12VisualtestingLevels1,2and3

ThelettersEandPfollowedbyavalueindicatetheeducationaltrainingtimeandpracticaltrainingtime respectively,inhours.

NOTEAsspecifiedinEN473,directaccesstothelevel3examinationrequiresthetotalhoursshownforlevel 1andlevel2.

Level2
ContentLevel1Duration h
Level3Durationh Durationh
History E0,2512.1 History E0,5Sameaslevel2 E0,5

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Introductionto, Historyofvisualtesting(VT) Useofvisualtestingasa
Historyofvisualtesting(VT) terminology,purpose PurposeofNDT complementtootherNDTmethods
andhistoryof,NDT
PurposeofNDT DefinitionofVT
DefinitionofVT

Terminology
Terminology

TerminologyapplicabletoVT
Terminologyapplic abletoVT

EN1330-2andEN1330-10
EN1330-2andEN1330-10

ExtendedoverviewofVT
OverviewofVTapplications
applications
Relevantstandards: E2,2512.2 Relevantstandards: Same aslevel2plus E3,0 E3,0
P0,5 P0,5

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EN13018:VTGeneralprinciples Physicalprinciplesofthemethodand
EN13018:VTGeneralprinciples GoalsandprinciplesofVT
associatedknowledge

EN13927:VTequipment EN13927:VTequipment Comprehensiveknowledgeand

Fundamentals
understandingofthephysicalprinciplesandphysicsoflight

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Visio: including.

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Fundamentals Theeye,includingoperationand Opticalperformance:
construction polarizationoflight;
Visionlimitations stroboscopicprinciples;
Adaptationandaccommodation dispersion;
Disorders refractionandrefractiveindex;

reflection;
fluorescence;
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 Content Level1 Duration Level2 Duration Level3 Duration

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h h h
Vision

advantagesanddisadvantagesofdifferentwavelengthsofopticalradiation(UV,IR),includingcolourtemperature.

Lighting: Lighting:physicsoflight
Typesoflightsources,natural,artificialincludinglaser
ISO/TR 25107:2006(E)

transmission;
reflection; Electromagneticradiation Detailsoftheeyeincluding:
absorption. Visiblewavelengths visionranges;
Photometry Fundamentalsoflight: effectsofdisorders.
Lightlevels
transmission;reflection; Cameraandphotosensoroperationandprinciples:
Lightmeasurement absorption. opticalfilters;

constructionofdigitalimagesandproblems;

Lightingmeasurements imageprocessing;
imageanalysis;
Luminance: imagecompressionand

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lightinglevels; transmission;
lightingtechniques; imagestorage;
contrast. resolution;

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videomonitors;

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Opticalprinciples Opticalprinciples: othermonitors;
operationoflenses; lightmetersandphotometers.
operationofmagnifiers;
imageconstruction;
virtualimages;
chromaticaberration;

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 Content Level1 Duration Level2 Duration Level3 Duration
h h h
geometricdistortion;
magnificationprinciples;
Visualperception Visualperception: Principlesofoperationoffibre
bundlesandlenses:
whattheeyessee;
coherent;
whatthemindsees;
incoherent.

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whatothersperceive;
whatthedesigner,engineeretc.
Photogrammetry
Materialattributes Materialattributesaffectingthetest:
Colour cleanliness;
Surfacecondition colour;
Surfacepreparation condition;
shape;
size;
temperature;

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texture;
type;
surfacefinish;

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surfacepreparation;
Environmentalfactors
Environmentalandphysiologicalfactors:

atmosphere;
comfort;
perspective.
distance;
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 Content Level1 Duration Level2 Duration Level3 Duration

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h h h
accessing;
fatigue;
health;
humidity;
mentalattitude;
ISO/TR 25107:2006(E)

position;
safety;
temperature;
cleanliness.
Directandremotemethods Directandremotemethods
Visionrequirements
Visionrequirements&theemployersresponsibility

References:
EN13018
EN13927
12.3 Thedepthofknowledgerequiredfor E2,5 Thedepthofknowledgerequiredfor E3,5 Level2plus E3,5
Productknowledge P0,5 thissectionisasfollows: P1,0

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thissectionisasfollows:
Evaluationofsurfaces
Outlineofbasicflawsdetectableby testobjectsandflaws;
andcapabilitiesofthemethodanditsderivatetechnique
s VTasnecessarytoworkinaspecificsector
basicproductionanddegradationprocess;

