DESIGN OF REACTANGULAR GROUND WATER TANK

Name of work :- Water Tank 100000 Ltrs

1 Tank size L= 6.50 x B= 4.50 x H= 3.50 m
2 Tank capacity 102,375.00 ltr
3 Saturated soil unit wt 17.00 kN/m3 17000 N/m3
4 Conrete M 20 concrete unit wt. 25000 N/m3
scbc 7 N/mm2 m 13
5 Steel fy 415 Tensile stress 115 N/mm
6 Nominal Cover 35 mm Water unit wt 9.80 kN/m3
7 Thickness Walls 270 mm 0.27 m
Bottom slab 220 mm 22 cm 0.22 m
7 Reinforcement
Long wall
In side near corner Horizont 20 mm f bars 120 mm c/c 1.00 m height
above the base, near corners.
in side middle horizontal 20 mm f bars 120 mm c/c upto top
Out side middle horizontal 16 mm f bars 240 mm c/c upto top
Short wall
In side near corner Horizont 20 mm f bars 50 mm c/c upto top
Out side middle horizontal 20 mm f bars 100 mm c/c, upto top
Distribution 10 mm f bars 190 mm c/c vertical
9 Base 8 mm f bars 120 mm c/c in both direction

C
20 mm f 20 mm f
120 mm c/c 120 mm c/c

20 mm f 100 mm c/c
16 mm f 16
A 20 mm f 50 mm c/c 240 mmc/c 10 mm f 240
20 mm f 100 mm c/c 190 mmc/c
20 mm f 100 mm c/ (d)
10 mm f 190 mm c/c both side 10 mm f 16 mm f 10
20 mm f 50 mm c/ (d+e) 120 mmc/c 240 mmc/c 120
B
Bars(c) 20 mm f 120

Section plan at depth of H/4 or 1 mt. Section on CD

D

Bar(a) 16 mm f 240
20 mm f 200 mm c/c
10 mm f 190 mm c/c Bar(b) 16 mm f 240

10 mm f 190 mm c/c Bar(c) 16 mm f 240

20 mm f 100 mm c/c
8 mm f 120 mm c/c both way Bar(d) 20 mm f 100

Bar F Bar(e) 10 mm f 190

Section on AB
pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
 N/m3

N/mm2
kN/m3

m height
, near corners.

mm f
mmc/c

mm f
mmc/c

mmc/c

Section on CD

mm c/c

mm c/c

mm c/c

mm c/c

mm c/c
 DESIGN OF REACTANGULAR GROUND WATER TANK

Name of work :- pkn

1 Tank size L= 6.50 x B= 4.50 x H= 3.50 m
2 Tank capacity 102375 ltr
3 Saturated soil unit wt 15.00 kN/m3 15000 N/m3
4 Conrete M 25 unit weight 25000 N/m3
scbc 8.5 N/mm2 m 10.98
5 Steel fy 415 Tensile stress 230 N/mm2
6 Nominal Cover 35 mm Water unit wt 9.80 kN/m3
7 Thickness Walls 270 mm 0.27 m
Top roof 200 mm 20 cm 0.20 m
Bottom slab 200 mm 20 cm 0.20 m
7 Reinforcement
Long wall
In side near corner Horizontal 16 mm F 120 mm c/c 1.00 m height
above the base, near corners.
in side middle horizontal 16 mm F 120 mm c/c upto top
Out side middle horizontal 16 mm F 240 mm c/c upto top
Short wall
In side near corner Horizontal 16 mm F 50 mm c/c upto top
Out side middle horizontal 16 mm F 100 mm c/c, upto top
Distribution 10 mm F 190 mm c/c vertical
9 Base Main 8 mm F 120 mm c/c in both direction
 DESIGN OF REACTANGULAR GROUND WATER TANK
Name of work :- pkn
Tank size 6.50 x 4.50 x 3.50 m
Tank capacity 102375 ltr
Saturated soil unit wt 15.00 kN/m3 15000 N/m3
Conrete M 25 unit weight = ### N/m3
Steel fy 415 N/mm2 Tensile stess = 230 N/mm2
scbc 8.5 N/mm2 m = 10.98
Nominal cover 35 mm unit wt. of water = 9.8 N/mm3 9800

