BASIC MATHEMATICS DPP

DPP - 1
1. Represent following sets on number line
(a) A 1, 2,3 ,4 (b) A 3,10 (c) A 3,7 (d) A 3,9 (e) A 3 , 4,5,6
2. Find total number of elements in following sets
(a) A 1 , 2,4,6 (b) A 1, 6 (c) A 1, 6 (d) A 2, 6 for integers
(e) A 1,1,1,1, 2,2, 2, 2,2, 2
3. Let A 1 6 B 1 8 , C 2, 5 D 5, 7 then find the following and also represent the solution
on number line.
(a) A B (b) A B (c) B C D (d) A B D
(e) A B C D (f) A B (g) A B C for integral values
(h) A C B for integral values (i) A D C for integral values
(j) B C for integral values
4. Write the following statement in sets also count number of elements in that set.
(a) A set of natural number (positive integers) less than 10
(b) A set of whole numbers less than 10.
(c) A set of non-negative integers less than or equal to 5
(d) A set of negative integers up to 10
(e) A set of integers between 10 to 20
(f) A set of real numbers
(g) A set of positive real numbers
(h) A set of non-negative real numbers
5. True /False type (i.e. check whether the following statements are true or not)
(a) Statement : Between any two numbers on the number line there are infinite rational
numbers and infinite irrational numbers.
(b) Statement : Number just greater than a given number (say) does not exist
(c) Statement : In the continuous set [3, 8) least value is 3 and greatest value is 8
(d) Statement : In the continuous set (3, 8), least and greatest value doest not exist
(e) Statement : In the continuous set (3, 8), greatest integer will 7 and least integer will 4
(f) Statement : In the continuous set (3, 8), greatest & least rational number and irrational
number does not exist
(g) Statement : is a number
1
(h) Statement : undefined
0
(i) Statement : x 3 x 2 9
(j) Statement : x2 9 x 3

Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 1 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150

 Remember following basic notation which frequently used in general mathematics

(a) for all (b) there exists (c) Implies (d)

/ does not Implies
(e) Proportional (f) sigma / summation
(g) capital pi / product (h) equivalent
(i) e Eulers number approximate value = 2.718281828
(j) Anything defined non negative

93
For e.g. i.e. A 0 if defined
9 3
(k) Solve x2 16
x 16 wrong
x 2 16

x 16 correct

first put sign

(l ) Empty / nothing / no solution

Answer Key (DPP 1)

1. (a) 1 2 3 4

(b)

3 10
(c)
3 7
(d)
3 9
(e) 3 4 5 6

2. (a) 4 (b) infinite (c) infinite (d) 5 (e) 2

3. (a) [1, 8) (b) (1, 6) (c) [5, 8) (d) [5, 7]
(e) [2, 5] (f) { 1 } (g) {2, 3, 4, 5} (h) {2, 3, 4, 5}
(i) { 1 } (j) {2,3,4,5,6,7}
4. (a) A {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,}, total number of elements = 9
(b) A {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,}, total number of elements = 10
(c) A {0,1,2,3,4,5} total number of elements = 6
(d) A {10, 9, 8, 3,2,1} total number of elements = 10
(e) A {11, 12, 13,..18, 19} total number of elements = 9

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 (f) A (, ) total number of elements = uncountable
(g) A (0, ) total number of elements = uncountable
(h) A [0, ] total number of elements = uncountable
5. (a) True (b) True (c) False (d) True
(e) True (f) True (g) False (h) True
(i) True (j) False

DPP - 2
[Problems based on linear inequation]
(1) Which of the following are correct ?
(a) x 4 x 3 1 (b) 4 x 8 x 2 (c) x y 3x 3 y (d) 2 x 6 y 0 x 3 y
(2) Solve the inequation 3 x 5 x 7 when
(a) x is a natural number (b) x is an integer
(c) x is a real number
a c
(3) If , then show that
b d
(a) ad bc , if b and d are of same sign
(b) ad bc , if b and d are of opposite sign
(4) Solve the following linear inequations
(a) x 2 0, x N (b) 2 x 4 0, x N (c) 5 x 8 3x, x Z (d) 7 x 11,x Z
x 1 2 x 5x 7 8 x
(e) 6 x 7 8 (f) 3 x 4 7 2 x (g) (h)
2 3 11 5
2x 1
(i) 2 x 10 0 (j) 4 x 3x 12 (k) 3 (l ) 2 x 7 13 x
5
(5) Solve the following inequations
5 1 x 1
(a) 0 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) x2 4 x 2 0
x2 x2 x2
(e) x16 4 x 4 0 (f) 2 x 3 x 4,x z (g) x 2 1 x 2 2 x 2 3 0
100 100
(h) x 2 1 x4 4 x6 6 0 (i) x x 2 x 3 x 4
x x 2 x 3 x 4 x5 0

(6) A company manufactures cassettes and its cost equation for a week is C = 300 + 1.5x and
its revenue equation is R = 2x, where x is the number of cassettes sold in a week. How
many cassettes must be sold for the company to realize a profit ?
(7) To receive grade A in a course, one must obtain an average of 90 marks or more in five
examinations (each of 100 marks). If Sunitas marks in first minimum marks that Sunita
must obtain in fifth examination to get grade A in the course.

Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 3 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150

(8) Solve the following system of linear inequations
4 7x
(a) 2 x 6 0, 4 x 7 0 (b) 3 18 (c) 3 x 9 0,7 x 2 0,1 x 9
2
2x 3 x4
(d) 3, 2 (e) 2 x 9 5 3x,5 x 7 3 x 11 (f) 2 x 1 x 1, 4 x 3 x 6
4 3
x 1 x 3 x4
(g) 4 x 7 2 x 3 and (h) 2 x 7 0, 1
3 5 x4
(i) 3 x 6 0,5 2 x 0 (j) 4 x 9 0, 3x 19 0 (k) x 3 0 ,2 x 9 5,3 x 4 5
x4 2x 5 1 7x 3x 8
(l) 3, 4 (m) 3, 11 (n) x 5 2 x 7 ,4 x 9 x 11
7 3 2 5
5x 1 x 1 2x 4
(o) 3 x 9 x 19 , 2 x 5 1 x (p) ,1 x 5 (q) x 5 0, 2
2 3 x2
(9) Find all pairs of consecutive even position integers, both of which are larger then 5, such
that their sum is less than 23

(10) The water acidity in a pool is consider normal when the average pH reading of there daily
measurement is between 7.2 and 7.8. If the first two pH readings are 7.48 and 7.85 , find
the range of pH value for the third reading that will result in the acidity lever being
normal.
(11) Find all pairs of consecutive
(a) add natural number, both of which hare large than 10, such that their sum is less
than 40.
(b) even natural numbers, both of which are smaller than 15, such that their sum is not
less than 22
(c) odd positive integers, both of which are smaller than 10, such that their sum is more
than 11
(12) Which of the following points lies in the graph of the inequation
(a) (4, 3) (b) (1, 3) (c) (2, 4) (d) (0, 7)
(13) Draw the graphs/region by the following inequtions
(a) x 2 y 10 (b) 2 x y 5 (c) x y 0 (d) x 4 y 0
(14) Find the region bounded by following system of linear inequations
(a) x 5, y 2 (b) 3 x 7 y 21 0, x 0, y 0
(c) x 2 y 0, 2 x y 2, x 0 , y 0 (d) x y 2, x y 4, x 0, y 0
(15) [Revise the following information]
(i) Prime number : A natural number (except unity) is said to be a prime number if it is
exactly divisible by unity and itself only.
For e.g. 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17,19, 13, 29, 31,..
(ii) Natural numbers which are not prime (except unity) are called composite numbers
(iii) 1 is neither Prime nor composite
(iv) 2 is the only even Prime number
(v) 4 is the smallest composite number

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 (vi) Co-prime number : Two natural numbers (not necessarily prime) are said to be co-
prime, if their H.C.F. (Highest common factor) is one.
e.g. (1,2), (1,3), (3,4), (3,10), (3, 8), (4,9), (5,6), (7,8), etc.
These numbers are also called as relatively Prime numbers.
(vii) Two distinct prime numbers are always co-prime but converse need not be true.
(viii) Consecutive natural numbers are always co-prime numbers.
(ix) Twin Prime numbers : If the difference between two prime numbers is two, then he
number are called as twin prime number.
e.g. {3,5} {5,7} {11,13} {17,19} {29, 31}

Answer Key & Solution (DPP 2)

(1) a, b, & d are correct
(2) (a) x (b) x = ..-9, -8, -7 (c) x (, 6)

(4) (a) x 1, 2, 3, ........ (b) x 1, 2 (c) x ................. 1, 0,1,2,3, 4

1 11
(d) x 19,20, 21,............... (e) x , (f) x , (g) x 7,
6 5
23
(h) x
, (i) x 5, (j) x 2, (k) x 2,
14
(5) (a) x 2, (b) x 2, (c) x 2, (d) x 2,
(e) x ,4 (f) x 1,0,1, 2,.......... (g) x R (h) x
(i) x
(6) x > 600 i.e. More than 600 cassettes should be sold to realize a profit.
(7) Minimum marks to be obtained is 82.
7 32 10
9
(8) (a) x 3, (b) x , (c) x , 8 (d) x ,
4 7 7 2
4
(e) x , 9 (f) x , 3 (g) x (h) x
5
(i) x 2.5, (j) x (k) x
(l) x , 8.5 (m) x ,22 (n) x ,12 (o) x ,2
(p) x (q) x 5,
(9) (6, 8), (8, 10), (10, 12)
(10) Range of third reading is between 6.27 and 8.07
(11) (a) (11, 13), (13, 15), (15, 17), (17, 19) (b) (10, 12), (12, 14) (c) (5, 7), (7, 9)
(12) (b) & (d)

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(13) (a) (d)

0,5 0,5

10 ,0 2 2.5,0
o o
3

0,5

(c) (d)

0,5 4.1
x y 0

o o

2,2
x 4y 0

(14) (a) y

x 5

y2

o x

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 (b) y (c) empty region

0,3

7,0
o x

(d)

********************

Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 7 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150

 DPP - 3
[ Problems based on method of interval / wavy curve method ]
(1) Solve for x,
(i) x 2 x 3 0 (ii) 2 x 1 x 3 x 7 0
(iii) x 12 x 4 0 (iv) x 1 x 2 1000 x 3445 x 4 0
(v) 2 x 3 x 3990 x 4 220 x 6 0 (vi) 2 x 3 x 3990 x 4 220 x 6 0
100
(vii) x 2

