Professional Documents
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wavelet
estimation
For Hampson-Russell software
Menne
Menne Schakel
Table of contents
1 Background and introductory remarks ............................................................................................................................... 3
2 Broadband wavelet estimation method .............................................................................................................................. 4
3 Illustrations broadband wavelet estimation ........................................................................................................................ 5
4 References ...................................................................................................................................................................... 8
ad 1. Wavelet estimation and well-tying is a key task during an inversion project. Much insight is gained on how the well logs
(and reservoir properties) relate to the seismic during wavelet estimation. The conventional wavelet estimation can be
performed on the broadband seismic data directly. Another option is to use the bandpassed (e.g. 6 -60 Hz) or low-cut filtered
broadband seismic (e.g. at 6 Hz)
ad 2. Use the Wavelets > Extract Statistical Wavelet process to estimate a spectrum from the seismic using a fixed phase
spectrum for a fixed wavelet length. Test several time intervals. The geoscientist has to make a choice on the lowest seismic
frequency/wavelet length to use for the inversion. Low-frequency energy coherency can be investigated by examining filter
panels in several frequency ranges (e.g., 2 3 Hz, 3 4 Hz, 4 5 Hz) along a key event. Background information from
processing is another valuable resource to establish the lowest meaningful frequency.
ad 3. Use Data Explorer > Wavelet Data Explorer > Options > Edit to edit wavelets. Matching and extrapolation of the phase
is done. For extrapolation of the phase spectrum (at low and high frequencies) several scenarios can be tested, such as
constant, linear, and curved
ad 4. Use the Log processing > Log Correlation process and the Inversion > Inversion Analysis process for test-inversions.
The following tests can be done (non-exhaustive): judge the quality of the well-tie, perform test-inversions to judge the
validity of the broadband wavelet(s) and look at the QCs (for instance a crossplot of well-log and inverted elastic property at
the well location). From this validation the suitability of a broadband wavelet for inversion can be assessed. In case there are
several plausible broadband wavelets, the preferred wavelet and the extent to which the inversion results will differ can also
be determined.
Figure 1: Conventional wavelet (top left), estimated zero-phase statistical wavelet (top right), initially proposed broadband wavelet (bottom
left) and final broadband wavelet (bottom right).
Figure 2: Left panel: Proposed wavelet (blue) and a direct broadband wavelet estimation (gray). Right panel: Final broadband wavelet (blue)
and the direct broadband wavelet estimation (gray). The gray wavelet phase spectrum can also be approxim ated by a linear slope towards a
negative phase value.
Whether the blue broadband wavelet of the left panel or the blue broadband wavelet of the right panel should be used can
be tested by comparing the well-ties and real log versus inversion result correlations in the Inversion Analysis process. The
inversion result using the blue broadband wavelet of the left panel is shown in the left panel of Figure 3 (red curve). Also
shown is the starting model (black curve) and the real log (blue curve). The inversion result using the blue broadband
wavelet of the right panel is shown in the right panel of Figure 3.
Figure 3: Real P-impedance (kg/m^3*m/s) log (blue), starting model (black), and inversion at well location (red) for an inversion using the
blue broadband wavelet of the left panel in Figure 2 (left) and for an inversion using the blue broadband wavelet of the right panel in Figure
2 (right).
Figure 4: Crossplot of the well log P-impedance and the inversion result at the well location for an inversion using the blue broadband
wavelet of the left panel in Figure 2 (left) and for an inversion using the blue broadband wavelet of the right panel in Figure 2 (right). Time
interval corresponds to the time interval over which the inversion was computed as shown in Figure 2. Sample interval is 2 ms.