1 Design Constants:- For HYSD Bars Cocrete M = 25

sst = 230 N/mm2 wt. of concrete = 25000 N/mm2
scbc = 8.5 N/mm2 m = 10.98
m*c 10.98 x 8.5
k= = = 0.289
m*c+sst 10.98 x 8.5 + 230
j=1-k/3 = 1 - 0.289 / 3 = 0.904
R=1/2xc x j x k = 0.5 x 8.5 x 0.904 x 0.289 = 1.110

3 Determination of B.M. for horizontal bending :--

L/B = 6.50 / 4.50 = 1.44 < 2
Hence Both long and short walls will bend horizontally for upper portion, upto poin D, where horizontal water
pressure is p=w(H-h).
Here h = H/4 or 1 m which ever is greater \ h = 1.00 m
Thus top 2.50 m height of walls will be bend horizontally while the bottom 1.00 m will bend as
vertical cantilever . The bending moments for horizontal bending may be determined by moment
distribution by considering tank as continuos frame of unit height at level of D.
Water pressure p at point D is given by =p= w (H - h ) = 9800 ( 3.50 - 1.00 )= 24500 N-m
PL2 P x 6.50 2'=
The Fixed end moments for long wall = = 3.52 P N-m
12 12
PB2 P x 4.50 2'=
Fixed end moments for short wall = = 1.69 P N-m
12 12
Refer fig 1. Consider quarter frame FAE with joint A rigid. Taking clock wise moment as positive and anticlock
wise moment as negative, the fixed end moment M AF for long wall will be + 3.52 P while the fixed end
end moments MAF for short wall will be - 1.69 P Considreing Area A and moment of inertia l for
both the walls to be the same, the stiffness of walls will be inversely proportional to these length.
Thus we have following table.
Member Stiffness Relative stiffness Sum Distribution factor
1 1 2.167
AE x 6.50 = 2.167 = 0.4906
3 3 4.417
4.417
1 1 2.25
AF x 4.50 = 2.25 = 0.5094
2 2 4.417

The moment distribution is carried out in the following table.

Joint A
Member AE AF
Distribution facvtor 0.4905660377 0.509

Fixed end moments + 3.52 p - 1.69 p

Balancing moments - 0.667 p - 1 p

Final moments + 2.85 p - 2.69 p

 Hence moment at supports, Mf= 2.85 x 24500 = 69927 N-m/m
This support moment will cause tension at the water force.
p L2 ### x 6.50 2
B.M. at the center long span = - Mf "= 69927 = 59464 N-m/m
8 8
This bending moment cause tension at outer face.
p B2 ### x 4.50 2
B.M. at the center short span = - Mf "= 69927 = -7911 N-m/m
8 8
This will cause tension at the water face. \ Max. design B.M. = 59464 N-m/m

3 Design of section :- Considring bending effect alone,

59464 x 1000
Required depth = = 231 mm
1.110 x 1000
Provide total depth T= 231 + 35 = 270 mm so that available d = 235 mm

4 Determination pull :-
Direct tension on Long wall = PL = P x B/2 = 24500 x 4.50 / 2 = 55125 N
Direct tension on short wall = PL = P x B/2 = 24500 x 6.50 / 2 = 79625 N

5 Cantilever Moment :- Cantilever moment atb the base, per unit length .
h2 9800 x 4.50 x 1.00 2
= wH x = 7350 N-m
6 6
This will cause tension at water face.
6 Reinforcement at corners of long walls.:- The upper portion of long walls is subjected to both bending in
horizontal direction as well as pull. The reinforcement for both will be in horizontal direction. Hence
reinforcement has to be provided forr a net moment (MF - Px ), where Mf is the moment at ends (causing
tension on water face). Similarly vertical section of unit height ( 1 m) of long wall, at its end, at the level of
1.00 m above the base , where reinforcement is provided at the water face.
T 270
x= d- = 231 - = 96 mm
2 2
Mf - Pl x 69927 x 1000 ) - ### x 96
Ast for B.M. = = = 1323 mm2
sst.j.d 230 x 0.904 x 235
PL 55125
Ast for pull = = = 240 mm2
ss 230
Total Ast = 1323 + 240 = 1563 mm2 per meter height.
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 16 x 16
using ### mm bars A = = = 201 mm2
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 201 / 1563 = 129 say = 120 mm
Hence Provided 16 mm F bar, @ 120 mm c/c. The above reinforcement is to be provided at
inner face, near the corners, and at a height 1.00 m above the base. For other height the above spacing
may be varied, since bending moment will reduce.

