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Chapter 1: The Project

1.1 Project Background

Analog CCTV (Closed Circuit Television) and IP (Internet Protocol) camera are the primary
equipment for security. They monitor events and play it back if needed. Many crimes are solved through the
use of CCTV. This system can preview events that happened already and reveal the people involve.
Investigation of the police became fast and accurate by the use of this system. Many infrastructures, private
or public use this system. Location with a countless crowd like hotels, malls or banks administer to install this
system for security purposes. Considering the security purposes, many crimes are also conducted in public
utility vehicles like buses and taximeter cab to name a few. They are not monitored due to lack of security
system on these vehicles.

In this project, the proponents were to design a CCTV video surveillance system for Palace
apartment, in Kapilya St. San Miguel, Manila. Specifically by highlighting the key considerations and
recommended design of a CCTV video surveillance system. Apartment building becomes the perfect
candidate for the proposed system because of the escalating demand of the apartment security of every
tenant must be considered. Apartment building provides a CCTV system on the platform and being monitored
in the OCC (Operation Control Center) and security guard in the Apartment. Usually the guards are just
stationed in all gates of the apartment.

This design aims to develop a variety of design that could increase the security and monitoring of
the tenants as well as the personnel inside the building. Each floor can monitor every corridor through CCTV
camera and call the attention of the authorized personnel if infringement of rights transpires or code of
conduct is debased.

This design project can protect your staff in many different ways. Firstly it can protect them physically
against violence from tenants, but at the same time it can also protect them against false accusations -
perhaps coming from colleagues or even from clients and tenants. Likewise not all theft comes from the
general public. Sad though it is, probably more theft in fact comes from staff. This way you can prevent this
from being an issue. Furthermore, this design encourages the best behavior and manners from your staff as
they know they're being watched thereby ensuring that they run the workplace as best as possible 24/7 as
though you were in the room.

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1.2 Project Objective

The main objective of proponents is to design a Security Surveillance Monitoring System for apartment
that will function effectively to ensure security for every tenants and monitoring of the personnel on board.

This specific objective of this project aims to do the following:

To design a Security Surveillance Monitoring System inside the Apartment building for tenants and
authorized personnel
To design a Security Surveillance Monitoring System that is based on the constraints such as
economic, sustainability and manufacturability
To design a Security Surveillance Monitoring System that is based on the application of local and
international standards

1.3 The Client

The chosen client for the proposed project is Palace Apartment Building. Located at Kapilya St. San
Miguel, Manila. There are 8 units per floor and have a minimum of 6 persons per unit.

Figure 1.1 Palace Apartment Building

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1.4 Project Scope and Limitations

The following will be the scope of the project.

The primary focus of the project is to design a Security Surveillance Monitoring System inside the
Palace Apartment Building by following the application of local and international standards
The system will use CCTV or IP camera as the primary equipment for security surveillance
monitoring.
Real time viewing and storages will be included in the system

Limitations

Smart camera will not be used in this system


Installation and implementation will not be included
Specific brand of camera will not be cited
Configuration of the equipment such as in the switch and modem will be excluded in the project

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1.5 Project Development

Identification of the Problem

Look for the Problem Solution

NO
Preparation

Is the project solvable


considering its
constraints and
limitation?

B YES

Gathering Related Designs Planning

Guidelines in Designing Surveillance System

Preparation of the floor plan

Determine the desired location of the Equipment

Design
Structure Cabling of the system

Internet connection of the system

Simulation of transmission of data

A
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A

NO
Is the design process
B applicable to the design
options?

Design

YES

Design Trade Offs

Selection of design according to constraints

Final Design

Figure 1.2 Project Development Framework

Figure 1.2 shows the development framework of the design. It is composed of three parts the
preparation, planning and design.

Preparation: It involves the identification of the problem and where the problem is. If problem is notable it is
necessary to look for the possible solution and if the project solvable considering its constraints and limitation.

Planning: Involves the gathering of related designs that could help to design the system and reading
guidelines in designing a surveillance system. These things make sure that the design is proper and not
violating any standards.

Design: Involves the steps in designing the system. Started from gathering the floor plan of the structure,
identify the proper location of the camera that could give a minimal blind spot. Structure cabling of the camera
is also included in the design. The selection of the final design will be based on the constraints.

