Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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.. .. ..
C de Beer L Fernandez D Odendaal
Chief Engineer Technology Senior Manager: Systems General Manager: Plant
Convenor: Work Group for Integration (B2B Engineering Engineering (B2B Engineering
Process Engineering artefacts Processes/System Lead) Tools Programme Lead)
Date: Date: Date:
CONTENTS
1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................................4
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4 Authorisation ........................................................................................................................................18
5 Revisions ...............................................................................................................................................18
7 Acknowledgements ..............................................................................................................................18
8 APPENDICES ........................................................................................................................................20
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Introduction
P&IDs show the engineering details of process plant equipment, process flow details,
instruments, process control loops, piping, valves and fittings; their location and their
arrangement.
This Standard provides criteria for the development of Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams
(P&IDs) as well as the criteria to assist with the set-up and use of the key items on the P&ID
symbol library.
1 Supporting clauses
1.1 Scope
This P&ID Standard is primarily based on the international standard, ISO 10628: Flow diagrams
for process plants general rules, as well as from the symbols and procedures applied in
previous Eskom Group Technology projects. However, the industry has no generally accepted
standards for the type and amount of information contained in a P&ID. This standard therefore
defines Eskoms requirements for P&IDs, including the development process, detailed
requirements and applicable examples.
This standard addresses the format and content shown on a P&ID. The information requirement
is independent of the maturity of the P&ID or the phase in its life cycle, and therefore includes
application in the design, construction, operational and maintenance phases.
Note that this standard applies directly to utility flow diagrams (UFDs) but not to process flow
diagrams (PFDs), block diagrams (BDs) or process flow schematics (PFSs). These three types
are covered by the Process Flow Diagram Standard, 240-54690969.
1.2 Purpose
The purpose of this Standard is to provide detailed criteria for designers to prepare P&IDs. P&IDs
form the specification basis for the instrumentation requirements of a project or in support of plant
modifications. It is also the basis for developing all control loops and control logics of a plant.
1.3 Applicability
This document shall apply throughout Eskoms Divisions. The intended users of this Standard
include both Eskom technical personnel as well as contractors. Where contractors cannot provide
P&IDs in accordance with this standard, provision needs to be made for redrafting the P&IDs to
meet this standard.
This standard is applicable during the design phase as well as the operational phase, e.g.
modifications.
The development of P&IDs is a key step in the design process since it forms the basis for a range
of other design elements. The following are design outflows from the P&IDs:
specification of process equipment;
specification of pipes, fittings and valves;
specification of operational technologies;
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During the Operational Phase, plant operability is reviewed in order to improve plant efficiencies,
process control and safety. P&IDs need to be fully reviewed in preparation for any modifications
or changes to the control systems or control logics.
The management of FDs after the design phase is controlled through the Engineering Change
Management System.
Parties using this document shall apply the most recent edition of the documents listed in the
following paragraphs.
1.4.1 Normative
1.4.2 Informative
[1] ISO 14084-1, Process diagrams for power plants Part 1: Specification for diagrams
[2] ISO 14084-2, Process diagrams for power plants Part 2: Graphical symbols
[3] GGS 0182, Process flow diagrams and piping and instrumentation diagrams, February
1999.
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[4] ISA S5.1, Instrumentation Symbols and Identification Standards, 1984 (rev. 1992)
[5] ISA S5.2, Binary Logic Diagrams for Process Operations
[6] ISA S5.3, Graphical Symbols for Distributed Control/Shared Display Instrumentation, Logic
and Computer Systems
[7] ISA S5.4, Instrument Loop Diagrams
[8] ISA S5.5, Graphic Symbols for Process Displays
[9] ISA S51.1, Process Instrumentation Terminology
[10] IPS-E-PR-170, Engineering standard for process flow diagrams, 2000.
