wekagka fpfld*Af.

A idys;H ksudK

uf.a l;dj, Mk lshq w;ka ud

h,amek .sh u; nod.;af;lao" ksoyia
u;jdfhla Zhs fidhkak iuyreka ork
;ek .ek uu h fj' uu h,a mek .sh
u; nod.;af;laj;a" Wodiskfhl=j;a
fkdfj'

wekagka fpfld*a

jI 1869 ckjdrs ui 17 jeks k ge.kafrd.a kqjr fuf,dj M<sh gq

fpfld*af.a uq;a;d jy,a f.dfhla h' mshd l=vd fj<o ie<l whs;slrej
isfhah' Tyqf.a <ud h mshdf.a oro~q ks;s;s j,ska fjKq kSri Mlla
h'fndfyda g ish cSjs;fha w;alSa weiqkau l;d f.;+ fpfld*af.a lgql
nd, ld,fha hlre fijke,s fukau ;reK fhys lanr me,a, o Tyqf.a
ksudKhka ;=, h'
fpfld*af.a idys;Hlrefjl= f,i M<sneiafia j;=ysfhl=f.a ,smshla "
fjia uqyqKla " ,smslrefjl=f.a urKh jeks fkd.eUqre Wmydid,dmhka
,sfuks'
f,aLlhd iskafka wruqKla ke;s j ,sh yels wjia:djl fkdf'
hehs mejiQ Tyq miq lf,l yfha jdgqj keue;s fl l;dj rpkd fldg
tjlg reishdf mej;s w;a;fkdau;sl md,kh g t,a, lf<a hl= myrls'
udf.a wruqK iu fkdj tajd ksjerj m%ldY lsuhs
ish rpkd ms<sfj; meye,s l, Tyq jk f,ys meg,S la .eyeg k
wirKhskf
a .a mqj;a ish mEka ;=ka jrKh lf<a w.;shlska f;drjh'
udka l%uisxy m%ldY lrk wdldrh g ish wd.j, yrh iska
yslaujkq ,enQfjl=f.a is;la fjflda*a g ;snqKs' Tyq ukqIHhdf.a IaG;ajh
fukau YsIaG;ajh o ohdkqlmdfjka jrKh lf<a ta ksidfjks'
uelais f.dals m%ldY lrk wdldrh g jvd;a wjHdc iy idfgdamfhka
f;drj ienE f,i j;a ug;a " ,sug;a fpflda*a W;aidy .;af;a h' tu ksid
Tyqg wdfKsl jk oyula yd f,aLK ;shla f.dvke.=Ks' tu ir, ;sh
.eUqre f,i ;h jrKh lrkakla h'
wekagka mf,d fpflda*a f,dalfha fY%aIaG;u fll;dlrejka ;sfokd
w;ka tla wfhla h' wfkla fofokd jkafka" .So fudamidx yd t.d we,ka
fmdah'
 wekagka fpflda*a Wmkafka 1860 ckjd 17 jeksod h' YajoHd,
wOHdmkh ,nk ld,fha wkaf;daId fpfldakaf;a hk wkaj: kdufhka
Tyq mqj;am;a j,g iy ird j,g ydiHckl l;d ,shkak g h'
ka miq fpflda*af.a jvd;a wjOdkh g ,la jQ fll;d m,jkakg h'
Odldr l;d kka m, jQ fl l;d ix.%yh jvd;a je idlPdjg ,la
jQjla h'
fpflda*af.a uyd f,aLlfhl= njg m;a jQfha ikaOHd iufha keue;s
l;d ix.%yh ,su;a iuu h' bka wk;=rej iafgmaia ;Ku k .
L;dj ,su Tyq wdrN lf<ah' th reishdf iNdjH ksudK m, jQ irdjl
m,h' iafgmaia ;Ku fndfyda ixjdohka g uq,a h' we;e pdrlhska lSf
fuu l;dj wruqKlska f;drj " mKsjqvhlska f;drj ysia m%,dmhla njhs'
f,aLlfhl= f,i fld;r lS;su;aj ish o" fpflda*a ;h ms<sn|
l,lsfrka isfhah' Tyqg reishdj yerhdug is;a jQ w;r idys;H jkdlula
we;s tl fma<shlaj;a ;uka w;ska fkd,shjqKq nj Tyq m%ldY lf<ah'
bka wk;=rej Tyq ild,ska m;g .sh w;r tys Uyqg m%shckl
;hla yss h' fuys b;d id:l ksudK ysjkakg jQ w;r tu l;d
fndfydauhla iudch;a " iudc ;h;a " id wdKavqf we;e wdh;k;a
ksoh fpkh g yd Wmydih g yiq lrk je|.;a ksudK nj pdrlfhda
lSy'
f w;ka yfha jdgqj l;dj fnfyka idlPdjg ,la h' th
uquy;a reishdfu Nhxlr ksIamdokhla hehs ie,fla' thg O w:l:k
,enqKq w;r th m%dfoaYSh wdfrda.HYd,dj, ;;a;ajh fy<slrkakla f,i
we;euqka .%y lroa iuyre tu wdfrda.HYd,dj iuia; reishdkq iudcfhau
ixfla;hla hehs lshQy'
Tyqf.a m<.ehd k l;dj o wjOdkhlg fhduq jQjla h'
reishdf by< mx;sfha ;h jia;= Ih fldg.;a fuu l;dj" tu mx;sfha
j,lj,g myr .ikakla h'
;jo fpflda*a ,shQ blgl iQ ksid l;dj o wmQre tlla h'
;uka iskau mkjd .;a iSud nkaOk yd ;yx j,ska fldgq j;ajk
p;hla fuu l;dfjka ksrEmKh flf' tu .%yh wjidkfha fpflda*a
ksoyi ms<sn| ish w:l:kh m%lg lrhs' foaYmd,ksl ksoyi fukau mqoa.,hd
;=< mj;akd ;Hd u; yd mdrml foaj,a j,ska ksoyia u wjYH nj Tyq
lshhs'
idys;H pdrh inkaOfhka o Tyq .eUqre isoaOdka;j, msysg fkdme;S h'
uu ksudK yeu tllau fofldgilg fno' jvd;a leu;s lD;Ska tla
me;a;lg;a wlue;s lD;Ska ;j;a me;a;lg;a hk f,isks' f ye rug
fjk;a pdr l%uhla ke;'
Tyq lSfh'
 idys;H ksudK ;sh inkaOfhka o fpflda*ag wdfKsl wmQre
ksudK ixl,am mej;=Ks' Tyq ksudK lf<a ;ukaf.au w;alS wdY%fhks' tajd
fndfyda g tfkod ;fha ir< is h' wkjYH foaj,a lmd yer W;
foaj,a muKla rpkd l< w;r ueoy;a njlska hq;=j rpkd lrkakg h' ;u
ni" ix.S;uh NdIdjla lr .ekSug wjYH nj Tyq lSfh' fpflda*af.a fuu
idys;H niska ,shQ .oH LdKav Tyq ,shQ reishdkq NdIdf b;d iqkaor yeS
okjk .oH LdKav nj pdrlhskaf.a ms<s.ekSu h'
mdi,a fha isgu kdgH ne,Sug fnfyka ms%h l< fpflda*a kdgH
lsysmhlau ksIamdokh lf<ah'

