TASK1

Diesel Pump
A diesel pump's full name is a diesel injection pump, and like the name
suggests, is responsible for injecting fuel into the firing cylinders of diesel
engines. It is important to remember that, unlike gasoline-powered engines,
diesel engines do not use spark plugs to ignite the fuel in the firing cylinders.
They rely entirely on the high compression pressure of the fuel in the cylinder
to result in combustion. As a result, diesel injection pumps are extremely
important and must be built tough to produce the compression rates of up to
15,000 psi necessary for the engine's functioning.

TYPE Diesel Injection Pumps

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1. Inline Injection Pumps

Inline diesel injection pumps were among the first
design to be created, and are generally considered
very effective. They involve a layout similar to that of
the actual engine. A cylinder of the pump sits atop
each one of the engine's firing cylinders. They even
have a set of pistons like the engine, but in the pump
the pistons point downward while the engine's
pistons point upward. A rotating cam sits atop of the
length of the pump's cylinders and connects to the
engine's serpentine belt. A fuel line connects into the
sides of each of the pump's cylinders. When the
engine starts, the cam atop the pump turns, forcing
one piston down after another in the exact same
sequence as the pistons in the engine's firing cylinders. Each pump piston
forces fuel into the engine in a highly-concentrated spray. This combined with
the engine's air intake design creates the necessary compression in the firing
cylinders for combustion. When the pump pistons draw back, simple suction
pulls more fuel from the lines into the pump's cylinders

2. Distributor Injection Pumps

Distributor diesel injection pumps are also called rotary
injection pumps. They are comprised of a hollow cylinder
called a rotor as it sits on a cam which connects to the
ports of the distributor head. The rotor sits between the
firing cylinders in the engine block, and has a small hole
in one side. Unlike a gas engine, this distributor is more
similar to a carburetor in that it pushes blasts of fuel
through to the rotor in time with the rise and fall of the
engine's pistons. Sitting on a cam as it is, the rotor turns
toward the firing cylinder when it's about to fire, aligns its
hole with the port on the side of the cylinder, and sprays
in the fuel just in time for the combustion, before turning again toward the next
cylinder to repeat the process
Read more: How Does a Diesel Pump Work? | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/how-
does_5548045_diesel-pump-work.html#ixzz1i2SfTopK

TASK2

Types of Diesel fuel supply methods :

Fuel Injector Requirements
A fine spray is necessary so that the diesel fuel vapor mixes quickly with air.
This process is enhanced by the proper placement of the injector in the
cylinder head. This placement requires precision in location and angle. Since
the spray is consists of hot compressed air, the injection must take place late
in the compression cycle of the piston just before it reaches top dead center.
To achieve this function, the injector must deliver pressures as high as 29,000
psi.

Direct Injection Systems

Direct injection fuel systems (DI) introduce
the fuel directly into the cylinder with
improved performance and lower
compression ratios. This makes the use of
DI possible in passenger vehicles and
light-duty trucks. Types of DI systems are
the common rail system, radial distributor
injector system and the unit-pump system
and unit-injector system. The common rail
system uses an independent pump and is not reliant upon engine speed. The
distributor injection systems are the most common on lighter vehicles and can
be controlled mechanically or electronically. Newer versions of the common
rail system have reduced emissions and are being utilized in passenger
vehicles.

Indirect Injection
Indirect Injection Systems (IDI) operate at a
higher compression ratio. This results in a
 more rapid mixing of air and fuel. However, these systems suffer from greater
heat loss than DI systems. This is why IDI systems must have a high
compression to reach the necessary temperatures. This can result in lower
fuel economy. The IDI systems are usually more difficult to start and require
glow plugs in the pre-chamber to provide necessary heat.

Read more: Types of Diesel Fuel Injection | eHow.com

http://www.ehow.com/list_7256972_types-diesel-fuel-injection.html#ixzz1i2WAUeFt

TASK3

The primary job of the diesel fuel system is to inject a precise amount of atomized
and pressurized fuel into each engine cylinder at the precise time. The major parts
of the diesel system are the fuel tank, fuel transfer pump, fuel filters, injection
pump, and injection nozzles.

Diesel Fuel system components :

Tank

Fuel tanks in diesel fuel systems usually are made of sheet metal or an aluminum alloy. The
main function of this part is simply to hold the diesel.

Fuel Transfer Pump

The transfer pump transfers the diesel out of the fuel tank. It most commonly is placed
outside of the fuel tank, but it also can be within the fuel tank or on the rear of the injection
pump.

Fuel Filters
Fuel filters in a diesel system filter out any dirt or other contaminants that may enter the
fuel system. All fuel passes through these filters. The filters are put into the system to
protect the injector pump and injector parts, which would be damaged easily by dirt or
contaminants.

Injection Pump

The injection pump of a diesel fuel system is the part that supplies the high pressure fuel for
injection. There are many different types of these pumps.

Injection Nozzles

Injection nozzles spray diesel fuel into the combustion chamber of every cylinder.

http://www.ehow.com/list_7256972_types-diesel-fuel-injection.html

TASK4

Tests cylinder pressure on diesel cars and trucks

Handy deflator for releasing air and automatic re-setting of
gauge for repeat testing.
The 2 1/4" gauge has a dual scale dial with ranges from 0 -
1000 psi and 0 - 70 bar.
Wire reinforced hydraulic hose is 16 1/2" long.
Easy to read red and black dial and snap-in lens.