2 x 3 4 x 5 x 0 (viii) x 6 x 7 100 x 8200 x 9 301 0
(ix) x 11 x 12 13 x 21 14 x 27 0 (x) x 2

5x 6 x 2 3x 2 0

(2) Solve for x ,

2 2x 3
(i) 3 (ii) 3
x 3x 5
(iii) 4x 7 3 x (iv) 2 x 6 5 x 4
2 x 1 3x 2 5x 2 7 x 3 x
(v) (vi)
3 5 3 5 4
2x 4 x x 2 x 3
(vii) 3 (viii) 0
3 2 x 4 x 5
x x 1 2 x
(ix) 0 (x) 0
2 x 3
x 1 x x 3

2 x 1 x 12 x 2 3 x 2 2 1 x x 33 x 4 2
(xi) 0 (xii) 0
x 4 4 x 1
(3) [Understand and remember the following basic important concept]

Graph of quadratic expression

y = f(x) = ax2 + bx + c, a 0
2
D b
or y a x
4a 2a

y = ax2+bx + c
(0,c) (a > 0)

b D
, vertex
2a 4a

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 Properties of graph of quadratic expression
P:I the graph between x, y is always a parabola
b D
P : II the co-ordinates of vertex are ,
2a 4 a
P : III If a > 0, then the shape of the parabola is concave upwards & if a < 0 then
the shape of the parabola is concave downwards.
P : IV the parabola intersect the y-axis at point (0, c)
P : V the x- coordinate of point of intersection of parabola with x-axis are the real
roots of the quadratic equation f(x) = 0. Hence the parabola may or not
intersect the x-axis.

Sign of quadratic expression :

The value of expression f(x) = ax2 + bx + c at x = x0 is equal to y co-ordinate of the point on
parabola y = ax2 + bx + c whose x co-ordinate is x0. Hence if the point lies above the x-axis for
some x = x0, then f(x0) > 0 and viceversa we get six different positions of the graph with respect to
x-axis as shown.

Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3

a>0
+ D>0 + a>0
x a>0
D=0 D<0
+ +
x
+ x
Root are real & distinct Roots are equal Roots are imaginary
x
x

+ a<0 a<0

a<0 x D=0 D<0

D>0

Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6

Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 9 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150

Note :
(i) f(x) = ax2 + bx + c > 0 x R only if a > 0 & D b2 4 a c < 0
(ii) f(x) = ax2 + bx + c < 0 x R only if a < 0 & D b2 4 a c < 0
(iii) f(x) = ax2 + bx + c 0 x R only if a > 0 & D b2 4 a c 0
(iv) f(x) = ax2 + bx + c 0 x R only if a < 0 & D b2 4 a c 0
Range of quadratic expression f(x) = ax2 + bx + c
(i) Range :
D D
(i) If a > 0 f x , minimum value of f(x) is
4a 4a

D D
(ii) If a < 0 f x , Maximum value of f(x) is
4 a 4a

D
In each case respective minimum or maximum values of the expression f(x) is which
4a
b
occurs at x
2a

(ii) Range in restricted domain : Given x [x1, x2]

b
(i) If
x1 , x2 then, f x min f x1 , f x2 , max f x1 , f x2
2a
b D D
(ii) If x1 , x2 then, f x min f x1 , f x2 , , max f x1 , f x2 ,
2a 4a 4a

(4) Draw the graph of following quadratic expression

(i) y = x2 + 4x + 3 (ii) y = 9x2 + 6x +1
(iii) y = 2x2 + x 1 (iv) y = x2 5x + 6
(v) y = x2 + 4 (vi) y = x2 10
(vii) y = x2 + x +10 (viii) y = x2 10
(ix) y = x2 + 6x + 10 (x) y = x2 +2x +1

(5) Find the range of the following quadratic expressions.

(i) f x x 2 2 x 3 x R (ii) f x x 2 2 x 3 x 0,R

(iii) f x x 2 4 x 6 x 0,1 (iv) f x x 2 5x 6 x 2,5

(v) f x x 2 14 x x R (vi) f x x 2 25 x 100 x 0,10

(vii) f x x 2 2 x 1 x R (viii) f x x 2 4 x 6 x 5 , 0

(ix) f x 2 x 2 3 x 7 x R (x) f x 5 x 2 9 x 3 x 0 , 4

Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 10 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150

(6) Solve the following inequations
x2 1
(i) x 2

x 1 x 1 0 (ii)
x2
0

1 3
(iii) 2 (iv) 0
x x2
1 x 1
(v) 0 (vi) 1
x2 x3
x 1 5x 1
(vii) 2 (viii) 1
x 7 x2 3
x2 1 x 1
(ix) 2
(x) 1
x 1 2 x 12
x 2 7 x 12 x2 6x 7
(xi) 0 (xii) 2
2x 2 4 x 5 x2 1

x4 x 2 1 3x 2 1
(xiii) 2
0 (xiv) 2
0
x 4x 5 2x 21x 40
x2 1 x5
(xv) 2
0 (xvi) 0
x 5x 6 x2
x8 x4 8
(xvii) 1 (xvii) 0
x2 x10 2