7 Reinfocement at the middle of long wall. :-

Tension occurs at outer face. However, since distance of corner of steel from
water face will be less than 225 mm, permissible stress will be 115 N/mm2 only. Design constants
will be k = 0.448 j = 0.851 R = 1.62
Design B.M. = 59464 N-m per meter height. Also PL = 55125 N
M - Pl x 59464 x 1000 ) - ### x 96
Ast for B.M. = = = 2356 mm2
sst.j.d 115 x 0.851 x 235
PL 55125
Ast for pull = s = = 479 mm2
s 115
 Total Ast = 2356 + 479 = 2835 mm2 per meter height.
3.14xdia 2
3.14 x 16 x 16
using ### mm bars A = = = 201 mm2
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 201 / 2835 = 71 say = 70 mm
This is very near to the reinforcement provided at ends.Hence provided 16 mm f bars 120 mm
c/c. Bend half the bars provided at ends, outwards.at distance L/4 = 1.63 m form ends.
This reinforcement is to be provided at outer face. The additional 16 mm f bars provided @ 240 mm c/c.
are continued upto the end.

8 Reinforcement for shorts walls.:-

B.M. at ends=Mf = 69927 N-m Direct pull pu = 79625 N
M - PB x 69927 x 1000 ) - ### x 96
Ast for B.M. = = = 2709 mm2
sst.j.d 115 x 0.851 x 235
PL 79625
Ast for pull = = = 692 mm2
ss 115
Total Ast = 2709 + 692 = 3401 mm2 per meter height.
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 16 x 16
using ### mm bars A = = = 201 mm2
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 201 / 3401 = 59 say = 50 mm
Hence provide 16 mm f bars @ 50 mm c/c at inner face near the ends of short span.
The B.M. at the center of short walls cause tension at water face (unlikethat in the center of long walls where
tension is produced at outer face ).since this B.M. is small, only nominal reinforcement is required. Similarlly,
we have to provide nominal reinforcement at outer face,. Hence bend half bars outward at distance B/4= 1.13
m from each end, and continue remaning half tjrought. Thus at the center of span, the reinforcement on each
face will consist of 16 mm f bars @ 100 mm c/c.

9 Reinforcement for cantilever moment and distribution reinforcement.:-

max. cantilever moment= 7350 N-m
7350 x 1000
Ast = = 320 mm2
115 x 0.851 x 235
0.3
But minimum reinforcementin vertical direction = x( 270 x 1000 )= 810 mm2
100
Since half of this area of steel can reist cantilever momnt, we will provide = 405 mm2 steel area vertically
on the inner face and remaining area i.e.= 405 mm vertically at outer face to serve as distribution
2

reinforcment. \ Area of steel on each face = 405 mm2.

3.14xdia 2
3.14 x 10 x 10
using ### mm bars A = = = 78.5 mm2
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 78.5 / 405 = 194 say = 190 mm
Hence Provided 10 mm F bar, @ 190 mm c/c on out side face, at bottom of long wall

10 Design of base slab:-

Since tank rest on ground, provide a 200 mm thick base slab.
taking 1m length for calculation and 0.20 % of nominal reinforcement
0.20 x 1000 x 200
area of steel = = 400 mm2
100
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 8 x 8
using 8 mm bars A = = = 50.2 mm2
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 50.2 / 400 = 126 say = 120 mm
Hence Provided 8 mm F bar, @ 120 mm c/c in both direction , at top and bottom of base slab.

11. Detail of reinforcement :-

shown in drawing.
pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
 DESIGN OF REACTANGULAR GROUND WATER TANK

Name of work :- pkn

#REF! mm f @ #REF! mm c/c
#REF! mm f @ #REF! mm c/c

0.27
Roof
#REF! mm f @ #REF! mm c/c #REF! mm f @ 0
#REF! mm c/c

4.50 #REF! #REF! mm f @ #REF! 3.50

#REF! mm f @ #REF!

#REF! #REF! mm f @ #REF!

