LecturePart2PumpCurvesExample

A general diagram of open Pumping-Loop (Revision- Module 5 Lectures- Pump Sizing).

Z2
2
Pex

Pin
(Z2- Z1)

Z1

1

hlosses

ex = exit pressure of
P Pump unit: can be a single pump or multiple pump in combination
pump;
Submersible pump: pump unit is submerged in inlet/supply tank
( Pex Pin )
= pump total Qex= Qin
g
Pump unit combination in series:
minimum head (m)
Qin
required = hp = (Z2-Z1) +
losses+ V2 V1 = eqn.
2 2
Pump-A Pump-B
h
2g Qex= QA+ QB
system resitance
for Pump unit combination in parallel:
QA QB
curve.

Pump-A Pump-B

(Z2-Z1) = static delivery head (m); hlosses = total head losses in delivery pipe and fittings (m)
= (hf + hm)

f LV 2
hf = friction head losses in delivery pipes = , L=total pipe length, D=pipe inner diameter,
2g D
Q Q
V = flow velocity= ; f = Darcy-Weisbach friction factor in circular pipe (obtained
Apipe 2
D
4
from Moody chart, pp.380, Fluid Mechanics, F. White, ed. 7)

V2
hm = sum of minor head losses in pipe fittings = K i , Ki =loss coeff. for each fitting-i
2g i
Revise- Example 6.16 (pp.406, Fluid Mechanics, F. White, ed. 7)

Pumps combined in parallel: used when

delivery head is right but discharge rate is
smaller than required with a single pump.
Both pump A and pump B must operate at
same Pex (HA=HB) Qex = QA+B <(QA+QB)
the combined H-Q performance curve is
Operating or
obtained by adding QA & QB at the same
duty point
total H. If Pex,A>Pex,B, pump B can not be
added in until the operating head is below
the shutoff head of pump B.
(Z2-Z1) Shutoff head = H when Q=0.
Total pump power (in parallel),
Q A gH Q B gH
Ppump
A B

Operating or
duty point Pumps combined in series: used when discharge
rate is right but total head is smaller than required
with a single pump. Both pump A and pump B
must operate at same Q (QA=QB)
Pex=Pex,A+B<(Pex,A+ Pex,B) HA+B=<(HA+ HB). The
combined H-Q performance curve is obtained by
adding HA & HB at the same Q.
Total pump power (in series),
(Z2-Z1) QgH A QgH B
Ppump
A B

Figure: Performance and operating/duty points of two pumps operating singly and (a) in parallel or
(b) in series (source: pp.803, Fig. 11.19, Fluid Mechanics, F. White, ed. 7). In the figures, H=hp
for the system resistance curve.
Class Example

(a) Fundamental equations:

Dams open to atmosphere

Given

( )

( )

Flow Rate (l/s) Reynolds Num Friction Factor hf hp

0 0 0 0 8

15 2.32 x 105 0.0178 3.56 11.56

30 4.65 x 105 0.0165 13.24 21.24

45 6.97 x 105 0.0158 28.52 36.52

 Pump Curve vs System Resistance Curve
50

45

40

35

30
Head (m)

25 Pump Curve - 1
Pump
20
Pump Curve - 2
15 pumps in Series

10 System Resistance
Curve
5

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140
Flow (l/s)

Pumps in Series
(b) Expected duty point at 44l/s
Power consumed: 17.96kW for both pumps
8.98kW per pump

(c) Discharge isolation valve

Non return valve
Requirement for maintenance
Prevention of reverse flow through the pump during a sudden shutdown

Additional Information:
Outer diameter 0.09 m
Wall thickness 0.004 m
Area 0.00528 m2
Gravity 9.81 m/s2
Density 998 kg/m3
Viscosity 0.001 kg/(ms)
Efficiency 0.85
Static Head 8 m
Pipe Length 40 m
Steel Pipe, old
Pipe factor 0.025 mm
Pump Curve
head (one pump)
flow m3/s m head (two pumps) m
0 21 42
0.01 21 42
0.02 21 42
0.03 20.5 41
0.04 19 38
0.05 15 30
0.06 10 20
0.07 5 10
Reynolds Friction
Flow (m3/s) Rel. Roughness Velocity Number Factor hf hs htot power
0 0.000304878 0 0.00E+00 0 0.00 8 8.00 0.00
0.005 0.000304878 0.95 7.75E+04 0.02 0.45 8 8.45 0.49
0.01 0.000304878 1.89 1.55E+05 0.019 1.69 8 9.69 1.12
0.015 0.000304878 2.84 2.32E+05 0.01775 3.56 8 11.56 2.00
0.02 0.000304878 3.79 3.10E+05 0.017 6.06 8 14.06 3.24
0.025 0.000304878 4.73 3.87E+05 0.0168 9.36 8 17.36 5.00
0.03 0.000304878 5.68 4.65E+05 0.0165 13.24 8 21.24 7.34
0.035 0.000304878 6.63 5.42E+05 0.0162 17.69 8 25.69 10.36
0.04 0.000304878 7.57 6.20E+05 0.016 22.82 8 30.82 14.20
0.045 0.000304878 8.52 6.97E+05 0.0158 28.52 8 36.52 18.93