Solutions to Quick Quiz, Exercises, SAT and Test Paper

Analytical Geometry
Quick Quiz -1
1. (C)
Image of (2, 3) in x-axis is (2, 3) and image of (2, 3) in yaxis is (2, 3).
2. (B)
The distance of (3, 7) from the x-axis = |y co-ordinate of the point| = 7.
3. (B)
A (1,5),B ( 7,9),C (10, 17)
AB (1 7)2 (5 9)2 82 (4)2 64 16 80
BC (7 10) 2 (9 17) 2 9 676 685
AC (1 10) 2 (5 17) 2 121 484 605
Now AB2 + AC2 = BC2 i,e. 605 + 80 = 685
Therefore, the points form a right angled triangle.
4. (A)
m(5) n(1) m(5) n(3)
Let the ratio be m : n, then (4, k) = , .
mn m n
5m + n = 4m + 4n m = 3n. Therefore, m : n = 3 : 1.
5. (B)
1 1 35
[2 {4 ( 1)} + (3) { 1 5} + 7 {5 4}] 2(5) 3(6) 7(1)
2 2 2

Quick Quiz - 2
6. (B)
1 1
Intercepts on co-ordinate axes are and .
a b
x y
Its equation is = 1 ax + by = 1
1 1
a b
7. (C)
By substituting the coordinates of A in the alternatives given, we observe that A satisfies the equations 7x + 5y = 8 and
7
2x 5y = 17. Since, the slope of BC is answer is (C).
5
8. (D)
Equation of lines parallel to x-axis are y = k, where k is the distance from x-axis. y = 2.
9. (D)
3x y + 8 = 0 3x + y = 8
a 2 b2 3 1 2
3 1
Dividing by 2, we get x y4
2 2
3 1
cos = , sin = , p = 4 = 150.
2 2
10. (C)
A = (3, 0), B = (0, 4), O = (0, 0)
AOB is a right angled triangle, right angled at O.
Therefore O = (0, 0) is the orthocentre.

1P/XI1617MMB3S 1
11. (C)
Slope of y x 3 4 is m1 = 3 ,
1
Slope of 3y x 7 is m2 =
3
1
3
m m2 3 1 30
Therefore tan 1 =
1 m1m 2 11 3

12. (D)
Solving 2x + 3y + 4 = 0 and x + 4y + 1 = 0 we get
13 2
x = , y = . Substituting in x 6y + a = 0, we get a = 5
5 5
Aliter:
+ +
1 6 a
Given 2 3 4 0
1 4 1
1(3 16) (6)(2 4) + a(8 3) = 0
13 12 + 5a = 0 5a = 25 a = 5
13. (B)
Equation of x-axis is y = 0
Let A = (5, 7) and B = (1, 3)
(ax1 by1 c) 7
k
(ax 2 by 2 c) 3
14. (A)
Given that p = 3, = 30
Equation of the line in the normal form is x cos 30 + y sin 30 = 3 3x y 6
15. (D)
The equation of the line such that its segment between the axes is bisected at (3, 4) is given by,
x y
1 4x 3y 24
2(3) 2(4)
Option (D)
Hint: The equation of the line, such that its segment between the axes is bisected at the point (x1, y1) is given by
x y
1 y1x x1y 2x1y1
2x1 2y1

Exercise
1. (D)
The orthocentre, circumcentre and centroid of a triangle lie on a line. Coordinates of centroid are
a 2 1 2a a 2 2a 1 (a 1) 2 (a 1) 2
, i.e., ,
2 2 2 2
The orthocenter lies on line joining (0, 0) and
(a 1) 2 (a 1) 2
,
2 2
(a 1) 2
0
y0 2 (x 0)
2
(a 1)
0
2
(a 1) y (a 1) 2 x 0 or (a 1)2x (a + 1)2y = 0
2

1P/XI1617MMB3S 2
2. (C)
1 2a a
Lines are concurrent implies, 1 3b b 0
1 4c c
(3bc 4bc) 2a(c b) + a(4c 3b) = 0
bc 2ac + 2ab + 4ac 3ab = 0
bc + 2ac ab = 0 ab + bc = 2ac
2ac
a, b, c are in H.P. b
ac
3. (B)
1 0
Slope of AB 1 BAX 45
3 2 y

If AB is made to rotate and if AC is the new position of the line AB, C 15

CAX 45 15 60 equation of AC is
B(3,1)
y = tan 60(x 2) 45
x
O
[using y y1 = m(k kp)] A(2, 0)
y 3x 2 3
Equation is 3x y 2 3 0
4. (B)
3 1
Equation of BC is (y 1) (x 3) x + y = 4
1 3
Equation of any line parallel to
x + y = 4 is x + y + = 0
1
Distance between x + y + = 0 and the origin is .
2
|00| 1 1
.
11 2 2
Since x + y 4 = 0 and x + y + = 0 are on the same side of the origin.
1 1
. Hence the equation is x y 0
2 2
5. (D)
Point (1, 2) lies on the given line 3(1) 2(2) + 1 = 0
Hence its image in the line is the point itself. Option (D) is correct
6. (D)
x y
Given that equation of AB is x cos + y sin = p 1
p p
cos sin
p p
i.e., a , b
cos sin y

p p B
co-ordinates of A ,0 and B 0,
cos sin
H(x1, y1)
p p
co-ordinates of midpoint of AB, M , (x1, y1 )
2cos 2sin
p p p x
i.e., x 1 cos and sin O A
2cos 2x1 2y1
But cos2 + sin2 = 1
p2 p2 p2 1 1
1 2 2 2 2 1
4x1 4y1 4 x1 y1
1 1 4
Locus of (x1, y1) is 2
2 2
x y p

1P/XI1617MMB3S 3
7. (D)
Let vertex C be (h, k) then the centroid of ABC is
2 2 h 3 3 k h k
, or ,
3 3 3 3
h k 2h 3k
Given , lies on 2x + 3y = 1 1
3 3 3 3
2h + 3k = 3. Locus is 2x + 3y = 3
8. (C)
(3, 4) is the midpoint of PQ
(0, 4)
a 0 b0 Q
, (3, 4) a = 6, b = 8
2 2
A(3, 4)
x y
The equation is 1
6 8
4x 3y
1 4x + 3y = 24 P(6, 0)
24
9. (B)
Let the co-ordinates of axes be A (a, 0) and B(0, b)
Given P(5, 4) divides AB in the ratio 1 : 2
1(0) 2(a) 1(b) 2(0) 15 12
(5, 4) , a, b
3 3 2 1
15
Coordinates are ,0 and (0, 12)
2
12 15
Equation of the line passing through these axes is y 0 x
15 2

2
15y 12(2x 15) 15y 2 12x 12 15
5y = 8x 60 8x + 5y 60 = 0
10. (A)
Point of intersection is 2x 6y + 2 = 0
2x + 5y 9 = 0
11y + 11 = 0 ; 11y = 11 ; y = 1
2x + 5 9 = 0 x = 2 (2, 1)
1
Slope m
0
1
Required line is (y 1) (x 2) x = 2
0
11. (B)
Put k = 1, 2 to get 3x + 2y = 12 and 4x + 3y = 19
The lines are not parallel
Solving them we get 12x + 8y = 48
12x + 9y = 57
y = 9
3x = 12 18 = 6 x = 2
(x ,y) = (2, 9) Lines pass through the point (2, 9)
12. (D)
3a + 2b + 4c = 0 4 through out
3 2
a b c 0 which shows that for all values of a, b, c each member of the set of lines
4 4
3 1
a, b, c each member of the set of lines ax + by + c = 0 passes through the point ,
4 2

1P/XI1617MMB3S 4
13. (B)
(a b, a + b) and (a + b, a b) = (a b a b) 2 (a b a b)2 [using distance formula]
2 2 2 2 2
= (2b) (2b) = 4b 4b 8b = 2 2 b.
14. (A)
Let A (1, 1), B (1, 1) and C ( 3 , 3 )
AB = 22 22 = 8 =2 2
BC = (1 3) (1 3)2
2

= 1 3 2 3 1 3 2 3 = 8 =2 2
2 2
AC = ( 3 1) ( 3 1)

= 3 1 2 3 3 1 2 3 = 8 =2 2
AB = BC = AC It is an equilateral triangle.
15. (D)
Let A (3, 2), B (7, 6), C (1, 2) and D (5, 6)
AB = 42 42 = 16 16 = 4 2
BC = 82 42 = 64 16 = 80
CD = (4) 2 ( 8)2 = 16 64 = 80
2 2
AD = (8) (8) = 64 64 = 128 .
16. (D)
Let A (2, 1), B (4, 1), C (2, 3). Let D = (x, y)
Now, midpoint of AC = midpoint of BD
4 x 1 y
(0, 1) = , x = 4 and y = 1
2 2
D = (4, 1).
17. (D)
In centre
a(0) b(a) 0 a 2 b 2 a(b) b(0) 0 a 2 b 2
= ,
a b a 2 b2 a b a 2 b2

ab ab
= ,
2 2 2 2
a b a b a b a b
Sum of the sides (perimeter) = a + b + a 2 b2 .
Answer must be (D).
18. (D)
3(5) 4( 1) 3( 7) 4(2) 11 13
3 4
,
3 4 = 7, 7 .