0.00 #REF! mm f @ #REF!

0.00
0.27

0.27 6.50 m 0.27

Reinforcement detail for short wall, Roof and bottom slab

#REF! mm f @ #REF! mm c/c

#REF! mm f @ #REF! mm
#REF!
3.50 #REF! mm f @ #REF! mm

#REF! mm f @ #REF! mm c/c

#REF! mm f @ #REF! mm c/c #REF!
#REF! mm f @ #REF! mm
Reinforcement detail for short wall pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
 VALUES OF DESIGN CONSTANTS
Grade of concrete M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40 Grade of concrete
Modular Ratio 18.67 13.33 10.98 9.33 8.11 7.18 tbd (N / mm2)
scbc N/mm2 5 7 8.5 10 11.5 13
m scbc 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33
kc 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
(a) sst =
jc 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867
140
N/mm2 Rc 0.867 1.214 1.474 1.734 1.994 2.254 Grade of
(Fe 250) Pc (%) concrete
0.714 1 1.214 1.429 1.643 1.857
kc 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329 M 15
(b) sst = jc 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 M 20
190 Rc 0.732 1.025 1.244 1.464 1.684 1.903 M 25
N/mm2
Pc (%) 0.433 0.606 0.736 0.866 0.997 1.127 M 30
kc 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289 M 35
(c ) sst =
jc 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904 M 40
230
N/mm2 Rc 0.653 0.914 1.11 1.306 1.502 1.698 M 45
(Fe 415) Pc (%) 0.314 0.44 0.534 0.628 0.722 0.816 M 50
kc 0.253 0.253 0.253 0.253 0.253 0.253
(d) sst =
jc 0.916 0.916 0.916 0.914 0.916 0.916
275
N/mm2 Rc 0.579 0.811 0.985 1.159 1.332 1.506
(Fe 500) Pc (%) 0.23 0.322 0.391 0.46 0.53 0.599

Permissible shear stress Table t v in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

100As Permissible shear stress in concrete tv N/mm2
bd M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40
Grade of
< 0.15 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.2 0.2 0.2
concrete
0.25 0.22 0.22 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23
0.50 0.29 0.30 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.32 M 10
0.75 0.34 0.35 0.36 0.37 0.37 0.38 M 15
1.00 0.37 0.39 0.40 0.41 0.42 0.42 M 20
1.25 0.40 0.42 0.44 0.45 0.45 0.46 M 25
1.50 0.42 0.45 0.46 0.48 0.49 0.49 M 30
1.75 0.44 0.47 0.49 0.50 0.52 0.52 M 35
2.00 0.44 0.49 0.51 0.53 0.54 0.55 M 40
2.25 0.44 0.51 0.53 0.55 0.56 0.57 M 45
2.50 0.44 0.51 0.55 0.57 0.58 0.60 M 50
2.75 0.44 0.51 0.56 0.58 0.60 0.62
3.00 and above 0.44 0.51 0.57 0.6 0.62 0.63

Maximum shear stress tc.max in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Permissi

Grade of concrete M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40 Grade of concrete
tc.max 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.5 sct.max

