Assigment 1

Printed Circuit Board

Electronic circuits in schools and industry are normally manufactured through the use of PCBs
(Printed Circuit Boards). The boards are made from glass reinforced plastic with copper tracks in the
place of wires. Components are fixed in position by drilling holes through the board, locating the
components and then soldering them in place. The copper tracks link the components together
forming a circuit. The animation shows the components arranged on the 'component side' of the PCB
and as it rotates, the copper tracks are also shown.

Printed circuit boards are used in all but the simplest electronic products. Alternatives to PCBs
include wire wrap and point-to-point construction. PCBs require the additional design effort to lay
out the circuit but manufacturing and assembly can be automated. Manufacturing circuits with PCBs
is cheaper and faster than with other wiring methods as components are mounted and wired with
one single part. Furthermore, operator wiring errors are eliminated.

When the board has only copper connections and no embedded components it is more correctly
called a printed wiring board (PWB) or etched wiring board. Although more accurate, the term
printed wiring board has fallen into disuse. A PCB populated with electronic components is called a
printed circuit assembly (PCA), printed circuit board assembly or PCB assembly (PCBA). The IPC
preferred term for assembled boards is circuit card assembly (CCA),[1] for assembled backplanes it is
backplane assemblies. The term PCB is used informally both for bare and assembled boards.
Flow chart process
PROCESS
FLOW
PCB ready in
magazines & reel
setup at the machines
Magazi
nes
Loader
Flipper
Scan
Station
Solder
Paste
Printer
Solder
Defect Scra
Paste
p
Inspection
PCB
(SPI)Go
Scan od
Station
Placem
ent
Scan
Station
Reflow
Oven
Solder Joint
Inspection
Pass (AOI)
HaranFail Rew
Verification Defect ork /
& Visual Scra
Inspection p
Pass
Magazine Second
Unloader Side
Depanel
Complete
ling /
Final
Assembl7
y
Laser Marking

Laser marking Machine Laser marking printed at PCB

Laser Marking System offer full line of laser marking machines which capable of satisfying even the
most demanding laser marking application. Thousands of manufacturing throughout the world are
applying laser marking systems as their marking device for fast and durable marking result. Laser
marking system able to mark virtually on any materials from metal and non-metal like iron, copper,
aluminum, gold, silver, wood, paper, glass

Scanning PCB

Load machine and scanning machine Load PCB to machine from magazine
In this part of the process where the PCB do put on a machine and then the machine will count and
record every serial number PCB received. Then the data is stored to note for future reference.

Solder Paste Machine

Solder paste machine Solder paste on PCB

Solder paste solder machine will sweep over the PCB by the module produced. This machine has two
types of lead free and leaded solder. It also has an important role to keep each solder paste on the
PCB thickness.

Placement Machine

Placement machine 1 Placement machine 2

The placement equipment is part of a larger overall machine that carries out specific programmed
steps to create a PCB Assembly. Several sub-systems work together to pick up and correctly place the
components onto the PCB. These systems normally use pneumatic suction cup, attached to a plotter-
like device to allow the cup to be accurately manipulated in three dimensions.
 Each component is placed in position Each position to give precise accuracy

Reflow Oven

Reflow oven machine PCB after reflow oven

Reflow soldering is a process in which a solder paste (a sticky mixture of powdered solder and flux) is
used to temporarily attach one or several electrical components to their contact pads, after which
the entire assembly is subjected to controlled heat, which melts the solder, permanently connecting
the joint. Heating may be accomplished by passing the assembly through a reflow oven or under an
infrared lamp or by soldering individual joints with a hot air pencil.

Automated Optical Inspection

AIO machine Ability capturing an image wrong at PCB

Automated optical inspection (AOI) is an automated visual inspection of a wide range of products,
such as printed circuit boards (PCBs), LCDs, transistors, automotive parts, lids and labels on product
packages or agricultural products (seed corn or fruits). In case of PCB-inspection, a camera
autonomously scans the device under test (DUT) for variety of surface feature defects such as
scratches and stains, open circuits, short circuits, thinning of the solder as well as missing
components, incorrect components, and incorrectly placed components. Agricultural inspections
might check for variations in part color, perhaps to find ripe fruit. AOI is a type of white box testing.

An image from detection AOI machine

 An image from detection AOI machine

Drawing Printed Circuit Board

 Drawing printed circuit board for every part component

Drawing printed circuit board for every component electrical used

Drawing printed circuit board for solder paste

Drawing Meter
for

PERODUA ALZA (front)

Drawing meter for PERODUA ALZA (back)