(7) Solve the following inequations

x 1 1 3
(i) x (ii)
x 1 x2 x3

14 x 9 x 30 5x 2 2
(iii) 0 (iv) 1
x 1 x4 4x2 x 3

x 2 5 x 12 x 2 3 x 24
(v) 3 (vi) 4
x2 4 x 5 x 2 3x 3

2 x 4 1 2x 1
(vii) (viii)
x 1 x 7 x2 2
x 9 x2

1 1 1 7 9
(ix) (x) 1 0
x 2 x 1 x x 2 x 3 x3

20 10 x 2 x 4 x 7 1
(xi) 1 0 (xii)
x 3 x 4 x 4 x 2 x 4 x 7
x 1 x 2 x 3 1
(xiii)
x 1 x 2 x 3
(xiv) x 2

3x 1 x 2 3x 3 5

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 9 2x 2
(xv) x 2

x 1 x 2 x 7 5 (xvi) x 2

2 x 2 x 2
x 2 2x
0

16 2 x 3 100 200
(xvii) x 2

3 x 2x 3 2
x 3x
0 (xviii) x 2
3x 2x 3 0

(8) Find the least value of n such that (n 2)x2 +8x + (n + 4) > 0 for nN
(9) Find the range of following rational number
x2 x 1 x2
(i) y 2
if x is real (ii) y 2
if x is real
x x 1 2x 3x 6

x 2 34 x 71 x2 x 1
(iii) y if x is real (iv) y if x is real
x 2 2x 7 x2 1

x 2 2x 9 x2 x 1
(v) y if x is real (vi) y if x is real
x 2 2x 9 x2 x 2

(10) Solve for x ,

(i) 3x2 7x + 6 > 0 (ii) (x2 x 6)(x2 + 6x) 0
x 3
(iii) x2 5x + 6 0 (iv) 0
x2

(v) (x + 1)(x 3)(x 2)2 0 (vi) x(x + 6)(x + 2)2(x3) > 0

2x 1
(vii) (x 1)2 (x + 1)3 (x + 4) < 0 (viii) 2

x 9 x 2

(xi)
1

1

1
(x)
x 2
2x 7 6
x 2 x 1 x 2x 3
12 1 6
(xii) 1 (xiii) x
x2 x x5

(11) Statement I x2 +x 12 0, for all x [4, 3]

Statement - II If < and (x )(x ) 0, for all x [, ]
(a) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is the correct
explanation of Statement I
(b) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is not the
correct explanation of Statement I
(c) Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
(d) Statement II is correct but Statement I is incorrect

Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 12 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150

(12) Matching List Type

(13) Matching List Type

(14) If x is real and 4y2 + 4xy + x + 6 = 0, then the complete set of values of x for which
y is real, is ( , a] [b, ), then (a + b) is

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Answer Key & Solution (DPP 3)
1
(1) (i) x , 2 3, (ii) x ,7 ,3
2
(iii) x ,4 (iv) x ,1 3,4 2

3 3
(v) x , 6 , 3, 4 (vi) x 6 ,
2 2
(vii)
x , 2
2 ,3 5, (viii) x 6,9

Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 13 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150

 (ix) x ,11 12,13 14, (x) x ,1 3, 2

2 5 12
(2) (i) x ,0 , (ii) x ,
3 3 7
10
(iii) x ,2 (iv) x ,
7
(v) x 11 , (vi) x 4 ,
(vii) x 26, (viii) x 2,3 4,5
(ix) x 0 ,1 2 ,3 (x) x ,1 2 ,3

1
(xi) x , 2, 4 (xii) x 1,1 3,
2

(4)
(i) y (ii) (iii)
y y

(0, 3) (0, 1)
1 7
-2 4, 8

-1 x x x
-3 1
3 ,0

1 1
(2, 1)

(iv) y (v) y (vi)

y x 2 10
y
0,6
2 ,0 x

3, 0
0, 4 x
x
5 1 10 ,0 10 ,0
2 , 4
0,10

Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 14 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150

 (vii) y x 2 10 (viii) (ix) y
y y
3,19

0,10

x x
0,10
0,10
1 39
2 ,4

x

y
(x)
x

0,1

x
1,0

1
(5) (i) y , 4 (ii) y 2,3 (iii) y 6,11 (iv) y ,6
4
(v) y ,14 (vi) y 100 , 450 (vii) y 0, (viii) y 39,6

47
(ix) y , (x) y 3,113
8
1
(6) (i) x 1, (ii) x , 2 (iii) x ,0 ,
2

(iv) x , 2 (v) x , 2 (vi) x , 3

(vii) x 7,15 (viii) x ,1 4, (ix) x 3,1

(x) x ,0 3, (xi) x , 3 4, (xii) x R

5
(xiii) x 1, 5 (xiv) x , (xv) x 2,3
2
(xvi) x 2,5 (xvii) x 2, (xviii) x R
9
(7) (i) x 1, (ii) x , 2 3, (iii) x 1,1 4,6
2

Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 15 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150

