Norfolk Island

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from Encyclopedia of Bilingualism and Bilingual Education, Volume 1997

Colin Baker, Sylvia Prys Jones

Norfolk Island is an overseas territory of Australia, located to the north of New

Zealand The population of 2756 (1995 estimate) consists of descendants from Bounty
mutineers relocated in 1856 from Pitcairn Island, and also in-migrants from Australia and
New Zealand. English is the official language, and the native language in three-quarters
of the population. About a quarter of the population speak the Norfolk dialect of Pitcairn-
Norfolk, a language which has evolved from a mixture of 18th century British English and
Tahitian. Some scholars consider Pitcairn-Norfolk to be a creole. [p. 451]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Island

Demographics

The population of Norfolk Island was estimated in July 2003 to be 1,853, with an annual
population growth rate of -0.01%. In July 2003, 20.2% of the population were 14 years
and under, 63.9% were 15 to 64 years and 15.9% were 65 years and over.

Most Islanders are of either European-only (mostly British) or combined European-

Tahitian ancestry, being descendants of the Bounty mutineers as well as more recent
arrivals from Australia and New Zealand. About half of the islanders can trace their roots
back to Pitcairn Island[33].

This common heritage has led to a limited number of surnames amongst the Islanders
a limit constraining enough that the island's telephone directory lists people by nickname
(such as Cane Toad, Dar Bizziebee, Kik Kik, Lettuce Leaf, Mutty, Oot, Paw Paw, Snoop,
Tarzan, and Wiggy)[33].

The majority of Islanders are Protestant Christians. In 1996, 37.4% identified as

Anglican, 14.5% as Uniting Church, 11.5% as Roman Catholic and 3.1% as Seventh-day
Adventist.
Literacy is not recorded officially, but it can be assumed to be roughly at a par with
Australia's literacy rate, as Islanders attend a school which uses a New South Wales
curriculum, before traditionally moving to the mainland for further study.

Islanders speak both English and a creole language known as Norfuk, a blend of 1700s
English and Tahitian. The Norfuk language is decreasing in popularity as more tourists
travel to the island and more young people leave for work and study reasons; however,
there are efforts to keep it alive via dictionaries and the renaming of some tourist
attractions to their Norfuk equivalents. In April 2005, it was declared a co-official
language of the island.