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AbstractIn the last few years, smart parking has been focused
due to the development of indoor position technology. There
are several smart parking systems for garage. But there are
two major problems in these systems. The rst one is the
detection of parking space occupation, and the second one is
space navigation.To solve these two problems, we propose a smart
parking system combining WiFi and wireless sensor network. In
this system, geomagnetic sensors are used to detect the occupation
of parking spaces, and WiFi is used for navigation. A prototype
system has been developed.
I. I NTRODUCTION
In recent years, the demand of accurate positioning and
navigation is increasing, especially in a complex indoor en-
vironment, such as underground mines, shopping malls, etc.
We often need to obtain the location of terminal device and Fig. 1. Layout of Magnetic Sensors
its holder[1]. Due to the limitation of GPS(Global Position
System), some technologies like WiFi, Zigbee and RFID are
processed in the server and provided to the user with a smart
applied in indoor positioning. Recently, indoor positioning
mobile terminal.
with fusion technology is a hot research topic.
Two main problems exist in underground parking garage: B. Parking space detection algorithm
detecting the occupation of parking space and positioning the In parking space detection module, a sensor node with
moving vehicles[2]. Vamsee k. Boda and his team have pro- magnetometer is placed on the middle between two adjacent
posed a scheme to detect the area of vehicles using magnetic parking spaces on the ground as in Fig.1. The detection
sensors. Based on this theory, to obtain the exact location algorithm in the sensor node estimates which side the car is
of every car, and to decrease the cost, we use magnetometer parking in or out. The estimation result will be sent to the
for two adjacent parking spaces. In addition, the WiFi indoor sink node and then to the server. Fig.2 depicts the variations
positioning technology is used to locate the moving vehicles. of magnetic eld when a car is parking in and out. In this
The remainder of this paper is organized as follows: Section system, Y-axis of magnetometer is parallel to the long side of
II describes the overall system architecture, including the parking space, and the Z-axis is perpendicular to the ground.
parking space detection module and the improved WiFi in-
door positioning. Section III introduces the prototype system.
Section IV makes a brief conclusion.
A. System Introduction
In the rst module, a sensor node with magnetometer
monitors the magnetic eld around the parking space and Fig. 2. Magnetic Data
judges the occupation state through a detection algorithm[3].
In the second module, the WiFi indoor positioning technology As shown in Fig.2, when a car is parking in or out of the
combined with the sensor network provides the location of parking space, three-axis data of magnetic sensor will change
moving vehicles to the server. All these information will be correspondingly. The data from Y and Z-axis is more regularly.