19. (D)
Let B (2, 3), C (3, 4) and G (5, 1) and A(x, y)
2 3 x 3 4 y
G , = [5, 1]
3 3
x 1 y7
= 5 and = 1
3 3
x 1 = 15 and y + 7 = 3
x = 14 and y = 10 A (14, 10).
20. (D)
A = (2, 5), B = (3, 1)
Here, P and Q are points of trisection.
P divides AB in the ratio 1 : 2 internally

1P/XI1617MMB3S 5
 1(3) 2( 2) 1(1) 2(5) 1 11
P , = ,
1 2 1 2 3 3
Q is midpoint of PB
1 11
3 3 3 1 4 7
Q , = , .
2 2 3 3

21. (C)
P (1, 2), Q (4, 6), R (5, 7) and S (a, b).
Midpoint of PR coincides with midpoint of QS
1 5 2 7 4a 6b
, ,
2 2 2 2
4a 6 6b 9
= and =
2 2 2 2
4 + a = 6 and 6 + b = 9 ; a = 2 and b = 3.
22. (C)
AC = 2BC AB + BC 2BC AB = AC
A = (3, 4), B = (2, 1), C = (x, y)
Now, midpoint of AC is B
3 x 4 y
, (2, 1) x = 7, y = 2
2 2
23. (B)
(a, b + c), (b, c + a) and (c, a + b)
1
Area of triangle = [a(c + a a b) + b(a + b b c) + c(b + c c a)]
2
1
= [ac ab + ab ac + bc ab] = 0.
2
24. (D)
Given distance of P(x, y) from y-axis = 3. (distance of P(x, y) from x-axis)
2 2 2 2
|x| = 3|y| x = 9y x 9y = 0
25. (C)
Let P(x, y) be a point on the locus.
Let A (3, 0). Given AP2 = 7
(x 3)2 + y2 = 7 x2 + y2 6x + 2 = 0
26. (A)
Let A (1, 2), B (3, 5), C (x, y) be the vertex.
1 35
AB = (3 1) 2 (5 2) 2 = 16 9 = 5. Altitude = 7 = 57=
2 2
1 35
{1(5 y) + 3(y 2) + x(2 5)] =
2 2
5 + y + 3y 6 3x = 35
3x + 4y 46 = 0 3x 4y + 46 = 0.
27. (C)
A (0, 7), B (0, 1)
Let P(x, y) be any point on the locus
Given PA = 3PB PA2 = 9 PB2
x2 + (y 7)2 = 9[x2 + (y 1)2]
x2 + y2 14y + 49 = 9[x2 + y2 2y + 1]
8x2 + 8y2 4y 40 = 0
2x2 + 2y2 y 10 = 0.

1P/XI1617MMB3S 6
28. (D)
Let P(x, y) be any point
Distance of P from x-axis = |y|
Distance of P from y-axis = |x|
2 2
Now x y 3

locus is x2 + y2 = 3.
29. (D)
A = (1, 5), B = (2, 4). Let P(x, y) be any point on the perpendicular bisector of AB
AP = BP AP2 = BP2
(x + 1)2 + (y 5)2 = (x 2)2 + (y 4)2
x2 + 1 + 2x + y2 + 25 10y
= x2 + 4 4x + y2 + 16 8y
6x 2y + 6 = 0 3x y + 3 = 0
30. (C)
Let A = (4, 5), B = (1, 2)
Let (x, y) be the point, then ; AP2 BP2 = 7
[(x 4)2 (y 5) 2 ] [(x 1)2 (y 2) 2 ] 7
x 2 8x 16 y 2 10y 25 x 2 2x 1 y 2 4y 4 7 10x 6y + 29 = 0 10x + 6y 29 = 0.
31. (D)
13
S = midpoint of QR = ,1
2 P (2, 2)

Slope of PS is
1 2 2
=
13 9
2
2
Q (6, 1) R (7, 3)
Hence, the required line through (1, 1) parallel to S 13 , 1

2 2
PS is y + 1 = ( x 1) 2x + 9y + 7 = 0.
9
32. (D)
The line perpendicular to 3x + y 3 = 0 is x 3y + = 0.
It passes through the point (2, 2)
2 6 + = 0 i.e. = 4
Equation of line is x 3y + 4 = 0
4
Putting x = 0, we get y = (y-intercept).
3
33. (B)
Intercepts on x and y axes are zeroes.
line passes through origin and perpendicular to 3x + 4y + 6 = 0
4x 3y = 0 is the required line.
34. (C)
a = 2k, b = 3k
Equation of the line is
x y x y
1 1 3x + 2y = 6k
a b 2k 3k
It passes through (4, 3) 3(4) + 2(3) = 6k k = 1
Equation of the line is 3x + 2y = 6

1P/XI1617MMB3S 7
35. (A)
96 3
Slope of the line joining A(2, 6) and B(5, 9) = .
5 2 7
7
Therefore, slope of the line perpendicular to AB = .
3
7 y4 7
Therefore, equation of the line passing through (3, 4) and whose slope is is
3 x3 3
3y + 12 = 7x + 21 or 7x + 3y 9 = 0.
36. (C)
1
We know that slope is m = tan tan150
3
Equation of the line is y y1 = m(x x1)
1
y3 (x 2) y 3 3 3 x 2 x y 3 3 3 2 0 .
3
37. (C)
4 1 1 4 4
Put x 0 y put y = 0 x = 2 Area of the triangle is (x intercept) (y intercept) . 2 .
3 2 2 3 3
38. (B)
x y
Let the equation be 1 Then it meets the axes at the points A(a, 0) and B(0, b).
a b
2a 3b
The co-ordinates of the point that divides the line AB in the ratio 3 : 2 are , = (4, 7)
5 5
2a 3b 35
4 a 10 and 7b
5 5 3
x y x 3y
Therefore, the required equation is 1 1 7x 6y 70 7x 6y 70 0 .
10 35 10 35
3
39. (A)
Line parallel to 2x 5y = 7 is 2x 5y + k = 0 it passes through (4, 0).
Therefore, 2(4) + k = 0 k = 8
Therefore, its equation is 2x 5y + 8 = 0.
40. (A)
Slopes of the lines are equal and constants are different parallel but not coincident.
41. (C)
4 7
Slope of 4x 7y 2 0 is and slope of 7x 4y 5 0 is , their product is 1
7 4
Therefore, they are perpendicular and do not pass through origin.
42. (D)
Because the intercepts are a and b.
43. (B)
Point of intersection of 4x + 5y = 0 and 7x + 2y = 0 is (0, 0).
Diagonal must pass through (0, 0)
Answer must be (A) or (B)
Here slope of the diagonal is negative.
(B) is the answer.
44. (D)
Line is parallel to y-axis if coefficient of y = 0.
3=0=3
45. (C)
On solving the equations, we get the vertices as
A (3, 3), B (1, 1), C (1, 1), D (2, 2)
1P/XI1617MMB3S 8
 m1 = slope of AC = 1, m2 = slope of BD = 1
m1 m2 = 1 the angle between the diagonals is 90
46. (D)
a1b 2 a 2 b1 2(1) 1(3) 1 1
tan
a1a 2 b1b 2 23 5 5
47. (B)
a ab
Slope of ax + by + c = 0 is m1 (say) Slope of (a + b) x (a b) y = 0 is m2
b ab
a ab

m m2 b ab
tan 1
1 m1m 2 a a b
1
b a b
a 2 ab ab b 2
b(a b)
1 45
ab b 2 a 2 ab
b(a b)
Aliter:
Taking a = b = c = 1
The lines become
x + y + 1 = 0 and x = 0
1 = 45, 2 = 90 = 45
48. (C)
Equation of the line joining (4, 1) and (5, 2) is
y 1 2 1
= .
x4 54
y + 1 = 3x 12 3x y 13 = 0.
9 13 22
Length of perpendicular from (3, 0) to 3x y 13 = 0 is = .
9 1 10
49. (D)
Let 3x + 4y 8 = 0 ... (1)
Length of the perpendicular to (1) from (2, 3) and (4, a) are equal
3(2) 4(3) 8 3(4) 4(a) 8

9 16 9 16
10 = |4a 20| 4a 20 = 10
15 5
a= or a =
2 2
50. (B)
x y 1
4 2 3 4
3 11 4 3
x y 1 x y 1
,
44 6 8 33 9 16 50 41 7
50 41 50 41
x ,y . Therefore, the point of intersection = , .
7 7 7 7
51. (A)
3rd and 4th alternatives are eliminated as they are not perpendicular to given line.
Point of intersection of 2x + 3y 1 = 0 and 3x + 4y 6 = 0
4 18 12 3 9
x= = 14 and y = = = 9.
89 89 1
Line in the first alternative passes through (14, 9)
1P/XI1617MMB3S 9
52. (A)
Equation of the required line is
(3x + 4y 7) + (2x 5y + 8) = 0
(3 + 2)x + (4 5)y + (8 7) = 0
It is parallel to x 3y + 5 = 0
3 2 4 5

