Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Brainstorming
Answer and discuss the following questions in the forum created for unit
1. There is a thread opened with this aim.
Do you know what a database is?
Have you ever used a database to search for any sort of
information?
Have you ever read an article in its electronic version?
Do you know what RSS is?
Initial questionnaire
Take some minutes to fill up the following form and submit it electronically.
This will allow the teaching team to learn about your previous knowledge
on the subject.
Unit 1. Databases and electronic libraries for English Studies 3
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheet/viewform?hl=es&formkey=dDhnRmNTc19fRFBkU1YtS3F
BSUdLd0E6MQ#gid=0
Introduction
As mentioned in the general introduction, this first part of the course will be focused on
the first digital competence that includes the Digital Competence Framework for Citizens,
published in 2017 by the UE: http://tinyurl.com/y7pd77aa (pg 23). This competence implies to
able to search, evaluate and manage information depending on our needs, in this case, the field
of English Studies. This chapter will deal with the first two actions, and the third will be studied
in the next unit. This competence will be crucial to face the first part of your TFG. You will be able
to know how to locate the information to need from trustful resources, which are relevant to the
field of study of your interest.
Contents
Nowadays we can find new tools in university libraries which gather all sorts of resources.
We will look at each of them independently so that you can get a clearer idea of what each tool
can offer and how we can get the best of it for our aims. We will show different databases related
to our area of knowledge, ranging from the most specific ones to the other more general so that
you get to know how to search for information effectively. One of the first tasks that any researcher
has to do is to check a database or an electronic journal provider.
The concept of Information Literacy has received different definitions, mainly conditioned by the
technological context of the moment. If we compare the way of elaborating a research work
nowadays with the methods used 20 years ago, we will understand the role that technology and
digitalisation have meant in the last few years. The American Library Association (ALA) defined
IL (Information Literacy) as a skill or an ability to recognize when information is needed and have
the ability to locate, evaluate, and use effectively the needed information in 1989. Sixteen years
later the same concept is described as the set of integrated abilities encompassing the reflective
discovery of information, the understanding of how information is produced and valued, and the
use of information in creating new knowledge and participating ethically in communities of
learning. The last definition includes two key elements which must be present in the head of all
researchers and academics: "ethics" and "communities". Ethics to mention the source of our
findings (e.g. essays), and "communities", conceived as spaces to share and enrich our
knowledge (Lkse et al., 2017).
Log in to campus UNED and visit our library. Think about your favourite subject and try to do a
search related to it. Consider to consult some database first (recursos electrnicos), and then
Unit 1. Databases and electronic libraries for English Studies 4
narrow your search to a journal, book (paper or e-book), report, or any other type of source.
Have a look at some of the links related to your studies (TFG, Plagiarism, Canal Biblioteca, etc.)
When accessing the catalogue, you will see that there are different library locations at UNED
(Sede Central). These are:
Although all of them share the same e-resources, each building keeps their own paper
books related to the degrees they coordinate, as well as other topics of interest. If you visit some
of these buildings with your own computer, do not forget to access the internet via Eduroam, a
special configuration that you need to prepare on your computer using your Campus UNED
Unit 1. Databases and electronic libraries for English Studies 5
password. If you are accessing the e-resources from the campus (or any other computer
connected from your local centre) you will have full access to the subscribed materials directly. If
you are accessing from home or outside the campus, you will need to login first at Campus UNED
and use the links created for that aim.
Remember that our library holds several training courses all through the year and most of them
can be followed live on the Internet. Visit the library website for more information.
After that, write about your experience in the forum for unit 1. Was it difficult to find things there?
Did you miss anything?
In the same way the concept of Information Literacy has experienced some variations with the
evolution of technology, the meaning of bibliographic database has changed as well. We have
selected a definition found in the the Wikipedia:
If at the very beginning these databases provided only information about bibliographic references,
nowadays they have been integrated with journal provider and other bibliographic platforms so
that you can have direct access to the full-text source that you need to consult (e-journal, thesis,
e-book, etc.). In this way, you can visualise an article through two or even three platforms bought
by your library. These platforms can serve as databases as well, and on many occasions, it is
difficult to draw a border between the former and the latter. If you perform a search in MLA
(Modern Language Association) International Bibliography or a library catalogue, they will show
different content providers depending on the ones subscribed by your institution.