 1 21 21 1 1
(iv) x , (v) x ,3 (vi) x , 1 4,
2 2 2

(vii) x 1, 2 7, (viii) x , 3 2, 3

(ix) x 2,0 1, 2 2, (x) x 5,1 2, 3 (xi) x , 2 1,3 4,

(xii) x , 7 4, 2 (xiii) x , 3 2, 1

(xiv) x , 4 2, 1 1, (xv) x 2, 1 2, 3

3
(xvi) x , 1 0, 1 2, 3 (xvii) x 4, 3 ,0 1,
2
(xviii) x
(8) 5

1 1 1
(9) (i) Range ,3 (ii) Range ,
3 13 3
1 3
(iii) Range ,5 9, (iv) Range ,
2 2
1
(v) Range ,2 (vi)
2
(10) (i) (ii)
(iii) (iv)
(v) (vi)
(vii) (viii)
(ix) (x)
(xi) (xii)
(11) a (12) a (13) b (14) 1

******************

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 DPP - 4
[ Problems based on logarithm, exponential ]
(1) [Understand & remember following basic concepts]
Definition of Indices : If a is any non zero real or imaginary number and m is the positive
integer, then am = aaaa (m times). Here a is called the BASE and m is the INDEX or
POWER or EXPONENT.
Law of Indices :
1
(i) a0 = 1, (a 0) (ii) a m , a 0
am
(iii) a m n a m a n where m and n are real numbers
am
(iv) amn , where m and n are real numbers, a 0
an
p q
(v) a m

n
a mn
(vi) a q
ap

Logarithmic function :
It is defined as f(x) = loga x, a > 0, a 1 , x > 0
Case -1 : When 0 < a < 1 Case -2 : When a > 1

If logax = N
This is relation between logarithm and exponential
x = aN

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 Properties of Logarithm

If m, n > 0, a > 0, & a 1

m
(I) (a) log a m n log a m log a n (b) log a log a m log a n
n

(c) log a m n n log a m (d) log a 1 0

log b m
(e) log a a 1 (f) log a m , also b > 0, b 1
log b a
1
(g) log a b (h) log a b logb c log a c
log b a
p
(i) aloga n n (j) log aq n p log a n
q

(k) alogc b blogc a , a, b, c 0 and c 1

N
f x a , if if a 1
& f x 0
(II) (a) log a f x N N
f x a , if if 0 a 1


f x g x , if if a 1
(b) log a f x log a g x & f x 0 and g x 0
f x g x , if if 0 a 1

Exponential Function

It is defined as f(x) = ax, a > 0, a 1

Graph :
Case I : 0 < a < 1 Case II : a > 1

y =ax y y a>1

(0, 1)

(0, 1)
x x

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 Properties :
f x loga b , if b 0 and a 1
f x
(i) a b No solution , if b 0
No solution , if a 1and b 1


b
f x f x loga b , if a 0, a 1 and b 0
(ii) a
f x loga b , if a 0,0 a 1 and b 0

f x g x , if a 1
(iii) a f x a g x
f x g x , if 0 a 1

(2) Evaluate: (a) log 9 81 (b) log10 0.0001 (c) log 2

4

(3) If log 10 x a , find the value of 10a1 in terms of x.

(4) If log 3 y x and log 2 z x , find the value of 72x in terms of y and z
(5) Find the value of x in each of the following
log144
(a) log 2 x 3 (b) log 81 x 3 2 (c) log10 x 3 (d) log x
log 12
log 125
(e) x (f) log x 4 log x 16 log x 64 12
log 25

(g) log(x+1) + log(x 1) = log 11 + 2 log 3

(h) log(x+3) + log (x 3) = log 27 (i) log x log (x 1) = log 3
16 25 81
(j) 7 log 5 log 3 log log x
15 24 80
(6) Evaluate each of the following
(a) log 5 + log 2 (b) log 500 log 5 (c) 4 log 5 + 2 log 4
1
(d) log 6 + 2log5 + log 4 log 3 log 2 (e) log 36 log 5 log 30
2
(f) log5 + 2 log 0.5 + 3 log 2 (g) log10 10 log10 100 log10 1000 log10 10000
(h) 32 log3 4

Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 19 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150

(7) Single correct answer type

Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 20 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150

Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 21 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150
Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 22 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150
Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 23 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150
 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Answer Key & Solution (DPP 4)
(2) (a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 4
x
(3)
10
(4) z3. y2
1 3
(5) (a) 8 (b) 729 (c) (d) 100 (e) (f) 2
1000 2
3
(g) 10 (h) 6 (i)
2
9
(6) (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 2 (e) 0 (f) 1 (g) 10 (h)
4

(7)

Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 24 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150

 DPP - 5
[ Problems based on logarithm and exponential equation ]
(1) Solve the following Equations
1
(a) log x1 3 2 (b) log 4 2log 3 1 log 2 1 3log 3 x
2