1 3
9 6 = 4 5 = 13
Equation of the line is 23x + 69y 111 = 0
23x 69y + 111 = 0
53. (A)
k 4 1
Three lines are concurrent if 5 3 1 = 0
8 22 6

k(18 + 22) 4(30 + 8) + 1(110 + 24) = 0

222 111
40k + 88 + 134 = 0 k = k= .
40 20
Alternately,
Solving 4x 3y 22 = 0 and x y 6 = 0
We get x = 40 and y = 46
111
Substituting in, kx + 5y + 8 = 0, we get k =
20
54. (B)
7x + 3y + 4 = 0 (1)
Substituting x = 2, y = 3 in LHS of equation (1) we get, 18 9 = 9 > 0
Substituting x = 1, y = 0 in the LHS of equation (1) we get 7 + 4 = 3 < 0
A and B lie on opposite sides of the line.
55. (B)
5 1 7 1
Let the ratio be : 1, then , lies on x + y = 4. On substituting we get,
1 1
1
51+7+1=4+48=4 =
2
Aliter: Equation of the line x + y 4 = 0
(ax1 by1 c) ( 1 1 4) 1
=
(ax 2 by 2 c) (5 7 4) 2
56. (C)
If the sides are a, b, c respectively, then a2 + b2 = 25 ( x2 + y2) + 48 xy
c2 = 25 (x2 + y2) + 50 xy
Clearly a2 + b2 < c2. x and y are both positive.
a 2 b 2 c2
cos C = = negative. Hence, C is obtuse.
2ab
57. (A)
Let (x, y) be the point on the locus.
(x 1) 2 (y 2) 2 (x 4) 2 (y 7)2
x 2 2x 1 y 2 4y 4 x 2 16 8x y 2 14y 49
6x + 10y 60 = 0 3x + 5y 30 = 0.

1P/XI1617MMB3S 10
58. (C)
9 5 7
Slope of BC = m1
73 5
7
Slope of line parallel to BC m 2
5
7
Equation of the required line is y 3 x 1
5
7x 5y 8
59. (D)
0 0 1
p
1 1
2
2
a b
1 1 1

p2 a 2 b2
1 b2 a 2 a 2 b2
2
2 2 p2 2
p a b b a2
a 2 b2
a2, p2, b2 are in A.P. p2 =
2
a 2 b2 b2a 2
2
2 a b2
a 2 b2 2 2a 2 b2 a4 + b4 = 0
60. (A)
y = mx + c
y = (tan )x + c
3
y= x3
5
5y 3x + 15 = 0
61. (C)
Equation of line with intercepts, a, b on the axes
1

x y b
1 slope m1 a
a b 1 a

b
Equation of line with intercepts b, a on axes
1

x y a
1 slope m 2 b
b a 1 b

a
62. (D)
x y
(2, 3) and (4, 5) lie on 1
a b
2 3
1
a b
and by solving we get
4 5
1
a b
a = 1, b = 1
(a, b) = (1, 1)
63. (A)
100 30

20 15 17 17 130
Point of intersection is , and its distance from the line 5x 2y = 0 is
17 17 25 4 17 29

1P/XI1617MMB3S 11
64. (A)
Let m be the slope of required line
m1 = m
Slope of 3x y 1
m2 = 3 , = 60
(3, 2)
m1 m 2
tan
1 m1m 2
m 3 60 60
3
1 m 3
3x y 1
m 3 m 3
3 3
1 m 3 1 m 3
4m = 0 2m = 2 3
m=0 m= 3
When m = 0
line is y (2) = 0(x 3)
y+2=0
When m = 3
line is
y (2) = 3 x 3
3x y 2 3 3 0
65. (B)
66. (A)
a b
M(3, 2) = ,
2 2
a = 6, b = 4
x y
line is 1
6 4
2x + 3y = 12
67. (B)
Equation of PM : x + 3y 11 = 0 P(2, 3)
Foot M is intersection of y = 3x + 4
and x + 3y 11 = 0
1 37 M
M ,
10 10 y = 3x + 4
68. (C)
Let P(, ) be the point equidistant from given lines
4 3 10 5 12 26 72 24 50

2 2 2
4 3 5 12
2 7 2 242

Now, the point (0, 0) satisfies, it makes each distance 2.

(C)
69. (B)
025 3
d1
32 4 2 5
0 2 5 7
d2
32 4 2 5
d1 3

d2 7

1P/XI1617MMB3S 12
70. (C)
2 h 2 k
G(0, 0) = ,
2 1 2 1
h k A(h, k)
,
2 2
(, ) lies on x + y 2 = 0
+2=0
h k G(0, 0)
20
2 2
B C
h k 4 = 0 D (, )
h+k+4=0 (1) x+y2=0
Triangle is equilateral
AG BC
Slope of AG Slope of BC = 1
k 0
1 1
h 0
k=h (2)
From (1) and (2)
(h, k) (2, 2)

Self Assessment Test - 1A

1. (C)
Using distance formula,
(a b 1) 2 (b a 1) 2 (a b 1) 2 (a b 1)2
b 2 a 2 1 2ab 2a 2b a 2 b 2 1 2ab 2b 2a
4a = 4b a = b
Y
2. (D)
B
Perimeter = OA + OB + AB
=2+ 2 1 2

X
O 1 A
3. (A)
Using the given options, we can verify the midpoints of sides. Answer is (A)
4. (C)
9
Midpoint of diagonal AC = 3,
2
4a 6b
Midpoint of diagonal BD = ,
2 2
4a 6b 9
3 and a = 2, b = 3
2 2 2
5. (B)
a 2a 3a b 2b 3b
Centroid = , = (2a, 2b)
3 3
6. (B)
2x + 3y = 6
y 0 x 3

x 0 y 2
1
Triangle has vertices (0, 0), (3, 0) and (0, 2). Area = .3.2 3 sq. units.
2

1P/XI1617MMB3S 13
7. (B)
Let (x, y) be a point on the locus. By the given condition,
x 2 y 2 2 x x 2 y 2 4x 2 3x 2 y 2 0
8. (A)
1
Area = base altitude
2
1 1
Area of ABC = {3( 1 2) 4(2 0) 5(0 1)} = {9 8 5} = 11
2 2
BC = (5 4) 2 (2 1)2 10
22
Altitude =
10
9. (A)
Let P(x, y) be the moving point. Then by distance formula,
{x (a + b)}2 + {y (a b)}2
= {x (a b)}2 + {y (a + b)}2 x = y
10. (C)
Knowledge based. For example, x-axis and y-axis are two perpendicular lines.
Let P(x, y) be any point then x + y = 1 is a straight line
11. (C)
Let P (x, y) be the moving point.
Without loss of generality, let the two fixed points be A (0, 0) and B (a, 0)
PA2 = kPB2 x2 + y2 = k {(x a)2 + y2}
x2 (1 k2) + y2 (1 k2) + 2kax ka2 = 0 which is a circle
12. (A)
Mid-point of the join of (4, 6) and (8, 8) (2, 7);
86 1
slope =
8 4 6
Slope of perpendicular line = 6
Equation is y 7 = 6 (x 2) 6x + y = 19
13. (D)
Area of the triangle formed
1
[7(3 5) 2(5 m) 1(m 3)]
2
1
(m 69) 0 m = 69
2
14. (C)
Any line perpendicular to the x-axis is, x = k
Since it passes through ( 2, 3), the required equation is x = 2
15. (D)
x y
Intercepts are a and b Equation is 1
a b
16. (A)
96 3
Slope of the given line =
5 2 7
7
Slope of the required line =
3
Options (C) and (D) can be ruled out. Further, (3, 4) lies on (A).
17. (B)
3
Slope of the given line =
5

1P/XI1617MMB3S 14
 5
Slope of the required line =
3
All the options satisfy this condition. But only (B) passes through (1, 1).
18. (C)
a ab
m1 , m2
b ab
ab a

ab b 2 a 2 ab
tan = a b b = = | 1|
1
ab a
. ab b 2 a 2 ab
ab b
= 1 = 45
19. (B)
cos cos
m1 cot and m 2 cot
sin sin
cot cot
tan =
1 cot cot
tan tan
= | tan ( ) |
1 tan tan
=
20. (D)
x y
Equation of the line is 1
a b
1
Length of perpendicular from (0, 0) = p =
1 1

a 2 b2
1 1 1 1
= 2 2 2
1 1 a b p

a 2 b2
21. (C)
AD = length of perpendicular from A on BC
A (2, 1)
2 1 2 1
=
11 2
Let AB = a
2 2
a 1 3a 2 1 2
Then a 2 a=
2 2 4 2 3 B D C