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Chapter 2: Design Inputs

2.1 Site Location

Figure 2.1: Palace Apartment Location

Location: Kapilya Street, San Miguel, Manila

The Design Project must have the following equipment:

Cameras
Video Recorders
Router
Monitor
Switch
Cable

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Figure 2.2 First Floor

Figure 2.3 Second Floor to Fifth Floor

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Considerations in CCTV Design

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Chapter 3: Project Design

3.1 Design 1: Analog CCTV with IP Access

Equipment Layout of Design 1:

Figure 3.1 Equipment Layout of Analog CCTV with IP Access

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Equipment Used for Design 1:

Power Supply

Figure 3.2 Power Supply

A CCTV power supply box, also known as a power distribution box, allows surveillance system
installers to easily manage the power to multiple CCTV cameras at a central point (usually at the location of
the DVR). This allows your camera installation to be neater.

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Analog Cameras

Figure 3.3 Analog Cameras

The camera is the element which captures the image and transmits it back to a monitor. The camera
needs a lens to be able to focus on the subject. There are wide variety of lenses to suit different applications.

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Digital Video Recorder

Figure 3.4 Digital Video Recorder

An electronic device that records video in a digital format to a disk drive, USB flash drive, SD memory
card, SSD or other local or networked mass storage device.

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Monitor

Figure 3.5 Monitor

The receiver unit which converts the captured image into a picture, allowing audience to see it.

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Router

Figure 3.6 Router

A networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks. Routers perform the
traffic directing functions on the Internet. A data packet is typically forwarded from one router to another
through the networks that constitute the internetwork until it reaches its destination node.

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Modem

Figure 3.7 Modem

A network hardware device that modulates one or more carrier wave signals to encode digital
information for transmission and demodulates signals to decode the transmitted information. The goal is to
produce a signal that can be transmitted easily and decoded to reproduce the original digital data.

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Internet Service Provider

Figure 3.8 Internet Service Provider

A company that provides Internet services, including personal and business access to the Internet.
For a monthly fee, the service provider usually provides a software package, username, password and
access phone number. Equipped with a modem, you can then log on to the Internet and browse the World
Wide Web and USENET, and send and receive e-mail. For broadband access you typically receive the
broadband modem hardware or pay a monthly fee for this equipment that is added to your ISP account billing.

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Remote Devices

Figure 3.9 Remote Devices

A remote device that has an internet access and converts the captured image into a picture, allowing
audience to see it.

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3.2 Design 2: IP CCTV

Equiment layout for design 2:

Figure 3.10 Equipment Layout of IP CCTV

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Equipment used in Design 2:

IP Dome Camera

Figure 3.11 IP Dome Camera

An IP camera is a networked digital video camera that transmits data over a Fast Ethernet link. IP
cameras (also called "network cameras") are most often used for IP surveillance, a digitized and networked
version of closed-circuit television (CCTV).

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POE Switch

Figure 3.12 POE Switch

A POE switch is a network switch that has Power over Ethernet injection built-in. Simply connect
other network devices to the switch as normal, and the switch will detect whether they are POE-compatible
and enable power automatically. POE switches are available to suit all applications, from low-cost
unmanaged edge switches with a few ports, up to complex multi-port rack-mounted units with sophisticated
management.

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Network Video Recorder

Figure 3.13 Network Video Recorder

A network video recorder (NVR) is a software program that records video in a digital format to a disk
drive, USB flash drive, SD memory card or other mass storage device. An NVR contains no dedicated video
capture hardware. However, the software is typically run on a dedicated device, usually with an embedded
operating system. Alternatively, to help support increased functionality and serviceability, standard operating
systems are used with standard processors and video management software. An NVR is typically deployed
in an IP video surveillance system.

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Monitor

Figure 3.14 Monitor

The receiver unit which converts the captured image into a picture, allowing audience to see it.

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CAT6

Figure 3.15 Cat6

Cat 6 is a standardized twisted pair cable for Gigabit Ethernet and other network physical layers that
is backward compatible with the Category 5/5e and Category 3 cable standards. Compared with Cat 5 and
Cat 5e, Cat 6 features more stringent specifications for crosstalk and system noise.

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Chapter 4: Constraints, Trade-Offs and Standards

4.1 Design Constraints:

Economic

The economic constraint is usually the first constraint to be considered. The design must
comply with what the client really need to their business activities at the same time having
an income as quickly as possible. In considering economic constraints, proponents should
propose a design that will require minimal cost but can output a reliable and sustainable
service what the customers needs.

Sustainability
Another constraint that should be considered is the sustainability of the whole design, how
can it be beneficial to the client and how long can the materials be of usage. Another thing
under sustainability is the maintenance work of the longevity of system designs
effectiveness.

Reliability
Last and mostly important constraint to consider by the proponents is the reliability. The
design must not just comply with the needs of the client but give the most effective design.
100 percent is surely impossible due to man-made or natural faults but things that can affect
the performance of the design.

