MATLAB

, 3 2015
: D A N I L O S T E PA N O V I C , I N T R O D U C T I O N T O P R O G R A M M I N G I N M AT L A B , , 2 0 1 0
MATLAB, the language of technical
computing
!
()
, ,
,
(user interface) .
MATHWORKS 1984

>1
1500 MATLAB 30 !
 Matrix laboratory
MAT LAB

MATRIX LABORATOR

MATLAB .

.
 MATLAB
1
, (scripts)
2

3

4

 1-
MATLAB
Command Window-
Workspace-
Current Folder- ()
Editor- - (m-files)
! MATLAB

.. Day 1/data
Day1/data
Help/Doc
MATLAB help

>> help sum

.. diff prod
doc
>> doc sum

doc -
>> doc average
Scripts-
scripts

(editor) MATLAB
.m (m-files)
(command line)
>> edit hellochristina.m
New Script- scripSave As*.m
 (Editor)
Scripts
% !

>> help

script .
script ,
(workspace).

script helloworld.m
:
Hello World! I will learn MATLAB today!
: () command line disp.m
(string), : this is a string
function helloworld
%a program which displays a happy sentence to the world!
disp('Hello World')
disp('I will learn MATLAB today!')
Run
 (variables)
64-bit double (/default)- 264
Floating point- significant x baseexponent
(decimals) ..
1.2345=12345x10-4
double .
MATLAB uint8 ( used unsigned 8 bit integer)
28. .. MATLAB 0-255.

>> out_d=double(out)
>> out_8=uint8(out_d)
MATLAB
>>a 16-bit char

:
>>var1=2.54
>>name1=Andreas
-
, _ , .. out_53, meas345, Chris10_b
-
(case sensitive), data_1 Data_1
/Scalars

>> a=1.5

>> b=pi*2.3+a*2.1-5

>> c=a+b+8;
 (arrays)
H MATLAB 2 :
( )
(cell-arrays- )

>> row=[1,2,1.3,5,-7]
>> row=[1 2 1.3 5 -7]

row =

1.0000 2.0000 1.3000 5.0000 -7.0000

--check workspace
 (arrays)-

>> column=[4;5;6+8i;i]
column =
4.0000 + 0.0000i
5.0000 + 0.0000i
6.0000 + 8.0000i
0.0000 + 1.0000i
size
length


num2str:
string
 save/clear/load
save Workspace .mat
p.x.
>> a=10;
>> b=20;
>>save Variables a b
Variables.mat a b (
Workspace ). directory .
>> clear all /clear a b Workspace
>>load Variables Workspace
save Workspace
>>save Day1


>>2+3
>>(2+i)*(3-2i)
>>1/0

>> 2^3

>> (((2+3i)^2-6)*8)/5

>> 8(3+5)----!
clc command window
>> clc
 (built-in)
H MATLAB !


MATLAB 6-
In ** seconds, I will know **% MATLAB

1.5 .
num2str .

>>secperday=24*60*60;
>>tau=secperday*1.5;
>>durofClass=6*60*60;
>>knowledgeatend=1-exp(-durofClass/tau);
>>disp(['at the end of 21600 seconds of class, I will know ' num2str(knowledgeatend*100) '% of
MATLAB'])
at the end of 21600 seconds of class, I will know 15.3518% of MATLAB
/Transpose

( )
.

Oi

>>row=[1 2 3];
>>column=[1;2;3];
>>row+column !!
>> row+column row+column

>> 5*row


,

(*/^)

:
.*, ./, .^
!

*
[nxm] * [mxk]
! [2x2], [3x3]
.

.
1 0.
(n) n-


(row, column) (index).

( max)

find

:
sub2ind ind2sub
 2-

(plotting)

linspace()

min max

y x

x
Plot()
plot() .
!
2 !

