English Today - February 2017 PDF

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YEAR: 12 NO. 2 FEBRUARY, 2017 PRICE: ` 20
Publisher & Editor

ALOK KUMAR GUPTA
From The Editors Pen .... 5
Asstt. Editor Lecture Forum .... 7
HS BHATIA
In Simple Terms .... 9
Modern Grammatical Practices .... 14
Editorial & Admn. Office:
12-H, New Daryaganj Road, Personal Questions .... 15
New Delhi-110002 Day-To-Day Conversation .... 17
Tel: 23261567, 23245124, Formation of Words .... 19
23275224 Verbal Diagram .... 22
Website: One Word Substitution .... 23
www.rameshpublishinghouse.com Terminology .... 25
E-mail: Book Review .... 27
ET@rameshpublishinghouse.com Same Words Used As Different Parts of Speech .... 29
Finding Errors .... 31
Subscription Rates:
Punctuation .... 34
` 200/- (for One Year)
Idioms & Their Usage .... 35
` 360/- (for Two Years)
Prefixes & Suffixes .... 37
To be paid through MO/ Quotations & Abbreviations .... 39
DD in favour of English Number, Gender, Conjugation .... 41
Today and post it to our Spellings .... 44
Admn. office. Prepositions .... 45
For more details Cloze Test .... 48
refer page no. 60 Transformation .... 49
Pronunciation .... 51
All rights reserved with the Vocabulary .... 53
Publisher. No part of this Language Games .... 55
publication may be printed in Think it Over .... 57
whole or in part without written Quips .... 58
permission of the Publisher. Words Confused & Misused .... 59
Quiz Time .... 61
Edited, Published, Printed Verbal Niagra Fall .... 63
& Owned by: Potpourri .... 64
ALOK KUMAR GUPTA Talking to the Author .... 65
12-H, New Daryaganj Road, Chain Anagram Sets .... 66
New Delhi-110002 What If ... .... 67
Chain Words .... 68
Printed at: Literature .... 69
Amar Ujala Publications Ltd. Can You Remember ! .... 71
Noida Answers Corner .... 73
English Today 3 February 2017

Book Name Code Price (` )
General English for Competitive Exams R-1762 90
Spoken English R-1654 210
The English Enhancement Book R-1720 180
Common Errors in English (English-Hindi) R-1709 210
Handbook of Idioms & Phrases R-473 70
Handbook of Proverbs R-514 95
Advance General English R-230 130
Spoken & Communicative English R-1801 295
Idioms, Phrases & Proverbs (English-Hindi) R-353 65
Writing Correct English R-541 110
Write English Right R-578 110
How to Write Correct English (Hindi-English) R-451 120
ikWiqyj feuh baxfy'k Lihfdax dkslZ R-657 60
Hindi-English Master (Senior) R-418 80
Master English in Easy Way R-189 240
All About English R-1391 260
Treasury of Synonyms & Antonyms
(Words with Hindi Meanings) R-1348 180

All Time English R-1100 120
Popular Phrasal Verbs R-528 95
Prepositions and their Usage R-787 95
Handbook of Abbreviations R-228 80
Dealing with English Made Easy R-1042 95
Handbook of Quotations R-190 130
Objective General English R-229 140
General English (With MCQs) R-311 160
Paragraph Writing R-304 95
Art of Precis Writing R-191 85
English Reading Comprehension R-303 170
Gloria English Speaking Course (Hindi-English) R-218 280
English Improvement Course R-358 260

the f
From the Editors Pen...
se o
ar Weve d
udie
s,
der
st
Rea
De
Dear Readers,
We have since been studying the phrases in which articles are not used. Well
continue our study.
OMISSION OF THE ARTICLE

THE USE OF PHRASES WITHOUT ARTICLES
1. To cross ones fingers or To keep ones fingers crossed (to crook

one finger over another to bring good luck): He crossed his fingers/
kept his fingers crossed hoping that he would pass the examination with
merit.
2. To cross oneself (to make sign of cross on or over oneself as a
sign of awe, to invoke divine protection): Seeing the most dangerous
situation she was in, she crossed herself.
3. Crop up/out (come to surface): As we managed to overcome the
previous hindrance, new obstacles cropped up/out.
4. Ones cup of tea (what interests or suits one): Playing football is
not my cup of tea.
5. Ones cup being full (ones happiness or misery being full):
(i) His cup of happiness was full on clearing the IAS examination.
(ii) After the death of his father his cup of misery was full.
6. Curses come home to roost (injure the curser): He cursed me to
eternal damnation, but has now himself fallen a prey to paralysis. So,
the saying curses come home to roost has proved true in his case.
7. Cut and thrust (hand-to-hand struggle): He believes in cut and thrust
policy.
8. Cut short (make short): His life has been cut short due to accident.
9. Cut one dead (avoid or ignore): It is better to cut him dead as we
dont want him to attend this function.
10. Cut down (reduce): It is better to cut down your expenses in these
hard times.
11. Cut no ice (have little or no effect): Your words have cut no ice with
him.

12. Cut off (bring to abrupt end or (especially) early death): His life
was cut off by the accident.
13. Cut and dried (readymade): There are no cut and dried rules to solve
such problems.
14. To dance attendance upon (person) (be kept waiting by): He always
dances attendance upon his boss.
15. Darken ones door (pay a visit to ones house, usually negative):
He darkened his door by giving him the news of his brothers death.
16. Dawn upon (begin to be perceptible): As he grew up in age, finally
wisdom dawned upon him.
H.S. Bhatia

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LECTURE FORUM
Dear Readers,
We have been studying for some months the use of Past Participles of some
verbs as Adjectives. Well continue our study in this issue also.
PAST PARTICIPLES USED AS ADJECTIVES

Directions:
(i) Use the following Past Participles as Adjectives in sentences of your
own.
(ii) Only the first and last letter of each Past Participle is given.
(iii) After the Past Participle, the number of letters is given in brackets.
(iv) No word should be repeated.
EXERCISE
1. L ______ D (8)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:
2. L ______ D (7)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:
3. L ______ D (10)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:
4. M ______ D (11)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:
5. M ______ D (10)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:

6. M ______ D (10)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:
7. M ______ D (9)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:
8. M ______ D (8)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:
9. M ______ D (8)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:
10. M ______ D (6)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:
11. M ______ D (8)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:
12. M ______ D (6)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:
13. M ______ D (6)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:
14. M ______ D (8)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:
15. P ______ D (12)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:
16. M ______ D (9)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:


IN SIMPLE TERMS
EXERCISE-1
Do as directed:
1. Fill in the blank with suitable word from those given in bracket:
This is good for a factory. (site, sight)
2. Give one word for the following:
The art of beautiful writing.
3. Use the following idiom in a Sentence of your own:

Hard and fast
4. Give the meaning of the following proverb:

Might is right...
EXERCISE-2
Do as directed:
1. Fill in the blanks with suitable determiners:
Mr Goyal went to bazaar and bought honey from
shop.
2. Fill in the blanks with suitable Prepositions:
(a) Once there lived a hermit a forest.
(b) I prefer Tea Coffee.

3. Fill in the blanks with suitable Modals:
(a) We serve our country. (ought to, could)
(b) He not help laughing. (can, could)
4. Combine the sentence with suitable Conjunction:
This is the house. Sanjeev built it.
5. He lost the book that I had given him.

(Identify the subordinate clause and name it)
6. Fill in the blank with correct form of the non-finite verb given in the
bracket:
This rent is quite reasonable for a well house. (furnish)
7. Change the voice:
(a) Columbus discovered America.
(b) Kindly grant me leave.
8. Change the narration:

(a) My brother said to me, Work hard.
(b) She said, What a lovely scene!.
9. Change into Past Indefinite Tense:

She will marry a rich man.
10. Punctuate the following sentence:

we want help not sympathy

EXERCISE-3
Read the telephonic conversation given below and write the message in
about 50 words:
Rajiv : Hello, is that Anu?
Rajni : Its Rajni speaking. Anu is not at home at the moment. What is
the matter?
Rajiv : We had planned to see Power Cut running at Arora Palace today
evening. Please tell her to wait for me at the main gate.
Rajni : Dont worry, I shall leave a message for her.
Rajiv : Thank you, Rajni. Bye.
EXERCISE-4
Make a precis of the following passage and give it a suitable title:

Most of us Indians are able to laugh at other people: it is cruel laughter meant
to hurt. Very few of us are able to laugh at ourselves. If others laugh at us we
are quick to take umbrage. From ourselves we extend this wall of no laughter
to our community and the country. We have become touchy about most
things: every community has its sacred cows about which jokes are taboo.
Virtually the only people who make and enjoy jokes against themselves are
tribals. Now they have also succumbed to being touchy to a great extent.
It is no great wonder what we Indians have very little sense of humour and have
not produced any great humorists. I find jokes attributed to Raja Birbal, Mulla
do Pyaza, Tenaliraman and Gopal Bhorevery puerile and lacking in sophisti-
cation. I am also not amused by anecdotes ascribed to Sheikh Chilles, Boojh
Bhujakkar and other rustic favourites. None of our humorists compare with the
American, or the British like Shakespeare, Dickens, Lamb and Mark Twain.
(Words = 171)

Title
EXERCISE-5
Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow:
Of course, there are lots of difficulties in making wildlife films. First of all, there
is no such funding body in this country which can give you money for such
projects. Doordarshan, too, does not provide finance for wildlife programmes
due to low viewership of wildlife programmes as compared to other shows. So,
when the government itself has such on attitude to wildlife, there is no point
in complaining about individuals.
Secondly, the permission for filming in most of national parks is a very
complicated affair. Even when it is granted, many restrictions are put on the
film-makers. On top of it, they then expect you make good films and give them
a copy as well. This is the main reason why film-makers are not very keen on
taking on wildlife projects.
QUESTIONS
1. Is making wildlife films easy?

2. What is the first difficulty in making wildlife films?
3. Why does Doordarshan not provide finance for wildlife programmes?
4. What is governments attitude towards wildlife?
5. Is it proper to complain about individuals?
6. What is the second great difficulty in making wildlife films?
7. How many restrictions are put on the film-makers when permission for
it is granted?
8. What do the government authorities expect of film-makers?
9. Assign the passage a suitable heading.