22. (D)
y

p = a cos , p = b sin
p2 p2
2 2 cos 2 sin 2 1
a b b p

O x
a
23. (B)
2b b
Slope of AD = , slope of BE =
a a
2b b 2 2
AD BE . 1 a = 2b
a a
24. (B)
2at1 0
Slope of the line joining (a, 0) and at12 , 2at1
at12 a
2at 2
Slope of the line joining (a, 0) and at 22 , 2at 2
at 22 a
1P/XI1617MMB3S 15
 2at1 2at 2 2at1
t1t 2 1
at12 a at 22 at12
25. (B)
Let P divide AB in the ratio k : 1 By Section Formula,
5k 1 7k 1
P , P lies on x + y = 4
k 1 k 1
5k 1 7k 1 1
4 k= Ratio = 1 : 2
k 1 k 1 2
26. (D)
x y x y
Equation of the line through the intersection of the given lines is 1 k 1 0
a b b a
Put x = 0, y = 0. Then k = 1.
x y x y
Equation is, 1 1 0
a b b a
1 1 1 1
x y 0 x y = 0
a b b a
27. (D)
Let the perpendicular lines be the x and y axes.
By Section Formula, A (o, b)

a b a b
(x, y) = , x = ,y= p (x, y)
3 3 3 3
2 2
a b 9
x 2 y2 1, B
9 9
X
a 2 b 2 32 O (a, o)

28. (D)
Solving 2x + 3y + 4 = 0 and x + 4y + 1 = 0 we get
13 2
x= and y =
5 5
13 2 13 12
Put x = and y = in x 6y + a = 0 we get a 0 a = 5
5 5 5 5
29. (D)
3(2) 4(3) 8 3(4) 4(a) 8
Given
2 2
3 4 32 42
15 5
10 |4a 20| 4a 20 = 10 or 4a 20 = 10 a = or a =
2 2
30. (C)
Note : A triangle having integral co-ordinates, as vertices cannot be equilateral.
Let A (2, 5), B (3, 4), C (7, 10)
AB = (3 2) 2 (4 5) 2 = 25 81 = 106 .
BC = (7 3) 2 (10 4)2 = 16 196 = 212 .
2 2
AC = (7 2) (10 5) = 81 25 = 106 .
2 2 2
AC =AB and AC + AB = BC It is a right angled, isosceles triangle.

Self Assessment Test 1B

1. (B)
AB 4 5,BC 5 5,CA 3 5. Right angled at A. So A i the orthocenter. AB + BC = 3 AC
3AC C A
AB BC 2, (C) is true. If in a triangle c + a = 3b, cot cot 2, (B) is not true.
2 2 2

1P/XI1617MMB3S 16
2. (C)
2x 1 11 2y 3 13
, x 5, y 5.
2 2 2 2
3. (D)

AB 2i j,AC 6i 1 j.

AB.AC 0 12 2 0
4 3 0
3 4.
A, B, C will be collinear if 2 1 6 0.
1
We get . This has to be excluded.
4
4. (B)
4, 3, 16, 49 give right angled triangles

5. (B) (a + c, b)
C c c
Circumradius a ,a
2 2
2

(a, b) (a, b + c)

6. (D)
1
The area must be of the form (integer). So it cannot be 0.2
2
7. Ans (B)
f (1 1) f (1)f (1) f (2) 9 So f (3) 27, f (4) 81 Area = 81 = f (4)

8. (B)
A(2, 3)
Let AC : CB m : n
6m 2n 5m 3n
C , (, 0)
mn mn
C(, 0)
18n
2n
3n
So, 5m 3n, m 5 1
5 3n
n B(6, 5)
5
We note that AC CB AB and the minimum value is got when A, C, B are collinear.
B (5, 6)
9. (C)
A(2, 3)
Let B(5, 6) be the image of B on the x-axis. Let AB meet the x-axis at C (, 0).
Now AC CB AC CB is minimum.
5m 2n
Let AC : CB m : n so 6m 3n 0 and O C (, 0)
mn
Putting n = 2m, we get = 3.
B (5, 6)
10. (B)
Let us calculate the area of ABC, PBC, PCA, PAB in anticlockwise direction. The algebraic signs must be same.
10 7 8
B
7 5 1 0
3 1 9 (7, 5)

x y 1
5 7
7 5 1 0 2x 3y 1 0 A ,
P (x, y) 4 8
3 1 9
C 5 7
,
4 8
1P/XI1617MMB3S 17
 x y 1
3 1 9 0 5x 6y 1 0
10 7 8
x y 1
10 7 8 0 x 2y 3 0
7 5 1

11. (A)
Any point on x 2 y is (, 2).
1
2 3 2 1 0 1 or
3
3
2 2 3 0 1
2
1 1
5 6 2 1 0 or
3 2
3 1
So , 1 ,1
2 2
= 0 is not in this interval.
12. (C)
OP 2 OQ 2 2 is easy to see. R is the midpoint of PQ
cos15 sin15 sin 75 sin15 2cos 45 sin 30 1

2 2 2 2 2
sin 25 cos 25 sin 25 sin 65
2cos 45 sin 20 2 sin 20
2 2
13. (B)
(A) is clearly true. The points are equidistant from (1, 29). This is the circumcentre. The points lie on a circle. (C) is true.
If H is the orthocenter, G is the centroid, S is the circumcentre, then HG : GS = 2 : 1 internally.
So H is (2, 72).
14. (A)
A = (4, 0), B = (1, 1), C = (3, 5)
AB 26, BC 52, AC 26

AB2 AC 2 BC2 and AB AC

15. (C)
7
The other vertices are (3, 3) and (5, 3). Centroid = 1,
3
16. (C)
C (2, 1)
As h = 1
Area = 1 1
other side = 2.
So k 1 2 or 1 2 . B (1, 1) A (h, k)

17. (B)
Let the vertex be (, ).
Let (x 1 , y1 ) be the centroid.
3x 1 and 3y1 2

But 2 3 9 6x 9y 6 9 2x 3y 1

1P/XI1617MMB3S 18
18. (D)
3 3
3x 4y 3 (3x 4y 3) 0 0,
4 4
19. (A) (2, 3)
(19)(8 21 19) 0
7(16 25 7) 0 4x 5y + 7 = 0
4x + y 11 = 0
11( 12 1 11) 0

O lies inside the triangle.

(3, 1)
(4, 5)
20. (D) 4x + 7y + 19 = 0
p1p 2 2a a
Area , p1 , p 2 and
sin 5 5
4 3

7
tan 3 4
2 24
7 2a 2
We get sin and area
25 7
21. (B)
3 10 2(6 10 6)
The image of (3, 10) on 2x y 6 0 is 5, 6 .
2 1 5
The line joining (5, 6) and (7, 2) is x 3y 13 0
22. (C)
1 3 5
Mid-point of BC , 1 and median
2 2
23. (D)
Since AB AD 15, ABCD must be a rhombus.
5 5
The midpoint of BD is ,
2 2
Hence C must be (11, 2). The equation of CD is y = 2.
7
The circumcentre must lie on the perpendicular bisector of CD and the equation is x
2
7
Thus, and 2 11 4
2
24. (D)
1 3
6,
2
1
pq 9

25. (A)
Point of intersection = (1, 1).
The required line is the line of the family perpendicular to the join of (1, 1) and (4, 3)
1 2 4 13
So, 1 4 8 9 9
3(1 ) 3 17
26 39 65
The line is x 1 y 3 4 0
17 17 17
We get 3x 4y 1 0.
26. (A)
(5x y 8) tan Q (4x 3y 14) 0

1P/XI1617MMB3S 19
 The lines pass through the intersection of 5x y 8 0 and 4x 3y 14 0
The point is (2, 2).
27. (A)
1 1 1
2
m 2m 2 5 0 gives m3 4m 2 5m 6 0
1
m2 2m 5 0
(m 3) (m 2 m 2) 0 m 3 is the only real root.

But for m = 3, the lines are parallel.

28. (B)
The line is x sin 15 y cos 15 = 0.
Let (, ) be the image.
cos75 sin 75 2(cos75 sin15 sin 75 cos15)

sin15 cos15 1
cos75 3 sin15, sin 75 3 cos15
1
( 3 1) sin15
2
1
(1 3)cos15
2
29. (D)
3x1 4y1 7 4x1 3y1 7
7
5 5
7x y 14 35 7x y 49
7x y 14 35 7x y 21
x 7y 35, x 7y 35 These form a square.

30. (C)
The image of (x1, y1) on x y 2 0 is given by
x1 y1 2(x1 y1 2)

1 1 2
So = 2 y1 and = 2 x1
Thus (x, y) (2 y, 2 x)
Image of y2 = 4x is (2 x)2 = 4(2 y)
This is a parabola.