[11] PIP PIC001, Piping and Instrumentation Diagram Documentation Criteria, April 2008
[12] R K Sinnott, Coulson & Richardson's Chemical Engineering: Fluid Flow, Heat Transfer and
Mass Transfer, Vol. 1, 3rd edition, 1999
[13] R Mulley & T McAvinew, Control system documentation: applying symbols and
identification, ISA, 2004
[14] B Liptak, Instrument Engineers Handbook Vol I Process Measurement and Analysis,
2003.
[15] A Kayode-Coker, Ludwig's Applied Process Design for Chemical and Petrochemical Plants,
Vol. 1, 4th edition, Gulf Professional Publishing, 2007
[16] W C. Dunn, Fundamentals of Industrial Instrumentation and Process Control, McGraw-Hill,
2005
[17] W C. Dunn, Introduction to Instrumentation, Sensors, and Process Control, Artech House,
Inc., 2006
1.5 Definitions
1.5.1 Auxiliaries
A BD is a form of PFD where individual equipment symbols are not shown but rather complete
processes (systems or sub-systems) and these are simply represented by rectangular blocks.
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1.5.4 Component
A design that has been formally reviewed and agreed upon, that thereafter serves as the basis for
use and further development, and that can be changed only by using an approved change control
process.
Design basis consists of the design inputs, the design constraints, and the design analysis and
calculations. It includes topical areas such as seismic qualification, fire protection, and safe
shutdown. The design basis encompasses consideration of such factors as facility availability,
facility efficiency, costs, and maintainability, and that subset that relates to safety and the
authorization basis. The design basis explains why a design requirement has been specified in a
particular manner or as a particular value.
1.5.7 Equipment
Generic term used to describe physical hardware and associated firmware / software that may
constitute a system or subsystem or component.
Flow schematics are derived from FDs with the difference that each FD element is represented by
a schematic that approximates the physical configuration of the actual equipment rather than a
general symbol.
1.5.9 Interface
Streams on FDs may link to the same system on other drawings or with interfacing systems. Off
page connectors indicate how the drawings are connected to other drawings.
The piping and instrument diagram (P&ID) is based on the process flow diagram and represents
the technical realisation of a process by means of graphical symbols for equipment and piping
together with process measurement and control elements.
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A plant process is a particular, specific sequence of steps to change the raw materials,
intermediates, or sub-assemblies into the finished product or outcome. These process steps may
involve conversion of an existing process stream into a new sequence of steps to meet facility
requirements. Proven sequences of steps involve the least risk, while experimental processes
have a potential for change or problems.
The PFD represents a process or a process plant with the aid of graphical symbols
interconnected by flow lines. The graphical symbols represent equipment and the lines represent
mass and energy flows or energy carriers.
A process parameter is one of a set of numerical or other measurable factors that defines a plant
process or sets the conditions of its operation. A process parameter can also indicate a quantity
whose value is selected for a particular circumstance and in relation to which other variable
quantities may be expressed.
Redundant equipment exists when two elements within a system performs an identical function at
different times. A component which is not functional in conjunction with other similar equipment or
component is considered as Spare or on Stand-by mode.
1.5.16 Service
1.5.17 Services
See utilities in paragraph 1.5.22. Services should not be confused with service as defined in
paragraph 1.5.16.
1.5.18 Subsystem
A subsystem is an integrated set of assemblies, components, and parts which performs a cleanly
and clearly separated function, involving similar technical skills, or a separate supplier.
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1.5.19 System
A set or arrangement of elements [people, products (hardware and software) and processes
(facilities, equipment, material, and procedures)] that are related, and whose behaviour satisfies
operational needs and provides for the life cycle sustainment of the products
The physical boundary of a system is defined by the equipment and components bearing the
same KKS / AKZ designation within the system.
1.5.21 Tag
For the purposes of labelling instrumentation and control components, a hardware device or a
software point is identified with a systematic tag number.
