Materials Review Questions

1. What is the sample for compressive strength determination of

Structural Concrete?
Ans : concrete cylinder sample
2. What is the test to determine the consistency of the concrete?
Ans : Slump test
3. What is the required size of test specimen for G.I sheets?
Ans : 3pcs-60mm in 1 sht/100 sheets
4. What kind of paint that has a reflectance of beads?
Ans : Reflectorized Paint
5. What is that construction material has a properly of being a dark
brown to black cementitious materials in which the predominating
substance is bitumen?
Ans : Asphalt
6. For how long or how many hours shall a bituminous prime coat be
left undisturbed?
Ans : 24 hours
7. What is the rate of application of bituminous tack coat?
Ans : 0.20 0.70 L/Sq.m
8. What are the tests needed for the 2,650 cu.m Item 201 ( Aggregate
Base Coures)?
Ans : CBR,Abrasion,GPCD
9. How many grading tests are required for a 3,200 cu.m selected
borrow topping (Item 104)?
Ans : 3 grading Tests
10. As materials Engineer, What will you recommend if you find out that
the materials to be used as Item 200 is finer than the required
materials?
Ans ; blend Item 200 with courser materials
11. What is the standard specification for LL and PI of Item 201?
Ans : Max. of 25% and Min. 6% respectively
12. What is the CBR requirement for Item 201?
Ans : 80% Minimum
13. What asphalt is used for sealing weaken plane joint concrete
pavement?
Ans : Blown Asphalt
14. What is the machine used for abrasion test?
Ans : Los Angeles abrasion Machine
15. How to determined the compaction of Item 104,200 and 201?
Ans : by Field Density Test
16. What is Item 311 of the DPWH Specification ( Blue Book)?
Ans : Portland Cement Concrete Pavement
17. What is the formula in obtaining the value of PI?
Ans : Liquid Limit minus Plastic Limit
18. What are the other terms for sieve Analysis?
Ans : Grading Test, Particle Size Distribution Test, Mechanical
Analysis
19. What is the degree of compaction of the soil if the wet density is 2,200
kg/cu.m, with an actual moisture content of 10.2% and a maximum
dry density of 1,950 kg/cu.m ?
Ans : 101.3%
20. How many cores shall be taken for one (1) kilometer Concrete
Pavement?
Ans : 5 Holes/Km/lane
21. What is the moisture content of the soil having an original weight of
162.5 grams and oven-dried weight 138.2 grams?
Ans ; 17.58%
22. If the group Index of the soil is high, what indication does it mean?
Ans ; the soil is clayey
23. As Material Engineer, How can you determine that the sample
placed in the oven is already oven-dried?
Ans ; if the sample reaches its constant weight
24. In the drying a sample for test, what temperature shall be
maintained?
Ans ; 100+ 5C
25. Why is that cooling an oven dried sample before weighing is
advisable?
Ans ; because it can affect its weight
26. What is the difference between hydroscopic moisture content from
natural moisture content?
Ans : Hydroscopic moisture content is the moisture content of an
air-dried sample while natural moisture content is the moisture
content of the original sample from the field.
27. An admixture is being introduced to the fresh concrete mixture for
heavily reinforced concrete structure using a pumpcrete to pump out
the fresh concrete mix, what admixture should it be?
Ans : Superplasticizer
28. What asphalt is commonly known as hot asphalt or penetration
grade asphalt?
Ans : Asphalt cement
29. What is the use of blown asphalt?
Ans : as joint filter and water proofing
30. How many days does the sample for Immersion-Compression Test be
soaked in the water?
Ans: 4 days @ 50C
31. If ductility test is for asphalt, ____________ is for cement?
Ans : Magnesium Oxide, Insoluble Residue, Loss on Ignition
32. Paint is composed of ________?
Ans : 35% Vehicle, 50% pigment, 15% beads
33. What is the size of tamping rod used in tamping concrete sample?
Ans : 16mm and 610 mm long with hemispherical tip
34. What is the temperature to be maintained when curing sample after
its initial curing?
Ans : 23C+1.7C
35. Concrete Cylinders are cured and ready for test. Temperature
between 63F to 85F are permitted for a period not to exceed ______
hours immediately prior to test if free moisture is maintained on the
surface on the specimen at all times.
Ans : Three (3)
36. The molds of specimen not be transported shall be removed after
initial curing of _______ hours and should be cured to the standard
curing temperature of 73.4 F + 3F?
Ans : Twenty-Four (24)
37. High Plasticity index means _______ of the soil?
Ans : High degree of compressibility
38. Sample to be used for Liquid limit and Plastic limit tests should pass
to what sieve?
Ans : No. 40 (0.425mm)
39. What is the material used for Bituminous Prim Coat?
Ans : Cut-Back Asphalt
40. In Item 303-application of cover aggregates shall be evenly spread
over the surface at the rate of approximately ______?
Ans : 0.004 to 0.007 m2/m2
41. Quality Control testing in the DPWH project is the responsibility of
the _______?
Ans : Contractor
42. As Material Engineer, when is the right time to start sampling and
testing aggregates?
Ans : Once the source is Identified
43. The minimum compressive strength for concrete ClassP is 5000
Psi, what is the minimum compressive strength for the concrete class
C?
Ans : 3000 psi
44. The concrete has been tested for consistency by the use of the slump
cone with base and tamping rod. After the test, the height of the
concrete measured 178mm. what is the slump of the concrete?
Ans : 127 mm
45. If the design of concrete mix has the following corrected batch
weight: cement = 40 kgs, fine aggregates = 65 kgs, coarse aggregate =
115 kgs, water = 15 liters. What is your actual batch weight for 1
cu.m class A concrete?
Ans : 360 bags Cement, 585 kgs of Fine Aggregates, 1035 kgs of
Coarse aggregate, 130 liters water
46. After the soil has been tested in an Abrasion Machine, he mass % of
wear compute is equal to 21%. If the Material is Item 201, does it
pass the DPWH Specs?
Ans : Yes, because he specs is 50% maximum.
47. What is the maximum depth of roadway embankment per horizontal
layer in loose measurement?
Ans : 200 mm loose measurement
48. Why is it that 6 samples are needed for quality test of concrete
masonry?
Ans : 3 samples for compressive strength and 3 samples for
absorption
49. If the course aggregates like is to be placed in layers, how many
layers should a 40 cm thick Aggregate Base Course is placed?
Ans : three (3)
50. Heavy Rain occur the night before prior to your scheduled field
density test, are you going to pursue your schedule? Why?
Ans : No, because the moisture content is high and can affect the
result
51. Checking the gradation of composite aggregates and asphalt content
asphalt mix can be done by what test?
Ans : Extraction Test
52. What is the device used in the testing for Liquid Limit Test?
Ans : liquid limit device with grooving tool
53. What apparatus is used in plastic limit Test?
Ans : Glass Plate
54. How long does a vibrator be inserted in a concrete mix?
Ans : not to exceed 15 seconds at 50-60 cm interval
55. Along the slope of high embankment ________ is a provided as an
erosion control measures and also to improve the stability of the
slope.
Ans : Berm
56. In soil and sub-surface explorations for flood control design of
foundation condition, a soil sample was taken for field and
laboratory tests. The test required for soil was taken, except
Ans : Specific gravity, abrasion, water content, atterberge limits,
gradation, compaction, relative density
57. Structure Crossing above such covered underground drainage
conduit shall be laid at least ______ above the top of the conduit.
Ans : 1.0 m, 0.5 m, 1.5 m, 2.0 m
58. Class of stones for riprap ranging from 15 kgs to a maximum 25 kgs
with at least 50% of the stones weighing more than 20 kgs.
Ans : Class A
59. Class of stones for riprap ranging from 30 kgs to a maximum 70 kgs
with at least 50% of the stones weighing more than 50 kgs.
Ans : Class B
60. Class of stones for riprap ranging from 60 kgs to a maximum 100
kgs with at least 50% of the stones weighing more than 80 kgs.
Ans : Class C
61. Class of stones for riprap ranging from 100 kgs to a maximum 200
kgs with at least 50% of the stones weighing more than 1500 kgs.
Ans : Class D
62. The Maximum size of stone for stone Masonry.
Ans : 150 mm
63. The Maximum size of aggregates for Item 300.
Ans : 1 inch
64. Required Maximum liquid limit for Item 300.
Ans : 35%
65. Required plasticity Index range on Item 300.
Ans ; 4% to 9 %
66. Range of sand size.
Ans : 2.00 mm to .005 mm
67. The ratio of the volume of voids to volume of solids.
Ans : Void Ratio
68. The Ratio of the weight of water to the weigh of solids.
Ans : Moisture Content
69. Significant of grading test are, except
Ans : Gives particle size distribution, measures permeability,
capillarity, measures the potential cohesion of soil.
70. Properties of concrete are, except
Ans ; workability, strength, durability, Cracking
71. In roadway construction test on sub-grade, the following will
determine the economical thickness, except.
Ans : Embankment, base, surfacing, sub-base
72. The relative consistency of a cohesive soil in natural state.
Ans : Liquidity Index
73. In a Atterberg limit, the following are determined, except
Ans : Shrinkage limit, liquid limit, plastic limit, Group Index
74. Minimum time for removal of forms and false works for slabs.
Ans : 14 days (Minimum % of design strength-70 %)
75. Minimum time for removal of forms and false works for centering
under girders, beam, frames and arches.
Ans : 14 days (Minimum % of design strength -80%)
76. Minimum time for removal of forms and false works for walls.
Ans : 1 day (Minimum % of design strength -70%)
77. Minimum time for removal of forms and false works for colunms.
Ans : 2 days (Minimum % of design strength -70%)
78. Minimum time for removal of forms and false works for side of
beams and all other vertical surfaces.
Ans : 1 day (Minimum % of design strength -70%)
79. A mass of the solid reinforced concrete cast around the head of a
group of piles to ensure that acts as a unit to support the imposed
load.
Ans : Pile Cap
80. An embankment shall can be compacted layer by layer.
Ans : 150 mm
81. Class of concrete deposited in water.
Ans : class seal
82. Class of the concrete used in all superstructures and heavily
reinforced substructures. The important parts of the structure
included are slabs, beams, girders, columns, arch ribs, box culverts,
reinforced abutments, retaining walls, and reinforced footings
Ans : Class A
83. Class of concrete used in footings, pedestal, massive piershalt, pipe
bedding and gravity walls, unreinforced or w/ only a small amount of
reinforcement.
Ans : Class B
84. Class of concrete used in thin reinforced sections, railings, pre-cast
piles, cribbing, and for filter in steel grid floors.
Ans : Class C
85. Class of concrete used in pre- stressed concrete structures and
members.
Ans : Class P
86. Height of dropping concrete to the points of deposit
Ans : 1.50 m
87. Reflectorized Thermoplastic Pavement Markings
Ans : Item 612
88. Permitted variation from the design thickness of the layer for Item
300.
Ans : + 15 mm and -5 mm
89. Item 310 shall have a mass percent of air voids with the range of
__________ ?
Ans : 3% to 5%
90. Dowel bars for PCCP shall be _______.
Ans : Plain Bars
91. Item 202 shall have a minimum soaked CBR value of _____.
Ans : 80 %
92. Permitted variation from design thickness of layer for Item 201.
Ans : + 10 mm
93. If slag is used as course aggregate for Item 311, the minimum density
is ____.
Ans : 1,120 kg/m3
94. Minimum price allowed of the contract for deficiency in the strength
of concrete specimens for PCCP which 10% to less than 15%
Ans : 70 %
95. This joint is also called cold joint. It is constructed when there is an
interruption of 30 minutes in the concreting operation.
Ans : Transverse Construction Joints
96. Minimum Variation of the surface from the testing edge of nthe
straight between contacts with the surface in Item 310.
Ans : 6.0 mm
97. Slump test of concrete determines, except
Ans : Workability, Fluidity, consistency, job density