Conic Sections
Quick Quiz
1. (A)
For a circle, coefficient x 2 and y 2 must be equal
Answer must be (A) or (D)
Since (A) passes through ( 3, 5) The answer is (A)
2. (B)
Equation is (x 2)2 + (y 1)2 = 0 x2 + y2 4x 2y + 5 = 0
3. (D)
4 1
Upon solving 2x 3y = 1 and 3x 2y = 2 we get x = and y =
5 5

1P/XI1617MMB3S 20
4. (B)
Given circle is 3x (x 2) + 3y (y + 1) = 4
3x2 + 3y2 6x + 3y 4 = 0
4 1 4
x2 + y2 2x + y 0 g = 1, f = , c =
3 2 3
2
1 4 1 4 31
radius = g 2 f 2 c = 12 = 1 =
2 3 4 3 12
5. (B)
The locus of point in a plane sum of whose distances from two fixed points is a constant, is an ellipse. The constant is length of
major axis.
6. (A)
Let P(x, y) be moving point
|PF1| + |PF2| = 10 > |F1F2| = 5 Therefore it is an ellipse.
7. (A)
x 2 y2
5x2 + 9y2 = 45 =1
9 5
a2 = 9, b2 = 5, a2 (1e2) = 5 a2 a2e2 = 5
a2e2 = a2 5 = 9 5 = 4
ae = 2 Distance between foci = 4.
8. (B)
x = 3(cost + sint) and y = 4(cost sint)
2
x 2 y2
(cos t sin t) (cos t sin t)2
3 16
x2 y2 x 2 y2
1 sin 2t 1 sin 2t 2 sin 2t sin 2t
9 16 9 16
x 2 y2
1 which is an ellipse.
18 32
9. (D)
(A) is wrong since the distance between the directrices must be less than the distance between the foci.
(B) it is wrong as the distance between the foci must be greater than the distance between the vertices.
2 2
(C) e = , is not true since 1
3 3
(D) e > 1,
Thus, (D) is the correct answer.
10. (A)
x2 y2 = 64 (sec2 tan2 ) = 64
a=8
e = 2 ( it is a rectangular hyperbola)
a 8
Distance = 2. = 2 = 8 2.
e 2

Exercise
1. (B)
Given circle is 3x2 + 3y2 12 x + 15y 23 = 0
23
Dividing by 3 we get, x2 + y2 4x + 5y =0
3
5 5
g = 2 and f = Centre (g, f) 2,
2 2

1P/XI1617MMB3S 21
2. (A)
Comparing the equation with (x x1) (x x2) + (y y1) (y y2) = 0, ends of diameter are (1, 3) and (2, 4).
Diameter = (2 1)2 (4 3) 2 2
3. (C)
Radius = 18 3 2
4. (B)
Here, a = 2a 3 a = 3
Equation of the circle becomes 3x2 + 3y2 4x 1 = 0
4 1
x2 + y2 x = 0
3 3
2 2
g= ,f=0 Centre is ,0
3 3
5. (D)
It represents a circle if = 0
The equation of the circle takes the form 2x2 + 2y2 4x + 6y 5 = 0
5
x2 + y2 2x + 3y = 0.
2
9 5 23
Radius = 1 =
4 2 2
6. (B)
Radius = distance between (2, 2) and (4, 5) is = 22 32 = 13
Equation of circle is (x 2)2 + (y 2)2 = 13
x2 + y2 4x 4y 5 = 0
7. (C)
Using diameter form of the circle
(x a) (x 0) + (y 0) (y b) = 0
x2 + y2 ax by = 0
8. (B)
Given that the circles are concentric.
Equation of the circle is
x2 + y2 + 6x + 8y + c = 0 (1)
As (3, 2) lies on (1), 9 + 4 18 + 16 + c = 0 c = 11
9. (D)
9 15
Required circle is concentric with the given circle, and has radius = +3=
2 2 3
Equation of the circle is x2 + y2 + 3x 6y + c = 0 9/2
15 9 15
we have, radius = 9c =
2 4 2
45 225 45 225
c= c= = 45
4 4 4
The equation is x2 + y2 + 3x 6y 45 = 0
10. (A)
Centre of the circle is (3, 1)
It satisfies x + 3y = 0 Equation of diameter is x + 3y = 0
Aliter
All the lines in the alternatives pass through the origin.
The required diameter passes through (0, 0) and the centre (3, 1)
y0 1 0
Equation is = 3y = x x + 3y = 0
x0 3 0

1P/XI1617MMB3S 22
 y
11. (A)
A = (a, 0), B = (0, b) (0, b) B
2 2
Diameter = AB = a b
x
O A(a, 0)

12. (D)
1 Y
The points of intersection of 2x y + 1 = 0 with the axes are ,0 and (0, 1).
2
3 B (0, 1)
The points of intersection of x + y 3 = 0 and the axes are (3, 0), 0, .

The points are concyclic if OA . OC = OB . OD. X
A O C (3, 0)
1 3 (1/2, 0)
.3=1. or || = 2.
2 D (0, 3/)

As must be negative according to the geometrical situation, = 2

13. (D)
Equation of circle with (4, 3), (12, 1) as ends of diameter is
(x + 4) (x 12) + (y 3) (y + 1) = 0
x2 + y2 8x 2y 51 = 0 g = 4, f = 1, c = 51
Length of the intercept on y-axis = 2 f 2 c = 2 1 51 = 2 52 = 4 13
14. (D)
Circle touches both the axes centre (1, 1) and radius = 1
Equation is (x 1)2 + (y 1)2 = 1
x2 + y2 = 2x + 2y 1 y

15. (C)
The given circle is x2 + y2 = 4. Its centre and radius are respectively (0, 0) and 2.
Let the chord AB subtend a right angle at the centre O (origin) and A C B
C(h, k) is the mid point of chord. x
O
AOC 45 AOC will be an isosceles right angled triangle.
OC OC 1
cos 45 OC 2 2
OA 2 2
h 2 k 2 2 . Its locus is x2 + y2 = 2.
16. (D)
Centre of the circle is (1, 2).
Since the sides are parallel to axes, the x coordinates or the y coordinates of the vertices cannot be 1 or 2 respectively.
17. (A)
Equation of circle is x(x ) + (y 1) (y ) = 0
x2 + y2 x + y( 1) + = 0
It cuts x axis at (x, 0) x2 x + = 0
Comparing with x2 5x + 3 = 0 we get, = 5 and = 3
18. (A)
Equation of circle in general form is x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0
It passes through (2, 0) 4g + c = 4 (1)
It passes through (0, 1) 2f + c = 1 (2)
It passes through (4, 0) 8g + c = 16 (3)
Solving the above equations we get, the equation of circle as:
x2 + y2 6x 9y + 8 = 0 this passes through (0, a)
a2 9a + 8 = 0 (a 8) (a 1) = 0 a = 8.

1P/XI1617MMB3S 23
19. (C)
Centre of the circle is C (1, 2), mid point of chord is P (1, 3)
3 2
Slope of C P = = . Slope of chord = 0
0
Equation of chord is y 3 = 0(x 1) y 3 = 0
20. (A)
Centre (2, 2), radius = 5
2 2 c
= 5 |c| = 5 2 c2 = 50
11
21. (B)
sin cos sin cos
Centroid of OAB = ,
3 3
sin cos sin cos
x= , y=
3 3
Eliminating , we get
(3x)2 + (3y)2 = (sin + cos )2 + (sin cos )2 9x2 + 9y2 = 2
22. (C)
Let C be the centre of the given circle and A(0, 5) be the point.
CA = 52 122 = 13 units
But the radius = 15 units.
Shortest distance = 15 13 = 2 units.
23. (B)
The distance between the parallel lines 3x 4y + 4 = 0 and
7
4
7
3x 4y = 0 is the length of the diameter = 2 3
2 9 16 2

24. (D)
The equation of the smallest circle is the circle with (2, 2) and (3, 3) as the ends of a diameter whose equation is
(x 2) (x 3) + (y 2) (y 3) = 0 x 2 y2 5x 5y 12 0
25. (C)
Radius r = r distance of (2, 2) from the line 2x y + 3 = 0
2.2 2 3
5 , area = r2 = 5
4 1
26. (C)
Length of latus rectum = 4a and equation of directrix is x + a = 0.
27. (D)

Line with inclination has its slope equal to 1.
4
Focus of y 2 4x is (1, 0). x y 1 = 0 passes through (1, 0).
28. (D)
2
y
(x 2) y 2 4(x 2)
2
29. (A)
(at 12 , 2at1) and (at 22 , 2at2) are two given points.
x1 x2 + y1y2 = a2t 12 t 22 + 4a2t1t2 = a2(1) + 4a2(1)
= 3a2 t1t2 = 1.

1P/XI1617MMB3S 24
30. (C)
The line in the third alternative passes through (2, 3).
31. (A)
Ratio of the radii of the two circles is a : ae 1 : e.
32. (D)
x 2 y2 2b 2
1, a 2 4, b2 3 , length of latus rectum is 3.
4 3 a
33. (A)
Since 0 < e < 1. Answer must be (A).
34. (D)
Since the foci are (1, 0), a must be greater than b. And as e < 1, (D) is the answer. OR
a
Given ae = 1 and e = 1 a 2 a2 = 4
2
35. (B)
Sum of the focal distances of any point on the ellipse is equal to length of the major axis.
36. (B)
x 2 y2
If the major axis is y-axis, then b > a, b 3, a 2 1.
4 9
37. (A)
1 1 3 27 3 3
a 3, e b2 9 1 9 . semi minor axis .
2 4 4 4 2
38. (B)
1
2 ae = 16, e = a = 16, length of the major axis is 2a = 32.
2
39. (C)
b
STB is equilateral, tan 60 =
ae
3 ae = b b2 = a2 (1 e2)
3a2e2 = a2(1 e2) 3e2 = 1 e2
1 1
e2 = , e =
4 2
40. (C)
2b 2 1
= 8, e = , b2 = 4a
a 2
1
a2(1 e2) = 4a a2 1 = 4a a2 = 8a
2
a=8 b2 = 32
x 2 y2
Its equation is = 1 or x2 + 2y2 = 64.
64 32
41. (A)
2 > 0, 5 > 0 > 2 and > 5 > 5
42. (D)
x 2 y2 a 2 b2 5
1 ; e .
4 1 a 2
43. (B)
x 2 y2 a 2 b2 16 9 5
1 , e
16 9 a2 16 4
2b 2 2 9 18
Foci are ( 5, 0) . Length of L.R. is 4.5 .
a 4 4

1P/XI1617MMB3S 25
44. (D)
1 1
As e 2 , this is a rectangular hyperbola and 2ae 1, a b.
2 2 8
45. (C)
x2 y2 32 8 2
Equation is 1 T.A. 2
32 8 3 3

3
46. (A)
The foci S(ae, 0) and S/(ae, 0) are (3, 0) and (3, 0) ae = 3
| PS PS/ | 2a 4 a 2
3 9
e , b 2 a 2 e 2 1 4 1 5
2 4
x 2 y2
1 is the equation of the hyperbola.
4 5
47. (D)
1 2 1 1
x 2 y2 2
t 2 2 t 2 2
4 t t

x2 y2 = 1 is the equation of rectangular hyperbola.