1.5.22 Utilities
The term utilities includes electricity, water, fuel, air, and steam used in the production of a
product. Utilities are in some cases also referred to as services or auxiliaries. It should not be
confused with the term Utility as is commonly used to describe the role of Eskom in the South
African economy.
Typically utilities may include the following systems:
Potable water system
Sewage treatment system
Fire water system
Electricity supply system
Demineralised water system
Centralised gas system
Instrument air system
Compressed air system
Utility flow diagrams (UFDs) are similar to P&IDs. It is a schematic representation of the utility
systems within a process plant, showing all lines and other means required for the transport,
distribution and collection of utilities. The process equipment in the UFD can be represented as a
box with inscriptions (identification number) and with utility connections.
1.6 Classification
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FD Flow diagram
The responsibility to define the input conditions into the standard P&IDs rests with Group
Technology Engineering CoE.
An Authorised Specialist CoE Engineer will be responsible for compiling the P&ID in accordance
with this standard, and general drawing standards.
The Specialist CoE Manager will be accountable for the P&ID.
Not applicable.
P&IDs are based on the approved process flow diagrams (PFDs) developed during the concept
engineering phase of the project.
The following documents support this standard:
Process Control Manual (PCM) for Design System
Symbol library for P&ID diagrams
Work Instruction for process flow diagrams
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2.1.1 Representation
The representation and designation of all the equipment, instrumentation and piping should
comply with the requirements of this Standard. Auxiliary systems may be represented by
rectangular boxes with reference to the separate diagrams.
Dimensions of the graphical symbols for equipment and machinery (except pumps, drivers, valves
and fittings) should reflect the actual dimensions relative to one another as to scale and elevation.
The graphical symbols for process measurement and control functions for equipment, machinery
and piping, as well as piping and valves themselves, shall be shown in the logical position with
respect to their functions.
All equipment shall be represented such that the consistency in their dimensions is considered if
not in contrast to the good representation of the equipment.
The Bentley and SmartPlant P&ID packages are the preferred drawing software applications to be
used for developing Group Technology P&IDs. The software versions of these applications are to
be specified prior to commencement of any P&ID work.
The drawing title block has to have fields for the title, revision, approval, the logos and the
drawing number. See drawing Standard 45-698
Layout each P&ID to avoid clutter and allow for future modifications. As far as possible,
P&IDs should represent a complete plant, system or sub-system according to the Eskom
plant breakdown structure. However, no more than ten items of major equipment should
be shown per P&ID.
The primary fluid flow on each P&ID is depicted from left to right.
The inlet and outlet of equipment shall be drawn relative to the actual equipment layout
(e.g. cooling water supply at the bottom of an exchanger, while tube bundle and cooling
water out let at the top of an exchanger).
Primary process lines shall be distinguished from Secondary process, and utility lines.
This distinction is detailed in the Lines and Layering Section.
Mark off-page connector arrows for primary, secondary and instrumentation lines entering
the P&ID horizontally, with a minimum of 6.4 mm from the left inside borderline and
exiting the P&ID with a minimum of 6.4 mm horizontally from the right inside border line.
Off-page service descriptions shall consist of the following information:
a. P&ID number and origin/destination
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b. Name of fluid (e.g. Process Water) or line description (e.g. DMS Feed, Tower
Overhead)
c. Line function (e.g. Low Level Override) or equipment to be controlled for instrument
d. Use equipment KKS number, line number, or loop number, as references for
origin/destination.
e. Service description and origin/destination text shall start at the left side of off-page
connector symbol.
Utility connectors may be shown at any convenient location on the body of the P&ID.
Utility collection/distribution P&IDs layout shall be drawn relative to Plot Plan orientation.
When match lines are required on Utility Flow Diagrams, they shall correspond to the
matching lines of the connecting drawing.
Equipment symbols shall be arranged relative to their elevation (e.g. pumps at bottom of
P&ID).
Control valve actuators shall be drawn above a horizontal line or left of a vertical line,
whenever possible.