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4.2 Design 1: Analog CCTV with IP Access

Figure 4.1 Design 1: Analog CCTV with IP Access

Economic Reliability Sustainability


- Prices of equipment are - Camera has a 1.3MP - Uses octopus
cheaper resolution installation and wiring
- Uses more cable - Time response has no - Life span depends on the
- Power supply is delay brand used.
separated - Less configurations

Table 4.1 Trade Offs of Design 1

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4.3 Design 2: IP CCTV

Figure 4.2 Design 2: IP CCTV

Economic Reliability Sustainability

- More expensive in - High video quality - Depends on the brand of


equipment. NVR is more the equipment
expensive than DVR
- Response time on - Same storage capacity
- More equipment monitor has delay of 0.3- with analog
required but less wiring 0.5 seconds
- Lesser wiring, easier to
maintain

Table 4.2 Trade Offs of Design 2

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4.4 Trade-Offs Result

On overall ranking of the criteria, the Sustainability will be given (5), Reliability will be given (4) and the
Economic Cost will be given as (5).

Design Criterions Analog CCTV IP CCTV


Criteria Importance

Economic 5 5 25 3 15

Reliability 4 5 20 4 16

Sustainability 5 4 20 5 25

Over-all Rank 65 56

Table 4.3 Trade-Off Result

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Chapter 5: Final Design

FLOOR PLAN

Figure 5.1: CCTV Field of View (First Floor and Parking Lot)

Figure 5.2: CCTV Ceiling Electrical Plan (First Floor)

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Figure 5.3: CCTV Perspective View Lobby Entrance (First Floor)

Figure 5.4: CCTV Perspective View Near Control Room (First Floor)

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Figure 5.4: CCTV Perspective View Fire Exit (First Floor)

Figure 5.5: CCTV Perspective View Fire Exit Parking Lot (First Floor)

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Figure 5.6: CCTV Perspective View Parking Lot Entrance (First Floor)

Figure 5.7: CCTV Field of View (Second Floor)

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Figure 5.8: CCTV Ceiling Electrical Plan (Second Floor to Fifth Floor)

Figure 5.9: CCTV Perspective View at the Staircase (Second Floor)

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Figure 5.10: CCTV Perspective View at Fire Exit (Second Floor)

Figure 5.11: CCTV Building Electrical Plan (Second Floor

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Equipment Used

In designing the Palace Apartment, certain guidelines and parameters should be taken into
considerations in order for the design to be successful.

Equipment Description

Video Camera A camera used for electronic motion


picture acquisition.

Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) Provide Internet access to devices that are within
the range of a wireless network that is connected
to the Internet.

Capable of transmitting data at very fast rates,


LAN (Local Area Network) much faster than data can be transmitted over a
telephone line.

CCTV (Closed-Circuit Television) A TV system in which signals are not publicly


distributed but are monitored, primarily for
surveillance and security purposes.

Storage It is where the data is being stored

DVR (Digital Video Recorder) An electronic device that records video in a digital
format to a disk drive, USB flash drive, SD memory
card, SSD or other local or networked mass
storage device.

UPS (Uninterruptable Power Supply) An electrical apparatus that provides emergency


power to a load when the input power source
or main power fails.
Table 5.1: Equipment and Description

Table 5 shows the equipment and its description that we will install in the building together with its
corresponding application.

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Dome

The SNV-1080R is a compact vandal-resistant VGA network dome camera featuring built-in IR LEDs
which make it suitable for use in the most demanding applications. With the Samsung Techwin WiseNetS
DSP chipset at its core, the SNV-1080R delivers a host of advanced features including face detection
analytics to eliminate image noise in low light conditions, and Samsung Super Dynamic Range (SSDR); it
has an analogue video output port enabling conventional analogue viewing to make set-up on site easy.

Figure 5.12: SNV-1080R IP Dome Camera

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Video
Imaging Device 1/4 PS CMOS
Total Pixels 680(H) x 512(V)
Effective Pixels 680(H) x 480(V)
Scanning System Progressive
Min. Illumination Color: 0.7Lux (F1.2, 50IRE), B/W: 0Lux (F1.2, 50IRE, IR LED on)
S/N Ratio 50dB
Video Out DIP connector type
Lens
Focal Length 2.2 ~ 7.7mm (3.5x) varifocal
Max. Aperture F1.2
Angular Field of View H: 94(Wide) ~ 26.5(Tele), V: 70(Wide) ~ 20(Tele)
Min. Object Distance 500mm
Mount Type Board type (14)