98. The significance of liquid limit are the following, except

Ans : measure the shearing resistance of soil, measure the potential
cohesion of soil, fineness and shape of grain, atterberge Limits
99. In soil classification 35% or less passing No. 200 sieve are the ff.,
except
Ans : A-1, A-2, A-3, A-4
100. To evaluate the performance quality of a soil as a highly sub-
grade material.
Ans : Group Index
101. If the paving of concrete pavement will be done at the rate 200
ln.m half width per paving day, how many sets of concrete beam
samples shall be required. Given: A=115,000 sq.m, thickness = 230mm.
Ans : 353 sets
102. The required liquid limit for selected borrow toppings
Ans : 30%
103. The maximum plastic limit for selected borrow toppings
Ans : 6%
104. Soil is considered unsuitable when the material density is
Ans : 800 kg/cu.m or lower
105. The plasticity Index is determined in accordance with
Ans : AASHTO T90
106. The liquid limit is determined in accordance with
Ans : AASHTO T89
107. The required compaction of embankment, layer by layer.
Ans : 95%
108. The minimum compaction trial of embankment.
Ans : 10 meter wide by 50 meter long
109. Maximum plasticity Index for Item 200.
Ans : 12%
110. Maximum liquid limit for Item 200.
Ans : 35%
111. Maximum size of grading requirement for Item 200.
Ans : 2 inches
112. Los Angeles Abrasion Test for aggregate Sub-base course is
determined with
Ans : AASHTO T96
113. The required abrasion loss for Item 200.
Ans : 50%
114. The minimum CBR required for Item 200.
Ans : 25%
115. The required soaked CBR for aggregate sub-base course is
determined by
Ans : AASHTO T191
116. In same areas where the conventional base course materials are
scare or non-available, the use allowable percent weathered
limestone (anapog) blended with crushed stones or gravel.
Ans : 40% (60%- crushed stones or gravel)
117. Maximum size of aggregate for base course material under
grading B
Ans : 1.5 inches
118. Maximum required percent abrasion loss for Item 202.
Ans : 45%
119. Maximum required mass percent shall have at least one (1)
fractured face of Item 202.
Ans : 50%
120. Minimum required soaked CBR for Item 202.
Ans : 80%
121. Maximum size of aggregate for Item 201 under grading A.
Ans: 2 inches
122. Maximum size of aggregate for Item 202 under grading A.
Ans: 1.5 inches
123. Maximum size of aggregate for Item 202 under grading B.
Ans: 1 inch
124. This Item consists of foundation for surface course composed
of soil aggregate, lime, water in proper proportion, road- mixed and
constructed on a prepared subgrade/subbase.
Ans : lime stabilized Road Mix Base Course (Item 203)