Compressors and Hydraulic Packs piping, instrumentation, and auxiliaries shall be drawn
on a separate auxiliary P&ID.
In order to minimise cluttering, additional required details may be shown on a separate
sheet.
System markers/interfaces for sub-systems, systems or package interfaces according to
plant breakdown structures may be included in the drawing as required.
2.1.5 Layering
The standard Bentley layering convention is used, and is noted for reference purposes. The
drawing is to have a border around the entire P&ID and title blocks at the bottom of the P&ID that
are filled in with information that adhered to the specification for numbering drawings.
The recommended line thickness for plotting on drawing (A0) size is also noted:
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Line thickness should be adjusted when P&IDs are plotted in smaller size.
In addition to the standard layers, the following conventions are recommended:
Existing equipment (i.e. Items already installed/existing from previous projects that are
indicated for clarity on the new P&IDs) and instrumentation need to be indicated in dotted
line as opposed to solid line.
Items shown on more than one P&ID should show the item in solid lines in the main P&ID
where the item is coded, and in dashed lines in any other views.
Instead of just changing the line type of the existing items, a second set of custom layers
should be for each of the above layers as required. After inserting the symbol on the
standard layer, the item can be moved to the required existing layer.
2.1.6 Scaling
The scaling parameters for setting up of the P& ID drawing on A0 are as follows.
Description Value
Text Height 2.5
ID Bubble Radius 8
Instrument Mark Spacing 8
Global Scale Factor 10
Snap Value 1
The symbols have been scaled to confirm the above scaling settings. Scalable symbols need to
be scaled when inserted into the drawing and should be in proportion to the fixed symbols.
It may be required to scale fixed size equipment symbols under certain circumstances due to
P&ID density or other factors. This can be done using the Bentley procedures for scaling
symbols. There are certain special cases where symbols need to be stretched (as opposed to
scale). These are discussed in Clause 3.4.
All P&IDs should be developed on the A0 original size. Smaller plots may be made for
convenience, but plots from different P&IDs on the same size paper always yield the same
relative scaling and sizing.
Symbol standards are provided in the appendices. Since these may not be exhaustive, any
omissions need to be brought to the attention of the author for clarification and inclusion in the
standard.
2.1.8.1 Equipment
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Identification numbers for equipment should be located close to the relevant graphical symbol,
and should not be written into it. Further details (e.g. designation, design capacity, design
pressure, etc.) may also be placed under the identification numbers.
2.1.8.2 Flow lines or piping
Designation of flow lines or piping shall be written parallel to and above horizontal lines and at the
left of and parallel to vertical lines. If the beginning and end of flow lines or piping are not
immediately recognisable, identical ones should be indicated by corresponding letters.
2.1.8.3 Valves and fittings
Designation of valves and fittings shall be written next to the graphical symbol and parallel to the
direction of flow.
2.1.8.4 Process measurement and control functions
The representation should be in accordance with the requirements stipulated in ISA-S5.1 and ISO
3511, Parts 1 and 4, latest revisions unless otherwise specified in this Standard.
In general, the main direction of flow proceeds from left to right and from top to bottom. Inlet and
outlet arrows are used for indicating the inlet and outlet of flows into or out of the diagram.
Arrows are incorporated in the line for indicating the direction of the flows within the flow diagram.
If necessary for proper understanding, arrows may be used at the inlets to equipment and
machinery (except for pumps) and upstream of pipe branches. If a diagram consists of several
sheets, the incoming and outgoing flow lines or piping on a sheet may be drawn in such a manner
that the lines continue at the same level when the individual sheets are horizontally aligned.
While a separate equipment list is preferred, a tabular list may be included in the right top corner if
required.
All information required for numbering equipment on a P&ID is found in the KKS N.PSZ 45-45
numbering system.
Instrumentation tagging convention will be according to the relevant KKS / AKZ standards to
ensure correct database generation and data interpretation.