48. (A)
x 2 y2
Given hyperbola is 1 , |PS PS1 | 2a 2 6
6 8
49. (D)
Let F be the focus and its coordinates be (a, 0). The directrix passes through O(0, 0). The vertex (2, 0) is the midpoint at OF.
a0
Therefore, 2 a 4 . Hence focus is (4, 0)
2
50. (B)
If P(x, y) be a point on y2 = 4ax, its focal distance is x + a. Therefore, if P is on y2 = 8x, the focal distance is x + 2 = 4,
x = 2 and y2 = 8(2) = 16 y = 4.
The coordinates of the point are (2, 4)
51. (A)
x 2 y2
1, a2 = 16, b2 = 9, c2 = 16 9 = 7 Foci are ( 7 ,0) .
16 9

The circle passes through 7, 0
Radius is ( 7 0) 2 (0 3) 2 7 9 16 4
52. (A)
In the right angled triangle S1BS2 , S1BS2 90

S1S2 is the hypotenuse B(0, 6)

c c2
e e2 2
a a
Coordinates of S1 and S2 are (c, 0) and B is (0, b)
S2 O S1
b
Slope of BS1 (m1 ) ,
c
b
Slope of BS2 (m 2 )
c
m1m2 = 1
b2
2 1 b 2 c 2 = a2e2
c
1 1
a2 c2 = a2e2 a2(1 e2) = a2e2 2a2e2 = a2 e 2 e
2 2

1P/XI1617MMB3S 26
53. (B)
1 a
e c
2 2
a
x 4 4 a.2 = 4 a = 2
e
c = 1 b 2 22 12 3
x 2 y2
Equation of ellipse 1
4 3
i.e. 3x2 + 4y2 = 12
54. (B)
x 2 y2 1 x2 y2
1
144 81 25 144 / 25 81 / 25
a2 = 144/25 and b2 = 81/25
Foci is (c, 0) c2 = a2 + b2 (for hyperbola)
144 81 225

25 25
c 15 / 5 3
2 2
x y
Foci of 1 is (3, 0)
16 b 2
Here a2 = 16, c2 = 9
b2 = a2 c2 = 16 9 = 7 (for ellipse)

Three dimensional Geometry

Quick quiz
1. (C)
Since L is the foot of the perpendicular segment drawn from the point P (3, 4, 5) on the xz plane, y-coordinate of P is zero.
L (3, 0, 5)
2. (B)
PQ (1 4) 2 ( 3 1) 2 (4 2) 2 45 3 5
3. (B)
By mid-point formula
2 5 3 4 7 11 7 7
C , , , , 9
2 2 2 2 2
4. (D)
Let A (3, 4, 5) and B (2, 1, 0)
Let P (x, y, z) be the required point.
As P is three-fifth of the way from A to B,
3
We have AP AB
5 2
3
3
AP (AP PB)
5
5AP = 3AP + 3PB
(3, 4, 5) (2, 1, 0)
AP 3
2AP = 3PB
PB 2
P divides AB in the ratio 3 : 2
6 6 3 8 0 10
Thus, P , , (0, 1, 2)
5 5 5
5. (C)

1P/XI1617MMB3S 27
Exercise
1. (B)
Let A (5, 1, 1), B (7, 4, 7), C (1, 6, 10),
D (1, 3, 4)
AB 4 9 36 7, BC 36 4 9 7, A

CD 4 9 36 7 and DA 36 4 9 7
AB = BC = CD = AD D B

Now, BD 64 1 9 74
AC 16 25 81 122 C
AC BD
Diagonals are not equal. Hence ABCD is a rhombus
2. (B)
Since L is the foot of perpendicular drawn from the P on the xy-plane, z-coordinate is zero in the xy-plane.
Hence coordinates of L (6, 7, 0)
3. (B)
For any point on y-axis, x co-ordinate and z co-ordinate are zero.
4. (A)
5. (A)
Let B (x1, y1, z1) be the other end of the diameter.
By mid-point formula
3 x1 5 y1 2 0
(0, 0, 0) , ,
2 2 2
3 x1
0 x1 3
2
5 y1
0 y1 5
2
2 z1
0 z1 2 B (x1 , y1 , z1 ) (3, 5, 2)
2
Aliter
B is diametrically opposite point to A about the origin.
Therefore change the sign of the coordinates of A to get B.
6. (B)
Let P (x, y, z) be any point such that PA = PB
Now PA2 = PB2
(x 3)2 + (y 4)2 + (z + 5)2
= (x + 2)2 + (y 1)2 + (z 4)2
10 x + 6y 18z 29 = 0
7. (A)
Let A (1, 2, 3)
Let P (x, 0, 0) be a point on the x axis such that PA = 2 6
PA2 = 24
(x 1)2 + 4 + 9 = 24
(x 1)2 = 24 13 = 11
x 1 11
x 11 1 or x 1 11
8. (B)
Let A (6, 5, 3) and B (x, 7, 0)
Given AB = 13 AB2 = 132
1P/XI1617MMB3S 28
 (x 6)2 + (7 5)2 + (0 + 3)2 = 132
(x 6)2 = 144 9 + 169
(x 6)2 = 153 + 169
(x 6)2 = 16
x6=4
x = 6 + 4 or x = 6 4
x = 10 or x = 2
9. (C)
10. (A)
Let P (, , ) be the third vertex
Given centroid G (0, 0, 0)
Let A (2, 4, 6) and B (0, 2 5)
20 42 65
Now, (0, 0, 0) , ,
3 3 3
2 2 1
0 0 0
3 3 3
= 2
= 2
= 1
P (2, 2, 1)
Aliter
If G(p, q, r) is the centroid then third vertex
P (, , ) (3p x2 x3, 3q y2 y3, 3r z2 z3)
11. (A)
Let the points be A, B, C and D respectively
4 1 7 2 8 1 3 5 9
Mid point of AC = , , , , .
2 2 2 2 2 2
2 1 3 2 4 5 3 5 9
Mid point of BD = , , , , .
2 2 2 2 2 2
Thus, AC and BD bisect each other.
AC (4 1) 2 (7 2) 2 (8 1) 2 25 81 49 155
BD (2 1) 2 (3 2) 2 (4 5) 2 1 1 1 3
AC BD. Hence, ABCD represents a parallelogram.
12. (C)
Let the point be P (x, y, z) and Q = (2, 1, 1)
Distance from the y-axis = PQ
x 2 z 2 (x 2)2 (y 1) 2 (z 1)2
y2 2y 4x + 2z + 6 = 0
13. (D)
Distance 42 52 41
14. (A)
3 units
15. (A)
41 units
16. (A)
50 units

1P/XI1617MMB3S 29
17. (B)
a = 5
18. (A)
xy and xz planes
19. (B)
y = 0 and z = 0
20. (B)
7th octant
21. (A)
yz-plane perpendicular to x-axis
22. (C)
Equation of z-axis
23. (A)
xy-plane

Self Assessment Test - 2A

1. (C)
Since the circle passes through (0, 0), we can eliminate (A) and (D).
a b
Since centre is , , the equation is (C).
2 2
2. (C)
4 16 124
Radius = 4 Circumference = 8
9 9 9
3. (A)
4. (C)
Centre (2, 3) lies on (C)
5. (C)
Centres of given circles are (2, 2), (0, 2), (2, 0), (2, 0)
(C) satisfies given conditions.
6. (B)
Centre of given circle is (0, 4). Option (B) satisfies conditions.
7. (A)
Let circumference of circle be 2r and perimeter of square be 4a
r
4a = 2r a = , area of circle = r2 = A1
2
2r 2
area of square = = A2
4
2 r 2
A1 : A 2 r 2 : 4r 2 : 2r 2 4 :
4
But 4 >
Area of the circle is more than that of the square.
4 > circle is larger than square.
8. (C)
Centre = (4, 2)
Radius = 16 4 4 4
Since x-coordinate of the centre is equal to the radius, circle touches the y axis.