125. The required plasticity index for Item 203

Ans : 4% to 10%
126. Maximum required mass percent of wear for the aggregate on
Item 203.
Ans : 50%
127. Maximum size of aggregate for Item 203 under grading A & B
Ans : 2 inches
128. Item number for water?
Ans : Item 714
129. In Item 203, how much is the required mass percent of lime to
be added to the soil aggregate?
Ans : 3% to 12%
130. Minimum soaked CBR for Item 203
Ans : 100%
131. Required percent compaction for Item 203?
Ans : 100%
132. Equipment to be used for initial rolling
Ans : pneumatic tire roller
133. Equipment to be used for final rolling
Ans : Wheel-tandem type steel wheel roller
134. It is a manually-operated device for deriving a measurement of
roughness from the surface profile which may be expressed in terms
of international Roughness Index.
Ans : Merlin Road Roughness Measuring Device
135. In the construction of bridge projects, what is the method used
to determine the casting length of the regular piles?
Ans : Test Pilling
136. It is an equipment which is used to measure differential
deflection between joints of a concrete pavement, to determine the
modulus of the existing slabs for use in the design of an overlay, and
to determine the remaining life of existing of pavement.
Ans : Falling Weight Decflectometer
137. what is the equipment used to pinpoint rebars, conduits, pipes,
nails, and other metal embedded in concrete before cutting or
drilling
Ans : Rebar Locator
138. Soil stabilized agent
Ans : Lime - for silty and clayey soil
 Cement for sandy soil
139. Water content at which soil passes from plastic to liquid state.
` Ans : Liquid limit
140. Water content at which soil passes from semi-solid plastic state.
Ans : Plastic Limit
141. Water content at which soil passes from solid to semi-solid.
Ans : Shrinkage Limit
142. Steel bars placed along longitudinal joints to hold the adjoining
slabs together are called ______.
Ans : Tie Bars
143. The concrete pavement surface shows high spots of 15mm in 3-
m straight edge. The concrete in the area represented by these high
spots _____.
Ans : Shall be removed and replaced ( but if high spots being noted
exceed 3mm but not exceeding 12mm, it shall be ground down
only)
144. What is depth of the thermometer inserted in the bituminous
mixture?
Ans : 2 inches
145. In the design of bituminous mix, the design criteria for stability
under the Marshall Stability Method for heavy traffic is _________?
Ans : 1800 lbs
146. The stability criteria of the Marshall Stability Method is the
maximum load resistance that a specimen will develop at _______.
Ans : 60%
147. Bituminous mix specimens are compacted at how many blows
at each end for heavy traffic design under the Marshall Stability
Method ?
Ans : 75 Blows
148. In a penetration test, if the penetration is 9, what is the grade of
the asphalt?
Ans : 85-100
149. In case of scarcity or non-availability of Type I Portland
Cement, What type of pozzalan shall be used?
Ans : Portland Pozzalan Cement Type 1P
150. The required Slump of concrete using slip-form method of
paving is ________
Ans : 1.5 inches
151. Deficeincy in the strength of concrete specimen wherein no
payment of contract price allowed is _____.
Ans : 25% or more
152. What is the length of a lot of pavement when a single traffic
lane is poured.
 Ans : 1,000 ln.m
153. What is the required size of concrete beam sample ?
Ans : 150mm x 150mm x 525mm
154. What is the length of a lot pavement when two lane are poured
concurrently?
Ans : 500 ln.m
155. What is the required compressive strength that concrete piles
be moved?
Ans : 80% of the designed 28-days compressive strength
156. The required circular pin diameter used to bend 10-20mm
reinforcing steel.
Ans : 6d (20mm 25mm = 8d: 28mm and above=10d)
157. What mixing speed of the transit mixer during batching.
Ans : 4 to 6 rpm
158. What is the slump of concrete Class A deposited in the water?
Ans : 10-20 cm
159. Job mix tolerance in Item 310 for grading, passing No. 200
sieve.
Ans : +2
160. Job mix tolerance in Item 310 for grading, passing No. 8 to No.
100 (inclusive)
Ans : +4
161. Job mix tolerance in Item 310 for grading, passing No. 4 and
larger sieve
Ans : +7
162. What is the required Index of Retained Strength of Item 310
when tested by ASSHTO T65
Ans : 70% Minimum
163. What is the minimum dry compressive of Item 310 ?
Ans : 1.40 MPa
164. What is the rate of the application of bituminous seal coat
using cut-back asphalt.
Ans : 1.5 to 3.0 lit/ m
165. What is the rate of application of bituminous seal coat using
asphalt cement?
Ans : 0.90 to 1.8 lit/m
166. This Item shall consist of preparing and bearing an existing
bituminous or cement concrete surface with bituminous materials
preparatory to the construction of bituminous surface course.
Ans : Tack Coat
167. Minimum thickness measured perpendicular to the slope using
Class D stones for riprap.
Ans : 800mm ( class A-300mm ; class B-500mm ; class C-600mm)
168. In batching concrete mix, the accuracy of cement content shall
be ______.
Ans : + 1.0 mass %
169. In core specimen asphalt mix thickness determination, it shall
have a diameter at least ______
Ans : 100 mm
170. The required speed in rolling in Item 310.
Ans : 5 kph
171. What is the required temperature in the mixture for Item 310.
Ans: 107C
172. What Item No. is Bituminous Surface Treatment?
Ans : Item 304
173. What is the required tolerance for bituminous material in job-
mix formula for Item 310?
Ans : + 0.4%
174. This Item shall consist of preparing and treating an aggregate
base course preparatory to the construction of a bituminous surface
course.
Ans : Prime Coat
175. The properly of asphalt mix to resist deformation from
imposed load
Ans : Stability
176. The properly of asphalt mix to withstand repeated flexing
caused by the passage of wheel loads.
Ans : fatigue resistance
177. The properly of asphalt mix to resist the detrimental effects of
air, water, temperature and traffic.
Ans : durability
178. The property of asphalt mix bend slightly without cracking and
to conform to gradual settlements and moments of the base and sub-
grade.
Ans : Flexibility
179. The range of aggregate composition of Item 310
Ans : 92% to 95%
180. What is the test asphalt in order to determine the effect of
water on the cohesion of the mix?
Ans : Immersion- Compression Test
181. To determine the thickness ______ of the asphalt, Immersion-
Compression Test is performed.
Ans : stability
182. Percent air voids will ______ as percent asphalt increase in
marshall stability.
Ans : decreased
183. to determine the temperature of delivered asphalt mix, what is
used?
Ans : armored thermometer
184. Peak and Muck soils are considered as :
Ans : Highly organic soils
185. why is it that a trial section is conducted in sub-base or base
course construction?
Ans : to the suitability of materials, efficiency of the equipment
used and the construction method.
186. What does it means when there is bleeding in a newly paved
asphalt road?
Ans : excessive asphalt content
187. In testing concrete cylinder sample, the applied load should be
continuous without shock at a constant rate within the range of
______.
Ans : 20-50 psi /second (compression) ; 125-175 psi (flexural)
188. It is a process of improving the properties of soil to make it
more suitable for a particular purpose.
Ans : Stabilization
189. If no beam sample taken to determine the strength of concrete
pavement, is it allowed in DPWH specs. To use core samples to
determine the strength.
Ans : yes, 3,500 psi @ 14 days
190. Tack coat must be at what condition prior to the application of
asphalt mix?
Ans : Tacky
191. The use of sea water in reinforced concrete may _______
Ans : induce risk of corrosion in reinforcing steel
192. Sub-grade having a CBR value of 2% or less is considered
______
Ans : weak subgrade
193. Sub-grade having a CBR value of 15% or more is considered
______
Ans : very stable
194. Sub-grade other than those defined in the two above categories
is considered _____
Ans : normal
195. what are the three (3) major group of soil?
Ans : granular soil, fine grained soil, organic soil
196. What is the significance of field density test?
Ans : to determine the degree of compaction of soil, it is also a
control test in embankment construction to ensure adequate
compaction.
197. What is particle size analysis?
Ans : It is the determination of particle size distribution in soil by
sieve, hydrometer or a combined analysis
198. What is the required particle size for selected borrow for
toppings under item 104.
Ans : all particle size will pass sieve 75mm or 3 openings and not
more than 15 mass % will pass 0.075mm.(ASSHTO T11)
199. What is Specific gravity?
Ans : It is used in a gravimetric-volumetric relationship in soil (or
defined as the ratio of the wt. in the air of an equal volume of water
of a stated temperature)