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References: terms,originandnatureand Roughnessandwaviness
appearanceofflaws;
EN970
producttechnologysectors;
EN12454
EN1370 basicmetallurgyoftheprocess/component;
EN5817 welding/joiningmethods.
Awarenessofcapabilityand Includingcladdingandbuttering: Definitionofshape&geometryof
limitations flaws

ISO 2006 All rights reserved

 Content Level1 Duration Level2 Duration
h h
wroughtproductproduction
methods;
coldworkingprocesses;
heattreatmentprocesses.
Materialcomposition:
surfacefinishingmethods;
Level3 Duration
h
Acomprehensiveunderstandingand
knowledgeofthemanufacturing
processesandassociatedmetallurgyandflawtypes,etc.
Acomprehensiveunderstandingand
knowledgeofthecauseandformationofin-servicedefects

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basicfoundrytechnology; includingassociatedmetallurgyand
flawtypes,etc.
machiningandmaterialremovalprocesses;

polymers/composites.
In-serviceaspects:
serviceinducedflaws;
mechanically;
thermally;

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tribology;
wear;
chemical;
electrochemical.

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References: References:
EN970 EN970
EM12454 EN12454
EN1370 EN1370
ENISO5817,etc. EN10163-1
ISO3057 EN10163-2
EN10163-3
ENISO5817,etc.
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 Content Level1 Duration Level2 Duration Level3 Duration

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h h h
CapabilityandlimitationsofVT
Detectability:
flawsize;
shape;
orientation/position;
ISO/TR 25107:2006(E)

flawtypes;
surfaceconditioneffects;
equipmentlimitations;
lightingeffects.
Associatedtechniques:
gauging;
comparators;
measurement;
thermographicimaging;
replication.
References:

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ISO3057
12.4 Introductiontoequipment E1,5 Introductionto,andapplications E3,0 Sameaslevel2,plusinclusionof E4,0
Equipment P1,5 of,equipment P1,5 equipmentforassessmentofsurfaceconditions P1,5

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Mirrors Mirrors Agoodunderstandingofequipment
Magnifiers(ISO3058) Magnifiers(ISO3058) performancelimitationsandtheselectionofnewequipmentforits

Borescopes Borescopes suitability.

Fibrescopes Fibrescopes

reserved
ISO 2006 All rights
 Content Level1 Duration Level2 Duration Level3 Duration
h h h
Photographicandvideo: Photographicandvideo: Additionally,theeffectthiswillhave
onthetestarrangement
imagingcameras; imagingcameras;

videomonitors Theevaluationofequipmenttofulfilaparticulartask
lightsourcesandspeciallighting;
lightsourcesandspecial
lighting; Developmentofverificationforequipmentperformance,including
gauges,templates,scales,specialtools,etc.;
gauges,templates,scales, thechoice/designandapplicationof

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automatedsystems; specialtools,etc.; demonstrationtestpieces.

computer-enhancedsystems; automatedsystems;
demonstrationtestpiece; computer-enhancedsystems;
resolutiontargets. demonstrationtestpiece;
resolutiontargets;
graticules.

Orotherspecialequipmentasnecessaryforthetest

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Imagerecording,transferandstorageequipment:

Whyequipmentmustbeverified equipmentselection&limitations
verificationofequipment
References: Sizingofindications: Understandingoftheprocedurefor

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EN13927 imagingsystems; control,maintenanceandcalibrationofequipment.

ISO3058

specialopticalsystems.Orotherspecialequipmentasnecessaryforthetest(underwater,radiationresistant,etc.)
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74
Content Level1 Duration
12.5 Pre-testdocumentation
(EN13018)
Informationpriorto
testing Testinstructions
Writtenprocedure(whenrequired)
Objecttobetested
Extentoftestcoverage
Techniqueandsequenceof
performingtest
Surfacecondition
Surfacepreparation
Thestageofmanufactureorservice
lifewhentestingistobecarriedout
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Therequirementsoftestpersonnel
Theacceptancecriteria
Theillumination(type,leveland
direction)
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Thevisualtestingequipmenttobe
used
Theposttestdocumentation
Ademonstrationtestpiece&
inspectioncheckpoints
Requirementforrecordedimages
ISO 2006 All rights reserved
Level2 Duration Level3
h h Durationh
E1,00 Pre-testdocumentation E2,50 Sameaslevel2pluswritingof E3,0
(EN13018)
P0,50 P1,00 proceduresandthedesignofthetestarrangement
Testinstructions
Writtenprocedureorstandard(when Thedevelopmentandapplicationof
required)
verificationtechniquesincludingthedemonstrationofproceduresandinstructionsforeffectiveness.
ISO/TR 25107:2006(E)
AthoroughknowledgeofcomplementaryNDTmethodsthatmaybereferencedinwrittenprocedures.
Objecttobetested
Extentoftestcoverage
Techniqueandsequenceof
performingtest
Surfacecondition
Surfacepreparation
Thestageofmanufactureorservice
lifewhentestingistobecarriedout
Therequirementsoftestpersonnel
Theacceptancecriteria
Theillumination(type,leveland
direction)
Thevisualtestingequipmenttobe
used
Theposttestdocumentation
Ademonstrationtestpieceand
inspectioncheckpoints
Requirementforrecordedimages
 Content Level1 Level2 Level3
Durationh Durationh Durationh

