UJIAN 1

Semester 1, Sidang Akademik 2010/2011

ERT 206 TERMODINAMIK

ANSWER SCHEME: [THERMODYNAMICS]

Masa: 50 minit

Please make sure that this question paper has THREE [3] printed pages including
this front page before you start the test.

Answer ALL questions.

QUESTION 1

a) What is the difference between saturated vapor and superheated vapor? Is it possible
to have water vapor at -10 oC? Explain.

[15 Marks]
ANSWER

b) Ten kilograms of R-134a fill a 1.595 m3 weighted piston-cylinder device at a

temperature of -26.4 oC. The container is now heated until the temperature is 100 oC.
Determine the final volume of the R-134a.

[30 Marks]
ANSWER
c) The reading on a mercury manometer at 25 oC (298.15 K) (open to the atmosphere at
one end) is 56.38 cm. The local acceleration of gravity is 9.832 ms-2. Atmospheric
pressure is 101.78 kPa. What is the absolute pressure in kPa being measured? The
density of mercury at 25 oC (298.15 K) is 13.534 g cm-3.

ANSWER

[15 Marks]

QUESTION 2

(a) The laws of thermodynamics describe the transport of heat and work in
thermodynamic processes. Explain the differences between first law and second law
of thermodynamics.

First law of thermodynamics energy can be converted from one form to another, but cannot
be created or destroyed and the total quantity of energy is constant.
(Eg: A stone is falling down from the highest place) Potential energy converts to kinetic
energy.

Second law of thermodynamics energy consist of quality and quantity where the real
processes normally occurred within the decreasing quality of energy.
(Eg: A cup of hot coffee become a cool coffee after a few minutes) - Energy with low
temperature.

[20 Marks]
(b) A heat pump is to be used to heat a building during the winter. The building is to be
maintained at 21 oC at all times. The building is estimated to be losing heat at a rate
of 135,000 kJ h-1 when the outside temperature drops to -5 oC. Determine the
minimum power required to drive the heat pump unit for this outside temperature. The
heat lost by the building has to be supplied by the heat pump.
[30 Marks]

ANSWER

kJ
Q H Q Lost 135000
h
QH TH
COPHP

QH QL TH TL
(21 273) K

(21 ( 5)) K
11.31

Using the basic definition of the COP

Q H
COPHP
W net , in
Q H
W net , in
COPHP
135,000 kJ / h 1 h 1 kW

1131
. 3600s kJ / s
3.316 kW

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