(c) log 3 1 log 3 2x 7 1

(d) log 3 3 x 8 2 x (e) log 5 x x 2 2 x 65 2

log x 5
(f) log 7 2 x 1 log 7 2 x 7 1 (g) x 3 105 log x

log x 7 log 2 x log x 2 2

log 5 x 1 log x
(h) x 5 (i) x 4 10 log x 1
(j) log x
2
(k) 2log 4 4 x 4 log 2 2 x (l) 3 2log x 1 3 2log 3 x 1
x2
(m) log x 9 x 2 .log 32 x 4 (n) log 2 1 4 x log 2 8
2 8
2 3
(o) log 0.5 x x 14 log16 x x 40 log 4 x x 0 (p) log 100 x log 2 10 x log 2 x 6
2

log 1 x 1
log 1 2 x 2 1
3
(q) 9 3
5 5
(r) log 3 x log 32 x 1
x

(s) 3 log x 2log x 1 2 (t) log x 125 x log 225 x 1

(2) [Understand & remember the following basic concepts]
x if b0
x log b if b 0 a 1
a
(a) If a x b a 0 then
x if a 1 b 1
x R if a 1 b 1

Since 1x 1 1 1,x R

(b) If a > 0 and a 1, then the equation a f x a g x is equivalent to the equation

f x g x
f x g x
(c) If we have an equation of the form a x a x called exponential power
equation, then we have to consider following cosec
(i) a x 0 and a x 1 , f x g x
or
(ii) a x 1
or
(iii) a x 1, 1 f x 1 g x ,
or
(iv) a x 0, f x 0,g x 0

Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 25 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150

 [Note that no value of x should leaded to 00 form]
(3) Solve the following equations

(i)
2 x1 4 x1
64 (ii)
0.2 x 0.5 0.04 x
8 x1 5 25
x 1 x 2 2 x 11 9
5 9 5
(iii) (iv) 9 3 x1 38 x2
3 25 3
3
2 1
log x 1
(v) 2 2 (vi) 4x 5 4x 4 0
64
25
(vii) 5 x 24 (viii) 4 x 10 2 x1 24
5x
x 2 5 x 2 5
(ix) x 2 x 3 x (x) 4 x 12 2 x1 8 0
x x x 2x x 2x
(xi) 64 9 84 12 27 16 0 (xii) 4 2 6 18 3
2x
1
(xiii) 7 x2 7 x 1 14 7 x1 2 7 x 48 (xiv) 32 x3 9 x 1 27 3 675
7
(xv) 52 x 7 x 52 x 35 7 x 35 0 (xvi) 5 x1 10 x 2 x 5x1
(xvii) 2 x1 5x 200 (xviii) 3 52 x1 2 5 x1 0.2
(xix) 32 x1 10 3x 3 0 (xx) 22 x1 33 2 x1 4 0
2 2 x 3 x2
(xxi) 2x 23 x 6 (xxii) 1884 x 54 2

(xxiii)
0.2 x 0.5 1
5
x 1
(xxiv) 62 x 4 33x 2 x8
5 25
(4) Solve the following Inequations
(a) log 1 5 x 1 0 (b) log5 3 x 1 1 (c) log0.5 1 2 x 1
3

(d) log 1 x 2 5x 6 1
(e) log8 x 2 4 x 3 1
(f) log x 2 5 x 7 0
2

2x 6 2x 8 2
(g) log 7 0 (h) log 3 0 (i) log 2 x
2x 1 2
x 2 log 2 x 1

2
(j) log3 3 4 x 2 (k) log 20.5 x log 0.5 x 2 0 (l) log 3
log 2x 1

log 2 x 3log x 3 2x 1
(m) 1 (n) log3 1
log x 1 x 1

(o) log0.2 x 2 x 2 log0.2 x 2 2 x 3 (p) log 1 x 2 3x 2 1 0
(q) log 1 log 4 x 2 5 0
6 3

x2 x 1

log 2 x 2 1
(r) log0.5 log6 0
x 4
(s)
2
1
(t) log 2 x x 2 5 x 6 1

Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 26 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150

 x 1

(u) log x x 3 x 2 2 x 3 (v) log 2 x 3 x2 1 (w) log x 6 log 2
2 x
0
3

(x) log x2 x 2 1 (y) 2

log 2 x x 2 8 x 15 1

(5) Solve the following Inequations

x2
2 x2 3 x 6 1
(a) 236 x 1 (b) 16 x 0.125 (c) 0.3 0.00243 (d) 3 x
3
6 5 x
2 2 5 x 25
(e) x1
3 9 (f) (g) 2 x 2 x 1 3 0 (h) 4 x 1 16 x 2log4 8
5 4

2 x 1 1 2 4 6 .......... 2 x 72 2
(i) x 1
2 (j) 0.3 0.3 , x N (k) xlog x 3log x 1
1000
2 1

(6) Solve the following Inequations

2 2 x2
(i) 0 14 x 0 1
2 x 3
(ii) 4 x 0.5 7 2 x 4 0
2 x 2
4x 2 8
2 x 1
(iii) x 2 5x 52 x 0 (iv) 3 52
2 x3 2 3 x
1 1
(v) 22 x1 21 20 (vi) 343 x 35 60
2 3
(vii) 2 x2 2 x1 2 x1 2 x2 9 (viii) 52 x1 5x 4
(ix) 2 x2 2 x3 2 x4 5x1 5 x2 (x) 25 x 5 x1 50
x2
1
log 2 x 2 1
1 2 x
(xi) 1 (xii) 9
2 3
1 x
log 1 3 5
1 3 2
(xiii) 21 x (xiv) 4 x 3 2 x1
3
1 2
x 2 x 3
1 2 x 1
(xv) (xvi) 0 2 x 2 5
3 27
2 x 1
3
1 1 x 1
(xvii)
5 5