R.Gupta's
THE MAGIC OF
VEDIC MATHEMATICS
Simple Steps to Make
Mental Calculation Easier
Book Code : R-1718 Price : ` 95
Printed Pages : 196 ISBN: 978-93-5012-503-8


MODERN GRAMMATICAL
PRACTICES
EXERCISE
Completion of Paragraphs
Look at the notes given below and complete the paragraphs that follow in each
case. Do not add any new information. Write the answers against the correct
blank spaces or re-write the complete paragraph and underline the word/s
added.
(I)
The Kalka-Shimla rail track, one of the most unique rail tracks in the world
recorded in the Guinness Book of World Records: The greatest
narrow gauge engineering feat in India. 96 kilometres long
103 tunnels more than 800 bridges. technological
marvel, 919 curves 20 railway stations and five level
crossings. first sketched in 1847 construction contract
signed in 1898. work completed in 1903, and
opened for the general public in 1906.
(II)
Smoke gases and millions of tiny particles of the substance being

burned. In industrial areas and towns, a health hazard
particles enter the residents lungs breathing problems. When smoke
sometimes with fog, it smog which fatal.


PERSONAL QUESTIONS
Note:
(1) No answers to the personal questions will be provided.
(2) You can put these questions (and your answers which will remain with
you) to a number of uses, if you would so like, e.g. .....
(a) personal diary;
(b) to enhance memory;
(c) to sharpen your answering capability;
(d) to hone your general awareness, talents, intelligence, nature,
mood, temperament, etc.
(e) to gather experience, etc.
(3) Sometimes, some questions may be abstract or mysterious in nature,
but they are otherwise important in their own way. You should be careful
while answering them.
EXERCISE
1. Mention the names of languages you know.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
2. What is the importance of learning language? (3-4 lines)

3. Should a person know just one language or more than one? Why?
(3-4 lines)
4. Why does language change with passage of time? (2-3 lines)
5. How many languages should children be taught at school? Why?
(2-3 lines)
6. Dont you think teaching children so many languages puts an extra

burden on their minds? Explain in a few lines?
7. Which language are you most adept in? Why does it attract you so much?
(3-4 lines)


DAY-TO-DAY CONVERSATION
Dear Readers,
The two friends, Reena and Reema, have been discussing Non-finites and
other topics in the past some issues.
Lets see what they discuss today.
Reema : Hello, Reena! How do you do?
Reena : How do you do?
Reema : I suggest that we should continue studying the use of Present
Participles as Adjectives as I have found this subject extremely
interesting.
Reena : Im glad to here this. I agree with you. So, heres matter for you.
EXERCISE
(For Reema and ET Readers)
USE OF PRESENT PARTICIPLES AS ADJECTIVES
Use the following Present Participles as Adjectives in sentences of your

own:
1. (a) Present Participle: Abiding
(b) Usage:
2. (a) Present Participle: Resounding

(b) Usage:
3. (a) Present Participle: Acting

(b) Usage:

4. (a) Present Participle: Admiring
(b) Usage:
5. (a) Present Participle: Advertising

(b) Usage:
6. (a) Present Participle: Changing

(b) Usage:
7. (a) Present Participle: Binding

(b) Usage:
8. (a) Present Participle: Weight-bearing (load-bearing)

(b) Usage:
9. (a) Present Participle: Answering

(b) Usage:
10. (a) Present Participle: Anticipating

(b) Usage:
11. (a) Present Participle: Speaking

(b) Usage:
12. (a) Present Participle: Approaching

(b) Usage:
13. (a) Present Participle: Approving

(b) Usage:
14. (a) Present Participle: Rising

(b) Usage:
15. (a) Present Participle: Assessing

(b) Usage:
16. (a) Present Participle: Assaulting

(b) Usage:


FORMATION OF WORDS
Directions:
(i) Given below is a starting word or part of a word.
(a) S E N
(b) When we add to it, A R Y at the end, it becomes
(c) S E N A R Y
(d) Meaning: by sixes.
(ii) Similarly, in each of the following cases,
(a) the starting word or the first part of the word is given; you are to
(b) add one or more letters at the end;
(c) write the new word;
(d) convey the same meaning as given.
Follow the steps given below for the formation of new words:
Start Now:
1. (a) Word or part of a word: S A V
(b) Letter/s added:
(c) New word:
(d) Meaning: with appetizing taste or smell.
2. (a) Word or part of a word: S T R I N
(b) Letter/s added:
(c) New word:
(d) Meaning: (of rules, slipulations): strict, precise.
3. (a) Word or part of a word: T E M
(b) Letter/s added:
(c) New word:
(d) Meaning: of this world, secular.
4. (a) Word or part of a word: U N I
(b) Letter/s added:
(c) New word:
(d) Meaning: oneness.

5. (a) Word or part of a word: Y I D
(b) Letter/s added:
(c) New word:
(d) Meaning: a form of old German.
6. (a) Word or part of a word: W E A
(b) Letter/s added:
(c) New word:
(d) Meaning: (i) snow tractor (ii) a small carnivoruous quadruped.
7. (a) Word or part of a word: A
(b) Letter/s added:
(c) New word:
(d) Meaning: (a nautical term) stop, cease.
8. (a) Word or part of a word: B A
(b) Letter/s added:
(c) New word:
(d) Meaning: grotesque, whimsical.
9. (a) Word or part of a word: B A R
(b) Letter/s added:
(c) New word:
(d) Meaning: (i) pincers placed on horses nose.
(ii) arctic goose.
(iii) follower who cannot be shaken off.
10. (a) Word or part of a word: B U
(b) Letter/s added:
(c) New word:
(d) Meaning: rustic, pastoral, of shepherds.
11. (a) Word or part of a word: B U R
(b) Letter/s added:
(c) New word:
(d) Meaning: citizen of European descent.

12. (a) Word or part of a word: B U R
(b) Letter/s added:
(c) New word:
(d) Meaning: inhabitant of a borough.
13. (a) Word or part of a word: C H I
(b) Letter/s added:
(c) New word:
(d) Meaning: chase, scamper.
14. (a) Word or part of a word: C H I
(b) Letter/s added:
(c) New word:
(d) Meaning: spring onion.
LITTLE SCHOLARZ PVT. LTD.

Golden Days is a story about a young simple girl who
steps into an engineering college and falls in love with a
boy. Her life starts oscillating in two directions when
another boy of her class starts loving her. Both the boys
become crucial part of her life. She learns engineering
and many crucial lessons of life as well in the company of
both the boys...
Book Code : S-323, ISBN : 978-93-84376-33-8,
Pages : 312, Size : 180 193 mm, Price : ` 150
Mirage is a story of an ordinary girl, Neena, with extra-

ordinary courage. She is disdained by her parents for not
living upto their expectations and in spite of them warning
her she gets into an ugly mess and is disowned by her
family. This is a story of love, relationships, friendship,
betrayal, faith, revenge and forgiveness.
Book Code : S-331, ISBN : 978-93-84376-41-3,
Pages : 216, Size : 121 193 mm, Price : ` 150
Distributed by:

VERBAL DIAGRAM
Directions:
(a) Below is given a Verbal Diagram with the letters G T at the
Apex.
(b) Below the top, there are blocks up to the base.
(c) Each block is divided into sub-blocks.
(d) In each block, one sub-block on either side goes on increasing or
decreasing in the descending order from the top to the base as shown.
(e) Starting and ending should be with the letters given.
(f) You can use abbreviations, but the full word for each abbreviation should
be given as a note under the Diagram.
(g) There can be more than one answer in some cases, but only one answer
is given in the Answer Corner for your convenience.
No. of
Letters
1 G
G
3 G T
1
5 G N
2
7 G L
3
9 G Y
4
11 G E
5
13 G N
6
11 H E
7
9 H Y
8
7 H L
9
5 H Y
10
3 H T
11
1 H
H


ONE WORD SUBSTITUTION
Give one word for each of the following:
1. Device on vehicle recording speeds and travel-times.
2. Ornamental festoon of flowers, fruit, etc.
3. Boat with three hulls side by side.
4. Police dog tracking by scent.
5. Self-contained under-water breathing apparatus.
6. Sounding as from a single source.
7. System in which position is determined by academic ability.
8. Change, usually rapid, between immature form and adult.
9. Elementary particle having no charge and negligible mass.
10. Pleasure-boat harbour.
11. Protein preventing development of virus in cell.
12. Compression of air between simultaneous closures in glottis and mouth.

13. Permanently open telephone line, especially for diplomatic emergencies.
14. Person rejecting conventional standards and organised society in favour

of unconstrained living.
15. Drug causing hallucinations.

READERS DELIGHTBIOGRAPHY BOOKS*
A-25 Rabindranath Tagore ......... ` 35 A-70 Subhash Chandra Bose ........ ` 35
A-26 Mahatma Gandhi ................. ` 35 A-71 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar .................. ` 35
A-27 Indira Gandhi ....................... ` 35 A-72 Dhirubhai Ambani .................. ` 35
A-28 Mother Teresa .................... ` 35 A-73 Dr. S. Radhakrishnan ............. ` 35
A-29 Sarojini Naidu ....................... ` 35 A-74 Pt. Madan Mohan Malaviya ... ` 35
A-30 Swami Vivekananda .......... ` 35 A-75 Chandra Shekhar Azad ......... ` 35
A-31 Sardar Patel ......................... ` 35 A-76 Lala Lajpat Rai ......................... ` 35
A-32 Balgangadhar Tilak ............. ` 35 A-77 Rani Lakshmibai ..................... ` 35
A-33 Jawahar Lal Nehru ............. ` 35 A-78 Chhatrapati Shivaji ................. ` 35
A-34 Kalpana Chawla ................... ` 35 A-79 Dr. C.V. Raman ......................... ` 35
*Hindi Editions Also Available


TERMINOLOGY
BANKING TERMS
(... continues from January 2017 Issue) Net Operating Loss: A total loss
Mutual Fund: A company that that is calculated for a tax year
invests in and professionally and is attributed to business or
manages a diversified portfolio of casualty losses.
Net Present Value: Capital budgeting
securities and sells shares of the
criterion, which compares the
portfolio to investors.
present value of cash inflows of
National Electronic Fund Transfer a project discounted at the risk-
(NEFT): It is an online system for adjusted cost of capital to the
transferring funds of Indian present value of investment
financial institution. This facility outlays discounted at the risk-
is used mainly to transfer funds adjusted cost of capital.
Net Worth: Book value of a
below ` 1,00,000. The key
company's common stock,
difference between RTGS and
surplus, and retained earnings.
NEFT is that while RTGS is on Netting: An agreed offsetting of
gross settlement basis, NEFT is positions or obligations by trading
on net settlement basis. partners or participants. The
NBFC: Non-Banking Finance netting reduces a large number
Companies. of individual positions or
obligations to a smaller number
NCD: Non-Convertible Debenture.
of obligations or positions. Netting
Negative Amortization: Negative may take several forms which
amortization occurs when a loan have varying degrees of legal
payment is less than the loan's enforceability in the event of
accruing interest. This causes the default of one of the parties.
loan to grow instead of reduce or No Cash Out Refinance: A home
amortize. Also known as deferred loan, which is at a lower interest,
an amount which does not go
interest.
over the closing costs and the
Net Income: The amount that is left outstanding principal of the
after paying the taxes is called original mortgage.
the net income. (to be continued...)