Network
Ethernet RJ-45
Video Compression Format H.264, MJPEG
Resolution 640x480 / 320x240 /160x120
Max Framerate 30fps
Video Quality Adjustment H.264: Compression level
MJPEG: Quality level control
Electrical
Input Voltage 12VDC / PoE (IEEE802.3af)
Power Consumption DC: Max. 3.4W, PoE: Max. 4W
Standard BS EN 50132-5:2001
Alarm systems. CCTV surveillance systems for use in security
applications. Video transmission
Table 5.2 Dome Camera Specification

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Bullet

The SNO-1080R is a stylish general purpose VGA weatherproof IR camera suitable for a wide range
of outdoor applications which require 24/7 monitoring. With the Samsung Techwin WiseNetS DSP chipset at
its core, which delivers a host of advanced features including face detection analytics, third generation
Samsung Super Noise Reduction to eliminate image noise in low light conditions, and Samsung Super
Dynamic Range: it has an analogue video output port enabling conventional analogue control device to make
set-up on site easy? Rated to IP66 with integrated sunshield and supplied with a mounting bracket that allows
the camera to be installed either wall, surface or ceiling mount to ensure the required field of view can be
obtained every time.

Figure 5.13: Samsung SNO-1080R IP 25ips Bullet Camera with IR

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Video
Imaging Device 1/4 PS CMOS
Total Pixels 680(H) x 512(V)
Effective Pixels 680(H) x 480(V)
Scanning System Progressive
Min. Illumination Color: 0.7Lux (F1.2, 50IRE), B/W: 0Lux (F1.2, 50IRE, IR LED on)
S/N Ratio 50dB
Video Out DIP connector type
Lens
Focal Length 2.2 ~ 7.7mm (3.5x) varifocal
Max. Aperture F1.2
Angular Field of View H: 94(Wide) ~ 26.5(Tele), V: 70(Wide) ~ 20(Tele)
Min. Object Distance 500mm
Mount Type Board type (14)
Network
Ethernet RJ-45
Video Compression Format H.264, MJPEG
Resolution 640x480 / 320x240 /160x120
Max Framerate 30fps
Video Quality Adjustment H.264: Compression level
MJPEG: Quality level control
Electrical
Input Voltage 12VDC / PoE (IEEE802.3af)
Power Consumption DC: Max. 3.4W, PoE: Max. 4W
Standard BS EN 50132-5:2001
Alarm systems. CCTV surveillance systems for use in security.
Video transmission
Table 5.3 Bullet Camera Specification

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Wireless Fidelity

Wireless N 150 Home Router (DIR-601), which delivers high performance end-to-end wireless
connectivity based on Wireless N technology. The DIR-601 provides better wireless coverage and improved
speeds over previous-generation Wireless G1. Upgrading your home network to Wireless N 150 provides an
excellent solution for experiencing better wireless performance while sharing a broadband Internet
connection with multiple computers over a secure wireless network.

Figure 5.14: D-link Wireless 150 Router

Based on Wireless N Technology


Standards IEEE 802.11g
IEEE 802.3
IEEE 802.3u

Interface Type 4 10/100 LAN Ports


1 10/100 WAN Port

Antenna Type External Antenna

Security Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2)


Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS)

Table 5.4 Router Specification

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Local Area Network

The DGS-3120 xStack Series are enhanced L2 access stackable switches designed to connect end-
users in a secure SMB or enterprise network. These switches support physical stacking, multicast and
enhanced security, making them an ideal Gigabit access layer solution. The DGS-3120-24TC/48TC provides
20 or 44 10/100/1000 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet ports and 4 combo 1000BASE-T/SFP Gigabit Ethernet ports.
The DGS-3120-24PC/48PC provides 24 or 48 10/100/1000 Mbps PoE (Power over Ethernet) Gigabit
Ethernet ports and 4 combo 1000BASE-T/SFP Gigabit Ethernet ports. The DGS-3120-24SC/24SC-DC
provides 16 SFP Gigabit Ethernet ports and 8 combo 1000BASE-T/SFP Gigabit ports. Each 10/100/1000
Mbps port of DGS-3120-24PC/48PC supports 802.3af and 802.3at Power over Ethernet standard. The
default power budget is 370 Watts and can be expanded to 740 Watts with the DPS-700 RPS. The switches
are also equipped with an SD Card slot, allowing the user to boot images and upload configuration files
directly from an SD Card.