200. How many hours does a fine aggregate tested for specific
gravity and absorption be soaked in water?
Ans : 15 to 19 hours
201. How to determine if the fine aggregate reaches the saturated
dry condition.
Ans : It is determined by the use of cone test for surface moisture.
If the molded shape of line aggregate slump slightly, it indicates
that it has reached surface dry condition.
202. What is the significance of testing reinforcement steel bars?
Ans : To determine the yield and tensile strength of the bar as well
as its elongation and is used to classify the bars into grade.
203. What is the significance of bending test for RSB?
Ans : To evaluate the ductile properties of RSB
204. What is required testing requirement for paints?
Ans : 1 can ( gal or pail/ 100 cans(gal or pail)
205. How many concrete cylinder sample is required for 300 pcs
RCCP
Ans : 12 sets
206. If the concrete cylinder is not available for a 300 pcs RCCP,
How many pipes shall be subjected to test?
Ans : 5 pcs
207. In placing concrete, the required temperature should be less
than _____
Ans : 29C
208. Rolling of bituminous mix shall be discontinued whenever it
begins to produce excessive _____or _____
Ans : pulverizing of the aggregates, displacement of the mixture.
209. Soft and unsuitable soils were encountered during the course of
subgrade preparation. If you were ME assigned to the project, what
is the most effective and cheaper method that you would recommend
to stabilize the soil prior to the construction of the subbase course.
 Ans : Geotextile
210. During the application of the first half of the anticipated load a
______ rate of loading shall be permitted?
Ans : Higher
211. If there is a necessity to add water to the concrete mix in order
to increase its workability (provided concrete does not exceed
specified slump), how many minutes after the initial time of mixing
does adding water be permitted?
Ans : not exceeding 45 minutes and that water- cement ratio is not
exceeded.
212. What are two(2) types of bitumen that are commonly used in
the bituminous mixture?
Ans : TAR = is a viscous liquid obtained from the distillation of
coat or wood
PETROLEUM ASPHALT = are the products of the
distillation of crude oil.
213. What are the three (3) major petroleum asphalts?
Ans : Asphalt cement, cut-back asphalt, emulsified asphalt
214. What are the solvents of cut-back asphalts?
Ans : GASOLINE = for rapid curing type
KEROSINE = for medium curing type
DIESEL = for slow curing type
215. Emulsified asphalt are either _____ and _______
Ans : CATIONIC EMULSION = works better with wet aggregate
and in cold weather, it is
positively charge electron.
ANIONIC EMULSION = Adhers better to aggregate
which have positive charge. It is
a negative charge electron.
216. What is the Bituminous materials used in Item 310?
Ans : asphalt cement
217. What greatly affects the service of the asphalt?
Ans : grade and quantity of asphalt
218. The requisites in transporting sample of the laboratory is
______
Ans : Well packed in durable container to avoid damages in transit,
accompanied by a sample card filled up in detail and duly signed
by the ME.
219. The mineral filler which is the used in the bituminous mix is
passing sieve?
Ans : No.200
220. Cold mix asphalt is used in _____
Ans : pothole patching
221. VMA means
Ans : Voids in Mineral Aggregates
222. The compaction temperature in molding the bituminous
mixture specimen
Ans : 124C
223. The mixing temperature of bituminous mix is
Ans : 163C
224. The heating temperature of bituminous mix is
Ans : 121C 188C
225. A type of coring bit used in lock coring
Ans : diamond bit
226. It is dynamic test used in the field to obtain rapid empirical
results which can be used to estimate shear strength and bearing
capacity.
Ans : Standard Penetration Test
227. A tube sampler is the used in sampling disturbed sample.
Ans : Split spoon sampler
228. Used in sealing undisturbed sample
Ans : wax
229. A tube sampler is used in sampling undisturbed sample
Ans : Shelby tube
230. The maximum moisture content of CHB
Ans : 45%
231. The maximum absorption content of CHB
Ans : 240 kg/m
232. The heating temperature of aggregate range from
Ans : 177C -191C
233. The specific gravity of asphalt ranges from
Ans : 1.01 1.04
234. The allowable % variation in mass of deformed reinforcing
steel is
Ans : 6% maximum under nominal stress
235. The maximum allowable % phosphorous content of a
deformed and plain billet steel bar is
Ans : 0.06%
236. Tensile and yield strengths of steel bars?
Ans : Tensile strength Yield Point
Grade 40 483 Mpa 276 Mpa
Grade 60 621 Mpa 414 Mpa
Grade 75 689 Mpa 517 Mpa
237. Plasticity index is an indication of percent
Ans : clay content
238. The condition of the soil to be tested in the laboratory
compaction test is
Ans : Airdried condition
239. The method in the determination of density of soil in- place
Ans : Sand Cone Method
240. Air-dry sand used in the density apparatus is passing
Ans : Sieve No. 10 retained No. 200
241. In abrasion test, the abrasive charge shall consist of cast-iron
or steel spheres
Ans : Grading A 12 spheres
Grading B 11 spheres
Grading C 8 spheres
Grading D 6 spheres
242. In trucking mixing, the minimum number of revolutions after
all ingredient including water in the drum is
Ans : 100 rpm
243. A maximum time of ____ shall be permitted for wet mixing,
lay down and finishing when this method is used (Item206)
Ans : 2 hours
244. Traffic shall be prohibited from traveling at the speeds in
excess of ___ until the asphalt material has set
Ans : 40 kph
245. Mortar shall be used within ______ after its preparation
Ans : 90 minutes
246. In placing concrete for slab, using buggies, the correct method
that should be followed is
Ans : concrete should be dump into the face of the previously
placed concrete.
247. There is a failure of flexural strength in the pavement, if you
are the ME of your firm, what will you recommend?
Ans : conduct re-coring
248. When loads have been arriving at the spreader with the
material peaked or doomed up and a load suddenly appears in which
the material lies flat, it indicates
Ans : Excessive Asphalt
249. Where and when was the first use of Portland Cement?
Ans : BELTALONTAINE, OHIO (1893)
250. The curve in the logarithmic scale where the 25th blow is
projected in order to determine the liquid limit of the soil.
Ans : Flow curve
251. Percentage of wear represents the value of ______
Ans : Abrasion loss
252. In the design of concrete mix, what is the volume of water in
the concrete mix that produces a slump of 76.2 mm?
Ans : 24.7 liters
253. The standard fineness modulus of sand is about ______.
Ans : 2.75
254. The standard packaging weight of cement
Ans : 40 kg/bag
255. It is an impervious membrane applied to concrete pavement
before its initial setting that prevents rapid evaporation of water
from the mix
Ans : curing compound
256. The type of paint that is used for zone marking, traffic lane
and parking spaces which is rapid drying, resistant to abrasion and
weather condition an process improved visibility at night
Ans : reflectorized paint
257. An ingredient in the paint that gives reflection during night
time.
Ans : glass beads
258. The paint which is used in concrete or masonry units
Ans : Latex
259. The average loss in weight of three specimens in zinc coating
