement for human life. It is our means of deciding a course
of action. Without it, our actions would be random and aimless.
The first our ethical obligation is first with our Lord. Or Adab is first directed towards Allah.
This ethical obligations is realize through our gratitude towards our lord.
Gratitude is a spiritual and moral state of mind, spiritual in the sense of acknowledging the believers
obligation to the creator, and moral in the sense of mandating rightful conduct in relation to God.
Sahih International: It is Allah who created the heavens and the earth and
sent down rain from the sky and produced thereby some fruits as provision for
you and subjected for you the ships to sail through the sea by His command
and subjected for you the rivers.
Sahih International: And He gave you from all you asked of Him. And if
you should count the favor of Allah , you could not enumerate them. Indeed,
mankind is [generally] most unjust and ungrateful.
Those who are grateful are those who are thankful during the good times and
the bad times. They say Hamdulillah when they are in affliction and
hamidulillah when things are going good.
The prophet Muhammad said look at those who are less fortunate than you
Adab is connected with Shariah (moral code) The Shariah is seen in the Quran
first then in the life example of the Prophet. The Shariah is best describe as a
moral code. Morality is related to law but different from it, for although there
are acts that are forbidden both by law and morality, such as theft and murder,
there are acts that morally bad but not punished by law. In Western society
there are a lot of things that are morally wrong but are not illegal or bended by
law. The Shariah focuses on morality and things that are ethically wrong. Thats
why the shariah is more of a moral code. It focus on how to live a virtues life.
(Maqasid Shariah) For example arguring with people
Sahih International: And obey Allah and His Messenger, and do not
dispute
Sabr means to exercise self control, to be proactive and to endure great adversity.
Sahih International: O you who have believed, seek help through patience
and prayer. Indeed, Allah is with the patient.
Pickthall persevere whatever may befall thee. Lo! that is of the steadfast
heart of things.
Yusuf Ali: and bear with patient constancy whatever betide thee; for this is
firmness (of purpose) in (the conduct of) affairs.
Shakir: bear patiently that which befalls you; surely these acts require
courage;
3:146
2nd half
of virtues, moral characteristics that are recognized and loved by Allah (SWT)
And fear Allah and know that Allah is with those who fear Him.
Ahsan or Hasan
Pickthall: There shall be no sin (imputed) unto those who believe and do
good works for what they may have eaten (in the past). So be mindful of your
duty (to Allah), and believe, and do good works; and again: be mindful of your
duty, and believe; and once again: be mindful of your duty, and do right. Allah
loveth the good.
Imran 133-134
31:22 10:26
Yusuf Ali: Ye have indeed in the Messenger of Allah a beautiful pattern (of
conduct) for any one whose hope is in Allah and the Final Day, and who
engages much in the remembrance of Allah.