Any equipment or instrumentation supplied by a 3rd party vendor needs to be indicated as such on
the P&ID. The convention is to enclose the equipment, instrument or group of equipment and
instruments with a dash-dot line and write the text Vendor inside the box. In addition to this,
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each piece of this equipment or instrument needs to have the vendor data indicated in the
associated database.
Since this standard may not cover every possible situation, some flexibility is allowed for such
eventualities. This section attempts to describe areas where such flexibility may be required.
2.2.1 Motors
Each piece of driven equipment should have a motor symbol attached, which is assigned a motor
number. The motor symbol is in turn attached to the main equipment.
The instrument bubble (MC) is then attached to the motor symbol. The motor tag name may be
deleted from the P&ID (by selecting and deleting the text component) so as not to clutter the
P&ID. Although it is not imperative to have a motor symbol for each piece of equipment it is highly
recommended, since the motor symbol acts as a visual aid and generates a motor list, which may
be used for procurement purposes. Consistency in this application is required to not create a
meaningless motor list.
2.2.2 Conveyors
Conveyors are designed in a variety of shapes and sizes it is not practical to include all possible
variations in length, inclination or other graphical permutations in the symbol library. Two belt
conveyor symbols are included in the symbol library. One conveyor is a horizontal belt conveyor,
and the other is an inclined conveyor. Both the symbols are for short conveyors. When the
symbol is inserted, the symbol should be stretched (without distorting the proportions) to the
correct length and shape. It may even be modified, rotated etc. if required (within the framework
of consistency).Once the symbol is in the desired shape, then the symbol components need to be
re-assembled and data attached to the symbol.
The correct functional materials handling symbols should be used rather than just functional
depictions.
The current version of the symbol library has the screen and its associated under-pan as a single
symbol, hence creating a single equipment entry in the database. Should it be required to have
the screen and the under-pan components as separate database entities with a different
equipment tag number, the following procedure is recommended:
Explode the screen symbol which includes the under-pan graphics.
Re-assemble the screen components using the P&ID tools and assign an equipment
number.
Re-assemble the under-pan components using the P&ID tools and assign an equipment
number.
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2.2.4 Chutes
It is recommended that if a suitable chute is not in the library, that the specific chute is drawn
manually and assembled in to a symbol for the P&ID. If the chute is more than a once-off
requirement, then the chute drawing shall be sent to the responsible parties for inclusion in the
library.
2.2.5 Agitators
2.2.6 Blowers
2.2.8 Pumps
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pump auxiliary system connections such as, cooling water, seal oil and lube oil, steam,
etc.
detail of lube and seal oil/sealing systems, cooling water piping arrangement, and
minimum flow bypass line requirement for pumps;
winterisation and/or heat conservation (steam or electrical) where required;
warm-up and flushing oil lines detail; a DN20( inch) bypass/drain from the check valve
to the pump discharge line shall be provided as warm-up line for the cases
pressuregagelocatedonthedischargeofeachpump;thegageshallbeinstalled between the
pump discharge nozzle and the check valve;
pressure relief safety valves (if any);
automatic start-up of standby unit (if required);
balanced or equalized line for vacuum service.
2.2.9 Exceptions
Any symbols not specified in the symbols as per paragraph must be approved by the project
engineer.
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3 Authorisation
This document has been seen and accepted by:
Name Designation
Document Approved by TDAC ROD 16 July 2013
4 Revisions
5 Development team
The following people were involved in the development of this document:
Name of Division Signature Members Division Signature
Convenor
Cyril de Beer Technology Gary de Klerk Technology
Dheneshree Lalla Technology
Ismail Atiya Technology
Nellan Govender Technology
Jackie Herndler Technology
Pravin Moodley Technology
Isak de Kock
Marius van Heerden.
The Development Team confirms that this version of the Process Flow Diagram Standard is
sufficient to serve as a baseline.
Changes / improvements will be incorporated at the next revision date through the SCOT
process.