test
Ans : Single spot test
260. The type of paint that is used in wood surfaces. It is a special
type of paint made with varnish as the vehicle,
Ans : Enamel
261. good index is an empirical number ranging from 0 to 20 under
average condition of good drainage and adequate compaction. The
supporting value of a material as subgrade may be assumed as an
inverse ratio to its group index, that is a group index of zero indicates
Ans : good subgrade materials
262. It determines the target density which is constructed at the
beginning of the work on each course of material to be compacted.
Ans : Control strips
263. The instrument used in placing concrete in water in a
compacted mass in its final position.
Ans : tremie with 250mm
264. The maximum specific gravity of thermoplastic paint
Ans : 2.15
265. The softening point of a thermoplastic paint
Ans : 102.5C
266. The maximum drying time of thermoplastic paint.
Ans : 10 minutes
267. The rate of application of traffic paint.
Ans : 0.33 lit/m
268. The maximum drying time of traffic paint
Ans : 15-30 minutes
269. The minimum weight of sample for reflectorized paint
Ans : 10 kg
270. The apparatus used to measure the thickness or height of
compacted bituminous paving mixture.
Ans : vernier caliper
271. It is used in calculating the unit weight of the mixture of the
degree of compaction of the asphalt pavement.
Ans : Bulk specific gravity of compacted bituminous mixture using
saturated surface dry specimen.
272. The solvent in the extraction of bitumen.
Ans : gasoline
273. The percent of bitumen is computed based on
Ans : mass of dry aggregate
274. The method used to determine the grading of aggregate
extracted from bituminous mixture.
Ans : Mechanical analysis of extracted aggregates
275. A device used to determine the relative hardness of asphalt.
Ans : penetrometer
276. The measurement wherein the asphalt begins to melt.
Ans : Softening point
277. The Index of Retained Strength (IRS) is computed through the
formula
Ans : (wet stability/dry stability) x 100%
278. The temperature requirement in initial rolling for Item 310.
Ans : 200F to 225F
279. What is the color of asphalt when it is overcooked?
Ans : yellowish brown
280. How many gradation ranges for Hot Plant Mix bituminous
pavement are there in the blue book?
Ans : seven (7)
281. How many gradation ranges for Cold Plant Mix bituminous
pavement are there in the blue book?
Ans : two (2)
282. The cored sample of asphalt pavement is measured at
Ans : approximately quarter point
283. What is the plasticity index of mineral filler.
Ans : not greater than 4
284. The wearing away of pavement surface caused by dislodging
of aggregate particle.
 Ans : raveling
285. The interconnected cracked forming a series of small blocks
resembling an alligators skin or chicken wire.
Ans : Alligator crack
286. If the Coarse aggregate are subjected to five cycles of sodium
sulfate soundness test, the weighted loss shall not exceed
Ans : 10 mass %
287. If the Fine aggregate are subjected to five cycles of sodium
sulfate soundness test, the weighted loss shall not exceed
Ans : 12 mass %
288. Additives used in concrete mixing.
Ans : Admixture
289. The test that determines the resistance of aggregates to
disintegration by saturated solutions of sodium sulfate, magnesium
sulfate.
Ans : Soundness test
290. The design of concrete mix specified in the blue book is based
on
Ans : Absolute Design Method
291. The initial setting time of Portland Cement is not less than
Ans : 45 minutes
292. The final setting time of Portland cement
Ans : 10 hours
293. The apparatus used to determine the fineness of Portland
cement by air permeability
Ans : Blaine Air Permeability Apparatus
294. A mixture of cement and water is
Ans : Cement paste
295. The apparatus used to determine the initial & final setting of
Portland cement in the laboratory.
Ans : Gilmore needle
296. The compressive strength of cement mortar sample in 7 days is
Ans ; 19.3 MPa
297. What is the appearance of the molded cement paste which fail
to meet the autoclave.
Ans : crumbled
298. The critical number of days of curing of concrete
Ans : 7 days
299. It is equality as important as testing, and the sampler shall sue
every precaution to obtain samples that will show the nature and
condition of the materials which they represent.
Ans : Sampling
300. A soil sample received from the field for subsequent tests by
reducing aggregations of particle into sizes which will pass certain
sieves.
Ans : disturbed sample
301. A procedure to recover relatively undisturbed soil samples
suitable laboratory test of structural properties.
Ans : thin-walled tube sampling
302. The representative who will witness the testing of material in
an accredited laboratory.
Ans : Government
303. The type of additive that is used to delay the setting of fresh
concrete.
Ans : retarder
304. The type of additive that is used to attain maximum
compressive strength of concrete
Ans : Accelerator
305. The best enemy of construction.
Ans : Water
306. The following are considered unsuitable materials :
Ans : Materials containing detrimental quantities of organic
materials such as grass, roots and sewage
Highly organic material soil such peak and muck
Soils with LL exceeding 80% and /or PL exceeding 55%
Soils with a natural moisture content exceeding 100%
Soils with very low natural density, 800 kg/m
Soils that cannot be properly compacted as determined by
the engineer
307. What is the spec. of mass% passing in sieve No.200, grading A
for aggregate base course?
Ans : 0 to 12%
308. The rate of application of special curing agent.
Ans : 4 liter per 14 sq.m
309. The method of measurement for determining the depth of
river channel.
Ans : Sounding
310. If the type of soil in Item 200 is non-plastic, what atterberg
limit test can be performed?
Ans : Liquid limit Test
311. The minimum penetration of the preservation into the surface
of timber is
Ans : 20 mm
312. The Engineer shall be noticed at least _____ before the
treating process of timber.
 Ans : 10 days
313. All grout shall pass through a screen with a _____ maximum
clear opening.
Ans : 2 mm
314. The allowable height of fall in driving piles to avoid injury
using gravity hammer.
Ans : 2.5m 3.5m (concrete)
4.5m (timber)
315. This increases the shearing strength of aggregates of any size,
shape and gradation
Ans : Compaction
316. Bowl-shaped holes of various sizes in the pavement surface.
Ans : potholes
317. It is the activity of monitoring planned schedule against actual
and by speed task to make- up for past or future loss of time.
Ans : Delivery control
318. Admixture which can help incorporate a controlled amount of
air on the form moist in concrete during mixing without significantly
altering the setting or rate of characteristic of concrete.
Ans : air entraining admixture
319. Loose material is removed from all joints, cracks and areas
that have previously patched by asphalt by_____ with nominal ____
air pressure.
Ans : power sweeping and air blowing, 100psi
320. Super plasticizers can reduce the water content by __ and
increase the 24 hours strength by___?
Ans : 25% to 35%, 50% to 70%
321. Stabilization and under sealing are recommended if the mean
deflection is _____ or the differential deflection is _____
Ans : greater than 0.14 , greater than 0.002