What it is important to know is that if you want to read an electronic article, your University/
Institution needs to be subscribed at that time including the date when it was published; otherwise,
you will have to try luck with another library. Sometimes you may find "embargo" years, that
means you cannot read articles published in that period of time. Everything depends on the
contract and conditions signed by the library or institution. Most UNED subscribed services are
possible thanks to an agreement called Consorcio Madroo, signed by most public universities
located in Madrid (except for UCM, Universidad Complutense de Madrid).
As you can see below, there are some databases which can be consulted through "Consorcio
Madroo" by all its members, but other which can only be consulted by some Universities (second
group of resources). Depending on the field, you can find journals of interest in the field of English
Studies in some of the databases shown below (i.e. MLA, JSTOR, Isi Web of Knowledge, etc. ).
Unit 1. Databases and electronic libraries for English Studies 6
http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.uned.es/mlaib/advanced?accountid=14609
http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.uned.es/mlaib/dopsearch?accountid=14609
Apart from being famous by its databases, MLA is also a book of academic style, one of
the most widely used in English Literature. Others like APA are preferred when dealing
with topics dealing with education and social sciences.
Unit 1. Databases and electronic libraries for English Studies 9
https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/01/
J-STOR. Apart from providing contents from several e-books and journals related to
Language Studies, among other topics, you will find primary resources (digitalised
manuscripts of historical documents. Also, there is a new tool called "text analyzer" which
consists of scanning an article to find other articles of interest related to the text itself. The
image below shows one of the digitalised documents. Its reference can be easily saved but
the possibility to read all the pages is restricted to special subscriptions.
Unit 1. Databases and electronic libraries for English Studies 10
It has a collection of full-text works in English dating from the Anglo-Saxon period to the
present. In order to have full access, you need to be logged in at Campus UNED. It was first
launched in 1996, and 20 years later, it is a reference its field thanks to the quantity and the quality
of its contents. You will reach this resource from this link
http://literature.proquest.com.ezproxy.uned.es/ Among other formats, the database includes
audio plays like this:
Unit 1. Databases and electronic libraries for English Studies 11
Apart from articles and other electronic resources, you can find full-text dissertations which cover
the areas mentioned before. This database can be consulted from the University of Granada
library va ProQuest.
It is a database of linguistics abstracts containing more than 72000 abstracts extracted from more
than 600 specialized journals. If you need to use it, you can access from Universitat de Barcelona
or Granada.
This database belongs to EBSCO and provides access to the following list of journals dealing
with the history of the United States of America from 1955 to the present. A total of 1800 titles are
shown in the lists that can be seen in the following link: http://www.ebscohost.com/titleLists/31h-
coverage.pdf
Unit 1. Databases and electronic libraries for English Studies 12
Thanks to a database like this, you can have access to digitalised images of ancient texts from
your own institution with the possibility to zoom images, print some pages, take your own time to
read any work in detail, etc. Unfortunately, UNED is not subscribed, but you can try for free with
the demo announced on its website or locating an subscribed institution.
It contains digital facsimile page images of most of the works printed in England, Ireland, Scotland,
Wales and British North America and as well as works in English from 1473-1700. It has access
to full-text documents in different disciplines: Fine Arts, English Literature, Linguistics or History.
It can be acceded through ProQuest in some institutions. This link http://tinyurl.com/yd3jkh52
contains a list of online webinars to learn how to use this database, not only to about this
database, but others like LION .
Unit 1. Databases and electronic libraries for English Studies 13
Dialnet (UNED)
If you want to subscribe to some of these journals, you need to sign up before, and once
logged in, clicking on "Revistas", selecting your topic/s and choose those of you interest:
Once you select the journals, do not expect any sort of confirmitation. Just click on
"subscriptions" to check that you got subscribed succesully to the selected journals.