6 Acknowledgements
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Not applicable.
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7 APPENDICES
Appendix A : Position of P&ID in Design PCM ..........................................................................................21
A.1 Design System PCM Perform Plant Process Design .......................................................................21
A.2 Design Process ....................................................................................................................................23
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Consolidated
Functional
Architecture
Process BD
description
Plant operating
concept
Major process
equipment list
Control philosophy PFD
M&E balances
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Eye wash
Fire hydrant
Fire hydrant
Fire monitor
Foam monitor
Foam pourer
Hose reel
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Safety shower
Fittings
CELL SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
NAME
CATEGORY: PIPING / FITTINGS
Compensator, bellows and strap
Coupling/connector
Coupling/connector
Coupling half
Hose connection
Exhaust head
Filter
Filter
Flange
Blind flange
Blind flange
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Flange
Expander flange
Reducing flange
Hose connection
Hose connection
Hose connection
In-line silencer
Injector, ejector
Jacket Nozzle
Jacket Nozzle
Mixing T
Orifice plate
Orifice union
End
Cap
Bushing
Closure, flat
End
End
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Removable spool
Expansion joint
Silencer
Silencer
Expansion joint
Spectacle blind
Spray nozzle
Spray nozzle
Strainer/filter
T strainer
Y strainer
Swing elbow
Swivel joint
Trap - General
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Breather vent
Vent silencer
Butt-weld
Gaps
CELL SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
NAME
CATEGORY: PIPING / GAPS
gap-curves
gap-lines
Off-page connectors
CELL SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
NAME
CATEGORY: PIPING / OFF PAGE CONNECTORS
Piping OPC - Dual Flow
Piping OPC
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Routing
CELL SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
NAME
CATEGORY: PIPING / ROUTING / DUCTING
Ducting
Primary Piping
Secondary Piping
Utility - Jacket
Utility - Primary
Utility - Secondary
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Fluid Code
Fluid System
Insulation Requirements
Explosion-proof, fire-resistant
flame arrestor
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Fire-resistant, detonation-proof
flame arrestor
Flame arrestor, general
Valves
CELL SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
NAME
CATEGORY: PIPING / VALVES / 2 WAY COMMON
Air release valve double orifice
2-way valve
Butterfly valve
Check valve
Diaphragm valve
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Globe valve
Hose valve
Needle valve
Pinch valve
Plug valve
Non-Return Valve
Slide valve
Slide valve
Spherical Valve
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4-way valve
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Damper - General
Damper - 3 Way
Damper - Multi-leaf
Damper - Adjustable
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Equipment labels
CELL SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
NAME
CATEGORY: LABELS_GENERAL / EQUIPMENT LABELS
Eq - Insulation Purpose and Thk
Eq - Nozzle No
Eq - Nozzle Size
Instrument labels
CELL SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
NAME
CATEGORY: LABELS_GENERAL / INSTRUMENT LABELS
3-Way Valve Close Path Bottom
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Flow Bi-Directional
Flow Direction
Insulation
PipeRun KKS
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Page: 37 of 69
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Actuators
CELL SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
NAME
CATEGORY: INSTRUMENTATION / ACTUATORS
Ball Float
Capacitance sensor
Press-balanced diaphragm
Diaphragm
Diaphragm
Diaphragm
Digital
Electro-hydraulic
Pilot
Piston
Piston
Piston
Piston motor
Piston spring
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Single solenoid
Single solenoid
Single solenoid
Single solenoid
Spring
Piston spring
Piston spring
Weight
Weight motor
In-line
CELL SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
NAME
CATEGORY: INSTRUMENTATION / IN-LINE
Annubar
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Weir
Weir
Flow glass
Venturi tube
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Control valve
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Page: 42 of 69
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Instrument OPC
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Off-line