322. The recommend thickness of Hot Mix asphalt overlay

depending on the expected traffic and the modulus of the cracked
and seated pavement section.
Ans : 3 to 5
323. In general, soils high value of this and plastic index are poor as
engineering materials
Ans : liquid limit of fines
324. A form of plastic movement resulting in localized bulging of
the pavement.
Ans : Shoving
325. Longitudinal surface depression in the wheel paths.
Ans : rutting
326. It is the chief load- bearing of gravel road?
Ans : base or subbase course
327. It reduces the vertical compressive stress induced by traffic in
the subbase and subgrade.
Ans : base course
328. Minimum separation of splices when staggered.
Ans : 40 times bar
329. Consist of furnishing, placing and finishing concrete in all
structure except pavements conforming to the lines, grade and
dimension.
Ans : Structural concrete.
330. Minimum grouting pressure of bonding tendons.
Ans : 0.5984 MPa (100psi)
331. Coring sampling shall be done at ______ interval by using split
spoon sampler and the depth needed is ____.
Ans : one (1) meter, 30m
332. The main cross member of bailey bridge that carry the road
way structure.
Ans : transom
333. What is the diameter of split spoon sampler?
Ans : 50mm
334. The uniform sampling run in core drilling.
Ans : 1.50m length
335. The initial diameter of bore hole.
Ans : 76mm
336. What is the core bit diameter?
Ans : 67mm
337. The required spacing of bore holes along centerline of road for
300 VPD traffic.
Ans : 250m (1.5m below subgrade)
338. The required spacing of bore holes along centerline of roads
for less than 300 VPD traffic.
Ans : 500m (along centerline)
339. The required spacing of bore holes along centerline for new
road on swampy or marshy ground.
Ans : 100m (2m along the centerline of new road)
340. The required spacing of bore holes for bridge project.
Ans : 1 deep drill for each abutment (30m run)
1 boring for each pier for multi-span (3m into the bed rocks)
341. The required spacing and depth of bore holes over foundation
area of dam
Ans : 60m spacing, 30m intermediate along centerline
Depth = times base width
342. For port and harbors projects.
Ans : 30m to 150m: 1m below dredged bottom (12 minimum for
piers & wharf)
343. For building (large area-greater than 930m)
Ans : 1 bore hole at each corner of the structure and one on the
interior (9m below lowest foundation)
344. For building less than 930m
Ans : two (2) boring at opposite corner
345. Occur on PCCP when the cutting of weakened plane is
delayed.
Ans : shrinkage cracking

346. What is the primary purpose in establishing design criteria in

design?
Ans : consistency
347. Position tolerance of duct tubes during casting operations.
Ans : + 4mm

348. This method is usually adopted when there is no visible

evidence of termite infestation.
Ans : Cordoning
349. This method is used when soil shows termite infestation.
Ans : Drenching
350. moisture content of rough lumber should not exceed ______.
Ans : 22%
351. Moisture Content of dressed lumber should not exceed _____.
Ans : 14%
352. Design pressure of glass in glazed position.
Ans : 244 kg/m
353. The minimum pressure of testing water tank.
Ans : 1,033.50 kPa
354. The minimum energy per blow of diesel hammer on
concrete/steel pile at each stroke.
Ans : 831.48 kg/m
355. The minimum distance allowed for the top portion of the splice
below ground line or seabed.
Ans : 2.5 meters
356. Consist of the excavation of river beds, bottom of creeks or
esteros an other bodies of water.
Ans : dredging
357. The slope of piles
Ans : 1:5
358. Longitudinal gutter grades shall not be greater than _____.
 Ans : 0.12%
359. Allowable for sediments or debris provided in the design.
Ans : 20%
360. It is digging of soil after the final marking of the building
outline has been established on the ground.
Ans : Minor excavation
361. It requires wide excavation of total extraction bearing
capacity.
Ans : footing
362. This shall conducted for building three (3) storey and above.
Ans : Boring test
363. The minimum depth of CHB wall footing of other minor
structure on the ground.
Ans : 700mm
364. The minimum depth of footing on a well compacted fill.
Ans : 100mm
365. Typical a plain or reinforced concrete that is usually provided
to support a column.
Ans ; Spread footing
366. Gabion dimensions are subjected to tolerance limit of _____ of
the manufactured state.
Ans : + 3%
367. A field density result of 63% degree of compaction obtained on
the subgrade indicates that
Ans : Compaction of the subgrade fails the compaction specs. And
need additional compaction.
368. Liquid limit is usually
Ans: greater than plastic limit
369. The blue book requires that the base course be compacted at
least
Ans : 100% modified proctor
370. As construction work progress, you noticed that the delivered
materials are different from the on test passed. If you are in doubt,
what will you do?
Ans : conduct immediate re testing for verification
371. Measure of construction materials for concrete structure shall
be
Ans : volume
372. The moisture density curve if different from each soil. Which
of the ff statement is true?
Ans : a) Granular, well graded soil generally have fairly high
maximum density at low optimum
Moisture content.
 b) clay soil have lower densities at OMC than granular, well graded
soil
c) granular, well graded soil have greater densities than uniform
soil at OMC.