Apart from the databases above, you can other find articles related to English Studies in
Science Direct 1, one of the leading bibliographic platforms which has recently acquired others
such as Elsevier (focused on Science and Health publications) 2 or Scopus 3. Apart from having
more than 2,500 journals and 11,000 books, they have devoted a great effort to digitalise a lot
of articles written before 1995. Among other functionalities, it allows you to obtain a list with the
25 most cited references in any of the subscribed journals. This list shows the results retrieved
for "Discourse".
http://www.info.sciverse.com/sciencedirect-
video.html?utm_source=sciencedirect&utm_medium=banner&utm_campaign=sciencedirectcom_bann
er
2
http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/intro.cws_home/ataglance
3
http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/electronicproductdescription.cws_home/704746/description#descri
ption
Unit 1. Databases and electronic libraries for English Studies 15
As it is shown above, you can download different articles at the same time by selecting them,
export to diferent bibliographic formats or applying filter to sharpen your search.
EBSCO
EBSCO, the other world's leading information and publishing company along with
Science Direct, will lead you to many other databases like European Views of the Americas: 1493
to 1750, Teacher Reference Center Teacher Reference Center or even e-books like EBSCO
eClassics Collection among others. This is the appearance of one of the resoults retrieven when
searching something about Information Literacy in a database called Library, Information Science
& Technology Abstracts. Take into account that in the case, there will be no full-text versions, only
abstract. Once you have that information, you will need to look for the whole article in the library
cataloge or Linceo (it will be seen later).
Unit 1. Databases and electronic libraries for English Studies 16
As you can see, there is a menu on your right where you can see all the actions you can
take with the selected bibliographic reference (download to your Google Drive, save in a folder,
print or even share it.
REBIUN
Databases like the ones described before must be purchased by our institutions in order to
facilitate the research study of its undergraduates and postgraduates. It is unusual to find all of
them in the same University. That is why, in the past, you needed to travel to another location (if
you are writing a PhD or enrolled in some master course) to look for the desired database or
paper books. Nowadays there are easier solutions to cover these need, for example borrowing
books from other libraries from your University, if they are in paper format.
LINCEO
Apart from all these databases, UNED has recently launched a meta-searcher called LINCEO 4.
It is a meta-searcher customised by UNED to perform searches in several databases at the same
time. It is based on Summon, a ProQuest product. As shown in the image below, once you begin
to type your search on the screen, several suggestions related to your enquiry will appear. With
this engine you can search and access a variety of e-resources (e-books, e-journals and Open
Access journals, databases, etc). Some of them even have the direct link to the full text without
having to change the interface. Remember to be logged at Campus UNED before accessing. You
have a complete guide here: http://www.uned.es/biblioteca/guia_linceo/presentacion.htm
4
http://uned.summon.serialssolutions.com/
Unit 1. Databases and electronic libraries for English Studies 17
The same technology, SUMMON, has been used by Consorcio Madroo to build its collective
catalogue:
As you can see, this platform display paper and online copies of all the resouces includeed, but
you only can read complete works if your institution has access. You need to click on the link to
discover it.
To see your results In MLA style, you just need to select some references, open "elementos
guardados" and selecting MLA from the drop-down options.
Unit 1. Databases and electronic libraries for English Studies 18
Use some of the e-resources mentioned in this section and try to access them by using Linceo.
Make sure you have previously logged in with your Campus UNED account. Do the same with
Madroo Common Catalogue: http://consorciomadrono.summon.serialssolutions.com Take into
account that some online resources access can be blocked from our Institution. Share your ideas
about it in the forum for Unit 1.
Google Scholar
Along with Linceo, Google Scholar is probably one of the most useful used search
engines in the academic world. Each result will add links to different catalogues and different
ways to keep the reference if you have configured previously. Additionally, you can create alerts
so that you receive an email if something new has been published in relation to your "key word".
You can also follow the publications of some authors from your profile.
Unit 1. Databases and electronic libraries for English Studies 19
Google Books
Although to read most of the books in their complete version they need to be bought first, the
sample view can help you make an idea of the contents inside and, in cases a few pages would
be enough. You can order them using your own shelves and create a wish-list to buy them If you
need them.
E-journals
Each library has its own collection of e-journals depending on the packs that have been
bought from the main journal retailers. The following Images shows how to access the
ejournals subscribed by the library. Take Into account that is possible that you need to visit
the library onsite because some of these journals are published only in the paper version.