Shear stress tc Reiforcement %

100As 100As
M-20 M-20
bd bd Degree
0.15 0.18 0.18 0.15 1
0.16 0.18 0.19 0.18 1.5
0.17 0.18 0.2 0.21 2
0.18 0.19 0.21 0.24 2.5
0.19 0.19 0.22 0.27 3
0.2 0.19 0.23 0.3 3.5
0.21 0.2 0.24 0.32 4
0.22 0.2 0.25 0.35 4.5
0.23 0.2 0.26 0.38 5
0.24 0.21 0.27 0.41 5.5
0.25 0.21 0.28 0.44 6
0.26 0.21 0.29 0.47 6.5
0.27 0.22 0.30 0.5 7
0.28 0.22 0.31 0.55 7.5
0.29 0.22 0.32 0.6 8
0.3 0.23 0.33 0.65 8.5
0.31 0.23 0.34 0.7 9
0.32 0.24 0.35 0.75 9.5
0.33 0.24 0.36 0.82 10
0.34 0.24 0.37 0.88 10.5
0.35 0.25 0.38 0.94 11
0.36 0.25 0.39 1.00 11.5
0.37 0.25 0.4 1.08 12
0.38 0.26 0.41 1.16 12.5
0.39 0.26 0.42 1.25 13
0.4 0.26 0.43 1.33 13.5
0.41 0.27 0.44 1.41 14
0.42 0.27 0.45 1.50 14.5
0.43 0.27 0.46 1.63 15
0.44 0.28 0.46 1.64 15.5
0.45 0.28 0.47 1.75 16
0.46 0.28 0.48 1.88 16.5
0.47 0.29 0.49 2.00 17
0.48 0.29 0.50 2.13 17.5
0.49 0.29 0.51 2.25 18
0.5 0.30 18.5
0.51 0.30 19
0.52 0.30 19.5
0.53 0.30 20
0.54 0.30 20.5
0.55 0.31 21
0.56 0.31 21.5
0.57 0.31 22
0.58 0.31 22.5
0.59 0.31 23
0.6 0.32 23.5
0.61 0.32 24
0.62 0.32 24.5
0.63 0.32 25
0.64 0.32 25.5
0.65 0.33 26
0.66 0.33 26.5
0.67 0.33 27
0.68 0.33 27.5
0.69 0.33 28
0.7 0.34 28.5
0.71 0.34 29
0.72 0.34 29.5
0.73 0.34 30
0.74 0.34 30.5
0.75 0.35 31
0.76 0.35 31.5
0.77 0.35 32
0.78 0.35 32.5
0.79 0.35 33
0.8 0.35 33.5
0.81 0.35 34
0.82 0.36 34.5
0.83 0.36 35
0.84 0.36 35.5
0.85 0.36 36
0.86 0.36 36.5
0.87 0.36 37
0.88 0.37 37.5
0.89 0.37 38
0.9 0.37 38.5
0.91 0.37 39
0.92 0.37 39.5
0.93 0.37 40
0.94 0.38 40.5
0.95 0.38 41
0.96 0.38 41.5
0.97 0.38 42
0.98 0.38 42.5
0.99 0.38 43
1.00 0.39 43.5
1.01 0.39 44
1.02 0.39 44.5
1.03 0.39 45
1.04 0.39 45.5
1.05 0.39 46
1.06 0.39 46.5
1.07 0.39 47
1.08 0.4 47.5
1.09 0.4 48
1.10 0.4 48.5
1.11 0.4 49
1.12 0.4 49.5
1.13 0.4 50
1.14 0.4 50.5
1.15 0.4 51
1.16 0.41 51.5
1.17 0.41 52
1.18 0.41 52.5
1.19 0.41 53
1.20 0.41 53.5
1.21 0.41 54
1.22 0.41 54.5
1.23 0.41 55
1.24 0.41 55.5
1.25 0.42 56
1.26 0.42 56.5
1.27 0.42 57
1.28 0.42 57.5
1.29 0.42 58
1.30 0.42 58.5
1.31 0.42 59
1.32 0.42 59.5
1.33 0.43 60
1.34 0.43 60.5
1.35 0.43 61
1.36 0.43 61.5
1.37 0.43 62
1.38 0.43 62.5
1.39 0.43 63
1.40 0.43 63.5
1.41 0.44 64