373. What should be done on the subbase course with existing

moisture content 10% higher than the optimum moisture content?
Ans : dry out to reduce moisture, spread to the required thickness
and compaction.

374. The DPWH specs provide ____ tolerance for asphalt pavement
thickness
Ans : 5mm
375. Geosynthematic maybe used for
Ans : filtration or drainage, reinforcement, erosion control
376. Which of the is not included in determining moisture content?
Ans : a) beam balance
b) oven
c) moisture can
d) extruder
377. Steel bars are considered undersize if
Ans : Its nominal diameter as determined by caliper doesnt meet
the manufactured size
378. Sample of aggregate for base course when tested for quality
the requirements. Except grading. What will you recommend?
Ans : reprocess the materials by blending
379. Concrete curing refers to
Ans : procedure done to maximize concrete strength
380. What is the most interior type of soil as to its Engineering
Properties?
Ans : Organic
381. what is Quality?
Ans : the degree of excellence
382. What is control?
Ans : is to regulate
383. What is quality control?
Ans : it is conformance to requirement
384. What is assurance?
Ans : is the degree of certainly
385. What are the two kinds of control and activities?
Ans: Inspection and Testing
386. What is the minimum distance of the water table from
subgrade level?
 Ans : 4-5 feet
387. What is the process of combining two or more soil in suitable
properties to produce good grading on gravel, sand, silt and clay?
Ans : Mechanical Stabilization
388. what is the common material employed in stabilizing the
moisture content of soil or liquid and hydroscope in nature? It is an
aid in the compaction process by slowing the rate of evaporation of
moisture from the soil.
Ans : Calcium chloride or rock salt
389. When do clay and granular soils become unsuitable?
Ans : Clay soil becomes unstable if moisture content increase,
granular material become unstable if it has dried
390. Why do liquid asphalt was introduced in road construction
aside from asphalt cement?
Ans : it was introduced in order to save heating costs and from
convenience in road-mixing or priming
391. The theory of concrete design mix is to
Ans : Optimize aggregate packing and optimize properties of
cement mortar.
392. To optimize the properties of the cement mortar, one has to
depend on
Ans : cement type, cement content and water content
393. What type of cement is the ordinary cement (OPC)?
Ans : Type I
394. What type of cement is the moderate Sulphate Resistant
Portland Cement (MSRPC)?
Ans : Type II
395. What type of cement is the Rapid Hardening Portland Cement
(RHPC)?
Ans : Type III
396. What type of cement is the Low Heat Portland Cement
(LHPC)?
Ans : Type IV
397. What type of cement is the High Sulphate Resistant Portland
Cement (HSRPC)?
Ans : Type V
398. What type of cement is the Portland Blast Furnace Slag
Cement (PBFSC)?
Ans : Type 10

399. What type of cement is the Portland pozzolan Cement (PPC)?

Ans : Type 1P
400. Type I for general use such as
 Ans : Pavements and Sidewalks, building and Bridge and Tanks
and Water Pipes
401. Type III is used for
Ans : early stripping of forms and high early strength
402. Type IV is used for
Ans : massive structure such as dam.
403. What is testing soil that involves the application of energy and
addition of water as lubricant?
Ans : Moisture-Density relation test
404. The dividing line between gravel and sand in concrete
pavement is
Ans : No. 10
405. What is the volume of the mold using 6 for ASSHTO T-180
method in compaction test?
Ans : 0.002124 m
406. A material resulting from the disintegration, grinding or
crushing of rock and which will pass 2.0mm sieve and be retained on
the 0.075mm sieve.
Ans : Sand
407. What is ASTM?
Ans : American Society for Testing Materials
408. DPWH thru Bureau of Research & Standards has prepared a
revised laboratory testing procedure manual, in order to have be
consistent with the latest methods as prescribed under
Ans : ASTM & ASSHTO
409. What is AASHTO?
Ans : American Association Of State Highway & Transportation
Officials
410. What is the Maximum size of aggregate used in Item 104.
Ans : of the thickness
411. What category of contractor that are required by DPWH have
laboratory equipments or apparatus in pre-bidding qualifications?
Ans : Large
412. What kind of material that passes 0.001mm sieve?
Ans : colloids
413. In soaking sample for CBR, the water should at least _____
above the specimen
Ans : 25mm
414. A natural or prepared mixture consisting predominantly of
stone, gravel or sand and containing silt- clay materials.
Ans : soil aggregates
415. A rock fragment usually rounded or semi-rounded with an
average dimension between 75mm-305 mm.
 Ans : Boulders
416. The process of cutting the branches around a tree on the
roadside to make them denser and grow straight.
Ans : Pruning
417. The road near or abutment a bridge.
Ans : Approach
418. Settlement of right of way problems should be done.
Ans : before the construction
419. Material that has the greatest load carrying capacity
Ans : Sand and gravel
420. In Hydrographic survey, sounding joints should be made at a
maximum interval of
Ans : 20 meters
421. The use of geofabric material to increase the strength of the
subgrade material for road construction is classified as
Ans : Soil reinforcement Method
422. What to recommend if the surface test of newly asphalted
which showed a lump.
Ans : remove and replace the pavement area with irregularity
423. Controlled Density Method in embankment construction
involves.
Ans : Depositing and spreading materials in layers of not more than
225mm depth, loose materials and extending to the full width of
the embankment.

