CEH 433

Water Resources Engineering

8 Sewerage
Systems
Prof. Melvin Blanco Solomon
Associate, Civil Engineering Department
FEU Institute of Technology
Sewerage System
Sewerage System
Combined Systems:
Combined Sewerage and Stormwater
Wastewater Flow
The value of the wastewater flow used for sewer design
is the daily peak flow. This can be estimated as follows:

q Pf R f PopWC
q = daily peak flow

Pf = peak factor
= daily peak flow divided by average daily flow
Rf = return factor
= wastewater flow divided by water consumption

Pop = population served by length of sewer considered

w = average water consumption
Discharge and Velocity

Velocity

v = velocity of flow, m/s

n = roughness coefficient, (dimensionless)
r = hydraulic radius, m
i = sewer gradient, m/m (dimensionless)

Discharge
Sewerage Layout
Sewerage Planning
1. Collect existing information, focusing particularly on maps and plans of the
area to be sewered and adjacent areas.

2. Determine the area to be included in the sewerage plan, based on

topography, the location of existing sewers and the limits of existing and
future development.

3. Develop a draft sewerage plan, showing the routes of the main collector
sewers and the approximate areas of the various systems.

4. Undertake additional surveys as required to allow sewer routes and the

areas of systems to be confirmed, so that design can be carried out.

5. Finalize the overall sewerage plan and plot the sewer routes at an
appropriate scale or scales.
Sewerage Plan and Route

Topography-based
Sewer Route
Design Input Variables

Average household size

this is multiplied by the number of houses in an area

Average per capita water consumption

this is multiplied by the design population

Return factor
fraction of water supply that becomes wastewater

Peak wastewater flow factor

corresponds to daily or hourly peak flow
Sewer Layout - Typical

represent the
system as a
series of sewer
legs running
between
junctions or
nodes
Sewer Model
Sewer Model
Lift Station

http://www.orenco.com/systems/wastewater_collection.cfm
Sewer Model

In sewer design,
the needed basic
information are:

1. Population
2. Average
household size
3. Average water
consumption
4. Peak factor
5. Return factor
 Example Try Pipe B and C

Pipe C
Each block has a
sewage inflow for 1000 Sewer gradient is 0.005 and
houses. The average concrete box depth is half of
household size is 5 width, d=w/2. (n=0.014)
person per house. The
average water
consumption is 500
L/day. The peak factor Pipe A
is 1.5 and return factor
is 80%. Pipe B
Design a box culvert open
channel for each specified
sewer leg (width)

Future development is not considered.