fpj;a; ( The Cherry Orchard )

jdkahd udud ( Uncle Vanya )
uqqyq <sysKshd ( The Seagull )
fidfydhqhka ;sfokd ( Three Sisters )
bjfkda (Ivanov )

tu kdgH myhs' Tyqf.a fulS kdgH w;sYhskau ma,jjd tajd f,i ie,fla' Bg
fya;=j tjlg mej;s idm%odhsl kdgH ;sh fpflda*a iska m%pKav f,i
W,a,x>kh lsu hs' fpflda*af.a wjidk kdgHh fukau YsIaGu lD;sh f,i o
ie<flkafka fpj;a;hs ' wNdjhg hk jevji l%uh yd keS tk jdKsc
w: l%uh ;=< ksiqkaf.a p;h o" flfuka mKduhg m;a jQ iudcho
fpflda*a fpj;a; yryd kso olshs'
ild,ska mf;a isg kej; reishdjg tk .ufka fpflda*a ,xldjg o
f.dv neiafiah' ta 1890 fkdjen 12 jeksodh' fpflda*a ,xldf k;r jQfha
fld<U jrdhg uqyqK,d msys j;udkfha ;efm%dfka kka y|qkajk
Thkag,a fydag,fha h'
fpflda*a ,xldf Thkag,a fydag,fha k;rj ish .=fi k
l;dj ,shkakg mgka.;af;a h' ta i|yd Tyq fmd<Tjkq ,enqf kef gq
oYkhls' tu .ufka isx.mamQrej imfha frda.S u.Ska fofofkl= kef
h .shy' miqj Tjqkaf.a isrere frlvj,ska T;d uqyqog islrk ,' th gq
Tyq" wmg o urKh w;ajk nj is;ka Tyq iska fuu l;dj rpkd lrkakg
h'
fpflda*a fndfyda ldka;djka iu ;%
inkaO;d mj;ajdf.k .sho jhi y;,sy
jk;=re jdy ug fkdis;=fh' jhi y;,sfya
Tyq l,la weiqre l< T,a.d lakSm k
m%lg ks<sh iu wm%isoafha jdy h' ta 1901
uehs 25 jeksod h' T,a.d iu fpflda*a .;l<
;h i;=ka f. .sh w;r Tyqg we;sjQ widOH
frda.S ;;a;ajh u; 1904 cQ,s 02 jk k ta
wiydh l,dlrejd i|ygu oEia mshd.kakg h'