VOLUME

- It is the amount of space enclosed in a figure.

- It is expressed in cubic centimeters (cm3)

1. Volume of a Rectangular Prism

o Notice that the volume of a solid requires three dimensions: the length, the width
and the height.

The rectangular box is separated

by 24 congruent cubes whose sides
measure 1 unit each. Each cube is one
cubic unit. Looking into it further, the box
or prism has two layers each with 3 by 4
or 12 cubes. Therefore, the volume of the
box is 24 cubic units.
Volume of this solid is (3 x 4) x 2
or V = Area of the Base x Height.

REMEMBER:
The volume of a rectangular prism:
V=lxwxh

Illustrative Example:
Find the volume of a rectangular box given the following dimensions: length = 4.2cm,
width = 3.7cm, and height = 2.5cm.
Solution: Since the area of the rectangle
V =lxwxh (l x w) represents the base of the
= (4.2 x 3.7) x 2.5 rectangular prism/box, 15.54cm2, this
= 15.54cm2 x 2.5 is multiplied to the thickness or h to
= 38.85 cm3 obtain the volume.

2. Volume of a Triangular Prism

o The volume of a triangular prism is also described in terms of area of the base and
height of the prism. This time the base is a triangle, so the area of this base is equal

to .
2

To find the volume of

the triangular prism, multiply
the area of the base and the
length of the prism.

REMEMBER:
The volume of a triangular prism = Area of base x height of prism:

V= =
2

Illustrative Examples
A. Find the volume of a triangular box given that the base has length of 3.4cm and altitude of
3.2cm. The height of the box is 3cm.
 Solution:

=
2
Since the base of a triangular prism is
(3.4)(3.2) a triangle, only half of 10.88 which is
= 3
2
5.44cm2 represents the area. This is then
10.88 multiplied to its height, 3cm, to obtain the
= ( ) 3 volume, 16.32cm3
2

= 5.442 3

= 16.323

B. The volume of a triangular prism is 1440cm3. The base is a right triangle with legs 8 and
15cm is length. Find the height of the prism.

1
Using the same formula V = Bh, 1440 = [(2) (8)(15)]
1440 = 60 h
24 = h

3. Volume of a Pyramid
Given the same base and height, the volume of a pyramid is less than the volume
of a prism.

By using models of glass rectangular

prism in a glass pyramid having altitudes of
equal lengths and square bases of equal areas,
the formula for volume of the pyramid can be
obtained. If the pyramid is filled with water
or sand, and then its content poured into the
prism, only a third of the prism will be filled.

Through the experiment, the volume of a pyramid can be found by multiplying 1/3
the product of the area of its base and its altitude.

REMEMBER:
The volume of a pyramid = Area of base x altitude
1 1
V = ( ) =
2 3

Illustrative Example
Find the volume of a pyramid given a rectangular base which has a length of 9cm,
a width of 8cm, and an altitude of 7cm.

Solution: Since the volume of the prism is equal

V = 1/3 Bh to the area of its base B multiplied by its
1
= 3 (89)7 height, the volume of the pyramid which is
1
= 3 (722 )7 168cm3 is obtained by dividing the base
72cm2 by 3 and multiplied the result by the
= 24 x 7
height 7cm.
= 168cm3
4. Volume of a Cylinder
The volume of a cylinder is
equal to the base multiplied by the
height. Since the base is a circle, then
its area is r2. This is multiplied by the
height represented by h.

REMEMBER:
The volume of a cylinder
V = 2

Illustrative Example:
A metal tube is in the form of a right circular cylinder. The radius of its base is 3cm
and its height is 10cm. find the volume of the metal tube. (Use = 3.14)

Solution: The formula for volume of a cylinder,

V = 2 2
, is related to that of the prism Bh where
= (3.14)(32) x10 r2 is substituted for B. therefore, 28.26cm2 is
= (3.14)(9) x 10 multiplied by the height 10 and results to
= 28.26cm2 x 10 282.6cm3.
= 282.6cm3

5. Volume of a Cone
Like the cylinder, the cone has a circle for its base. The volume of a cone can also
be obtained by using models of cone and cylinder that have bases of equal area and height
of equal length.
The same procedure
for comparing the volume of a
prism and a pyramid is used.
If the cone is filled with water
or sand, and then its content is
poured into the cylinder, only
third of the cylinder will be
filled. This suggests that the
1
volume of the cone is 3 that of
the cylinder.
REMEMBER:
The volume of a cone
1
V = 2
3
Illustrative Example:
Find the volume of the cone whose base has a radius of 3cm and whose height is
6cm.