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 27 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150

 Answer Key & Solution (DPP 5)
(1) (a) 3 1 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 2 (e) 5 (f) 3

1 1 3 3
(g) 103 ,10 5 (h) , 25 (i) 10, 4 (j) 103 ,10 (k) 4 (l) ,8
5 10 3
1 1 1
(m) , 3 (n) 27 , 2 (o) ,1, 4 (p) 103 ,10 (q) 0, 2 (r) ,1, 3
9 2 9

(s) 10,104 (t) 54 ,5

1
7 2
(3) (i) x (ii) x 1 (iii) x , 2 (iv) x (v) x 2 2 (vi) x 1
2 7
9
(vii) x 2 (viii) x 3 (ix) x 1,0,1 (x) x ,3 (xi) x 1,2 (xii) x 2
4
(xiii) x 0 (xiv) x 3 (xv) x 0 (xvi) x 2 (xvii) x 2 (xviii) x 0
22
(xix) x (xx) x 2,3 (xxi) x 2,3 (xxii) x (xxiii) x 3 (xxiv) x 2
7
1 2 1 1 1
(4) (a) x , (b) x , 2 (c) x ,
5 5 3 2 2
(d) x 1, 2 (e) x 1, 1 3, 5 (f) x 2, 3

1 1 1
(g) x , (h) x 4, 6 (i) x ,
2 3 2
3 1 1
(j) x , 3, (k) x , 4 (l) x 0, 2, 4
2 2 2

1 5
(m) x 0, 10 (n) x , 2 , (o) x 2,
2 2

(p) x , 1 4,
(q) x 3, 6 6, 3 (r) x 4, 3 8,

1

(s) x 2, 1 1, 2 (t) x 0, 1, 2 3, 6
2
(u) x 2,

3
(v) x , 1 1, 0 0,3 (w) x 6, 5 3, 2
2
(x) x 2, 1 1, 0 0,1 2,

(y) x 4 2, 5 3, 4 2 1, 2
1 3 1
(5) (a) x , (b) x , (c) x , 1,
2 4 2

2
(d) x 2, (e) x (f) x , 2 , (g) x 0, 1
5

(h) x , 0 log 4 3, (i) x R

(j) x 1, 2,3, 4,5, 6,7 (k)

x 103 ,
Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 28 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150
(6) (i) xR (ii) x 2 , (iii) x 5,5

log 3 2 log3 5
(iv) x 3, (v) x 2 , (vi) x ,1
2 3

(vii) x ,2 (viii) x 0 , (ix) x 0 ,

(x) x , log5 10 (xi)

x 2 , 1 1, 2
(xii) x 2 ,6 (xiii)
x log 23 , (xv) x ,1 0,2

5
(xvi) x ,2 (xvii) x 1, 4
3

DPP - 6
[ Problems based on modulus equation & inequation and irrational equation ]
(1) Understand & remember following basic concepts
Modulus functions :
x, x 0
It is defined as y f x x
x, x 0

y=-x y=x

o x

Properties of Modulus functions :

Property I
If K > 0 If K < 0
(a) |x|= k x = k |x|= k No solution
(b) |x| k k x k |x| k No solution
(c) |x| k x k or x k |x|> k xR

Property II
(a) x2 = |x|2
(b) For any real numbers x, we have x2 x

(c) For 0<a<b, a2 x2 b2 a |x| b x[b, a] [a, b]

(d) For 0<a<b, a2< x2 < b2 a < |x| < b x[b, a] [a, b]
(e) x x x
Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 29 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150
 Property III
If any a, b R, then
(a) |a| 0 (b) |a| a, |a| a (c) a b a b (d) a max a, a
a b a b ab ab
(e) a min a, a (f) max a, b (g) min a, b
2 2 2 2

a a
(h) ,b 0 (i) a b a b , iff ab 0 (j) a b a b (k) a b a b
b b

(l) a b a b iff ab 0 or a 0 or b 0
(m) a b a b iff ab 0 or a 0 or b 0 (n) a b a b iff ab 0

(2) Solve for x

(i) x 8 (ii) x 6 (iii) 3x 5 3

1 8
(iv) x (v) 3x 5 3 (vi) 2x 4 6
3 3

(vii) x 1 2 (viii) x 0 (ix) x 2 1 3

3 40
(x) x2 4 0 (xi) x 2 x 1 x 2 x100 x 0

1 x
(xii) x 5 0 (xiii) 4 3x 5 6 (xiv) 0
2 x

1 1 1
(xv) 1 x 1 3 (xvi) (xvii) 1
x 3 2 x 2

x2
(xviii) 0
x4

(3) Solve for x

(i) |x 1| + |x 2| + |x 3| 6 (ii) |x 1| + |7 x| + 2 |x 2| = 4
x3 x
(iii) x 2 4 x 3 2x 5 0 (iv) 1
x2
(v) x 1 2x 1 (vi) x 2 3 x 3 x 2 7 x 13

x x2
(vii) x (viii) |x2 3x 4| = 9 |x2 1|
x 1 x 1

(ix)
x 1
1 x
x 1 2 1 (x) 5x x2 6 x2 5x 6
3 2x 8 x 2 3 2x 8 x 2

x 1 x2 x 1
(xi) 2 2x 2x 1 1 (xii) 0
x 1

x 2 3x 1
(xiii) 3 (xiv) x2 x 5 0
x2 x 1
Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 30 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150
 x2 5x 4
(xv) x 2 7 x 12 x 4 (xvi) 1
x2 4
2x 1 3
(xvii) 2
(xviii) 1 2
x 9 x2 x
3x x3 x
(xix) 2
1 (xx) 1
x 4 x2
(4) Solve for x
5 5
(i) (x+ 1)2 + (x2 + 3x + 2)2 = 0 (ii) x 3 x 1 244