SOCIAL SCIENCES TERMS
(... continues from January 2017 Issue)
Economic Surplus: Lenskis term Egoistic Suicide: Durkheims term
for the amount of goods and ser- for suicide performed by an indi-
vice produced in a sociocultural vidual who has not sufficiently
system over and above what is integrated into the social order.
Elder Abuse: Acts of violence or
needed to keep productive
neglect directed at the elderly,
classes alive and industrious.
often by family members.
Economy: The organization of pro-
Elite: Men and women who occupy
duction and distribution of goods
the highest positions of the domi-
and services within a sociocul- nant institutions of a society and
tural system. who consequently hold enormous
Ecosystem: A self-sustaining com- power.
munity of plants and animals Elite Crime: Criminal behaviour of
within a natural environment. elites that is part of their normal
Education: The transmission of activity, such as evading taxes,
knowledge to members of soci- hiring illegal immigrants as do-
ety. The knowledge passed on mestics, or engaging in insider
comprises technical and cultural trading.
Elitist: The attitude that some are
knowledge, technical and social
better than others and have a
skills, and the norms and values
right to the extraordinary privi-
of the society.
lege, power and wealth accorded
Education System: The system of them. Alternatively, one who sub-
formalized transmission of knowl- scribes to the theory that there
edge and values operating within is a power elite in American so-
a given society. ciety.
Educational Deflation: The devalu- Emigration. The movement of
ing of education as a result of the people out of their native land to
forces of supply and demand. other countries.
Egalitarian Family: A family in Empire: A group of states under a
which power is shared more or single government.
Empirical: Pertaining to social data
less equally by both partners.
or facts that are based on sys-
Ego: Freuds term for the part of the
tematic observation or measure-
self that represents reason and
ment.
common sense. (to be continued...)

BOOK REVIEW
Complete & Unabridged
MANSFIELD PARK
Published LITTLE SCHOLARZ, 12-H, New Daryaganj
by Road, Opp. Officers Mess, New Delhi-110002
ISBN No.: 978 93 84376 58 1 Book Code: S-348
Printed Pages: 392 Price: ` 175
Mansfield Park is the third published novel by Jane Austen, first published
in 1814. The novel tells the story of Fanny Price starting when her
overburdened family sends her at age 10 to live in the household of her
wealthy aunt and uncle, through to her marriage.
There is a great question, which seems to preoccupy Austen in writing
Mansfield Park. Is character formed in relation to environment and
opportunity? Or is character the innate tendencies to be good or evil,
moral or amoral, quiet or loud. Most importantly, how far can one
change by adapting to ones environment. The example of Fanny Price
displays the difficulty in finding definite answers to such questions.
Fanny first appears as the poor relation from Portsmouth and is small,
awkward, and shy. The absence of family identity makes Fanny a displaced
person: she feels homesick wherever she is. When at Mansfield she longs
for Portsmouth, and when she finally returns to Portsmouth at eighteen
she discovers that Mansfield is where she belongs. She returns to find
Mansfield shattered by scandal and disgrace, and to be placed at the
center of what has remained of the Bertram family.
What is striking and confusing is how the pious Fanny manages to be
perfectly happy when surrounded by the misery of those close to her,
while she was miserable when these same people were happily enjoying
their lives. Isnt Austen thus questioning goodness or at least the
saintliness in Fannys character? The novel poses several such disturbing
questions, which challenge values like tradition and stability, which it
appears to praise.

Austen doesnt present all change as negative, but merely states that for
change to be positive it must be natural. Fanny, the pillar of goodness
and morality clearly expresses this idea: How wonderful, how very wonderful
the operations of time and the changes of the human mind. Fannys
philosophical ideas are an indication of her intellectual advancement, which
was made possible by the opportunities she now had at Mansfield Park.
Thus Austen also expresses her views on the importance of environment
in shaping or even changing ones character.
In Mansfield Park Austen also proves herself to be a truly feminist writer.
Few male characters in her novels are attractive, intelligent, and in
command. It might be hard to see how an introverted, shy, enduring
character like Fanny Price could be seen as a feminist figure, but Fanny
is indeed a silent hero. When she refuses to marry the rich Henry Crawford
she is accused of being stubborn, selfish, and ungrateful. Fanny is, of
course, merely trying to be true to herself. Even the good-natured Edmund
is not Fannys equal. He can be too easily tempted by female charms,
whereas Fanny stands firm, upholding her beliefs and her morality.
The ending of the novel presents the outcome of the battle between good
and evil, the consequences of the great crisis. While Austen presents evil
masked in beauty throughout her novel, her ending proves that good can
indeed be masked in evil, as a result of certain outside factors.
The story, throughout, captivates readers and makes a good read.

R. Guptas
INTELLIGENCE
QUIZ BOOKS
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SAME WORDS USED AS
DIFFERENT PARTS OF SPEECH
Use the following words as different parts of speech as directed:
1. Look
(a) Verb:
(b) Noun:
2. Call
(a) Noun:
(b) Verb:
3. Bid
(a) Noun:
(b) Verb:
4. Rent
(a) Noun:
(b) Verb:
5. Bent
(a) Noun:
(b) Verb:
6. Suit
(a) Noun:
(b) Verb:
7. Land
(a) Noun:
(b) Verb:
8. Book
(a) Noun:
(b) Verb:

10. Will
9. Wind
11. Cause
12. Promise
(b) Verb:
(b) Verb:
(b) Verb:
(b) Verb:
(a) Noun:
(a) Noun:
(a) Noun:
(a) Noun:
Book Code: S-190 Book Code: S-188
ISBN: 978-93-83299-10-2 ISBN: 978-93-83299-08-9
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P u p il
FINDING ERRORS
EXERCISE-1
Tick the correct alternative:

1. We (may, ought to, would) be regular and punctual.
2. (May, Will, Should) I come in, Sir?
3. (Should, Could, Must) I use your phone?
4. You (might, must, can) brush your teeth before going to school.
5. You (mustnt, have to) touch my toys, they may break.
6. This box (will, might, should) be full of chocolates.
7. You (would, shall) not pluck the flowers.
8. We (should, will) respect our elders.
9. She (might, may, would) come by 9 Oclock.
10. (May, Will, Shall) I go to toilet, sir?
11. I listened to him. (However, Thus) I didnt understand him.
12. Tina fell off the roof (and, because) got herself injured.
13. Robert is plump (but, and) anaemic.
14. You must obey me (and, or) you will be punished.
15. He was humiliated. (Therefore, However) he left the place unceremo-
niously.
EXERCISE-2
Choose the correct form of the verb, given in the brackets:

1. Tom will not go for a picnic, if it (snow, snows).
2. Whom in your class you like the most? (do, does)

3. The boy into the lake without any fear (jump, jumps)
4. Some oldies like the modern lifestyle (do not, does not).
5. My brother daily a glass of orange juice after lunch (take,
takes).
EXERCISE-3
Choose the correct alternative from the words given in the brackets:
1. What (is, am, are) you looking for?

2. Mr Horn (is, am, are) going on his maiden hunting trip tonight.
3. She (is, am, are) not dusting the furniture.
4. Why (is, am, are) he scattering the pieces of paper on the

floor?
5. Mrs Smith (is, am, are) walking with a stick.
EXERCISE-4
Rewrite the following sentences removing all the errors:
1. You as well as I am happy.
2. He could not complete the work in spite of supported by his friends.
3. She succeeded to pass the examination.
4. Which is the fastliest animal in the world?

5. What book did you read last week?
6. What did he said to you?
7. Why you cannot do this job?
8. Where you can find such variety?
9. Who did say this?
10. What did happen?

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PUNCTUATION
Punctuate the following passage:
what is the intrinsic worth of sport sport is an activity which has no worth of
its own whats productive about hitting a ball with a hockey stick or a tennis
racquet, or whats materially useful about being the fastest runner in the world
the real beauty of sport lies in playing it and all of us have felt a high when weve
sprinted very fast done brisk climbing up a mountain hit a good straight drive
in cricket played a role in the creation of a football goal or smashed the
badminton shuttle across the net as novice athletes weve loved sport for it
leads us to a great physical and spiritual high
but when were merely watchers the fans and the nationalist nation lovers
medals for india in events such as the olympics are a boost to the natioal pride
what a brilliant doctor or engineer cant do a sportsperson can do boost the
pride of the nation prove that our countrys people are no physical weaklings
that in a contest of physical strength and speed we too can do well when we
were growing up in the 1980s there was only one event we looked forward to
when it was time for the olympics hockey the moment indias hockey hopes
faded wed stop hoping for a medal for india but now we had realistic hopes of
winning medals in shooting archery tennis boxing wrestling badminton were
competitive in many events thats progress of a kind


IDIOMS & THEIR USAGE
Directions: (i) Give the meanings of the following idioms/phrases.

(ii) Use them in sentences of your own.
1. A hair-breadth escape/A narrow escape
Meaning:
Usage:
2. A square peg in a round hole
Meaning:
Usage:
3. A Herculean/an uphill task
Meaning:
Usage:
4. Again and again
Meaning:
Usage:
5. A birds eye-view
Meaning:
Usage:
6. A wet blanket
Meaning:
Usage:
7. A figure among cyphers
Meaning:
Usage:

8. A good-for-nothing fellow
Meaning:
Usage:
9. A broken reed
Meaning:
Usage:
10. A fools paradise
Meaning:
Usage:
11. Adams ale
Meaning:
Usage:
12. At throw-away prices
Meaning:
Usage:
13. A cut-throat competition
Meaning:
Usage:
14. All ready
Meaning:
Usage:
15. Armed to the teeth
Meaning:
Usage:
16. To play fast and loose with
Meaning:
Usage:


PREFIXES & SUFFIXES
EXERCISE
Add the suffix able or -ible to each of the following words and use
them in sentences of your own.
1. (a) Word: Convolve
(b) Addition of able/ible:
(c) Usage:
2. (a) Word: Cope

(c) Usage:
3. (a) Word: Copy

(c) Usage:
4. (a) Word: Cordon

(c) Usage:
5. (a) Word: Corner

(c) Usage:
6. (a) Word: Counter

(c) Usage:

7. (a) Word: Credit
(c) Usage:
8. (a) Word: Conserve
(c) Usage:
9. (a) Word: Consume
(c) Usage:
10. (a) Word: Contend
(c) Usage:
11. (a) Word: Debate
(c) Usage:
12. (a) Word: Converse
(c) Usage:
13. (a) Word: Reverse
(c) Usage:
14. (a) Word: Courtmartial
(c) Usage:
15. (a) Word: Cover
(c) Usage:


QUOTATIONS &
ABBREVIATIONS
QUOTATIONS
(ECLECTIC)
1. Lord Brahma, the top-most demigod in the universe, admits that he
cannot conceive how great Krishna is. And it is the verdict of all
Vedic literature that devotional service to this Supreme Personality
of God-head is the only thing worthwhile. In order to achieve such
a state of perfection, one must be favoured by a great soul, a pure
devotee of God. Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu
2. Atman is different from the body, senses, mind, intelligence and life.
It is pure, self-effulgent, blissful, devoid of emotions and is form-
less. Lord Sri Rama
3. Humility is of five kinds: humility in faith, in knowledge, in conduct,
in penance and in decorum or etiquette. Lord Mahavir
4. Whats mans first duty? The answers brief: To be himself.
(Henrik Ibsen. Peer Gynt.IV, i.)
5. It takes two to speak the truthone to speak, and another to hear.
Henry David Thoureau (A Week on the
Concord and Merrimack Rivers)
6. My strength is as the strength of 10, Because my heart is pure.
Lord Tennyson (Sir Galahad)
ABBREVIATIONS
Write full words for the following abbreviations:
Abbreviations Full Words
1. LEMoA =
2. DA =
3. GSSS =
4. IPC =
5. GST =
6. CIPET =

7. DoP =
8. CSR =
9. MSIL =
10. CAS =
11. WFI =
12. RFID =
13. ECC =
14. CAT =
15. FSSAI =
16. SMA =
17. VLA =
18. AGM =
19. BSF =
20. CRPF =

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NUMBER, GENDER,
CONJUGATION
NUMBER
Give plurals of the following:
Singular Plural Singular Plural
1. Zygoma 11. Watch
2. Zoo 12. Hitch
3. Zillah 13. Latch
4. Yeoman 14. Bitch
5. Zero 15. Search
6. Worry 16. Gross
7. Wolf 17. Vortex
8. Woe 18. Volley
9. Witch 19. Volcano
10. Lass 20. Glass
GENDER
Rewrite the following sentences using the opposite gender:
1. He was a great emperor who ruled the country.
2. My brother-in-law is coming tomorrow.
3. The stag was killed by the lion.
4. The boy sat behind while the girl drove the bike.
5. The executor was without any sympathy for the poor lady.
6. The men praised the actresses for their performance.

CONJUGATION
Give the Past Indefinite, Past Participle and Present Participles of the
following verbs.
Present Past Past Present
Indefinite Indefinite Participle Participle
1. Creep
2. Dry
3. Fell
4. Free
5. Flow
6. Gain
7. Greet
8. Have
9. Hang
10. Keep
11. Lose
12. Leave
13. Meet
14. Pay
15. Reply
16. Spend
17. Tell
18. Teach
19. Watch
20. Weep
21. Burst
22. Cost
23. Cut
24. Cast

Present Past Past Present
Indefinite Indefinite Participle Participle
25. Hit
26. Let
27. Put
28. Read
29. Shut
30. Spread

Little Scholarz
GANDHI
My Experiments with TruthAn Autobiography
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More
DICTIONARY OF than
SYNONYMS 2000
words
& ANTONYMS included
Price: ` 150 Printed Pages: 484 Book Code: R-205
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SPELLINGS
Give the correct spellings of the following words:

Wrong Spellings Correct Spellings
1. Dought
2. Habbit
3. Hoby
4. Refrence
5. Preferrence
6. Homogenous
7. Transitary
8. Royality
9. Scintilating
10. Devous
11. Estuory
12. Rendring
13. Diurnel
14. Feirce
15. Recieve
16. Temprature
17. Disimilar
18. Daibolical
19. Visionery
20. Congruant
21. Tiolet
22. Chrismas
23. Wonderfull
24. Untill
25. Omnisient


PREPOSITIONS
EXERCISE-1
Complete the following sentences using the preposition at:
1. my brothers success in the examination.
2. your remarks.
3. his office.
4. the progress of the work at the factory.
5. having not been sent the acknowledgment of his application.
6. the present moment.
7. 5 p.m.
8. having been given so big gift packs.
9. She is overjoyed .
10. his way of working.
11. India won many medals .
12. Do it .
13. his bad performance in the match.
14. She is quite good .
15. You can win a bronze medal .
16. her knowledge of science.
17. he is a good player of hockey.
18. your making friends with her.

19. Nobody could beat Yeats when .
20. having not won the contest.
21. Dont open your mouth there if you want to go with me .
22. the cry in the distance.
23. This vehicle gives a lot of noise .
24. Everything lay in his room.
25. Well go .
EXERCISE-2
Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions:
1. He is very weak English.

2. Come , please.
3. You can count me for help.

4. She dived the tank.
5. We were bathing the tank.
6. He is at home repairing watches.

7. They follow a dog the manger policy.
8. Im returning a jiffy.
9. They sleep the open.

10. Why do you cut when we are talking?
11. He has enlisted the army.
12. Do not put your money a weak horse.

13. They began to quarrel a trifle.
14. What is lying the table?

15. She made a speech global warming.
16. Its no use flying kites a windy day.
17. The cow lives grass.
18. Death dishonour.
19. what topic can you speak efficiently?
20. How many birds are perching the wire.
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R-1432 Biology Dictionary ` 45 R-676 English Grammar ` 40
R-477 Chemistry Dictionary ` 45 R-1008 Chemistry Formulae
R-478 Zoology Dictionary ` 45 & Definitions ` 45
R-479 Botany Dictionary ` 45 R-1007 Physics Formulae
R-480 Science Dictionary ` 45 & Definitions ` 45
R-517 Mathematics Dictionary ` 45 R-1009 Mathematics Formulae
R-523 Physics Dictionary ` 45 & Definitions ` 55
R-184 Essays, Letters, R-1010 Science (PCM) Formulae
Grammar etc (English) ` 55 & Definitions ` 50


CLOZE TEST
Fill in the blanks with suitable words:
(1) convergence (2) technology (3) business (4) led to a fast pace
change (5) the skill set needs of the employees. (6) hiring new
resources and spending hugely (7) it one can train the existing employees
and help (8) (9) their growth process. Training enables professionals
to increase (10) IPR, which can stay even (11) they move (12) . Needs
(13) driven (14) a dynamic market place that is changing (15) a fast pace
hence, the customers expectations (16) created a need (17) fast track
remedy which (18) personalised and customised as (19) the situation.
There is a need of specialised professionals or corporate trainers (20) serve

(21) same. A corporate trainer handles training programmes (22) works
(23) a business environment to (24) improve the skills of (25) employ-
ees. Indian corporate training market is large (26) lucrative. Therefore,
Corporate Training is becoming a major career (27) ; specially (28) growing
economies (29) India (GDP figures (30) top 5 already).
R.Gupta's
BETTER
WORD POWER
A Perfect Book to Learn, Test and Enhance
Your English Vocabulary for Various Exams
Price: ` 60 ISBN: 81-7812-079-8 Pages: 200
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TRANSFORMATION
Read the following and attempt the exercise that follows:
1. (i) Macbeth is the best play in English. (Superlative)
(ii) Macbeth is better than any other play in English. (Comparative)
(iii) No other play in English is so good as Macbeth. (Positive)
2. (i) Shimla is one of the coldest cities in India. (Superlative)
(ii) Shimla is colder than most other cities in India. (Comparative)
(iii) Very few cities in India are as cold as Shimla. (Positive)
3. (i) Jehangir was not the most famous of all Moghul emperors.
(Superlative)
(ii) Jehangir was more famous than some Moghul emperors.
(Comparative)
Or Some other Moghul emperors were not less famous than
Jehangir.
(iii) Some Moghul emperors were at least as famous as Jehangir.
(Positive)
EXERCISE-1
Rewrite each of the sentences changing the degree of comparison as

directed without changing the meaning:
1. Jack is the most courageous boy in our friendly circle.
Positive:
2. This is the most expensive pen I have bought.
Comparative:
3. Pollock is stronger than most other boys of his age.
Positive:
4. Platinum is the most precious metal in the world.
Positive:

5. Hamlet is the best play in English.
Comparative:
6. The North Pole is cooler than any other place in the world.
Superlative:
7. Mexico City is one of the biggest cities in the world.
Comparative:
8. No other English playwright is as good as Shakespeare.
Superlative:
9. Lead is heavier than most other metals.
Positive:
10. No other member of his family is as good as he.
Superlative:
EXERCISE-2
(Note: Except for exceptions, in case there is a Past Tense in the Principal
Clause there must be a Past Tense in the Subordinate Clause also)
Complete the following sentences using the subordinate clause:
1. I did not ask him .
2. He informed me .
3. Nobody knew .
4. I learnt from Suresh .
5. He ran so fast .
6. He did not know .
7. She was asking .
8. I would not attend the meeting .
9. She did not listen to anybody .
10. He did not remember (the place) .

PRONUNCIATION
EXERCISE-1
Give the pronunciation of specified letters in the following words:

1. (i) Word: Fisherman
(ii) Specified Letters: (a) sher (b) man
(iii) Pronunciation:
2. (i) Word: Giraffe

(ii) Specified Letters: Gi
3. (i) Word: Gimlet

4. (i) Word: Gimcrack

5. (i) Word: Gilded

(ii) Specified Letters: ded
6. (i) Word: Perpetrate

(ii) Specified Letters: (a) Per (b) pe
7. (i) Word: Some

(ii) Specified Letters: Some

8. (i) Word: Seed
(ii) Specified Letters: ee
9. (i) Word: Question

(ii) Specified Letters: tion
10. (i) Word: Queue

(ii) Specified Letters: ueue
11. (i) Word: Quick

(ii) Specified Letters: ui
12. (i) Word: Peculiarity

(ii) Specified Letters: cu

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VOCABULARY
EXERCISE
Give at least one Synonym for each of the following words and phrases:
Word Synonym Word Synonym
1. Do 20. Think
2. Death 21. Hate
3. Exist 22. Attract
4. Life 23. Repulsion
5. Kind 24. Ever
6. Kindness 25. Naked
7. Loyal 26. About
8. Loyalty 27. Halt
9. Treat 28. Loving
10. Treatment 29. Beautiful
11. Clinch 30. Beau
12. Leave 31. Accord with
13. Abandon 32. According to
14. Alone 33. In accordance with
15. Frequently 34. In place of
16. A, an 35. Shortly
17. Abate 36. Thereafter
18. Sure 37. Strongly
19. Bring 38. Thoroughly

Word Synonym Word Synonym
39. In conclusion 55. Annoy
40. As a result of 56. Alloy
41. Besides this 57. Friend
42. Moving ahead 58. Accomplice
43. As far as my views 59. Pattern
are concerned
60. Hard
44. Weak
61. Generous
45. Weaken
46. Breakable 62. Quickly
47. Foolish 63. Loiter
48. Busy 64. Puke
49. Empty 65. Puny

50. Brave 66. Pitiable
51. Glorious 67. Dangerous
52. Bright 68. Accomplish
53. Constant 69. Love
54. Agree 70. Hate

R.Gupta's
SCHOOL
ESSAYS & LETTERS
with
Paragraphs Stories Comprehension


LANGUAGE GAMES
Read the following and do the exercise given thereunder:
Adjective Phrases: A Phrase which does the function of an adjective is called
an Adjective Phrase e.g.
1. (a) Rhoades has a black dog. (Adjective)
(b) Rhoades has a dog with black fur. (Adjective Phrase)
2. (a) She is a cheerful girl. (Adjective)
(b) She is a girl of cheerful nature. (Adjective Phrase)
EXERCISE-1
Point out the Adjective Phrases in the following sentence:

1. Leela is a girl of sharp mental ability.
2. The flowers of violet colour began to dance in the soft breeze.
3. The boy with brown hair is my cousin.
4. We passed through the forest full of mysterious sounds.
5. Jack is a man of sharp wit.
6. A log of wood fell down into the river.