1.42 0.44 64.5
1.43 0.44 65
1.44 0.44 65.5
1.45 0.44 66
1.46 0.44 66.5
1.47 0.44 67
1.48 0.44 67.5
1.49 0.44 68
1.50 0.45 68.5
1.51 0.45 69
1.52 0.45 69.5
1.53 0.45 70
1.54 0.45 70.5
1.55 0.45 71
1.56 0.45 71.5
1.57 0.45 72
1.58 0.45 72.5
1.59 0.45 73
1.60 0.45 73.5
1.61 0.45 74
1.62 0.45 74.5
1.63 0.46 75
1.64 0.46 75.5
1.65 0.46 76
1.66 0.46 76.5
1.67 0.46 77
1.68 0.46 77.5
1.69 0.46 78
1.70 0.46 78.5
1.71 0.46 79
1.72 0.46 79.5
1.73 0.46 80
1.74 0.46 80.5
1.75 0.47 81
1.76 0.47 81.5
1.77 0.47 82
1.78 0.47 82.5
1.79 0.47 83
1.80 0.47 83.5
1.81 0.47 84
1.82 0.47 84.5
1.83 0.47 85
1.84 0.47 85.5
1.85 0.47 86
1.86 0.47 86.5
1.87 0.47 87
1.88 0.48 87.5
1.89 0.48 88
1.90 0.48 88.5
1.91 0.48 89
1.92 0.48 89.5
1.93 0.48 90
1.94 0.48
1.95 0.48
1.96 0.48
1.97 0.48
1.98 0.48
1.99 0.48
2.00 0.49
2.01 0.49
2.02 0.49
2.03 0.49
2.04 0.49
2.05 0.49
2.06 0.49
2.07 0.49
2.08 0.49
2.09 0.49
2.10 0.49
2.11 0.49
2.12 0.49
2.13 0.50
2.14 0.50
2.15 0.50
2.16 0.50
2.17 0.50
2.18 0.50
2.19 0.50
2.20 0.50
2.21 0.50
2.22 0.50
2.23 0.50
2.24 0.50
2.25 0.51
2.26 0.51
2.27 0.51
2.28 0.51
2.29 0.51
2.30 0.51
2.31 0.51
2.32 0.51
2.33 0.51
2.34 0.51
2.35 0.51
2.36 0.51
2.37 0.51
2.38 0.51
2.39 0.51
2.40 0.51
2.41 0.51
2.42 0.51
2.43 0.51
2.44 0.51
2.45 0.51
2.46 0.51
2.47 0.51
2.48 0.51
2.49 0.51
2.50 0.51
2.51 0.51
2.52 0.51
2.53 0.51
2.54 0.51
2.55 0.51
2.56 0.51
2.57 0.51
2.58 0.51
2.59 0.51
2.60 0.51
2.61 0.51
2.62 0.51
2.63 0.51
2.64 0.51
2.65 0.51
2.66 0.51
2.67 0.51
2.68 0.51
2.69 0.51
2.70 0.51
2.71 0.51
2.72 0.51
2.73 0.51
2.74 0.51
2.75 0.51
2.76 0.51
2.77 0.51
2.78 0.51
2.79 0.51
2.80 0.51
2.81 0.51
2.82 0.51
2.83 0.51
2.84 0.51
2.85 0.51
2.86 0.51
2.87 0.51
2.88 0.51
2.89 0.51
2.90 0.51
2.91 0.51
2.92 0.51
2.93 0.51
2.94 0.51
2.95 0.51
2.96 0.51
2.97 0.51
2.98 0.51
2.99 0.51
3.00 0.51
3.01 0.51
3.02 0.51
3.03 0.51
3.04 0.51
3.05 0.51
3.06 0.51
3.07 0.51
3.08 0.51
3.09 0.51
3.10 0.51
3.11 0.51
3.12 0.51
3.13 0.51
3.14 0.51
3.15 0.51
 Permissible Bond stress Table t bd in concrete (IS : 456-2000)
M-10 M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40 M-45 M-50
-- 0.6 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4