2
(iii) x 1 x 1 0 (iv) x 2 1 x 1 x 2 3 x 2 0

(5) (i) (ii)

(iii) Draw the graph of followings
(a) y = |x+2| (b) y = ||x 1|2|
(c) y = |x+2|+ |x 3| (d) |y| + x = 1
(iv) x 1 3 x 2 5 0
(v) If the number of solutions of x 1 x 2 x 3 ........ x 100 96 x k is infinite then find
the value of k.
(vi) Find the solution set of |2x3|+|x+5||x 8|.
(vii) Find the solution set of |2x+5| |x3| |x+8|.
x 1 x 2 x 12 x 2 e x 1
(viii) Solve the inequality 0
x 13 x 2 3
(6) Single choice questions
(i) The equation |x1|+|x+3|+|x 5| = k has only one solution if
(a) k > 8 (b) k = 8 (c) k < 8 (d) none of these
(ii) Solutions of |4x+3|+|3x 4| = 12 are
7 3 5 2 11 13 3 7
(a) x , (b) x , (c) x , (d) x ,
3 7 2 5 7 7 7 5

(iii) x 2 2 x 8 x 2 x 2 3 x 2 , then the set of all real values of x is

(a) 1, 4 2 (b) 1,4 (c) 2,1 4, (d) , 2 1, 4

2 10 x 3
(iv) Number of real solution(s) of the equation x 3 3x 1 is :

(a) exactly four (b) exactly three (c) exactly two (d) exactly one
(v) The number of real roots of the equation x 12 x 2 2 x 32 0 is

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3

Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 31 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150
 (vi) The minimum value of f x x 1 x 2 x 3 is equal to
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 0
(vii) The set of real value(s) of p for which the equation 2 x 3 2 x 3 px 6 has
more than two solutions is :
(a) 0, 4 (b) 4 ,4 (c) R 4 ,4,0 (d) {0}
(viii) Exhaustive set of values of x satisfying log x x2 x 1 0 is
(a) (1, 0) (b) , 1 1, (c) , 1,0 ,1 (d) , 1 1,0 1,
(7) Match the column.

(8) Comprehension type questions

Comprehension 1

Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 32 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150

 Comprehension 2

Comprehension 3

Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 33 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150

 Answer Key & Solution (DPP 6)
2 8 7
(2) (i) x , 8 8, (ii) x 6 , 6 (iii) x , (iv) x , 3 ,
3 3 3

2 8
(v) x , (vi) x , 1 5, (vii) x 1, 3
3 3

(viii) x R 0 (ix) x , 2 6, (x) x 2,2

1 1 11
(xi) x (xii) x R 5 (xiii) x , 3,
3 3 3

(xiv) x ,2 11
, 2 , (xv) x 2 , 0 2 , 4

(xvi) x 3,3 , 5 5, (xvii) x 2,1 1, 2

(xviii) x R 2 ,4

(3) (i) x ,0 4, (ii) x (iii)

x 4, 1 3
2
(iv) x 5, 2 1, (v) x { 0, } (vi) x ( , 4) (1, 2)
3

1 129 3 73
(vii) x (1, ) {0} (viii) x {2, 2} (ix) x 0, 2, ,
16 16

(x) x , 2 3, (xi) x 0, 2
(xii) x , 1 1, (xiii) x , 2 1,
1 21 21 1 8 5
(xiv) x

, (xv) x 2, 4 (xvi) x 0, ,
2 2 5 2
(xvii) x , 3 2, 3 (xviii) x 1,0 0,3
(xix) x , 4 1, 1 4, (xx) x 5, 2 1,
(4) (i) x=1 (ii) x , 2 0,

(iii) No solution (iv) x=1

(5) (i) x 3,3 (ii) x 1,

(iii) (a) (b)

Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 34 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150

 (c) (d)

(iv) x 7 , 2 3, 4 (v) k 4652

3
(vi) x 5 , (vii) x , 8 3,
2
(viii) x 1,0 1, 2 2,

(6) (i) b (ii) c (iii) a (iv) b

(v) a (vi) b (vii) d (viii) d
(ix)
(7)
(8) Comprehension 1
(1) b (2) a (3) a

Comprehension 2
(1) c (2) a (3) c

Comprehension 3
(1) b (2) d (3) c

*************************************

Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 35 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150

 DPP - 7

Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 36 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150

Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 37 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150
Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 38 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150
Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 39 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150
Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 40 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150
Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 41 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150
Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 42 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150
Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 43 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150
Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 44 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150
 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Answer Key & Solution (DPP 7)

Macro Vision Academy, Burhanpur 45 Mathematics (Basic Mathematics) 150