1.

Nonspecific host defences that exist prior to exposure to an antigen is called

a) Acquired immunity b) innate immunity
c) Adaptive immunity d) all of these
2. Innate immunity is also called
a) Familial b) genetic c) inborn d) all of these
3. Innate immunity involves all except
a) Anatomic barriers b) phagocytic c) inflammatory mechanisms
d) Antibody production
4. First line of defence include
a) Skin b) mucus c) lysozyme secretion d) all of these
5. Skin prevents pathogen entry
a) Dead cells of the skin outer layer prevents pathogen entry
b) Skin secretes oil by sebaceous gland that makes surface acidic
c) Skin secretes sweat by sudoriferous gland that makes surface acidic
d) all of these
6. Stomach clear out pathogens by
a) Secreting HCl b) secreting digestive enzymes
c) Both a and b d) none of these
7. Vaginal bacterial symbionts like Lactobacilli prevents pathogen by
a) Producing lactic acid thereby reducing pH b) Secreting antibiotics
c) Secreting toxins d) none of these
8. Bodies internal defence or second line of defence include
a) Phagocytes b) fever c) interferons d) all of these
9. The functions of macrophages include
a) Phagocytosis b) antigen presenting cells
c) Cytokine production d) all of these
10. Kupffer cells are macrophages found on
a) Lung b) bone c) nephrons d) liver
11. Neutrophils are
a) Phagocytes b) short lived leucocytes
c) Involved in second line of defence d) all of these
12. Tissue damage caused by wound or invading pathogenic organisms induces a complex sequence of events
collectively known as
a) Opsonisation b) phagocytosis c) inflammation d) none of these
13. Temperature rising chemicals are called
a) Pyrogens b) Thermogens c) both a and b d) none of these
14. The internal second line of defence involves all except
a) Natural killer cells b) complement system c) interferons d) antibodies
15. Antiviral glycoproteins released by living cells in response to viral attack and induce a viral resistant state
to neighbouring cells is called as
a) natural killer cells b) complement system c) interferons d) phagocytes
16. The specific targeted responses constitute the third line of defence in response to an infectious agent and is
called as
a) Third line of defence b) adaptive immunity
c) Acquired immunity d) all of these
17. The characteristics of adaptive immunity include
a) Specificity b) immunologic memory
c) Discrimination of self from non-self molecules d) all of these
18. Which of the cells are involved in adaptive immunity
a) B cells and T cells b) B cells only
c) T cells only d) macrophages and NK cells
19. T cell mediates
a) Humoral immunity b) nonspecific defence
c) Cell mediated immunity d) none of these
20. The ratio of T cells to B cells is
a) 3:1 b) 1:3 c) 1:1 d) 1:2
21. The antibody mediated humoral immunity is mediated by
a) B cells and T cells b) B cells
c) T cells d) macrophages and NK cells
22. T cells and B cells are originated in
a) spleen b) thymus c) bone marrow d) lymph nodes
23. Injection of anti-venom against snake bite is an example of
a) active immunity b) passive immunity
c) nonspecific immunity d) phagocytic immunity
24. Which of the following statements are true regarding adaptive immunity
a) prior exposure to antigen is essential b) prior exposure to antigen is not essential
c) it is a nonspecific defence mechanism d) macrophages are the major cells involved
25. Active immunity involves
a) contact with foreign antigens b) immunologic memory
c) slow primary response d)all of the above
26. Active immunity is produced by
a) clonal selection b) clonal expansion
c) both a and b d) all of these
27. Cells involved in adaptive immunity or acquired immunity or specific defence include
a) T cells b) B cells c) antigen presenting cells d) all of these
28. Plasma cells are secreted by
 a) T cells b) B cells c) antigen presenting cells d) macrophages
29. The characteristics of passive immunity include
a) Immediate relief b) no immunologic memory
c) Resistance for a short period only d) all of these
30. Immunologic memory is provided by
a) B cells b) T cells c) both a and b d) phagocytes
Answers
1. b) innate immunity
2. d) all of these
3. d) antibody production
4. d) all of these
5. d) all of these
6. c) both a and b
7. a). producing lactic acid thereby reducing pH
8. d)all of these
9. d) all of these
10. d) liver
11. d) all of these
12. c) inflammation
13. a.) pyrogens
14. d) antibodies
15. c) interferons
16. d) all of these
17. d) all of these
18. a) B cells and T cells
19. c) cell mediated immunity
20. a) 3:1
21. b) B cells
22. c) bone marrow
23. c) nonspecific immunity
24. a) prior exposure to antigen is essential
25. d) all of the above
26. c) both a and b
27. d) all of these
28. b) B cells
29. d) all of these
30. c) both a and b