1P/XI1617MMB3S 30
9. (A)
Radius = 9 16 25 5
Area = 25
10. (B)
Radius of the first circle = Radius of the second circle
2 c 2 c 2 c 2 c 2 2 2c
Thus the locus of (, ) is x2 y2 = 2c.
11. (B)
Let P(t2, 2t) be the point nearest to (2, 1). Then P is the foot of the normal from (2, 1)
2t 1
Slope of normal : t = 2 2t 1 = t3 + 2t
t 2
t3 1 = 0 t = 1 P = (1, 2)
12. (A)
13. (B)
y2 4
Because 4a
x 3
14. (A)
Radius = 4 and centre = (0, 0)
Equation is x2 + y2 = 16
15. (A)
2a 1
= 3(2ae) 3e2 = 1 e =
e 3
16. (A)
a a
The directrices are x and x
e e
a a 2a
distance between them is
e e e
17. (C)
2a 2a
2ae = 8 and = 25 (2ae) = 8 25
e e
4a2 = 200 a = 50
major axis = 10 2
18. (B)
b2 3 1 b2 1
2
1 2
a 4 4 a 4
a 2

b 1
i.e., a : b = 2 : 1
19. (C)
3x 2 y 2 x2 y2 a 2
1 1
32 8 32 8 b 1

3
32 2 32 2
a2 = ,b =8 T.A. = 2a = 2 8
3 3 3
20. (B)
Property of hyperbola

1P/XI1617MMB3S 31
21. (A)
2
e
3
b5
b 2 a 2 (1 e2 )
4
25 a 2 1 a 2 45
9
22. (A)
Both the points (4, 3) and (2, 1) satisfy the equation 2x2 3y2 = 5.
23. (C)
a 2 b2 a 2 b2
e1 = ,e 2
a a
2 2 2 2
a b a b
e12 e 22 2
a2
24. (B)
b = 4, c = 3 a = 5.
x 2 y2
Hence 1
25 16
25. (C)
Since the given equation represents a rectangular hyperbola, e = 2
26. (A)
2c = 16 c = 8
e 2 ae 8
8
a 2 2
2
b2 = c2 a2 = 64 32 = 32 b 2 2
Equation of hyperbola, x2 y2 = 32
Aliter:
As e 2 it is a rectangular hyperbola. Only option (A) is a rectangular hyperbola.
27. (C)
Length of edges of parallelopiped are
3 1, 4 3, 9 7 = 2, 1, 2
length of diagonal is 22 12 22 4 1 4 9 3
28. (A)
Let L be the foot of perpendicular drawn from the point P(6, 7, 8) to the xy-plane and the distance of this foot L from P is
z-coordinate of P i.e., 8.
29. (C)
30. (A)
PQ (1 2) 2 (2 3) 2 (3 5) 2 9 1 4 14
QR (7 2) 2 (0 2) 2 ( 1 3)2
36 4 16 2 14
PR (7 2) 2 (0 3) 2 (1 5) 2
81 9 36 126 3 14
Thus PQ + QR = PR. Hence P, Q and R are collinear

1P/XI1617MMB3S 32
Self Assessment Test - 2B
1. (C)
xx1 yy1 x12 y12 passes through(10,14)
10x1 14y1 x12 y12
2 2
10x1 14y1 x1 y1
Locus is a circle with radius 25 49 74
2. (B)
x x 2 y y 3 0
x x 3 y y 5 0
chord is 5x 2y 0
2 25x 2 15x
x 2x 0
4 2
29x 2 19x
0
4 2
38
x 0, x
29
95
y 0, y
29
2 2
19
OR 2 4 25
19 or 19
29 29 29
3. (A)
Let , 1 be the centre.
2 2
r 2 1 2 2 2 6 5
3
This is minimum when
2
2 2 2 2
3 5 3 5
The circle is x y 1 3
2 2 2 2
2 2 34 1 1
x y 3x 5y
4 4 4
2 2
x y 3x 5y 8 0
4. (D)
2
x 2 y 2 x 0
Passes through 1,0 1 4 0 5
x 2 y 2 5x 4y 4 0
Passes through (4, 0)
5. (C)
2 2
6 8
x y 4x 3y 0
5 5
2 2 15 16
x y x y 4 4x 3y 0
5 5
12 16
x 2 y 2 x 4 y 3 4 0
5 5
This touches y = 0.
16
3 1
2
12 1 16
2
5
4 3 4
2 4 5 4 5
2 2 2
16 12 16
3 4 3 16
5 5 5

1P/XI1617MMB3S 33
 144 96
16 2 16 0
25 5
96 256
16 2 0
5 25
400 2 480 256 0
25 2 30 16 0
25 2 40 10 16 0
5 5 8 2 5 8 0
8 2
or
5 5
2 2
1 20 1 40
r1 4 4 16 4 4
4 5 4 5
2 2
1 20 1 10
r2 4 4 1 4 1 r1 r2 5
4 5 4 5
6. (B)
Let (. ) be the centre.
So 2 5 and 2 2 5
2 5, 2 3 2, 1 and this lies on x y 1 0.
7. (D)
x 1 y 1
Let PA be r
cos sin
Let A (r cos 1, r sin 1)
2 2
So (r cos 1) (r sin 1) 2
r 2 2r(cos sin ) 0 r 2cos 2sin
A (2cos 2 2cos sin 1, 2sin cos 2sin 2 1)
Change to 180
B (2cos 2 2cos sin 1, 2 sin cos 2sin 2 1)
x1 2cos 2 1, y1 2sin 2 1 x1 y1 0 Locus is x y 0
8. (A)
Let AB be x y 1
The combined equation of CA,CB is
x 2 y 2 a 2 (x y) 2
2 2 2 2 2
x (a 1) y (a 1) 2a xy 0
2 a 4 (a 2 1) 2
tan 45
2(a 2 1)
a 4 2a 2 1 2a 2 1
a 4 4a 2 2 0
a2 2 2
9. (B)
2r 2 (1 3) 2 (2 4) 2
2r 2 4 4 8 r 2
10. (C)
Q (3, 4), R (4,3), O (0,0)

QOR 90 So QPR 45
4
11. (C)
12. (D)

Line with inclination has its slope equal to 1.
4

1P/XI1617MMB3S 34
 Focus of y 2 4x is (1, 0). x y 1 = 0 passes through (1, 0).
13. (D)
2
y
(x 2) y 2 4(x 2) .
2
14. (A)
Solving x 2y = 1 and y 2 kx ,
we get y 2 k(1 xy) or y 2 2ky k 0
y1 y 2 2k, y 2 k
2
y2 y 2 (y y ) 2
16 (x1 x 2 ) 2 (y1 y 2 ) 2 = 1 2 (y1 y 2 ) 2 = (y1 y 2 ) 2 1 2 2 1
k k k
4k 2 5 105
= {(y1 y 2 ) 2 4y1y 2} 2 1 = 5{4k 2 4k} 20k 2 20k; 5k 2 5k 4 0, k .
k 10
15. (A)
2
y 1 2
Eliminating t, x = 1 or (y 1) 4(x 1)
2
Putting y 1 = Y, x 1 = X, the equation becomes Y 2 4X.
So, the equation of the directrix is X + 1 = 0 x = 0.
16. (B)
(y 3) 2 4(x 2) , comparing with (y k) 2 4a(x h)
k 3,h 2,a 1
L (h a,k 2a) ( 3, 1) , L (h a, k 2a) ( 3, 5) .
17. (A)
18. (A)
Ratio of the radii of the two circles is a : ae 1 : e.
19. (D)
x 2 y2 2 2 2b 2
1 , a 4, b 3 , length of latus rectum is 3
4 3 a
20. (B)
2a 1 a
4 5 and e 2 5 a 2
e 5 e
21. (A)
1 1 3
a 3, e b 2 9 1 9 .
2 4 4
27 3 3
semi minor axis .
4 2
22. (D)
2 > 0, 5 > 0 2 > and > 5 < 2, > 5.
23. (D)
24. (A)
25. (D)
26. (B)
9 16 5
(h, k) (1, 2), a 3, b 4 e
3 3
foci are ( ae + h, k) ( 5 + 1, 2)
i.e. (4, 2) and (6, 2)
27. (A)
28. (A)

1P/XI1617MMB3S 35
29. (A)
Axes of x2 y2 = a2 is x2 y2 = 0 i.e., x y = 0 and x + y = 0 y = x and y = x
If these lines are rotated through 45 in the anticlockwise direction the line become x = 0 and y = 0.
their combined equation is xy = 0. Hence, the equation of the curve becomes xy = a2.
30. (B)

Test Paper
1. (C)
A (1, 1), B (a + b, b a), C (a b, a + b),
AB = AC (a b 1) 2 (b a 1) 2 = (a b 1)2 (a b 1) 2
(a b 1) 2 (b a 1) 2 (a b 1) 2 (a b 1)2
(b a 1) 2 (a b 1) 2 0
(b a 1 a b 1)(b a 1 a b 1) 0
(2b 2a)( 2) 0 a b
2. (B)
Let G = (3,1) and A = (0,3). AG = 9 16 = 5.
3 3 15
Length of the median is AG = 5= .
2 2 2
3. (A)
A = (1, 8), B = (7, 7), C = (5, 7) and let D = (a, b)
Now, midpoint of AC = midpoint of BD
1 5 8 7 7 a 7 b
, ,
2 2 2 2
a = 13, b = 6.
D = (13, 6)
4. (A)

