The average urban resident, for example, rouses at the eye-blearing time of 6.04 a.m.

, which researchers believe to

be far too early. One study found that even rising at 7.00 a.m. has deleterious effects on health unless exercise is
performed for 30 minutes afterward. The optimum moment has been whittled down to 7.22 a.m.; muscle aches,
headaches and moodiness were reported to be lowest by participants in the study who awoke then.

And heres the question:

What did researchers identify as the ideal time to wake up in the morning?

B 7.00
C 7.22
D 7.30

Bookkeeping True / False / Not given

This course will provide students with a comprehensive understanding of bookkeeping and a great deal of hands-on
experience.

Code B/ED020
19th April 9am2.30pm (one session only so advance bookings essential)
Cost $250

And here are the questions:

Q Bookkeeping has no practical component.
Q Bookkeeping is intended for advanced students only.

Helium is even cheerfully derided as a loner element since it does not adhere to other molecules like its cousin,
hydrogen. According to Dr. Lee Sobotka, helium is the most noble of gases, meaning its very stable and non-
reactive for the most part it has a closed electronic 12 configuration, a very tightly bound atom. It is this
coveting of its own electrons that prevents combination with other elements. Another important attribute is
heliums unique boiling point, which is lower than that for any other element.

And here are the questions: Yes / No / Not given

Q Helium chooses to be on its own.
Q Helium is a very cold substance

Question 1
Twenty five years ago, Muhammed Yunus, a Bangladeshi economics teacher, was visiting a village when he met a
woman who made bamboo stools. She couldnt afford to buy the bamboo to make the stools, so she had to borrow
the money from the bamboo sellers and then pay them a large part of the profit from each one she sold. There was
so little money left for her to keep that she couldnt afford to buy more bamboo, so she had to borrow more money.
And so the cycle continued with no way out for her. She couldnt borrow money from friends or family because
they were as poor as she was. She couldnt borrow from the bank because she had no collateral to guarantee that
she would pay back the loan.

The stool maker needed to sell stools to support her children.

True
False
Not given
Question 2
Yunus went around the village and found forty-two people who were in the same situation - trapped in a cycle of
poverty with no escape. When he added up the amount of money that they needed to break free of the cycle, it came
to just twenty-seven dollars. As Yunus says I felt ashamed of myself for being part of a society which could not
provide even twenty-seven dollars to forty-two hardworking, skilled human beings. He lent them the money and
told them to pay it back whenever they could. He got all of it back, so he went to other villages and did the same
thing. He always got his money back. The official banks didnt want to get involved in what he was doing, so
Yunus started his own bank. The Grameen bank was born, and with it a new approach to lending money micro-
credit.

Yunus Grameen worked with official banks to provide loans.

True
False
Not given

Question 3
But what makes the Grameen bank so different?
The conventional banking system is based on the principle that the more you have, the more you can borrow.
Grameen gives priority to those who have nothing, particularly the poorest women. The loans are small and
repayments are made in small amounts spread over a year, with a built-in insurance scheme so that the family
doesnt become responsible for the loan if something happens to the borrower. There is no legal contract between
the bank and the borrower, and no danger of legal action if the repayments are not made the relationship is based
on trust and good faith.

People who fail to repay their loan are prosecuted.

True
False
Not given

Repayment rates are very high for two main reasons. Firstly, borrowers know that they cannot borrow again if they
dont repay the first loan. And secondly, they must join a group of other borrowers who all share some
responsibility for other members loans and are encouraged to make group decisions. So there is considerable peer
pressure and support from the group to encourage them to pay it all back.

Almost all borrowers pay back the money they borrow.

True False Not given
Question 5
Another important difference from conventional banks is that Grameen has a social programme. The system
encourages the borrowers to do practical things to improve their living conditions, health and level of education.
These are known as the Sixteen Decisions which include, for example, not continuing the dowry system, growing
fresh vegetables, organising clean drinking water and good sanitation, education for children, and being ready to
help each other whenever necessary. Conventional banks would not consider this to be any of their business.

Other banks do not ask borrowers to perform community tasks.

True
False
Not given

Question 6
The bank now lends over a billion dollars to more than two million borrowers, 96% of them women, and involving
more than half of the villages in Bangladesh. The repayment rate is 99%. The rural economy of the country has
improved greatly since the bank started. And the success has spread. This year it was estimated that there are now
over 7,000 microcredit organizations in the world, lending to over 16 million of the poorest people. Grameens
success in Bangladesh has also shown that the developing world has lessons to teach richer countries like the USA
and Britain. Both countries have begun to encourage microcredit schemes based on the Grameen model, in an
attempt to deal with their own levels of poverty.

The Grameen model has been a success in the USA and Britain.
True
False
Not given

Sentence completion

In this type of question you have to fill in gaps using words from the text. Read the question carefully as there will
be a word limit and youll lose marks for writing too many words. In this example, you must choose NO MORE
THAN THREE WORDS from the text.

Firstly, you should be given an improvement note. This will explain the problem, outline any necessary changes
and offer some assistance in correcting the situation. Then, if your employer does not think your performance has
improved, you may be given a written warning. The last step is called a final written warning which will inform you
that you will be dismissed unless there are improvements in performance. If there is no improvement, your
employer can begin the dismissal procedure.

Q If an employee receives a .. , this means he will lose his job if his work does not get better.

Diet and health

Complete this essay with words from the Academic Word List

affect appropriate conclusion contrast demonstrated facilities factors focussing ignores individual
instance issues require underlying varied

A serious concern nowadays is how our eating habits can our health. In particular, it has
been that eating too much junk food can lead to health later in life. One sensible suggestion for
dealing with this is to improve the level of health education so that we eat better and live longer.

One reason why on health education is an measure is that it addresses one cause of
the problem. It is clear that there is a connection between what people know about nutrition and their eating habits.
For example, children who have learned in school about the need to have a diet with plenty of vitamins tend
to eat more healthily. In , people who have not had this education still eat too much junk food and as a
result suffer from diabetes and other diseases.

Better health education, however, is not a complete answer as it the wider social that cause people
to eat unhealthily. For , many people eat fast food because they have a lifestyle that means they do not
have time to sit down to a proper meal. Again, other people might eat burgers and pizzas because they are seen to
be cool and they want to impress their peers.
There would not appear to be any simple way to deal with these social factors. A difficulty is that it is very hard for
governments to make a difference to the choices people make. It might help, however, to ban
advertisements for unhealthy foods on television and to companies to provide proper meal for
their employees.

My is that the government certainly ought to introduce measures to improve the level of health
education. However, this probably would not be a perfect solution as it would also be necessary to deal with the
other social factors that cause unhealthy eating.

(Imporove your IELTS)