Solution:
1
V = 3 2
1 1
= 3 (3.14)(32 )(6) Since the volume of the cone is only 3
1
= (3.14)(54) that of the cylinder, (r2)h, 169.56cm3 is
3
1 divided by 3, resulting to 56.52cm3.
= (169.56)
3
= 56.52cm3
 6. Volume of the Sphere
The volume of a sphere is two-thirds the volume of the smallest cylinder that can
contain the sphere.
Using models of the same dimensions, fill the cylinder with water, push the sphere
2
into the cylinder and determine the amount of water displaced. About of the water will
3
2
be displaced, so the volume of the sphere is 3 that of the cylinder.
Thus,
2
V = 3 ( 2 )

2
= 3 ( 2 )(2)

2
= (2 3 )
3

4
= 3 3

Through the experiment, the volume of a sphere is found.

REMEMBER:
The volume of a sphere
4
V = 3 3
Illustrative Example
Find the volume of the given sphere of radius 0.9cm.

Solution:
4
V = 3 3

4
= 3 (0.9)3
Substituting in the formula, the
4
product of and the radius taken as a factor
=( 3 ) (0.729) three times (0.729 cm) is then multiplied by
4
, resulting to 0.972 cm3.
2.916 3
= 3

= 0.972 cm3

TEST YOURSELF
Determine the volume of each solid.
1. A cube whose side is 1.4cm.
2. A square prism with side of base = 4.2cm, height = 6.3cm, height = 79cm.
3. A sphere with radius of 0.8m
4. A rectangular prism with length = 94cm, width = 62cm, height = 79cm
5. A pyramid with a square base: s = 15cm, h = 26cm
6. A cylinder with radius of 36cm and a height of 58cm
7. A sphere with radius of 0.092m
8. A pyramid with a triangular base: b -= 14.5cm, h = 21.6cm, H = 24cm
9. A cube whose side is 33cm
10. A cone with radius of 2.7cm and height of 8cm
11. A cube with 4cm as the length of the sides of the square faces
12. A cylinder with a radius of 6cm and a height of 14cm
 13. A rectangular prism with l = 6cm, w = 3.1cm, h = 4cm
14. A cube whose side measures 1.2cm
15. A cylinder with a radius of 6cm and a height of 14cm
16. A sphere with a radius of 2.4cm
17. A square prism with edges of 8cm
18. A cylinder with a radius of 7cm and a height of 3cm
19. A cone with radius of 0.35cm and a height of 3cm
20. A rectangular prism: l = 9cm, w = 7.2cm, h = 1.5cm

WORD PROBLEMS
1. A rectangular solid measures 10.2cm long, 6cm wide and 5.5cm high. What is its volume?
2. A cylindrical water tank is 2.2m high. If the radius of its base is 0.8m, what is the volume
of the tank?
3. A refrigerator is 2.6m3. If its length is 0.8m and its width is 0.51m, what is its height?
4. Determine the volume of a cylinder whose base is 3.8m2 and whose height is 0.6m.
5. The radius of a ball is 19cm. what is its volume?
6. The base of a triangular prism measures 0.62m in height with a base of 0.68m. If the height
of the prism is 0.75m, what is its volume?
7. What is the difference between the volumes of a cylinder with a radius of 5cm and a height
of 15cm, and a square prism with a side that measures 12cm?
8. A box is 19cm long and 14cm wide. Its height id 6cm. Find the volume of the box.
9. A pyramid has a square base whose side is 3.2m. If the height of the pyramid is 7.4m, what
is its volume?
10. The radius of a ball is 25cm. What is its volume?