References:
EN13018

DevelopmentandwritingofNDTinstructionsforlevelIforagiventestspecimen,fromstandardsorcodes.

12.6 Howtosetupatest E2,0 Howtosetupandcalibrateatest E2,0 Sameaslevel2plusthecontrol E2,0

ISO 2006 All rights reserved

Testing P2,0 P2,0 ofproceduresandinstructionsfortheireffectivenes
P1,5
s
Workingwithdemonstrationtest Specifyingandworkingwith
piecesandresolutiontargets
demonstrationtestpiecesandresolutiontargets

Practicaltrainingontestequipment Preparewrittentestinstructionsfrom
andperformingtestsontrainingtest standardsorcodesforgiventest
pieceswithknownflawstoprovided pieces

instructions/proceduresincludingequipmentandtestparameters

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Practicaltrainingontestequipmentandperformingtestsontrainingtestpieceswithknownflawstoinstructionsasaboveincludingequipmentandtestparameters

12.7 Reportingtheresultsoftests E0,5 Level1detailplushowtocontrol E1,0 Sameaslevel2plushowto E1,0

P0,5 andmonitoraLevel1testdonewithyourguidance P0,5 developreportformatsforeaseofuseandclarity
EvaluationandReporting

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Referencetoteststandards Interpretation,evaluationand Organizationandstorage/
distributionoffinalreports
Calibrationstatus reportingofresultstospecificationsandstandards

Referencepointsforlocationofindications

Classificationofindicationsper: Objective/Subjectiveevaluation Investigationofsuitablecodes&

instructedacceptancecriteria; productstandardsforeachapplication

reportsanddocumentation;
reportingverificationresults.
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h h h
Completionofcalibrationforms

Actingasareferencepointforlevel2adviceforinterpretationandevaluation

References:
EN13445-5
ISO/TR 25107:2006(E)

EN12732
EN12952,etc.
12.8 (Not applicable) Classificationandassessmentof E0,50 Detailedknowledgeofhowto E1,0
observationsperacceptancecriteria P0,25 classifyandassessobservations,
Assessment
fromthecodes,standardsorwritten analysetheresultsandcompare
instructions,etc.orbyspecific themtocodes,standardsand
designspecifications,etc.
referencetoalevel3wherenocodesorstandardsexist

Bycomparison

Howtodevelopcodes,standardsanddesignspecificationsetc.intoclearacceptancecriteriatobewrittenintoproceduresandinstructions

Bymeasurement

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Automatedevaluation,e.g.pattern Also,howtofindinformationor
recognition assistancetoinvestigate

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observationsnotcoveredbycodesandstandardsanddevelopacceptancecriteria

Recording Thetrainingoflevels1and2for
theseacceptancecriteria
Reporting

ISO 2006 All rights reserved

 Content Level1 Level2 Level3
Durationh Durationh Durationh
12.9 Personnelqualification E1,0 Personnelqualification E1,0 Personnelqualification E2,0
(accordingtoEN473andISO9712) (accordingtoEN473andISO9712) P1,0 (accordingtoEN473andISO9712) P1,0
Qualityaspects
Equipmentverification Equipmentverification Equipmentverification
Writteninstructions Formatofworkingprocedures
Traceabilityofdocuments Traceabilityofdocuments

ISO 2006 All rights reserved

OtherNDTqualificationandcertificationsystems

AreviewofapplicableNDT AreviewofapplicableNDT
applicationandproductstandards applicationandproductstandards
12.10 (Notapplicable) Generalinformation E0,5 Theimportanceofinvestigating E1,0
Developments currentanddevelopingtechnologyandmethodsofapplication.

Summaryoflatestdevelopments

E11 E17,5 E21

Totalduration P10 P7,75 P4

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