424. What type of cracks will appear on concrete if it was not cured
immediately after final placement especially during the first seven
days?
Ans : Plastic Shrinkage cracks
425. What is the commonly used as curing media for fresh
concrete?
Ans : Liquid membrane forming
426. What is the work sequence on cylinder specimen?
Ans : Cylinder shall be prepared, cured and tested at the specified
date.
427. When to remove the false work of continuous structure?
Ans : when the 1th and 2nd adjoining span on each side have
reached the specified strength
428. It is generally either a soft soil composed largely of sill, clay,
organic deposit or loose sand having high void rather and usually not
high water content.
Ans : weak Subgrade
429. What is Twelve- inches Method Embankment?
 Ans : the material shall be deposited and spread in layers not more
than 300mm in depth (12) measure, parallel to the finished grade
and extending to the full width of the embankment
430. What is rock embankment method?
Ans : the material shall be deposited on the fill and push over the
end of the fill by means of bulldozer. This method is only
applicable to fill 1.2m in depth. It shall not place with 600 mm of
the other grade.
431. What is the Hydraulic Fill Method Embankment?
Ans : the material shall be taken from borrow location and shall be
deposited so as to form the grade and cross section and shall be
thoroughly compacted.
432. What is the principal factor used in determining the thickness
of the pavement?
Ans : STRENGTH SUBGRADE (deterioration due to frustration
move also be considered)
433. What is placing and removing Surcharge Method
Embankment?
Ans : were unsuitable material is present under the embankment
corrected work consists of placing a surcharge constructed to the
full width of the road bed. This surcharge shall remain in place
until the embankment has stability or the required settlement.
434. What is Hydraulic Construction Method Embankment?
ANS : this involves the introduction of water into the embankment
to accelerate consideration.
435. Mixture of fine-grained aggregates, bituminous binder and
water for surface seating.
Ans : Slurry seal (bituminous slurry)
436. What is the formula for percentage of wear?
Ans : percentage of wear, % = (orig. wt. wt. retained @ sieve
#12) X 100 %
Original wt.
437. Free bitumen on the surface of the pavement which creates a
shiny, glass- like reflecting surface that usually becomes quite sticky
Ans : Bleeding
438. Occurring usually at the transverse cracks joint caused by
excessive expansion of the slabs during hot weather.
Ans : Crushing
439. The authorized hauling of materials in excess of the free haul
distance.
Ans : Overhaul
440. If slurry (wet) time is employed, what is the typical slurry
ratio?
 Ans : 1 tonne time : 2 cubic meter of water
441. What is the amount of cement to be added to the soil
aggregates in Item 204?
Ans : 6-10 mass% of the dry soil
442. Who is the father of soil mechanics?
Ans : Dr. Karl Terzhagi
443. Type V cement is used for
Ans : When sulfate content of groundwater is very high
444. The Inventor of Portland Cement was
Ans : Joseph Aspdin
445. Portland Cement is composed of blended materials containing
Ans : Calcium, Alumina, Iron, and silica
446. The simple recipe of Portland Cement is
Ans : 2 parts of crushed limestone, 1 part claypulvorized shale, 1
pinch of Iron, then 1 pinch of gypsum added to clinker.
447. Pozzolan cement is composed of raw material; called
Ans : volcanic earth
448. The 75% compressive strength of Portland Cement is
composed of
Ans : C3S and C2S
449. The 25% setting time of Portland Cement is controlled by
Ans : C3A and C4AF
450. When water is added to Portland Cement, _______ process is
developed.
Ans : Hydration
451. When Portland Cement contains low C3A, it means
Ans : the setting time is larger
452. Surplus time [Ca(OH)2] in Portland Cement when mixed with
water takes care of the concretes
Ans : Alkalinity
453. Course aggregates can be taken from
Ans : crushed rock, slag and river gravel
454. The water required for concrete mix should be
Ans : Fresh Water
455. Sea water is deleterious to concrete mix unless on admixture is
added because it contains
Ans : chloride
456. The entrapped air in concrete is
Ans : Accidental and unwanted
457. The entrained air in concrete is
Ans : deliberate and desirable
458. We use aggregate in concrete as
Ans : filler materials in concrete
459. Aggregate are important in concrete because they strongly
influence:
Ans : the properties of concrete, its mix proportion and its
economy
460. Which of the following is not deleterious material to concrete?
Ans : a) calcium
b) chloride
c) coal
d) sulphate
461. Over sanded and under sanded mixture require more water to
be workable, but ______ making it so will only result to sacrifice in
Ans : Strength
462. Concrete in the area represented by the cores will be
considered adequate if the average strength of the cores is equal to or
at least ____of the specified strength fc and no single core is less than
___.
Ans : 85% of fc, 75% of fc
463. Fine aggregate shall be rejected when it fails in the _____ for
organic impurities
Ans : Colormatic test
464. Portland Cement may be/ shall be rejected if:
Ans : it has partially set, it contains lumps of cake cement and it
comes from a discarded or used bag
465. A measurement of the coarseness or fineness of aggregates
Ans : Fineness modulus
466. An excess water needed for absorption of coarse aggregates
Ans : Free water
467. What do you mean by SSD?
Ans : Saturated Surface Dry
468. A general term relating to the character of a mix with respect
to its fluidity
Ans : Consistency
469. More silt and clay content to fine aggregate is
Ans : Objectionable
470. Type A admixture is classified by ASTM C494 as
Ans : Water- reducing admixture
471. The unit pressure greater than which progressive settlement
occur leading to failure
Ans : bearing capacity
472. The recommended thickness of hot mixed asphalt overlay
Ans : 2
473. In the test to determine the moisture content of samples, the
beam balance should be sensitive up to.
 Ans : 0.1 gram
474. If the sample can not be weighted within the prescribed time
after being removed from the oven within
Ans : 1 hour
475. Drying the material sample in the oven to constant weight at a
prescribe temperature, the drying time depends on the kind of soil
and size of the sample. A 25 gram sample of sandy material will be
dried about
Ans : 2 hours
476. Test conducted for building 3 storey and above
Ans : Boring test
477. A test to determine the moisture content of soil
Ans : calcium tri-chloride
478. The aggregate crushing value of strong aggregate is
Ans : Low
479. The kind of asphalt used in overlaying seated pavement
Ans : hot-mix asphalt
480. The minimum width of paved sidewalk
Ans : 1.5 meters
481. The limit of water- cement ratio of concrete
Ans : 0.50-0.60
482. A cement where compression is induced before the application
of working load so that tension under this load is reduced.
Ans : Pre-stressing
483. What laboratory test is used in determining the phosphorus
content of steel materials?
Ans : Phospho-molydate
484. What chemical property in the composition of steel material
that will cause brilleness or cold shortness when its content goes
beyond 0.05% to .10%
Ans : phosphorous
485. Base or Sub-base is exceed beyond each edge of proposed
concrete pavement
Ans : 0.60 m
486. If you want to adjust the slump and the air content, how you
do it?
Ans : + 10mm slump = + 2 kg/m from (water)
+ air entrapment = + 2 kg/m of average (water)
487. In non-entrained concrete, what is the range of air entrained?
Ans : 3% - 0.2% (small- bigger aggregate)
488. In air-entrained concrete, what is the range of air entrained?
Ans : 8% - 3% (small- bigger aggregate)
489. For the constant water cement ratio, what will happen if air
content involved?
Ans : The strength of concrete is reduce
490. What will happen if the lower the water-cement ratio and
maintaining other values of its ingredients?
Ans : it will acquire strength
491. What is the mixing time of concrete?
Ans : 1.5 m capacity mixer, T260 seconds
Above 1.5 m capacity mixer, T 290 seconds
492. When cement is in contact with moist aggregates, batch made
by mix will be disallowed beyond ____.
Ans : 1 hours
493. How many hours should an aggregate be washed and
stockpiled before batching starts?
Ans : 12 hours prior to batching shall be stockpiled or binned for
draining
494. When will truck mixing start?
Ans : mixing shall begin within 30 minutes upon cement has due
added 15 minutes when wet aggregate is used as 32C temperature
is present
495. Concrete delivered by agitation of truck mixer must be
discharged within 1 hour or 250 revolutions of the drum. why?
Ans : to avoid over mixing and initial setting of the concrete
496. In final computation of concrete in road to be paid, what is the
maximum size of pipe that is negligible in the volume computation?
Ans : pipes with of 4 or less