!
 plot()
plot() , ( marker)
:

>> plot(x,y,.)
b blue . point - solid

g green o circle : dotted

r red x x-mark -. dashdot

c cyan + plus -- dashed

m magenta * star (none) no line

y yellow s square

k black d diamond

w white v triangle (down)

^ triangle (up)

< triangle (left)

> triangle (right)

p pentagram

h hexagram
Plot()

>>doc ColorSpec
 ,
EditFigure Properties

! log() MATLAB
(ln)
loglog

..
 (3D plots)
plot3()
H plot() 3 2

xlim, ylim kai zlim ..
>>xlim([3 5]);ylim([1 2]);zlim([3 6])

>>axis square
( )
>>axis tight

>>axis equal

>>axis ij
( )

subplot()
>>subplot(2,3,1)
2 3 ()
.
(3 )
(CLOCLWISE)

>>subplot(2,3,4:6)

 .fig open()


/

reshape
imagesc mat

/ (colormap)
>>colormap (gray)
>>colormap (cool)

surf

(VERTICES)

 >>shading faceted

>>shading faceted
>>shading flat >>shading interp


sinc(x) (sin(x)/x) -2:2 1:4
4 ,
, . .

subplot(2,2,1);plot(x1,sin(x1)./x1,'ro')
subplot(2,2,2);plot(x1,sin(2*x1)./(2*x1),'k
-')
subplot(2,2,3);plot(x1,sin(3*x1)./(3*x1),'g
.-')
subplot(2,2,4);plot(x1,sin(4*x1)./(4*x1),'m
--')
 3-
Functions- scripts
(INPUTS)
function [SENS,SPEC]=threshb(Im,GT,TR) FUNCTION DECLARATION
%Im is the input image in '.jpg' form
%GT is the ground truth matrix
%TR is the threshold
INPUTS
I=imread(Im); OUTPUTS
for i=1:size(I,1)
for j=1:size(I,2)
B(i,j,:)=(I(i,j,1)<=TR);
end
end

CP=classperf(B,GT);
SENS=CP.Sensitivity;
SPEC=CP.Specificity;
 function ( .. x,y,z)
( ) !
Function overloading-
MATLAB
.
.. size()

varargin, varargout, nargin, nargout
function plot(x,y,varargin)

plot(x,y) % plain
plot(x,y,'LineWidth',4)
plot(x,y,'Marker','o','LineWidth',2)
plot(x,y,'Marker','o','LineWidth',2,'MarkerFaceColor','r')

(function declaration)

function plot(x,y,varargin)

sin(f1*x) f1 (input) 0:2,
16 .

function plotSin(f1,varargin);
if nargin==1
arg='.';
else arg=varargin{1};
end
x=linspace(0,2*pi,16*f1+1);
figure
plot(x,sin(x),arg);


scalars
If/else
(flow) MATLAB
>>if
.. >=0.8

abs(*)<1
>>end
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>if
1
>>else
2
>>end
elseif./for
>>if 1
1
>>elseif 2
2
>>else

3
>>end
To for
(iterations)
-for loop
>> for i=1:10
if i^2<20
K(i)=i^2;
else
K(i)=i;
end
end
>> K

K=

1 4 9 16 5 6 7 8 9 10
To i loop (loop variable)
.
While
while for loop
(iterations)

>>while

>>end
!
loop!
 while
, -
2n >=

function n=smallestint(a);
%computes the smallest non-negative integer for which 2^n>=a.
n = 0; %setting the initial value
while 2^n < a
n = n + 1;
end
n
 find
find
-
for loops

Inds x 0.4 0.6

 loop?
: . x
;
loop:

:
tic toc
find
-Vectorization
(indexing)
loops.
,


.

.

1-20000 --- 10%
20000-40000 20%
>40000 30%
>3 , 10%
10-100
3 .
function tax=calctax(income,fz);
%calculates the payable tax in EUR based on income in EUR and familzy size
%(fz)
if income<20000
taxp=0.1;
else if income>20000&income<40000
taxp=0.2;
else taxp=0.3;
end
end
if fz>3
taxd=0.9;
else taxd=1;
end
tax=income*taxp*taxd;
taxes=ones(10,10);
>> for i=1:10
for j=1:10
taxes(i,j)=calctax(i*10000,j);
end
end
>> [X,Y]=meshgrid(10000:10000:100000,1:10);
>> surf(X,Y,taxes)
 4-
- ;

, x=b

3 !


- /
- - 0
.

(Singular Value Decomposition)



MATLAB

P +1 -



MATLAB
polyfit()
=[-1 0 2] =[0 -1 3]

2 [-1 0],[0 -1],[2 3]

-
fzero() .
( f(x)=0)
1. script .. myfun.m


... -1:2
, x=0.5


 () (odes)

mean, median, mode

bins 5,15, 25...95

0-10, 10-20, ..., 90-100.

bar chart

MATLAB

(uniform distribution)