Unit 1. Databases and electronic libraries for English Studies 20
Imagine that we perform a search on "Language" and you retrieve the following results:
1
2
3
The first sentence would be the name of the journal, then we find the years subscribed, and
the journal provider /database to locate the full-text version. See how, in some cases, such
as the fourth example, you can find the journal in different providers, with different periods of
time subscribed. Open Access Journal means that all the journals contained provide free
access to the complete text of each article.
Once you are on the platform, you will be able to access the full-text version thanks to the
subscription of the library (green colour) or to the open policy of some numbers (orange). This
Unit 1. Databases and electronic libraries for English Studies 21
varies from one platforms to others. Look at the orange Icons (they will be described later).
The menu on the right shows the volumes, Issues and year of publication. These elements
will be useful when looking for your references and cite them later.
Although most of the ejournals subscribed by UNED can be found through the library website,
there might be variations depending on the embargos, updating, etc. This is the reason why
we recommend looking for the journal on the meta-searcher, and then try if you can access
the full text or not. The most important collections are: Willey Online, Academic Search
Premier, Ingenta, Sweetswise, Springerlink, Taylor & Francis, Sage Journals, Oxford
Journals, Cambridge University Press, etc. You do not need to learn by heart to which journal
belongs each journal, but getting familiar with their interfaces would help to extract their
information easily.
Each of the bibliographic references displayed by these electronic resources shares very
similar options: printing, saving references following different standards, sending through
email or exporting to some bibliographic formats among many other functions.
E-books
In the same way as most academic journals are becoming digital, the number of ebooks as
an alternative to the traditional paper books is increasing too. These are some of the most useful
ebook platforms which may be of interest for the English Studies disciplines:
- Safari Books online contains more than 40000 works dealing with technology and digital media. It is not
so complete and varied as Ebrary, since it is thought just to read and print some pages, but it is full of very
recent publications which can help you enrich your autonomous learning and be a good reference to consult
when elaborating your TFG.
- Elsevier / Science Direct. Apart from being one of the most widely used journal
providers, you can find some specialised ebooks. Some of them are a compilation of chapters
written by different authors, which are very similar to articles. Their references are very easy
to export to different formats. We will learn how to to do this In the next unit.
Unit 1. Databases and electronic libraries for English Studies 23
E-BUNED is another platform to read ebooks based on xebook 5 technology. Although you
need to borrow this book from the library for limited time, you can read the book quicky
using "hojear"
5
http://xercode.es/2012/06/18/xebook-citado-en-la-mesa-redonda-los-desafios-de-los-profesionales-
frente-al-libro-digital/
Unit 1. Databases and electronic libraries for English Studies 24
Gutenberg Project 6
It is a very well-known project that has been compiling classic books in English to spread
literature and the love for literature in general on the Internet. Now there are versions in other
languages such as French, Portuguese and Dutch language. It has more than 45.000 ebooks
ready to read. It is very useful to locate first editions of classic books. As you can see in the
image below, the same text can be read in different formats.
Open Library 7 is a library opened to the whole world of Internet in the form of a wiki. Anybody
is invited to share books, either uploading them entirely by scanning all their pages or simply by
offering to lend the book to any other person that might need it.
After reading this, you may wonder what the difference between Guttenberg Project and Open
Library. This quotation give us the answer to this question:
6
http://www.gutenberg.org/
7
https://openlibrary.org/
Unit 1. Databases and electronic libraries for English Studies 25
Project Gutenberg is a place to download and read thousands of free ebooks. Open
Library's goal is to list every book -- whether in-print or out-of-print, available at a bookstore or a
library, scanned or typed in as text. In other words, we provide access to all of Project
Gutenberg's books but we have hundreds of thousands of others as well.
Europeana
It is an open online library which comprises not only books but also multimedia files such
as videos, audios or artworks produced in different European nationalities. It can be useful if you
need to find out cultural and historical documents for your TFG or even in your future research.
Once logged in, you can find a very interesting project of digitalisation, consisting of
transcribing already scanned documents for easy later recovery 8. A great amount of digitalised
manuscripts can also be found http://tinyurl.com/yd9bwjm5 . Each image can be magnified so
that you can perceive some details.