7. I have a chair made of wood.
8. A bird in hand is worth two in the bush.
9. The swords with sharp edges began to clash with each other.
10. The cloud of dust floated in the air.
EXERCISE-2
Fill in the blanks with a verb in agreement with its subject:

1. Winky and Rinky the girls of modern society.
2. The old woman, lean and feeble, no power to say anything.
3. The black and the white dogs barking at the beggar.
4. Nikki or her friends to win this match to qualify for the final.
5. My brother going to make his maiden speech today.
6. Every boy and girl learned martial arts.
7. I as well as you to blame.
8. Two and two four.
9. All the tribals been thrown into dingy and stuffy cells by the
king.
10. The cattle being burnt alive to eradicate the foot and mouth
disease.
11. Neither of them courageous enough to face such a tough
guy.
12. Each of the boys blessed by the priest.

THINK IT OVER
Write a note on the significance of the
Ring Episode in Merchant of Venice.
Or
Write a note on the dramatic neccessity
or otherwise of the fifth Act.

R. Guptas
MULTIPLE USES OF
WORDS
An effective book to understand the multiple
uses of English words with word analysis,
characterstics, parts of speech, combination,
affixes and figurative use of words
Book Code: R-721 Price: ` 70 ISBN: 81-7812-215-4 Printed Pages: 348

QUIPS
INTRODUCTORY
Were living in a world of extraordinary stress and strain. It is important for
us to de-stress ourselves every now and then. Nothing can help an average
reader more than a brief reading of humorous anecdotes, quips and jokes.
Given below are a few light moment expressions and dialogues for inducing
gentle smiles, if not horse laughs.
1. A : How would you balance on a rope like a jugglers child?
B : Id balance my body and mind together.
2. A : What would you do if somebody cheats you?
B : Id make him out of my sight.
3. A : How would you manage a recalcitrant employee?
B : By managing his/her time and working.
4. Mother : Why do you eat my head?
Child : Mom, you told me to eat some nutritious things also, not just
chapatties and vegetables.
5. A : Why do people say, old is gold?
B : Because gold has come down to the young from the old
people.
FROM THE NEWSPAPER
1. Indecent Proposal
A woman was being questioned in a court trial involving slander. Please
repeat the slanderous statements you heard, exactly as you heard
them, instructed the lawyer. The witness hesitated. But they are unfit
for any respectable person to hear, she protested. Then, said the
attorney, just whisper them to the judge.
2. University Rules
Proper attire is required in the cafeteria at the University of Maine. To
enforce that rule, the management posted this notice: Shoes are
required to eat in this cafeteria. Next to it, a student added, Socks can
eat wherever they want.

WORDS CONFUSED
& MISUSED
Use the following words in sentences of your own so as to make their
meanings clear:
1. Water:
Waiter:
2. Drawn:
Drown:
3. Habit:
Custom:
4. Seat:
Sitting:
5. Sins:
Since:
6. Scissors:
Seizure:
7. Angry:
Agree:
8. Quite:
Quiet:
Quit:
9. Ring:
Wring:

10. Right:
Write:
11. One:
Won:
12. Dew:
Due:
13. Wide:
Wild:
14. Beside:
Besides:

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QUIZ TIME
EXERCISE
Complete the following proverbs/sayings:

1. Some are born great, some become great, .
2. Live and .
3. A burnt child .
4. Tit for .
5. As you sow, .
6. Life is a .
7. Man proposes, .
8. Home, home, . OR
East or west, .
9. A bad workman .
10. Our sweetest songs are those .
11. Nothing comes out .
12. Like dog .
13. A wise enemy is .
14. Luck favours .
15. Cowards die .
16. Nothing succeeds .
17. A bad workman quarrels .
18. The nearer the church, .

19. Man proposes, .
20. A bird in hand is worth .
21. You cannot kill a dog .
22. Those who live in glass houses .
23. Wisdom prevails .
24. Better to have loved and lost .
25. Do not count your chickens .
READERS DELIGHT
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World Famous
PERSONALITIES
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R. Guptas
WORLD QUIZ BOOK
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G
L
O
VERBAL NIAGRA FALL B
E
A
Directions:
(a) Given below is a word containing 7 letters.
(b) Descending under each letter you are to supply a word of your own by
filling in each box.
(c) Your word should tally in meaning with one of the meanings given.
(d) At the end of each of your words write the number of the given meaning
with which it tallies.
(e) Your word should contain the number of letters as per boxes given.
Given Word L A M P R E Y
Your
Words
No.
No. No.
No.
No. No.
Meanings: No.
1. Miscellaneous collection
2. Steep slope
3. Pay or settle a debt
4. Fermented liquor made from milk
5. Affected person
6. Clearly seen or understood
7. Return to a less advanced stage

POTPOURRI
Directions: You are to report some good news to the disabled persons on the
World Disabled Day December 3. Please write the news item in
not more than a hundred words.

R.Gupta's GENERAL KNOWLEDGE BOOKS
Book Code: R-1716 Book Code: R-9 Book Code: R-11 Book Code: R-1739
Price: ` 38 PP: 140 Price: ` 145 PP: 544 Price: ` 240 PP: 824 Price: ` 130 PP: 472


TALKING TO THE AUTHOR
(Face-to-Face with the Author)

Dear Readers,
You are hereby invited to send your queries on the English language and
grammar. A few of the best queries received will be printed every month.
QUERIES
Q.1. Please state briefly about the following:
1. Patois 2. Prolative 3. Portmanteau
Ans. 1. Patois
(i) The term refers to the dialect of common people in a district.
(ii) It differs materially from the literary language.
(iii) The word is pronounced as patwah.
2. Prolative
(i) The word is an adjective.
(ii) It refers to a word which serves to extend or complete the
predication.
Example
(a) You may come.
(b) In the above sentence come is an infinitive that
completes the predicative part of the sentence.
(c) Hence, here come is a prolative adjective.
3. Portmanteau
(i) The word is derived from French where it is the combination
of port + manteau (mantle).
(ii) In English the word means:
(a) A leather trunk-like bag for clothes, etc. that opens into
two equal parts.
(b) Figuratively, the word indicates the blending of sounds
and combining the meanings of two others.
Example
(a) Smoke + fog = Smog
(b) Lithe + slimy = Slithy

CHAIN ANAGRAM SETS
Directions:
1. Given below are 6 anagram sets. You are to complete the sets by filling
in blank boxes.
2. (i) (a) In the first set, the first word given is TRIANGLE.
(b) Therefore, for the anagram INTEGRAL, the last letter L is given.
(ii) After each set, a blank box is given.
(iii) In each set (except the first)
(a) the last two letters of the first word are given.
(b) the last letter of the second word is given.
(iv) Each new set starts with the last letter of the preceding set.
3. You should not repeat any of the words in the whole chain of sets.
4. You may treat ch as one letter (being one syllable), though occupying
two boxes or two letters, as necessary.
(A)
1
R I A N G L E L 2
S P P
(B)
U G P R T P
3 4
(C)
S S S I P S
5 6

R.Gupta's
POPULAR
ENGLISH GRAMMAR
WITH HINDI EXPLANATIONS
RAMESH PUBLISHING HOUSE, 12-H, New Daryaganj Road, New Delhi-2


? ??
WHAT IF ...
Study the following imaginative situation with four options and then
frame your own options for the situations that follow:
What if children started behaving like grown-ups and grown-ups like
children .........
Options:
(a) Itd be a strange sudden change which would be highly baffling.
(b) Itd a matter of great interest and research for the psychologists and
psychiatrists, provided they also have not changed their nature.
(c) Since children would be behaving like the grown-ups it can be
presumed that they must become competent to deal with the situation.
(d) The situation might be allowed to prevail and take its due course.
Now, frame your own options for the situations given below:
1. What if animals changed into plants and plants into animals .......
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
2. What if mosquitoes changed into glow-worms .......

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
3. What if all the books in libraries changed into books of philosophy .......
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)


CHAIN WORDS
Directions:
1. Given below are a number of boxes.
2. (i) Each box contains one half of a word;
(ii) The other half of the word lies in the second box, placed below, above,
to left or right of the first box.
(iii) In this way, all the boxes together form a continuous chain of words.
(iv) The different (full) words thus formed may or may not have any
relationship to each other except the one explained in (i) and (ii) above.
3. You are to write all the full words in the space provided below the boxes.
4. You start from the first box on the top right or left and finish at the last
box on bottom right or left.
5. You can move on any side but the chain must not be broken.
6. The second part of each word will become the first part of the next word.
7. The boxes given below are only an example. Taking a cue from this
method, you should try to write your own chain words in the blanks.
8. You are not to repeat any word or part of the word.
9. A combining form may be taken as a word.
AUG UR GE NE AT
GO ER AST LE TACK
AL SO ME AN OTHER
HER OT ING LY WISE
SELF LESS ON TO OL
(Important Clue: There are 24 words in all.)
Now, write the words below:
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6.
7. 8. 9.
10. 11. 12.
13. 14. 15.
16. 17. 18.
19. 20. 21.
22. 23. 24.
Note: Not only it is important that you fill in the blanks, but it is also important as to how much
time you take in doing so. Please look at your watch before and after you start doing so.


