Mitosis & Meiosis Quiz Study Guide

PART 1:
Questions to think about for this quiz
1. What is a prokaryote and how does it reproduce?
Single cell that does not contain a nucleus; like bacteria.
Reproduces through a form of mitosis (asexual reproduction) called binary fission

2. What is a eukaryote and how does it reproduce?

Cell that contains a nucleus
Multi-cellular organisms (plant and animals) reproduce through meiosis by producing gametes
or sex cells
Multi-cellular organisms can also carry out mitosis in order to grow and repair old or
damaged cells

3. How do mitosis, meiosis 1, and meiosis 2 differ in number of cells produced?

Mitosis produces two identical cells
Meiosis I produces two cells with different genetic combinations
Meiosis II produces four cells with different genetic combinations (which is the final part
of meiosis)

4. Be able to generally describe what occurs during prophase, metaphase, anaphase &
telophase.
Prophase - nuclear membrane breaks down, chromosomes become visible, spindles form
Metaphase chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
Anaphase chromosomes are pulled to opposite ends of the cell
Telophase nuclear membrane reforms, cell pinches in half, cleavage furrow or cell plate
form
Cytokinesis cytoplasm divides and cell splits into two (part of telophase)

5. What happens to the chromosome number after mitosis and meiosis?

The chromosome number remains the same as the parent cell after mitosis
The chromosome number is half the amount as the parent cell after meiosis

6. Why do mitosis and meiosis take place?

Mitosis produces identical cells; is a form of reproduction in single celled organisms and
used for growth and repair in multi-cellular organisms

PART 2:
Other questions to further your course of study
Match each term with its description.

A. cytoplasm divided between the two daughter cells

B. final phase of mitosis; daughter nuclei reform

C. two sister chromatids are joined here

D. chromosomes condense and mitotic spindle begins to form

E. chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

F. sister chromatids separate, move away to opposite poles

G. half of a chromosome in prophase

H. another name for sex cell that is formed through meiosis

I. daughter cell produced with half the number of chromosomes as parent cell

J. daughter cell produced with the same number of chromosomes as parent cell

__C__ 1. centromere __D__ 6. prophase

__G__ 2. chromatid __I__ 7. haploid

__A__ 3. cytokinesis __B__ 6. telophase

__E__ 4. metaphase __F__ 7. anaphase

__H__ 5. gamete __J__ 8. diploid

PART 3:
Stages of Mitosis Plus Interphase
The stages of mitosis plus interphase are listed under a-e below. Answer the following
questions with reference to these phases.
A. Interphase B. Prophase
C. Metaphase D. Anaphase
E. Telophase

1. During this stage, homologous pairs of chromosomes are lined up in the middle of the cell.

C (metaphase)

2. Chromosomes replicate during this phase. A (Interphase)

3. Condensation and shortening of chromosomes occurs during this phase. B (prophase)

4. Spindle fibers first appear during this stage. B (prophase)

5. During this phase, the centromeres break apart as the separated sister chromatids begin

to move to opposite poles. D (anaphase)

6. Cytokinesis occurs as this phase of mitosis proceeds. E (telophase)

7. During this phase two identical diploid cells are produced. E (telophase)

8. This is the longest part of the cell cycle. A (interphase)

PART 4:
Stages of Meiosis
A. Prophase I B. Prophase II
The stages of meiosis are
C. Metaphase II D. Anaphase II
listed in the box. Answer the
E. Telophase II F. Anaphase I
following questions with
reference to these phases of
meiosis.

1. The centromere of each chromosome split, which allows for the sister chormatids to move

to opposite ends of the cell. D (Anaphase II)

2. Recombination via crossing over occurs during this stage. A (Prophase I)

3. By the end of this phase, the homologous chromosomes separate. F (Anaphase I)

4. Following this phase, each individual cell is haploid. E (Telophase II)

5. During this phase, the chromosomes line up in the center of the cell. C (Metaphase II )

6. New genetic combinations, upon which natural selection can act, are present after this

stage. A (prophase I)