8
https://transcribathon.com/en/
Unit 1. Databases and electronic libraries for English Studies 26
Luminarium 9
It is one of the pioneer "digital libraries" on the Internet specialised in English Studies. It
comprises a complete anthology of work English Literature from Middle Ages to the Restoration
period. It is based on a very detailed set of links for each author. Apart from full-texts, their author's
bibliographies and some essays, you can also find a project called Encyclopaedia, created "to
provide historical contexts for the people, places, and events featured in Luminarium."
iTunes U
Apart from the sites mentioned before, there are other means to obtain e-books and other kinds
of academic works. It is called iTunes U, and it is a product created by Apple. It is a space used
by universities and other institutions related to research and education to share audio and video
files. There, you can find conferences, speeches, talks, etc. delivered by university professors
9
http://www.luminarium.org/
Unit 1. Databases and electronic libraries for English Studies 27
and specialists in different topics. The following screenshot shows a view of one of the last
lectures delivered at Oxford University about Shakespeare and his works. Some of them are e-
books, others are videos, etc.
Visit some other University librariy and look for the electronic sources that they offer to their users.
Try to consult other databases that could be of interest for you (not available at UNED). You can
find below some of them, to begin with:
http://biblioteca.ugr.es/pages/biblioteca_electronica/index (Universidad de Granada)
http://www8.open.ac.uk/library/library-resources (Open University)
http://bib.us.es/nuestras_colecciones/recursos-e/index-ides-idweb.html (Universidad de Sevilla)
http://www.uab.cat/servlet/Satellite/information-resources-1260947893503.html (Universidad
Autnoma de Barcelona)
You can also visit a library near the place where you live. Remember that you can use any of the
public libraries to consult e-documents (if the institution is paying for it). Consider even the
possibility to bring your own computer to the library to download articles to your computer or
transfer them to a memory stick.
All you have to do is look for "full-text" articles, click "download" to save them in your memory
drive.
You may have seen a little orange icon in many web pages and you might wonder what it is for.
If you haven't, try to locate the following image next time you visit newspapers or blogs online.
.
Unit 1. Databases and electronic libraries for English Studies 28
This video will help you understand better the concept of RSS:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0klgLsSxGsU
This is done by adding XML code (Extensible Makeable Language) that readers can use. Readers
are alerted automatically thanks to RSS (Really simple Syndication) technique. The following
graphic summarises the running of these kinds of tools:
Unit 1. Databases and electronic libraries for English Studies 29
Page
updating
user RSS
To read these updatings, you will need to use a tool called aggregator,
although some email applications such as Thunderbird or Outlook already
permit this option. Feedly is an example of the aggregator to receive this
sort of messages. This video shows how to use it:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=No-3uHejTIs
If you click on the icon, you will generate a URL, in this case:
http://rss.proquest.com.ezproxy.uned.es/rss?rss_id=987296 . If you add
the URL generated to a feeds aggregator, you will receive a message
every time something new is published in the journal, blog, magazine you
follow.
Question bank
You do not have to usem them all, but at least knowing that they exist in the case you need them
In the future.
Final questions
- Comment in the forum until what extent you have learnt something useful in this unit.
- Would you use any of the databases and other tools to elaborate your TFG? Which of them?
After this, don't forget to fill up this end of unit questionnaire to improve it in the future.
http://tinyurl.com/hs7d6um
Bibliography
References
technology, (2)
Croft, W. B., Metzler, D., & Strohman, T. (2010). Search engines: Information retrieval in
Dunning, Ted ; Friedman, E. (Ed.). (2014). Time Series Databases: New Ways to Store and
Manning, C. D., Raghavan, P., & Schtze, H. (2008). Introduction to information retrieval.
Lkse, M., Lag, T., Solberg, M., Andreassen, H. N., & Stenersen, M. (2017). Teaching
information literacy in higher education: effective teaching and active learning.
Cambridge (USA).
Ruthve, I., & Kelly, D. (2011). Interactive information seeking behavior and retrieval, 296.
You will find more updated bibliography in the virtual course. This year we will use Mendeley
For a more accurate list of bibliographic reference, visit or Mendeley group, Unit 1 at
https://www.mendeley.com/library/