LITERATURE
Tick () the correct answer:
1. In which essay of Charles Lamb do the following words appear:
Credulity is the mans weakness, but the childrens strength.
A. Imperfect Sympathies
B. The Two Races of Men
C. Witches and Other Night Fears
D. Mrs Battles Opinions on Whist
2. In which work of Tennyson does the following song appear:
Tears, Idle Tears
A. The Princess, a Medley B. Maud
C. Lotos Eaters D. In Memoriam
3. Pilgrim fathers
A. were happy-go-lucky fellows
B. belonged to ruling classes
C. were aborigines of America
D. had high Puritan ideas
4. Who is the writer of the short story Barbers Trade Union?
A. RK Narayan B. Mulk Raj Anand
C. RN Tagore D. Khushwant Singh
5. What is Spensers series of sonnets captioned?
A. Amoretti B. Astrophel and Stella
C. Human Seasons D. Holy Sonnets
6. Who among the following was not a character writer?
A. Joseph Hall B. Sir Thomas Overbury
C. John Earle D. Nashe
7. Which of the following is condemned in Sir Thomas Mores Utopia?
A. Love of this world B. Love of beauty
C. Scholasticism D. A democratic society

8. What according to W. Allen is the theme of Great Expectations?
A. Freedom B. Adventure
C. Money D. Tolerance
9. Who among the following was not a Georgian poet?
A. Walter de la Mare B. WB Yeats
C. WH Davies D. Rupert Brooke
10. Who is the writer of Appreciations?
A. Walter Pater B. Oscar Wilde
C. Carlyle D. Cicero

Little Scholarz
Benjamin Franklin
Book Code: S-194 Price: ` 95
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The Diary of a
Young Girl
Book Code: S-185 Price: ` 125
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TRANSLATION
TECHNIQUES
An Immensely Useful Book to Learn English
Translation Techniques with Great Ease
Printed Pages : 352 ISBN: 81-7812-169-7


CAN YOU REMEMBER !
Directions: Look at the following picture for ten seconds.
After ten seconds stop looking and cover the picture.
Now answer the following questions based on the above

picture to test your power of remembering things.
1. The picture depicts the scene of a .............. .

2. How many persons are visible in the picture?
3. All the persons are standing. True/False

4. All the persons are working. True/False
5. Is there a globe visible? Yes/No
6. Is there a computer visible? Yes/No

7. How many persons are sitting around the round table?
8. How many persons are wearing caps?
9. The teacher is holding a ............. in her hand.

10. There is a ............. flying in the room.

N OXFORD LEXICONS
E C WORD OF THE YEAR
W L Post-truth: Relating to or denoting circumstances in
which objective facts are less influential in shaping public
S I opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief.
P Adulting: Practice of behaving in a way characteristic of
a responsible adult. Brexiteer: Person in favour of the
UK withdrawing from the European Union. Alt-right: An ideological grouping associated
with extreme conservative or reactionary viewpoints, characterised by a rejection of
mainstream politics and by the use of online media to disseminate controversial content.
Chatbot: Computer program designed to simulate conversation with human users.
Glass cliff: Used with reference to a situation in which a woman or member of a
minority group ascends to a leadership position in challenging circumstances.

Coulrophobia: Extreme or irrational fear of clowns. Clown hysteria spread across
the world with reports of scary clown sightings and attacks by them. The frenzy was
born in South Carolina in late August. Hygge: LAST 10 YEARS IN 10 WORDS
A quality of cosiness and comfortable conviviality 2016 : Post-truth
that engenders a feeling of contentment or well- 2015 : Tears of joy emoji
being, regarded as a defining characteristic of 2014 : Vape
Danish culture. Latinx: A person of Latin 2013 : Selfie
2012 : Omnishambles and Gif
American origin or descent, used as a gender- 2011 : Squeezed middle
neutral or non-binary alternative to Latino or 2010 : Big society and Refudiate
Latina. Woke: Originally in African-American 2009 : Simples and Unfriend
usage meaning alert to injustice in society, 2008 : Credit crunch and Hypermiling
2007 : Carbon footprint and Locovore
especially racism.
R. Guptas
ENRICH YOUR
WORD POWER
An Effective Book in Multiple Choice Questions
Format to Enhance Your Vocabulary, with
Answers and Explanations
Book Code: R-806 Price: ` 95 ISBN: 81-7812-267-7 Printed Pages: 432

15. (a) Full word: Pre-meditated
LECTURE FORUM (b) Usage: We must act according to
pre-meditated plan.
1. (a) Full word: Lumbered 16. (a) Full word: Melodized
(b) Usage: I do not like lumbered and (b) Usage: Which melodist has cre-
laboured lines of poetry. ated this highly melodized song?
2. (a) Full word: Luxated
(b) Usage: He was in a state of great IN SIMPLE TERMS
pain due to his luxated shoulder
bone.
3. (a) Full word: Luxuriated EXERCISE-1
(b) Usage: The luxuriated guests were 1. site
in a mood of revelry. 2. calligraphy
4. (a) Full word: Macadamized 3. There are no hard and fast rules for
(b) Usage: Vehicles move smoothly working honestly.
on macadamized roads. 4. One who is powerful has the right to do
5. (a) Full word: Magnetized/Magnetised anything he likes.
(b) Usage: The magnetized small
audience listened to the orator with EXERCISE-2
a rapt attention.
6. (a) Full word: Mesmerized 1. some, a
(b) Usage: The mesmerized lookers- 2. (a) in (b) to
on witnessed the jugglers feats most 3. (a) ought to (b) could
attentively. 4. This is the house that Sanjeev built.
7. (a) Full word: Magnified 5. that I had given him, Adjective clause.
(b) Usage: Magnified glass increases 6. furnished
apparent size of a thing. 7. (a) America was discovered by Co-
8. (a) Full word: Mandated lumbus.
(b) Usage: These are mandated orders (b) You are requested to grant me leave.
from the court and cannot be violated. 8. (a) My brother advised me to work
(Note: Mandatory is a better word) hard.
9. (a) Full word: Mannered (b) She exclaimed that it was a lovely
(b) Usage: I dont like mannered people. scene.
10. (a) Full word: Marked 9. She married a rich man.
(b) Usage: Please go and stand at the
10. We want help, not sympathy.
marked spot.
11. (a) Full word: Marketed
EXERCISE-3
(b) Usage: We cannot be sure about
the genuineness of all marketed 15.02.17 5.00 pm
products.
12. (a) Full word: Mashed Dear Anu
(b) Usage: Please take this drink of There was a phone call from Rajiv. He said
mashed malt. that both of you had planned to see Power Cut
13. (a) Full word: Masked running at Arora Palace today evening. He
(b) Usage: Who is that masked man? wanted me to tell you to wait for him at the main
14. (a) Full word: Measured gate.
(b) Usage: You can take either of these
two measured pieces of cloth. Rajni

EXERCISE-4 (II)
Smoke is made up of gases and millions of tiny
THE SENSE OF HUMOUR
particles of the substance being burned. In
Most of Indians are unable to laugh at industrial areas and towns, it is a health
themselves. They only laugh at others. This hazard as tiny particles enter the residents
instinct pervades the whole community and lungs and develop breathing problems. When
country. The only exception are tribals, and smoke sometimes combines with fog, it forms
that now partially only. The traditional Indian smog which can be fatal.
jokes like those of Birbal and others are just
childish and crude. The Americans and the D AY- TO-DAY
British have produced some outstanding CONVERSATION
humorists. (Words = 57)
EXERCISE-5 EXERCISE
1. (b) I have abiding faith in the future of
1. No, its not. my country.
2. There is no funding body in this country 2. (b) The chief guest was given a re-
which can give you money for such sounding welcome.
projects. 3. (b) Who is the acting Principal of your
college?
3. It does not do so because of low 4. (b) The admiring audience followed the
viewership of such programmes as com- chief guest to see him off at the gate.
pared to other shows. 5. (b) Many companies are flourishing
4. It is one of discouragement. sheerly with their advertising skill.
5. No. 6. (b) We were amazed at the changing
colours of the chameleon.
6. It is because the permission for filming in 7. (b) Please adumbrate the binding
most of national parts is a complicated clauses of the contract.
affair. 8. (b) The weight-bearing (load-bearing)
7. Many. pillars have to be dug sufficiently
8. That they should make good films and deep for the safety and durability of
give them a copy as well. the building.
9. (b) An answering maid is usually not
9. Dubious Affair of Making Wildlife Films. appreciated.
10. (b) The striking workers looked at the
MODERN GRAMMATICAL General Manager with anticipating
eyes.
P RACTICES 11. (b) They are not on speaking terms
with each other.
(I) 12. (b) We apprised them of the approach-
ing storm.
The Kalka-Shimla rail track, one of the most 13. (b) The boss gave an approving nod to
unique rail tracks in the world, has been my suggestion.
recorded in the Guinness Book of World 14. (b) We were overwhelmed with the
Records as The greatest narrow gauge beauty of the rising sun.
15. (b) She is a member of the assessing
engineering feat in India. It is 96 kilometres
authority.
long and has 103 tunnels and more than 800 16. (b) The assaulting forces moved for-
bridges. A technological marvel, it has 919 ward rapidly.
curves and passes through 20 railway sta-
tions and five level crossings. It was first
sketched in 1847 but construction contract
FORMATION OF WORDS
was signed in 1898. The work was completed
in 1903, and it was opened for the general 1. (b) OURY (c) SAVOURY
public in 1906. 2. (b) GENT (c) STRINGENT

3. (b) PORAL (c) TEMPORAL 8. Noun: She is in the good books of her
4. (b) TY (c) UNITY teachers.
5. (b) DISH (c) YIDDISH Verb: He has been booked for a heinous
6. (b) SEL (c) WEASEL crime.
7. (b) VAST (c) AVAST 9. Noun: The wind was blowing from the
8. (b) ROQUE (c) BAROQUE opposite direction.
9. (b) NACLE (c) BARNACLE Verb: Wind up the watch, please.
10. (b) COLIC (c) BUCOLIC
11. (b) GHER (c) BURGHER 10. Noun: He has done it with his own sweet
12. (b) GESS (c) BURGESS will.
13. (b) VVY (c) CHIVVY Verb: God willed otherwise.
14. (b) BOL (c) CHIBOL 11. Noun: She died for a noble cause.
Verb: Some vegetables cause gas/wind/
itching.
VERBAL DIAGRAM 12. Noun: Never make false promises.
1. GET 2. GIVEN Verb: He promised to help me.
3. GRADUAL 4. GRADUALLY
5. GLOCHIDIATE 6. GLORIFICATION FINDING ERRORS
7. HYDROGENATE 8. HYMNOLOGY
9. HANDFUL 10. HAPPY
11. HAT EXERCISE-1
1. ought to 2. May
ONE WORD SUBSTITUTION 3. Could 4. must
5. mustnt 6. might
1. Techograph 2. Swag
7. shall 8. should
3. Trimaran 4. Tracker
5. Scuba 6. Monophonic 9. may/might 10. May
7. Meritocracy 8. Metamorphosis 11. However 12. and
9. Neutrino 10. Marina 13. but 14. or
11. Interferon 12. Implosion
15. Therefore
13. Hot-line 14. Hippy, hippie
15. Hallucinogen
EXERCISE-2
SAME WORDS USED AS 1. snows 2. do
DIFFERENT PARTS OF SPEECH 3. jumps 4. do not
5. takes
1. Verb: He looks happy.
Noun: This house has a good look. EXERCISE-3
2. Noun: He gave a call to me.
Verb: Who called you a fool? 1. are 2. is
3. Noun: Ill give a bid at the auction. 3. is 4. is
Verb: He bade farewell to his country. 5. is
4. Noun: What is the rent of this building?
Verb: Ive rented a house in this colony. EXERCISE-4
5. Noun: She has a scientific bent of mind. 1. You as well as I are happy.
Verb: Ive never bent rules.
2. He could not complete the work in spite
6. Noun: What is the price of this suit?
of having been supported by his friends.
Verb: The climate of this region does not
suit me. 3. She succeeded in passing the examina-
tion.
7. Noun: The prices of land have risen.
Verb: He has landed himself in a contro- 4. Which is the fastest animal in the world?
versy. 5. Which book did you read last week?