Development Length in tension

Plain M.S. Bars H.Y.S.D. Bars

tbd (N / mm2) kd = Ld F tbd (N / mm2) kd = Ld F
0.6 58 0.96 60
0.8 44 1.28 45
0.9 39 1.44 40
1 35 1.6 36
1.1 32 1.76 33
1.2 29 1.92 30
1.3 27 2.08 28
1.4 25 2.24 26

Permissible stress in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Permission stress in compression (N/mm2) Permissible stress in bond (Average) for
Bending acbc Direct (acc) plain bars in tention (N/mm2)
(N/mm2) Kg/m2 (N/mm2) Kg/m2 (N/mm2) in kg/m2
3.0 300 2.5 250 -- --
5.0 500 4.0 400 0.6 60
7.0 700 5.0 500 0.8 80
8.5 850 6.0 600 0.9 90
10.0 1000 8.0 800 1.0 100
11.5 1150 9.0 900 1.1 110
13.0 1300 10.0 1000 1.2 120
14.5 1450 11.0 1100 1.3 130
16.0 1600 12.0 1200 1.4 140

Permissible direct tensile stress in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Grade of concrete M-10 M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40

sct.max 1.2 2.0 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 4.4
 Value of angle
sin Degree cos tan cot
0.017 1 1.000 0.017 57.295
0.026 1.5 1.000 0.262 56.300
0.035 2 0.999 0.035 28.644
0.044 2.5 0.999 0.044 22.913
0.052 3 0.999 0.052 19.083
0.061 3.5 0.998 0.061 16.362
0.070 4 0.998 0.070 14.311
0.078 4.5 0.997 0.079 12.707
0.087 5 0.996 0.087 11.437
0.096 5.5 0.995 0.096 10.385
0.104 6 0.995 0.105 9.563
0.113 6.5 0.994 0.114 8.777
0.122 7 0.993 0.123 8.149
0.131 7.5 0.991 0.132 7.597
0.139 8 0.990 0.140 7.119
0.148 8.5 0.989 0.149 6.691
0.156 9 0.988 0.158 6.315
0.165 9.5 0.986 0.168 5.963
0.174 10 0.985 0.176 5.673
0.182 10.5 0.983 0.185 5.396
0.191 11 0.981 0.194 5.142
0.199 11.5 0.980 0.203 4.915
0.208 12 0.978 0.213 4.704
0.819 12.5 0.976 0.839 1.192
0.225 13 0.974 0.231 4.332
0.233 13.5 0.972 0.240 4.166
0.242 14 0.970 0.249 4.011
0.250 14.5 0.968 0.259 3.867
0.259 15 0.966 0.268 3.732
0.259 15.5 0.964 0.269 3.723
0.276 16 0.961 0.287 3.488
0.284 16.5 0.959 0.296 3.376
0.292 17 0.956 0.306 3.272
0.301 17.5 0.954 0.315 3.172
0.309 18 0.951 0.325 3.078
0.317 18.5 0.948 0.335 2.989
0.326 19 0.946 0.344 2.905
0.334 19.5 0.943 0.354 2.824
0.342 20 0.940 0.364 2.747
0.350 20.5 0.937 0.374 2.674
0.358 21 0.934 0.384 2.605
0.367 21.5 0.930 0.394 2.539
0.375 22 0.927 0.404 2.475
0.383 22.5 0.924 0.414 2.414
0.391 23 0.921 0.424 2.356
0.399 23.5 0.917 0.435 2.300
0.407 24 0.924 0.440 2.271
0.415 24.5 0.910 0.456 2.194
0.422 25 0.906 0.466 2.148
0.431 25.5 0.905 0.476 2.103
0.438 26 0.898 0.488 2.049
0.446 26.5 0.895 0.499 2.006
0.454 27 0.891 0.510 1.963
0.462 27.5 0.887 0.521 1.921
0.469 28 0.883 0.532 1.881
0.477 28.5 0.879 0.543 1.842
0.485 29 0.875 0.554 1.804
0.492 29.5 0.870 0.566 1.767
0.500 30 0.866 0.577 1.732
0.508 30.5 0.862 0.589 1.698
0.515 31 0.857 0.601 1.664
0.522 31.5 0.853 0.613 1.632
0.530 32 0.848 0.625 1.600
0.537 32.5 0.843 0.637 1.570
0.545 33 0.839 0.649 1.540
0.552 33.5 0.834 0.662 1.511
0.559 34 0.829 0.675 1.483
0.566 34.5 0.834 0.679 1.473
0.573 35 0.819 0.700 1.429
0.581 35.5 0.814 0.713 1.402
0.588 36 0.809 0.726 1.377
0.595 36.5 0.804 0.740 1.351
