FITTINGS

Function of Fitting
Mengubah arah aliran
Membuat cabang
Mengubah ukuran jalur pipa
Penutup jalur pipa
Menyambung pipa

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Fitting Standard
ANSI/ASME B16.1 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged
Fittings
ANSI/ASME B16.3 Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings
ANSI/ASME B16.4 Cast Iron Threaded Fittings
ANSI/ASME B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
ANSI/ASME B16.9 Factory-Made Wrought Steel Butt welding
Fittings
ANSI/ASME B16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-Welding and
Threaded
ANSI/ASME B16.12 Cast Iron Threaded Drainage Fittings
ANSI/ASME B16.14 Ferrous Pipe Plugs, Bushings and Locknuts
with Pipe Threads
ANSI/ASME B16.25 Butt welding Ends

BPST P FITTINGS 2 - 19
 ANSI/ASME B16.28 Wrought Steel Butt welding Short Radius
Elbows and Returns
ANSI/ASME B16.39 Malleable Iron Threaded Pipe Unions
ANSI/ASME B16.42 Ductile Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged
Fittings, Classes 150 and 300
ANSI/ASME B16.45 Cast Iron Fittings for Solvent Drainage
Systems
ANSI/ASME B16.49 Factory-Made Wrought Steel Butt welding
Induction Bends for Transportation and
Distribution Systems
MSS SP-43 Edition - Wrought Stainless Steel Butt welding
Fittings
ISO 5251-1981 (E) Stainless Steel Butt welding Fittings

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 Fitting Materials
ASTM Material Specifications

Material Wrought Fittings

Carbon Steel A234-WPB
Cold Temperature Service A420-WPL6
Carbon-1/2 Moly Alloy Steel
High Temperature Service A234-WP1
3-1/2 Nickel Alloy Steel
Low Tempterature Service A420-WPL3
1 Cr-1/2 Mo Alloy Steel A234-WP12 CL2
1-1/4 Cr-1/2 Mo Alloy Steel A234-WP11 CL2
2-1/4 Cr-1 Mo Alloy Steel A234-WP22 CL3
5 Cr-1/2 Mo Alloy Steel A234-WP5
13 Cr Alloy Steel A234-WP9
Type 304 Stainless Steel (18 Cr-8 Ni)
Standard A403-WP304
Low Carbon A403-WP304L
High Temperature Service A403-WP304H
Type 310 Stainless Steel (25 Cr-20 Ni) A403-WP310
Type 316 Stainless Steel (16 Cr-12 Ni-2 Mo)
Standard A403-WP316
Low Carbon A403-WP316L
High Temperature A403-WP316H
Type 317 Stainless Steel (18 Cr-13 Ni-3 Mo) A403-WP317
Type 321 Stainless Steel (18 Cr-10 Ni-Ti)
Standard A403-WP321
High Temperature Service A403-WP321H
Type 347 Stainless Steel (18 Cr-10 Ni-Cb)
Standard A403-WP347
High Temperature Service A403-WP347H
Type 348 Stainless Steel (18 Cr-10 Ni-Cb)
Standard A403-WP348
High Temperature Service A403-WP438H

BPST P FITTINGS
4 - 19
Types of Fitting

Berdasarkan cara penyambungan

Dilas (Butt-weld)
Diulir (Threaded/Screwed)
Socket las (Socket-weld)

BPST P FITTINGS 5 - 19
 Berdasarkan fungsinya

Bends Welding Outlet

Tees Lateral
Reducer Nipple
Crosses Closures
Lap-Joint Stub End Bar Stock Plug
Swage

BPST P FITTINGS 6 - 19
BPST P FITTINGS 7 - 19
Elbows dan Return Bends
90 Elbow
The function of a 90 elbow is to change direction or
flow in a piping system. Elbows are split into three
groups
Long Radius
The centre to face dimension is always 112 times the
nominal pipe size of the elbow.

Short radius
Used when space limitations do not allow use of long
radius. Radius of curvature is 1.0 times the nominal
pipe size of the elbow

BPST P FITTINGS 8 - 19
 45 long radius elbow
The function of a 45 elbow is the same as a 90
elbow, but the measurement of dimensions,
however, is different to that of the 90 elbow. The
radius of a 45 elbow is the same as the radius of
the 90 L.R. elbow where R equals 112 D.
However, the centre to face dimension is not
equivalent to the radius as in 90 L.R. elbows. This
is measured from each face to the point of
intersection of the centre lines perpendicular to each
other. This is due to the smaller degree of bend.

Reducing elbow
Makes a 90 change in direction with a change in
line size.

BPST P FITTINGS 9 - 19
 Return bends
Changes direction of flow through 180, and is used
to construct heating coils, tube bundles for heaters,
vents on tanks, etc. Available in short, long and
extra long radius. Often used in blow down
manifolds as they reduce the number of welds and
thus the cost of fabrication

BPST P FITTINGS 10 - 19
Tees
Provide the best connection for branching or combining
flow through a side outlet
Straight butt welding tee
Side outlet of the standard tee is the same size as the
running (straight through) ends. Used to fabricate by-
passes and connect equal size lines

Reducing butt welding tee

Used to connect small inlets or distribution lines
For flow splitting the side connection may be used for the
main flow and the running connections with reducers used
for the reduced flow split streams

BPST P FITTINGS 11 - 19
Reducer (or increaser)
Joins a larger pipe to a smaller pipe
Concentric reducer
Used for vertical above and below ground pipe

Eccentric reducer
Used when it is necessary to keep either the top or the
bottom of the line level to prevent gas or liquid traps in
piping

BPST P FITTINGS 12 - 19
Swage (Or Swaged Nipples)
Used to connect butt welded piping to smaller screwed
or socket welded piping. Used as an alternative to the
reducer when greater reductions in line size are
required. Regular swages in concentric or eccentric form
give an abrupt change in line size, as do reducers.
"Venturi" swage allows smoother flow

BPST P FITTINGS 13 - 19
Welding Outlets

BPST P FITTINGS 14 - 19
 Weldolet
Makes a 90 branch, full-size or reducing, on straight
pipe.
Flat based Weldolets are available for connecting to pipe
caps and vessel heads

Elbolet
Makes a reducing tangent branch on long radius and short
radius elbows

Latrolet
Makes a 45 reducing branch on straight pipe

Sweepolet
Makes a 90 reducing branch from the main run of pipe.
Primarily developed for high yield pipe used in oil and gas
transmission lines. Provides good flow pattern and
optimum stress distribution

BPST P FITTINGS 15 - 19
Lateral
Permits odd-angled entry into the pipe run where low
resistance to flow is important. strength of the pipe.
Reducing laterals are ordered similarly to butt-welding
tees, except that the angle between branch and run is
also stated.

Nipple
A Pipe Nipple is a short pipe (12 inches or less), with
small opening which provides way for the liquids or
gases to pass through the pipe.

BPST P FITTINGS 16 - 19
Closures Caps
Used to seal the end of a pipe.

Bar Stock Plug

Seals the threaded end of a fitting

BPST P FITTINGS 17 - 19
Fitting Dimensions
Welding Fittings
ANSI/ASME B16.9 Factory-made Wrought Steel Butt
welding Fittings

ANSI/ASME B 16.28 Wrought Steel Butt welding Short

Radius Elbows and Returns

MSS SP-43 Edition - Wrought Stainless Steel

Butt welding Fittings

ISO 5251-1981 (E) Stainless Steel Butt welding

Fittings

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BPST P FITTINGS 19 - 19