6. What did he say to you? worthwhile, since here he is a square/
7. Why cannot you do this job? round peg in a round/square hole.
8. Where can you find such variety? 3. Meaning: an extremely difficult task
9. Who said this? Usage: To eradicate corruption from
10. What happened? public life is a Herculean/an uphill task.
4. Meaning: every now and then
Usage: When Ive told you not to come
PUNCTUATION here, why do you do so again and again?
5. Meaning: a general view
EXERCISE Usage: I had a birds eye view of the
whole situation before giving my deci-
What is the intrinsic worth of sport? Sport is
sion.
an activity which has no worth of its own
whats productive about hitting a ball with a 6. Meaning: a source of discouragement
hockey stick or a tennis racquet, or whats Usage: In every expedition/venture/
materially useful about being the fastest runner project he is a wet blanket.
in the world? 7. Meaning: a little less negative than
The real beauty of sport lies in playing it, and others when all are negative
all of us have felt a high when weve sprinted Usage: This street comprises illiterate
very fast, done brisk climbing up a mountain, residents. He, being a matriculate, is a
hit a good straight drive in cricket, played a figure among cyphers.
role in the creation of a football goal or smashed
8. Meaning: a useless person
the badminton shuttle across the net. As
Usage: Dont try to make friends with
novice athletes, weve loved sport, for it leads
him as he is a good-for-nothing fellow.
us to a great physical and spiritual high.
But when were merely watchers, the fans 9. Meaning: an unreliable person
and the nationalist nation-lovers, medals for Usage: I cant depend upon him as he
India in events such as the Olympics are a is only a broken reed.
boost to the national pride. What a brilliant
10. Meaning: an imaginary state of bliss
doctor or engineer cant do, a sportsperson
Usage: You are living only in a fools
can doboost the pride of the nation, prove
paradise if you think India is soon going
that our countrys people are no physical
to become a corruption-free country.
weaklings; that in a contest of physical strength
and speed, we too can do well. When we were 11. Meaning: plain water
growing up in the 1980s, there was only one Usage: Please give me only Adams ale,
event we looked forward to when it was time no other beverage.
for the Olympicshockey. The moment 12. Meaning: at very low prices
Indias hockey hopes faded, wed stop hoping Usage: This shop is selling goods at
for a medal for India. But now we had realistic throwaway prices.
hopes of winning medals in shooting, archery,
13. Meaning: very hard competition
tennis, boxing, wrestling, badminton. Were
Usage: There is a cut-throat competi-
competitive in many events; thats progress
tion between the builders these days.
of a kind.
14. Meaning: quite prepared
Usage: We are all ready to start work.
IDIOMS & THEIR USAGE
15. Meaning: completely armed (having/
with many weapons)
1. Meaning: a miraculous escape from
Usage: The robbers who attacked the
death, etc.
village were armed to the teeth.
Usage: In the accident he had a hair-
breadth/narrow escape. 16. Meaning: to go on changing ones stand
Usage: Do not play fast and loose with
2. Meaning: one misfit in an organisation anybodys emotions/affections/feelings/
Usage: He is unable to do anything expectations.

P REFIXES & SUFFIXES QUOTATIONS &
ABBREVIATIONS
1. (b) Convolvable
(c) This small length of thread is not 1. Logistics Exchange Memorandum of
convolvable into a ball. Agreement
2. (b) Copable 2. (i) Dearness Allowance
(c) The situation is copable only with (ii) Disproportionate Assets
hard efforts. 3. Government Senior Secondary School
4. Indian Penal Code
3. (b) Copiable 5. Goods and Services Tax
(c) The letters being too minute, this 6. Central Institute of Plastic Engineering
writing is not easily copiable. and Technology
4. (b) Cordonable 7. Department of Posts
(c) The land being uneven and full of 8. Corporate Social Responsibility
dense growth, the area was not 9. Maruti Suzuki India Limited
easily cordonable for the forces. 10. Court of Arbitration for Sports
11. Wrestling Federation of India
5. (b) Cornerable
12. Radio Frequency Identification Device
(c) No doubt, the terrorists were hiding
13. Environment Compensation Charge
in the dense growth, but it is not that
14. Central Administrative Tribunal
they were not cornerable by the 15. Food Safety and Standards Authority of
police. India
6. (b) Counterable 16. Submillimetre Array
(c) His remarks were easily 17. Very Large Array
counterable by a keen observer. 18. Annual General Meeting
7. (b) Creditable 19. Border Security Force
(c) His achievement was quite credit- 20. Central Reserve Police Force
able.
8. (b) Conservable
NUMBER, GENDER,
(c) With some care books are CONJUGATION
conservable for a long period of
time. NUMBER
9. (b) Consumable 1. Zygomata 2. Zoos
(c) Vegetables are quickly consum- 3. Zillahs 4. Yeomen
able goods. 5. Zeros 6. Worries
10. (b) Contendable 7. Wolves 8. Woes
(c) Your argument is contendable. 9. Witches 10. Lasses
11. (b) Debatable 11. Watches 12. Hitches
(c) Your opinion is debatable. 13. Latches 14. Bitches
12. (b) Conversable 15. Searches 16. Grosses
(c) He is a conversable person. 17. Vortices, Vortexes 18. Volleys
19. Volcanoes 20. Glasses
13. (b) Reversible
(c) The side-effects of some medicines
are reversible. GENDER
14. (b) Courtmartialable
1. She was a great empress who ruled the
(c) The charge against you is
country.
courtmertialable.
2. My sister-in-law is coming tomorrow.
15. (b) Coverable 3. The hind was killed by the lioness.
(c) The events of the battle are coverable 4. The girl sat behind while the boy drove
in just one page. the bike.

5. The executrix was without any sympa-
thy for the poor gentleman.
PREPOSITIONS
6. The woman praised the actors for their
performance. EXERCISE-1
1. Im happy at
CONJUGATION
2. He was angry at
Past Past Present 3. I waited for him at
Indefinite Participle Participle 4. She was excited at
1. Crept Crept Creeping 5. He was furious at
2. Dried Dried Drying 6. I can say nothing about it at
3. Felled Felled Felling 7. I was called up to be present at
4. Freed Freed Freeing 8. The children were amazed at
5. Flowed Flowed Flowing 9. At having won a silver medal at the
6. Gained Gained Gaining Olympics
7. Greeted Greeted Greeting 10. Im surprised at
8. Had Had Having 11. at the Asiad
9. Hanged/Hung Hanged/Hung Hanging
12. at your convenience, please
10. Kept Kept Keeping
11. Lost Lost Losing 13. I was shocked at
12. Left Left Leaving 14. at English
13. Met Met Meeting 15. at the most
14. Paid Paid Paying 16. I was amazed at
15. Replied Replied Replying 17. At best
16. Spent Spent Spending 18. Im delighted at
17. Told Told Telling 19. at his best
18. Taught Taught Teaching 20. She was disappointed at
19. Watched Watched Watching 21. at all
20. Wept Wept Weeping 22. I was alarmed at
21. Burst Burst Bursting
23. at the start
22. Cost Cost Costing
24. at sixes and sevens
23. Cut Cut Cutting
24. Cast Cast Casting 25. at the ringing of the bell
25. Hit Hit Hitting EXERCISE-2
26. Let Let Letting
27. Put Put Putting 1. in 2. in
28. Read Read Reading
29. Shut Shut Shutting 3. on 4. into
30. Spread Spread Spreading 5. in 6. in
7. in 8. in
S PELLINGS 9. in 10. in
11. in 12. on
1. Doubt 2. Habit 13. over 14. on
3. Hobby 4. Reference
15. on 16. on
5. Preference 6. Homogeneous
7. Transitory 8. Royalty 17. on 18. before
9. Scintillating 10. Devious 19. On 20. on
11. Estuary 12. Rendering
13. Diurnal 14. Fierce
15. Receive 16. Temperature CLOZE TEST
17. Dissimilar 18. Diabolical
19. Visionary 20. Congruent 1. The 2. of
21. Toilet 22. Christmas 3. and 4. has
23. Wonderful 24. Until
25. Omniscient 5. in 6. In spite of