Figure 5.15: DGS-3120 xStack Series Switch

16 SFP
Interface 8 Combo 10/100/1000Base-T/SFP

Console Port RJ-45


Stacking Port 2
Switching Capacity: 88 Gbps
Performance 64-Byte Packet Forwarding Rate: 65.48 Mpps
Packet Buffer Memory: 2 MB
Flash Memory: 32 MB
Security SSH v2
+SSL v1/v2/v3
Table 5.5 DGS-3120 xStack Series Switch Specification

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Monitor

A monitor or a computer display is an electronic visual display for computers. A monitor usually
comprises the display device, circuitry, casing, and power supply. The display device in modern monitors is
typically a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) or a flat panel LED display, while older monitors
used a cathode ray tubes (CRT). It can be connected to the computer
via VGA, DVI,HDMI, DisplayPort, Thunderbolt, LVDS (Low-voltage differential signaling) or other proprietary
connectors and signals.

Figure 5.16: 32 inches Monitor

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Storage

Storage is frequently used to mean the devices and data connected to the computer through
input/output operations - that is, hard disk and tape systems and other forms of storage that don't include
computer memory and other in-computer storage. For the enterprise, the options for this kind of storage are
of much greater variety and expense than that related to memory.

A hard disk drive (HDD), hard disk, hard drive or fixed disk is a data storage device used for storing
and retrieving digital information using one or more rigid rapidly rotating disks (platters) coated with magnetic
material. The platters are paired with magnetic heads arranged on a moving actuator arm, which read and
write data to the platter surfaces. Data is accessed in a random-access manner, meaning that
individual blocks of data can be stored or retrieved in any order and not only sequentially. HDDs are a type
of non-volatile memory, retaining stored data even when powered off.

Figure 5.17: 6Terabyte WD Storage

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Digital Video Recorder

The DNR-2060-08P JustConnect Multifunctional Digital Video Recorder is a comprehensive


standalone network video display, storage, and management solution providing reliable high quality
monitoring for IP-based security systems. The DNR-2060-08P enables simultaneous recording and remote
access to recorded videos as well as live view. Controlling the DNR-2060-08P is exceptionally easy using
conventional front panel controls, or with an optional keypad and mouse, or remote control handset. The
highly flexible, simple-to-configure, and manage make the DNR-2060-08P a cost-effective upgrade addition
to your security and surveillance infrastructure.

Figure 5.18: DNR-2060-08P Just Connect Digital Video Recorder

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Recording

Video codec H.264 MJPEG


Recording modes Continuous Event (motion, alarm, video loss)
Schedule

Recording performance Up to eight channels Pal: 200pps at 1080P, 720P, 480P


NTSC: 240pps at 1080P, 720P, 480P (camera dependent)
(camera dependent)
Pre-alarm/post-alarm 0 to 70 seconds
Playback

Playback NTSC: 60pps at 1080P, 120pps at 720P, PAL: 50pps at 1080P, 100pps at 720P
240pps at 480P (camera dependent) & 200pps at 480P (camera
dependent)
Playback search Forward, reverse, step-by-step and Front panel/keyboard and mouse via
different speed play/ calendar, event & USB port/remote control handset
panorama
Playback control Play, pause, stop, reverse, play next,
previous frame, next, previous video file,
speed control
Playback features Full screen display, video snapshot, digital
zoom
Local Display

Video output 1080 x 1920, 1280 x 1024, 1280 x 720,


1024 x 768
Display mode /8 channels display
Backup and Export

Video Backup External USB storage eSata storage

NAS Export to NAS

Export Formats AVI/RAW/DRV3


Configuration Export configuration to USB
External Device Interface RJ45 port (auto MDI/MDIX) Gigabit LAN DC-in jack
Eight RJ45 port with PoE+ (IEEE 802.3at) eSATA
VGA EightDI/DO
HDMI Audio out

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Security

Rights management Multiple monitoring and playback account


levels
Automatic log off Idle user timeout on configuration pages
User management Administrator/user group password
authentication
Network

Ports Eight 10/100 TX IEEE 802.3at PoE+ Auto MDIX RJ-45 Gigabit Ethernet
Ethernet LAN
Network protocols IPV4, ARP, TCP, UDP, ICMP HTTP server
DHCP client PPPoE
DNS client RTP
SMTP client (SSMTP support) RTSP
Table 5.6 DNR-2060-08P Just Connect Digital Video Recorder Specification

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Uninterruptable Power Supply

Figure 5.19: APC Uninterruptable Power Supply

EN 62040-1:2008
Standard Uninterruptible power systems (UPS) General
and safety requirements for UPS

Output Power Capacity 415 watts / 800 VA

Table 5.7 Uninterruptable Power Supply Specification

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CONCLUSION

To design a CCTV System that is suitable and practical to be applied on the subject
Apartment.

To design a CCTV System in reference with the constraints and trade-offs.

RECOMMENDATION

More references and design standards

Use CCTV with Infrared and sensors

Wireless CCTV

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