0.602 37 0.799 0.754 1.327
0.609 37.5 0.793 0.767 1.303
0.616 38 0.788 0.781 1.280
0.623 38.5 0.783 0.795 1.257
0.629 39 0.777 0.810 1.235
0.636 39.5 0.772 0.824 1.213
0.643 40 0.766 0.839 1.191
0.649 40.5 0.760 0.854 1.171
0.656 41 0.755 0.869 1.150
0.663 41.5 0.749 0.885 1.130
0.669 42 0.743 0.900 1.111
0.676 42.5 0.737 0.916 1.091
0.682 43 0.731 0.933 1.072
0.688 43.5 0.725 0.949 1.054
0.695 44 0.719 0.966 1.036
0.701 44.5 0.713 0.983 1.018
0.707 45 0.707 1.000 1.000
0.713 45.5 0.701 1.018 0.983
0.719 46 0.695 1.036 0.966
0.725 46.5 0.688 1.054 0.949
0.731 47 0.682 1.072 0.933
0.737 47.5 0.676 1.091 0.916
0.742 48 0.669 1.109 0.902
0.749 48.5 0.663 1.130 0.885
0.755 49 0.656 1.150 0.869
0.760 49.5 0.649 1.171 0.854
0.766 50 0.643 1.192 0.839
0.772 50.5 0.636 1.213 0.824
0.777 51 0.629 1.235 0.810
0.786 51.5 0.623 1.262 0.792
0.788 52 0.616 1.280 0.781
0.793 52.5 0.609 1.303 0.767
0.799 53 0.602 1.327 0.754
0.804 53.5 0.595 1.351 0.740
0.809 54 0.588 1.376 0.727
0.814 54.5 0.581 1.402 0.713
0.819 55 0.574 1.428 0.700
0.824 55.5 0.566 1.455 0.687
0.829 56 0.559 1.483 0.675
0.834 56.5 0.552 1.511 0.662
0.839 57 0.545 1.540 0.649
0.843 57.5 0.537 1.570 0.637
0.848 58 0.530 1.600 0.625
0.853 58.5 0.522 1.632 0.613
0.857 59 0.515 1.664 0.601
0.862 59.5 0.508 1.698 0.589
0.866 60 0.500 1.732 0.577
0.870 60.5 0.492 1.767 0.566
0.875 61 0.485 1.804 0.554
0.879 61.5 0.477 1.842 0.543
0.883 62 0.470 1.880 0.532
0.887 62.5 0.462 1.921 0.521
0.891 63 0.454 1.963 0.510
0.895 63.5 0.446 2.006 0.498
0.899 64 0.438 2.051 0.488
0.903 64.5 0.431 2.097 0.477
0.906 65 0.423 2.145 0.466
0.910 65.5 0.415 2.195 0.456
0.914 66 0.407 2.246 0.445
0.917 66.5 0.399 2.300 0.435
0.921 67 0.391 2.356 0.424
0.924 67.5 0.383 2.414 0.414
0.927 68 0.375 2.475 0.404
0.930 68.5 0.819 1.136 0.880
0.934 69 0.358 2.605 0.384
0.937 69.5 0.350 2.674 0.374
0.940 70 0.342 2.747 0.364
0.943 70.5 0.556 1.696 0.590
0.946 71 0.326 2.904 0.344
0.948 71.5 0.317 2.989 0.335
0.951 72 0.309 3.078 0.325
0.954 72.5 0.301 3.172 0.315
0.956 73 0.292 3.271 0.306
0.959 73.5 0.284 3.376 0.296
0.961 74 0.276 3.488 0.287
0.964 74.5 0.267 3.606 0.277
0.966 75 0.259 3.732 0.268
0.968 75.5 0.250 3.868 0.259
0.970 76 0.242 4.011 0.249
0.982 76.5 0.233 4.209 0.238
0.974 77 0.225 4.332 0.231
0.976 77.5 0.216 4.511 0.222
0.978 78 0.208 4.705 0.213
0.980 78.5 0.199 4.915 0.203
0.982 79 0.191 5.145 0.194
0.983 79.5 0.182 5.396 0.185
0.985 80 0.174 5.673 0.176
0.986 80.5 0.165 5.977 0.167
 0.988 81 0.156 6.315 0.158
0.989 81.5 0.148 6.691 0.149
0.999 82 0.139 7.178 0.139
0.991 82.5 0.131 7.597 0.132
0.993 83 0.122 8.145 0.123
0.994 83.5 0.113 8.777 0.114
0.995 84 0.105 9.517 0.105
0.995 84.5 0.096 10.389 0.096
0.996 85 0.087 11.431 0.087
0.997 85.5 0.078 12.716 0.079
0.998 86 0.070 14.302 0.070
0.998 86.5 0.061 16.362 0.061
0.999 87 0.052 19.083 0.052
0.999 87.5 0.044 22.913 0.044
0.999 88 0.035 28.637 0.035
1.000 88.5 0.026 38.299 0.026
0.9998 89 0.017 57.295 0.017
0.9999 89.5 0.009 114.931 0.009
1.000 90 0.000 1.000 0.000