(0, 4) B
OA is perpendicular to OB
and OB is perpendicular to OA
O is the orthocentre
x
O A
5. (A) (3, 0)

Let the ratio be m : n,

m(5) n(1) m(5) n(3)
Then (4, k) ,
mn m n
5m + n = 4m + 4n m = 3n.
Therefore, m : n = 3 : 1
6. (A)
BC = 1 9 = 10
1
ABC = [3(1 2) + 4 (2 0) + 5 (0 + 1)]
2
1
= [9 + 8 + 5] = 11
2
1 11 22
BC altitude = ABC altitude = =
2 1 10
10
2
7. (B)
The lines are y = x, y = x and x + 2y = 2

1P/XI1617MMB3S 36
 2 2
vertices of the triangle are (0, 0), , and (2, 2)
3 3
1 2 2
Area = 2 ( 2)
2 3 3
1 4 4 4
= =
2 3 3 3
8. (B)
AC = 3 + 1 = 4
1 2
Area of square = 4 = 8.
2
9. (B)
1
[2{4 ( 1)} + (3) {1 5} + 7 {5 4}]
2
1
= [2 (5) 3 (6) + 7 (1)]
2
1 35
[10 + 18 + 7] = square units.
2 2
y
10. (B)
AP : PB = 1 : 2 and AB = 3
2a b 3h
Let = h, =k a= ,b=3k (0, b) B
3 3 2
2 P 2a b
3h ,
a2 + b2 = 9 + 9k2 = 9 3 3
2 x
O A
9h2 + 36 k2 = 9 4 h2 + 4k2 = 4 (a, 0)
locus of (h, k) is x2 + 4y2 = 4
11. (C)
|x| + |y| = a which represents a square.
12. (D)
Equation of given line 3x + y = ... (1)
Equation of perpendicular line x 3y = 0 (2)
3
Solving (A) and (B) we get C = ,
10 10

Also A = ,0 and B = (0, )
3
9 2 81 2

BC
Now 100 100 9
CA 2 2

900 100
BC : CA 9 : 1
13. (C)
1
The area of the triangle = (x-intercept) (y-intercept)
2
1 c c
=
2 a b
2
1 c 1
= = ( a, c, b are in GP)
2 ab 2
14. (C)
Let the intercepts cut off from the two axes be a and 14 a.
x y
Therefore its equation is 1 and it passes through (3, 4)
a 14 a

1P/XI1617MMB3S 37
 3 4
Therefore, 1
a 14 a
42 3a + 4a = 14a a 2 a 2 13a + 42 = 0
a 2 6a 7a + 42 = 0 a = 6, a = 7
x y
When a = 6, 14 a = 8 then, the equation is 1 or 4x + 3y = 24
6 8
x y
When a = 7, 14 a = 7 then, the equation is 1 or x y 7
7 7
Aliter:
By substituting the coordinates of the point (3, 4) in the alternatives given, we observe that the lines in (C) pass through (3, 4).
15. (D)
3x y 8 3x y 8 , dividing by 3 1 2
3 1
x y4
2 2
By comparing with x cos ysin p
3 1
we get cos , sin = 150 and p = 4.
2 2
16. (A)
2 2
m1 = , m2 =
3 3
Now m1 = m2 the lines are parallel and not coincident
17. (C)
4 7
Slope of 4x 7y 2 0 is and slope of 7x 4y 5 0 is , their product is 1.
7 4
Therefore, they are perpendicular and they do not pass through the origin.
18. (C)
Let BC be the base and A(2, 1)
The length of the perpendicular from (2, 1) to x + y 2 = 0 is
A (2, 1)
2 1 2 1
=
1 1 2
1
sin 60 = 2 60 60
AB B C
x+y=2
1 1 2 2
AB = cosec 60 = =
2 2 3 3
19. (C)
Slope of y x 3 4 is m1 = 3
1
Slope of 3y x 7 is m2 =
3
1
3
m m2 3 1 30
Therefore tan 1 =
1 m1m 2 11 3

Aliter:
1
m1 3 1 60 and m 2 2 30 .
3
1 2 30
20. (D)
2
m1 , m 2 1
3

1P/XI1617MMB3S 38
 2 1
1
m1 m 2 3 1
tan = 3
1 m1m2 2 2 5
1 ( 1) 1
3 3
21. (B)
a
Slope of ax + by + c = 0 is m1 (say).
b
ab
Slope of (a + b)x (a b)y = 0 is m2
ab
a ab a 2 ab ab b 2

m m2 b ab b(a b)
tan 1 1 45 .
1 m1m 2 a a b ab b 2 a 2 ab
1
b a b b(a b)
22. (A)
(3x + 4y = 7) 2 6x + 8y = 14 and (2x 5y = 8) 3
38
6x 15y = 24, 23y 38 y and
23
38 152 161 152 9 3
3x 4. 7 3x 7 x
23 23 23 23 23
3 38
Therefore, the point of intersection is , .
23 23
3 38
Line passing through , is 23x 69y + 111 = 0.
23 23
23. (A)
3rd and 4th alternatives are eliminated as they are not perpendicular to the given line.
Solving 2x + 3y 1 = 0 and 3x + 4y 6 = 0 we get the point of intersection as (14, 9)
This point lies on the 2x y = 37. Thus the answer is (A).
24. (B)
5 1 7 1
Let the ratio be : 1, then , lies on
1 1
x + y = 4. On substituting we get,
1
5 1 + 7 + 1 = 4 + 4 8 = 4 = .
2
25. (B)
Distance between the tangents = diameter
Now, distance between the parallel lines
c1 c 2 45 9

2
a b 2
9 16 5
19 9
radius
2 5 10
26. (C)
Radius = 1 4 5 0. Point-Circle
27. (A)
Only (A) passes through (1, 0) and (0, 1)
28. (B)
2b 2
= b 2b = a
a
a2 b2 4b 2 b 2 3
e=
a 2b 2

1P/XI1617MMB3S 39
29. (C)
1
2ae = 16 and e = a = 16 major axis = 32
2
30. (A)
Major axis = 5k
Minor axis = 4k
a 2 b2
Using e = we have
a
25k 2 16k 2 3
e=
5k 5
31. (C)
x 2 y2 43 1
1 e =
4 3 2 2
x 2 y2 64 c
1 e
64 c 8
64 c 1
c = 48
8 2
32. (B)
x = 3cos a = 3
y = 4sin b = 4
16 9 7
e=
4 4
33. (C)
x 2 = 3cos and y + 1 = 3sin , (x 2)2 + (y + 1)2 = 9.
Centre = (2, 1)
34. (D)
By solving x + y = 6 and x + 2y = 4, we get
the centre = (8, 2)
Radius = Distance between (8, 2) and (6, 2) ( 2) 2 (4) 2 20
35. (C)
By the standard property of the focal chord of the parabola.
36. (D)
For both ellipse and hyperbola, the centre is the origin.
37. (A)
1
2ae = 2 150 5
60
38. (A)
x 2 y2
For the ellipse
1, foci 16 b 2 , 0
16 b 2
x2 y2
For the hyperbola 1,
144 81
25 25
144 81
foci = , 0
25 25
225
16 b 2 16 b 2 9 , b 2 7, b 7
25
39. (D)
1 2b 2 1
e and 8, b 2 4a , b 2 a 2 1 e 2 4a a 2 1
2 a 4

1P/XI1617MMB3S 40
 3 16 64 x2 y2
4a a 2 a , b 2 . Equation of the ellipse is 1
4 3 3 256 64
9 3
9x 2 12y 2 256.
40. (B)
x 2 y2
1, a b , be = b 2 a 2 5.
4 9
Foci are 0, 5 .
41. (B)
x y
sec and tan .
8 6
x 2 y2
Squaring and subtracting 1
64 36
Distance between the foci = 2ae = 2 a 2 b 2 2 100 20
42. (A)
y2 x 2 x 2 36 36y 2
2
1 k2 2 only the point (10, 4) lies on the hyperbola,
k 36 36 x 36
36 16
because k 2 0 . For the remaining points, k2 < 0.
100 36
43. (D)
2ae 3

a 2
2
e
3
e2
2
b 2 a 2 (e 1)
a : b 2 :1
44. (B)
x 2 y2
1, ae a 2 b 2 25 5 Foci are ( 5, 0)
16 9
2b 2 2 9 9
L.R 4.5
a 4 2
45. (D)
By distance formula
AB2 = (10 3)2 + (20 6)2 + (30 9)2 = 686
BC2 = (25 10)2 + (41 20)2 + (5 30)2 = 4571
CA2 = (3 25)2 + (6 + 41)2 + (9 5)2 = 2709
AB BC CA
Also CA2 + AB2 BC2 (A) is not the answer.

***

1P/XI1617MMB3S 41