CELL SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
NAME
CATEGORY: INSTRUMENTATION / OFF-LINE
Acoustic signal or Hooter
Alarm Gong
Pilot light
Panel
Pyrometer
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Signal line
CELL SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
NAME
CATEGORY: INSTRUMENTATION / SIGNAL LINE
Capillary
Connect to Process
Electric
Electric Binary
Guided Electromagnetic
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Mechanical Link
Pneumatic
Pneumatic Binary
Software Link
Undefined
Unguided Electromagnetic
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Page: 47 of 69
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Page: 48 of 69
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Hydraulic
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Double solenoid
Double solenoid
Single solenoid
Single solenoid
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4Ports - Underlapping
Flow Restrictor
Non-return valve
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Spring return
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Components
CELL SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
NAME
CATEGORY: EQUIPMENT / COMPONENTS / HEATING COMPONENTS
External Electrical Heating Jacket
Burner
Igniter
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Flanged Nozzle
Grommet
Instrument Connector
Instrument Grommet
Manway - Internal
Manway - Large
Manway - Small
Nozzle - Internal
Nozzle - Straight
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Electrical consumers
CELL SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
NAME
CATEGORY: EQUIPMENT / ELECTRICAL CONSUMERS
Air Conditioner
Heat exchangers
CELL SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
NAME
CATEGORY: EQUIPMENT / HEAT EXCHANGERS
Air Dryer
Steam Condenser
Surface Condenser
Spray Cooler
Humidifier
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Mechanical
CELL SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
NAME
CATEGORY: EQUIPMENT / MECHANICAL / AGITATORS, MIXERS
Anchor agitator
Finger agitator
Gauge agitator
Grid agitator
Impeller agitator
Paddle agitator
Generic agitator
Propeller agitator
Blender
Ribbon blender
Static mixer
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Generic compressor
Reciprocating compressor
Diaphragm compressor
Reciprocating compressor
Rotary compressor
Rotary compressor
Screw compressor
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Air motor
Diesel engine
Electric motor
Gas engine
Shaft Motor
Expander
Gas turbine
Hydraulic turbine
Steam turbine
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Axial fan
Centrifugal fan
Generic chute
Ladder chute
Retractable spout
Spiral chute
Mechanical classifier
Bucket elevator
Aerial way
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Belt conveyor
Bucket conveyor
Elevator
Overhead conveyor
Scraper conveyor
Screw conveyor
Bridge crane
Gantry crane
Apron feeder
Belt feeder
Feeder
Feeder
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Scraper feeder
Screw feeder
Hoist
Trolley hoist
Fixed stacker
Portable stacker
Portable stacker/reclaimer
Radial stacker
Vibrator
Diaphragm pump
Ejector pump
Electromagnetic pump
Gear pump
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Ejector pump
Generic pump
Reciprocating pump
Rotary pump
Screw pump
Sump pump
Vane pump
Air filter
Single-stage cyclone
Demagnetising Device
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Air filter
Cartridge filter
Filter
Magnetising Device
Settling pond
Spray pond
Electromagnetic separator
Separator, general
Impact separator
Thickener
Flash trap
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Cone crusher
Delumper
Dicer
Disintegrator
Grinder
Pulverizer
Rod mill
Roll crusher
Shredding mill
Strand cutter
Generic mill
Hammer mill
Ball mill
Roller mill
Roller mill
Tube mill
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Belt drive
Clutch
Coupling electromagnetic
Coupling general
Coupling hydraulic
Gearbox
Mechanical Brake
Shaft
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Vessels
CELL SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
NAME
CATEGORY: EQUIPMENT / VESSELS / COOLING TOWERS
Cooling tower
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Pulsation dampener
Tun dish
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Annotation
CELL SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
NAME
CATEGORY: DESIGN / ANNOTATION / GRAPHICS
Annotation Point
Block
Box Truck
Break
Circle
Dump Truck
Ellipse
Line
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Tank Truck
Text
Underlined Text
B.7 LABELS
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Terminal point
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