7. on 8. them
PRONUNCIATION
9. in 10. their
11. after 12. on EXERCISE
13. are 14. by
1. (a) sh (b) mn 2. j
15. at 16. have
3. gi 4. ji
17. for 18. is 5. did
19. per 20. to 6. (a) pir (as in bird) (b) p
21. the 22. and 7. sm 8. as in seek
23. in 24. further 9. chn 10. yu
11. wi 12. kyoo
25. the 26. and
27. option 28. for
29. like 30. in
VOCABULARY
EXERCISE
TRANSFORMATION
1. Perform 2. Decease
3. Live, be 4. Existence
EXERCISE-1 5. Benign 6. Benignity
7. Faithful 8. Faithfulness
1. No other boy in our circle is so coura-
9. Conduct, cure 10. Conduct, cure
geous as Jack.
11. Finish, settle 12. Depart, spare
2. This is a more expensive pen than any 13. Desert 14. Lonely
other I have bought. 15. Often 16. One
3. Very few boys of his age are so strong as 17. Lessen 18. Certain
Pollock. 19. Fetch 20. Contemplate
4. No other metal in the world is so precious 21. Abhor 22. Draw
as platinum. 23. Aversion 24. Always
5. Hamlet is better than any other play in 25. Nude 26. Nearly
English. 27. Stop, stay 28. Affectionate
6. The North Pole is the coldest place in the 29. Lovely 30. Fop, dandy
world. 31. Agree with
7. Mexico City is bigger than most other 32. In accordance with, corresponding to
cities in the world. 33. In harmony with
8. Shakespeare is the best English play- 34. In lieu of 35. Presently, soon
wright. 36. After that 37. Strictly
9. Very few metals are as heavy as lead. 38. Completely 39. To conclude
10. He is the best member of his family. 40. In consequence of 41. Apart from this
42. To say further 43. In my opinion
44. Debilitated 45. Debilitate
EXERCISE-2
46. Fragile 47. Stupid
1. why he was late 48. Engaged 49. Vacant
2. that he could not attend the meeting 50. Valiant 51. Grand
52. Shining 53. Incessant
3. when the train would arrive
54. Concur 55. Anger
4. that Kapil was visiting the town the next
56. Amalgam, blend 57. Pal, Chum
day
58. Co-conspirator 59. Sample
5. that nobody could beat him 60. Tough, strenuous 61. Philanthropic
6. where he might find shelter 62. Rapidly 63. Wander
7. when her brother would come 64. Vomit 65. Small
8. even if I were invited (to do so) 66. Miserable 67. Hazardous
9. till she got her own bitter experience 68. Complete 69. Affection
10. where he was knocked down by a lorry 70. Hatred

Thus, the ring episode helps in disclosing
LANGUAGE GAMES identities of Portia and Nerissa and reveals
the playful nature of Portia besides creating
EXERCISE-1 a lot of fun. This takes place in the fifth Act.
Besides, Lorenzo and Jessica have also
1. of sharp mental ability reached Belmont. This gives a romantic
2. of violet colour flavour to the play. Antonio also comes here
3. with brown hair and it is in this act that we learn about the safe
4. full of mysterious sounds return of his ships. Thus, the play ends as a
comedy because of this act, otherwise, it
5. of sharp wit.
might have ended as a not so interesting
6. of wood tragedy of Shylocks life.
7. made of wood
8. in hand WORDS CONFUSED
9. with sharp edges & MISUSED
10. of dust
1. Water: How many glasses of water do
EXERCISE-2
you drink daily?
1. are 2. had Waiter: He works as a waiter in a hotel.
3. are 4. have 2. Drawn: Who has drawn this diagram?
5. is 6. has
7. am 8. makes Drown: Do not go into water; you may
9. had 10. are drown.
11. was 12. was 3. Habit: He is in the habit of oversleeping
himself.
THINK IT OVER Custom: Dowry system is an evil cus-
tom.
As Bassanio and Portia get married, as per 4. Seat: Take your seat, please.
common practice, Portia gives a ring to
Bassanio which he must keep with himself for Sitting: The committee approved this
ever. Similarly, Nerissa, Portias maid who expenditure at the first sitting.
marries Gratiano hands over a ring to her 5. Sins: He was having a sense of guilt
husband as a pledge of marriage. because of his sins.
In the Trial Scene, Portia appears attired as Since: She has been suffering from
a young male lawyer and Nerissa as his (her) fever since morning.
clerk. After the game with Shylock is over,
6. Scissors: These scissors are blunt.
they are offered to ask for their reward. Portia
asks for Bassanios ring and Nerissa for Seizure: He felt sad after the seizure of
Gratianos ring. Both the men are hesitant in his property by the Enforcement De-
obliging them but still they hand over their partment.
rings to them.
7. Angry: Why are you angry with me?
As later all move to Belmont, Portia and Nerissa Agree: I agree with you on this point.
appear in their original shapes and dresses.
They demand of their husbands their rings 8. Quite: I am quite well.
pledged to them. As they are unable to do so, Quiet: Keep quiet, please.
they are taken to task. Then their rings are
Quit: Quit these premises at once,
produced by them. As they learn about the
please.
reality of the lawyer and his clerk in the Trial
Scene, all are astonished and this creates a 9. Ring: The peon rings the bell.
situation of fun and hilarity for all. Wring: Wring these wet clothes.

10. Right: You are in the right.
VERBAL NIAGRA FALL
Write: Please write a letter to him.
11. One: I have one pen only. Given Meanings New No. of
Won: Who won the match? word No. words letters
12. Dew: In the morning leaves of plants are L 3 Liquidate 9
covered with dew. A 6 Apparent 8
Due: I could not hear anything due to M 1 Miscellany 10
noise. P 5 Poseur 6
13. Wide: This ditch is ten feet wide. R 7 Retrogression 13
Wild: Wild animals live in the forest. E 2 Escarpment 10
14. Beside: Say nothing beside the mark. Y 4 Yoghourt 8
Besides: Three men were there be-
sides me.
P OTPOURRI
QUIZ TIME HOPE FOR THE DISABLED
There is hope for the disabled. On the occasion
EXERCISE of World Disabled Day that falls on December
3, many unfortunate people who have lost an
1. but greatness is thrust on some. arm or both of them will have a reason to
2. let live. rejoice.
3. dreads the fire. Scientists at the Central Scientific Instruments
4. tat. Organisation (CSIO) have developed an
5. so shall you reap. artificial arm that will replace the limb and at the
6. nine days wonder. same time provide an attached hand that is
fully functional.
7. God disposes.
8. sweet home. OR Developed at the CSIO labs, the arm works
home is the best on the principal of acquisition of myoelectric
signals or through signal conditioning.
9. quarrels with his tools.
10. that tell of saddest thought.
11. of nothing.
CHAIN ANAGRAM SETS
12. like stick. A. 1. TRIANGLE, INTEGRAL
13. better than a foolish friend. 2. LISP, SLIP
14. the fools. B. 3. PLUG, GULP
4. PART, TRAP
15. many times before their death. C. 5. PASS, SAPS
16. like success. 6. SHIP, HIPS
17. with his tools.
18. the farther from God. WHAT IF...
19. God disposes.
20. two in the bush. 1. (a) Since plants have a fixed life, its not
clear that animals changed into
21. with a bone.
plants would also get fixed to some
22. should not throw stones at others. places.
23. where mere strength fails. (b) Contrarily, since animals have a
24. than never to have loved at all. mobile existence, it is not clarified
whether plants would also turn into
25. before they are hatched.
mobile creatures.

(c) At present, the animals eat plants,
but now the position would get
CHAIN WORDS
reversed.
(d) The densest growth of plants is 1. Augur 2. Urge
there in forests, which now would be 3. Gene 4. Neat
infested with animals of all kinds
5. Attack 6. Tackle
and, contrastively, the change of
domestic animals into plants would 7. Least 8. Aster
be a queer situation as in houses 9. Ergo 10. Goal
animals would give room to plants 11. Also 12. Some
and plants to animals.
13. Mean 14. Another
2. (a) People would get rid of the scourge 15. Otherwise 16. Wisely
of being bitten by mosquitoes.
17. Lying 18. Ingot
(b) If the number of new glow-worms
corresponds to the mosquitoes, the 19. Other 20. Herself
dirty places would be surrounded 21. Selfless 22. Lesson
by light-emanating insects. 23. Onto 24. Tool
(c) In many houses people would get
flashes of light not accompanied by
heat. LITERATURE
(d) There would no longer be need for
mosquito nets, pastes, mats, cards, 1 2 3 4 5
etc. (C) (A) (D) (B) (A)
3. (a) Those interested in philosophy 6 7 8 9 10
would flock the libraries. (D) (C) (C) (B) (A)
(b) Since most of the people are not
interested in philosophy, they would
stop visiting libraries.
CAN YOU REMEMBER
(c) On account of dwindling of the num-
ber of library visitors the library 1. classroom 2. Twelve
authorities would have to make extra 3. False 4. False
efforts. 5. Yes 6. Yes
(d) Students will suffer a lot for non- 7. Three 8. One
availability of the books they need
9. stick 10. paper-plane
for study.

R. Guptas
COMMON ERRORS
IN ENGLISH
An Effective Book to Learn How to Avoid
Making Common Errors While Writing or
Speaking English. This is also Useful
for Various Competitive Examinations
Book Code: R-305 Price: ` 170 ISBN: 978-93-5012-623-3 PP: 544

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(Words with Hindi Meanings) R-1348 180

English Today 4 February 2017

OMISSION OF THE ARTICLE

1. To cross ones fingers or To keep ones fingers crossed (to crook

English Today 5 February 2017

LITTLE SCHOLARZSELECTED SHORT STORIES

RAMESH PUBLISHING HOUSE 12-H, New Daryaganj Road, New Delhi-110002

English Today 6 February 2017

PAST PARTICIPLES USED AS ADJECTIVES

English Today 7 February 2017

English Today 8 February 2017

3. Use the following idiom in a Sentence of your own:

4. Give the meaning of the following proverb:

English Today 9 February 2017

5. He lost the book that I had given him.

(b) Kindly grant me leave.

8. Change the narration:

(b) She said, What a lovely scene!.

9. Change into Past Indefinite Tense:

10. Punctuate the following sentence:

English Today 10 February 2017

Make a precis of the following passage and give it a suitable title:

English Today 11 February 2017

1. Is making wildlife films easy?

English Today 12 February 2017

3. Why does Doordarshan not provide finance for wildlife programmes?

4. What is governments attitude towards wildlife?

5. Is it proper to complain about individuals?

6. What is the second great difficulty in making wildlife films?

8. What do the government authorities expect of film-makers?

9. Assign the passage a suitable heading.

Printed Pages : 196 ISBN: 978-93-5012-503-8

RAMESH PUBLISHING HOUSE 12-H, New Daryaganj Road, New Delhi-2

English Today 13 February 2017

Smoke gases and millions of tiny particles of the substance being

English Today 14 February 2017

1. Mention the names of languages you know.

2. What is the importance of learning language? (3-4 lines)

English Today 15 February 2017

4. Why does language change with passage of time? (2-3 lines)

5. How many languages should children be taught at school? Why?

6. Dont you think teaching children so many languages puts an extra

English Today 16 February 2017

(For Reema and ET Readers)

USE OF PRESENT PARTICIPLES AS ADJECTIVES

Use the following Present Participles as Adjectives in sentences of your

2. (a) Present Participle: Resounding

3. (a) Present Participle: Acting

English Today 17 February 2017

5. (a) Present Participle: Advertising

6. (a) Present Participle: Changing

7. (a) Present Participle: Binding

8. (a) Present Participle: Weight-bearing (load-bearing)

9. (a) Present Participle: Answering

10. (a) Present Participle: Anticipating

11. (a) Present Participle: Speaking

12. (a) Present Participle: Approaching

13. (a) Present Participle: Approving

14. (a) Present Participle: Rising

15. (a) Present Participle: Assessing