Assignment

In
Asian History
&
Civilization

Submitted by: Rizalyn B. Villanueva

Submitted to: Prof. Belinda Marzan
Schedule: TF 2:30pm-4:00pm
 Mahatma Gandhi
Indian Civil Rights Leader
Mahatma Gandhi (October 2, 1869 to January 30, 1948) was the leader of Indias non-violent
independence movement against British rule and in South Africa who advocated for the civil
rights of Indians. Born in Porbandar, India, Gandhi studied law and organized boycotts against
British institutions in peaceful forms of civil disobedience. He was killed by a fanatic in 1948.

Ba Maw
Prime Minister of Myanmar
Ba Maw, (born Feb. 8, 1893, Maubin, Burma [Myanmar]died May 29, 1977, Yangon),
politician who in 1937 became the first Burmese premier under British rule; he later was head
of state in the pro-Japanese government during World War II (August 1943May 1945).
Ba Maw was educated at Rangoon College, Calcutta University, the University of Cambridge,
and the University of Bordeaux, Fr., where he received a doctorate in 1924. Admitted to the
English bar the same year, he first came into prominence as defense lawyer for the Burmese
rebel leader Saya San in 1931.
During the early 1930s Ba Maw became a prominent opponent of Britains plan to remove
Burma (Myanmar) from the jurisdiction of the Indian viceroy, since he believed that a separate
Burma would receive a much smaller measure of self-rule than India as a result. In 1934,
however, he reversed his position, agreeing to support the pro-separationists in a coalition
government. That year he was made minister of education for Burma. When the new
constitution, providing for separation of Burma from India, went into effect on April 1, 1937, he
became the first premier, and he held office until he was defeated by a coalition in February
1939.
 Sun Yat-sen
Chinese Leader

Sun Yat-sen was born on November 12, 1866, into a peasant household in Choyhung in
Kwangtung near the Portuguese colony of Macao. His father worked as a farmer, which had
been his family's traditional occupation for many generations. His early education, like his
birthplace, established him as a man of two worlds, China and the West. After a basic training in
the Chinese classics in his village school, he was sent to Hawaii in 1879 to join his older brother.
There he enrolled in a college where he studied Western science and Christianity.
Upon graduation in 1882, he returned to his native village. After learning about Christianity, Sun
had come to believe that the religious practices in the village where he grew up were nothing
more than superstitions. He soon showed these changed beliefs by damaging one of the village
idols and was banished from the village.
Though Sun returned home briefly to undergo an arranged marriage, he spent his late teens and
early twenties studying in Hong Kong. He began his medical training in Canton, China, but in
1887 returned to Hong Kong and enrolled in the school of medicine. After graduation in June
1892, he went to Macao, where Portuguese authorities refused to give him a license to practice
medicine.
By the time Sun returned to Hong Kong in the spring of 1893, he had become more interested in
politics than in medicine. Upset by the Manchu government's corruption, inefficiency, and
inability to defend China against foreign powers, he wrote a letter to Li Hung-chang (1823
1901), one of China's most important reform leaders (social-improvement leaders), supporting a
program of reform. Ignored, Sun returned to Hawaii to organize the Hsing-chung hui (Revive
China Society). When war between China and Japan appeared to present possibilities for the
overthrow of the Manchus, Sun returned to Hong Kong and reorganized the Hsing-chung hui as
a revolutionary secret society. An uprising was planned in Canton in 1895 but was discovered,
and several of Sun's men were executed. Having become a marked man, Sun fled to Japan.
 Ho Chi Minh
President of North Vietnam
Ho Chi Minh was one of the prominent Vietnamese communist revolutionary leaders, who
fought the colonial forces for the liberation of the Vietnamese people. His contribution to the
common struggle for peace, national independence, democracy and social progress, have been
immense. Raised in Confucian tradition, Minh travelled across the world, visiting numerous
cities and places. It transformed him as a person and shaped his political career. He later became
the Prime Minister (19451955) and President (19451969) of the Democratic Republic of
Vietnam (North Vietnam). He played an important role in founding the Democratic Republic of
Vietnam in 1945, Peoples Army of Vietnam (PAVN) and the Vit Cng (NLF or VC) during
the Vietnam War. With his revolutionary ideas and proposition of liberation, Minh led the Vit
Minh independence movement from 1941, eventually forming the communist-ruled Democratic
Republic of Vietnam in 1945. Even after leaving the position of power, Minh continued to
remain one of the key people of Vietnam, a highly venerated leader who fought for a united and
communist Vietnam.

Sukarno
First President of Indonesia
Ir. Soekarno (born in Blitar, East Java, June 6, 1901 - died in Jakarta, June 21, 1970 at age 69 years) is
Indonesia's first president who served two terms from 1945 to 1966. He played an important role for
the liberation of Indonesia from Dutch colonialism. He is a digger Pancasila. He was proclaimed
Indonesian independence (along with Mohammad Hatta) which occurred on August 17, 1945.

Sukarno signed the Warrant March 11, 1966 Supersemar controversial, in which - according to the
released version of Army Headquarters - Lt. Gen. Suharto assigned to secure and maintain state
security and the institution of the presidency. Supersemar basis Lieutenant General Suharto to dissolve
the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI) and replace the members who sit in parliament. After the
answer denied liability Provisional People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) in the fourth general assembly
in 1967, President Sukarno removed from office as president in the MPRS Special Session of the same
year and raised Suharto as acting President of the Republic of Indonesia.