PERHITUNGAN

CAIRAN -ELEKTROLIT
Cara membuat Dextr 7,5 %

D 7,5%:
D 7,5-5%/D40-5% = 2,5/35x100
= 250/35 cc= 7 cc

Dalam 1 burret (100 cc) berisi:

D5% 93CC + 7 cc D 40%
 Cara membuat Dextr 12,5%

D 12,5%:
- 12,5-5%/D40-5%=7,5/35x100
=750/35 cc=21 cc

- Dalam 1 burret ( 100 cc) berisi:

D 5% 79 cc + 21 cc D 40 %
Comparison of Inotropic Drugs
Drug Uses
Epinephrine Symptomatic bradycardia
Shock (incl.anaphylactic)
Hypotension
Cardiopulmonary arrest
Dobutamine Normotensive cardiogenic
shock
Dopamine

Low Improve renal, splanchnic

blood flow
High Hypotension
 Dopamin Hydrochloride(Inotropin)
Indikasi:
Meningkatkan perfusi jaringan setelah adekuat
fluid replacemant
Meningkatkan cardiac output dan stroke
volume pd CHF
Low dose 0.5-5 mcg/kg/min meningkatkan
renal perfusion
Moderate dose 5-10mcg/kg/minmeningkatkan
cardiac output
High dose 10-40 mcg/kg/min sytemic
perfusion
 Dopamin Hydrochloride(Inotropin)
Drip administration:
mg of dopamin/100 ml of solution=
6 X infantweight(kg)X desired dose(mcg/kg/min)
rate ( ml/h)
Preparation of Drug Infusions
The Rule of 6

Drug: Calculation rule:

Epinephrine 0.6 x BW(kg) = # mg
to add to diluent to
make 100 mL
volume

1 mL/h delivers 0.1 g/kg per minute

Preparation of Drug Infusions
The Rule of 6

Drug: Calculation rule:

Dopamine 6 x BW(kg) = # mg
Dobutamine to add to diluent to
make 100 mL
volume

1 mL/h delivers 1 g/kg per minute

 Caveats of Drug Infusion
Therapy
Drug delivery is delayed at slow
infusion rates
Titrate the infusion
Monitor heart rate and blood pressure
continuously
The Rule of 6 has limitations in larger
patients: adjust calculation
 Epinephrine Drip for a 20-kg
Patient
Dose = 0.6 x 20 = 12 mg in solution totaling 100 mL fluid
To deliver 0,1 g/kg per minute
Drug Dose Infusion Rate

12 mg 1 mL/h

Dilute by factor of 10 Increase by factor of 10

1.2 mg 10 mL/h
 Aids to Drug Calculations

Percent solution
Percentage = number of grams per
100 mL (regardless of the substance)
10 % solution = 10 g / 100 mL
= 0.1 g / mL
= 100 mg/ mL
D10W = 100 mg glucose per mL
 Aids to Drug Calculation

Serial dilution
1 : 100 ; 1 : 1000 ; 1 : 10,000 =
1 g of any substance per 100, 1000, 10,000 mL
1 : 10,000 epinephrine = 1 g/10,000 mL
= 1 mg/10 mL
= 0,1 mg/mL
Aids to Drug Calculation
Microgram (g)
1 g = 1/1000 of a milligram, or
1 mg = 1000 g
How many g/mL are in a 1 : 10,000
solution of epinephrine ?
1 : 10,000 = 1 g/10,000 mL
= 1000 mg/10,000 mL
= 1 mg/10 mL
= 1000 g/10 mL
= 100 g/mL