As an Indian and a youth, it is my pleasure and very proud to share again about most of the

unknown facts of "Our Founding Father Of Modern India" - REVOLUTIONARY DR.

BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR.

*) Prof. Amartya Sen, 6th Indian to get Prestigious Nobel Prize winning economist claimed, "Dr.
Ambedkar is my Father in Economics"

*) Hindu Code Bill:

Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar resigned from the post of the first Law Minister of India when his noble
'Hindu Code Bill' a women's Rights for Indian Women dropped by then Prime Minister Nehru. But
None of the womens organisation talks about it. The contribution of Dr.Babasaheb for women
empowerment in India is totally ignored and hiding. For three years, he fought to get the Bill
passed.
It was the greatest ever social reform in India. It is nothing but declaration of women rights. It spoke
of giving back dignity to Indian women and giving equal rights to men and women. They are Rights
to property, Order of succession to property, marriage, divorce, guardianship. It was by any time a
revolutionary measure and first step towards the recognition and empowerment of women in India.
By these a women will have property in her own right and able to dispose of her property. The
orthodoxy in the ruling party led by Shyama Prasad Mukherjee didnt allow this bill to be passed.
Even the women member Sarojani against for these women rights.

*) As a Labour Member of the Viceroys Executive Council between 1942 and 1946, Dr.Babasaheb
Ambedkar framed many laws for Women labour's in India. They are,

a. Mines Maternity Benefit Act,

b. Women Labour welfare fund,

c. Women and Child, Labour Protection Act,

d. Maternity Benefit for women Labour,

e. Restoration of Ban on Employment of Women on Underground work in Coal Mines,

f. Equal pay for equal work irrespective of the sex.

While drafting the Indian Constitution, Dr. Babasaheb played major contribution for embodied the
Article 39(d) relates the state to strive for securing equal pay for equal work of both men and
women in the Part IV of the directive principles of the State Policy.

*) Finance Commission of India and its reports: The original source of reference for all the Finance
Commission of India reports in a way, are based on Dr. Babasahebs Ph.d thesis, "The Evolution of
Provincial Finance in British India", written in 1923. The man who started the provision for finance
commission every 5 years in the Indian Constitution was none other than Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar.

*) Reserve Bank of India:

The Reserve Bank of India was conceptualized based on the guidelines presented by Dr. Babasaheb
to the Hilton Young Commission in 1925. His Ph.D thesis, "The Problem of the Rupee- Its
Problems and Its Solution was the reference tool and guidelines for the RBI Act 1934.
*) Thoughts on Linguistic States: Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar book, "Thoughts on Linguistic States",
was written in 1955. His ideas were proved right and his assessment of the creation of new states in
the federal polity is relevant in post-Independent India. Dr.Babasaheb seemed to have solutions to
all such problems. Dr. Babasaheb had recommended to the States Reorganisation Commission in
1955 for the division of Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh.
Further, he envisaged the division of Uttar Pradesh into three States (Western, Central and Eastern);
Bihar split into two, with Patna and Ranchi as the capitals. (North and South or present Jharkhand);
Madhya Pradesh into two (Northern and Southern); and Maharashtra into three (Western,Central
and Eastern). One of his major proposals was to make Hyderabad the second capital of India
because of the centrality of location, as a junction of North and South, and on defence
considerations. After almost 45 years both states Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand were formed in the
year 2000. Now Telangana state in 2014.

*) As a Labour leader and Lobour Member of the Viceroys Executive Council between 1942 and
1946, Dr.Babasaheb framed many laws for labours in India. They are,

1) Reduction in Factory Working Hours (8 hours duty):Today the working hours in India per day is
about 8 hours. Really I do not know how many Indians know, Dr.Babasaheb was the Saviour of
Labours in India. He brought 8 hours duty in India and change the working time from 12 hours to 8
hours became a light for workers in India. He brought it on the 7th session of Indian Labour
Conference in New Delhi, November 27, 1942.
The Indian Labour Conference, consisting of the representatives of Central and Provincial
Governments, important states and employers and workers organisations unanimously supported
the principle of the 48-hour week in India's factories at its meeting.

2) Tripartite Labour Conference:

On August 7, 1942 he called for the Tripartite Labour Conference in New Delhi. The objects were
namely, the laying down of a procedure for the settlement of industrial disputes and the discussion
of all matters of All-India importance as between Labour and Capital. The great achievement of the
Tripartite Conference is the fundamental change it has brought about in the outlook of Government
and of Employers and of Employees on labour problems, Establishment of Employment Exchanges,
and Collection of Statistics under the Industrial Statistics Act.

The Text of speech of Dr. Babasaheb,"I do claim credit for the Tripartite Labour Conference, that, if
we have done nothing more, we have at least done one thing, namely, to induce, if not to compel,
the representatives of employees to meet the representatives of employers and discuss matters of the
utmost and gravest importance."

3) Industrial Disputes:
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar was instrumental in set up the two bodies 1) Plenary Conference, and 2)
Standing Advisory Committee to discuss industrial problems of Labour Welfare both in their
legislative and administrative aspects and also to advise the Government of India as to the most
satisfactory line of action in dealing with those problems.

5) Compulsory Recognition of Trade Unions:Indian Trade Unions Act was enacted in 1926. This act
helped only to register the trade unions, not approved by the government. On 8 November, 1943 he
brought the Indian Trade Unions (Amendment) Bill for compulsory recognition of trade unions. The
Bill had three important features. They are to compel an employer to recognise a trade union, to
imposes certain conditions on a trade union in order to make the trade union, to make non-
recognition by an employer of a trade union, which has observed all the conditions prescribed in
this measure and which has therefore qualified itself for recognition, an offence which is made
punishable by law. 6) Employment Exchange in India:
Dr.Babasaheb was instrumental in bringing the establishment of employment exchanges. The
Employment Exchanges was set up to helped the resettlement and employment of demobilised
Services personnel and discharged war workers during the transition period. It also helped the
mutual benefit to employers and employment-seekers and will ensure satisfactory distribution of
manpower among various branches of production.

7) Employees State Insurance (ESI):ESI helps the workers with medical care, medical leave,
physically disabled during working injuries as compensation Insurance for providing various
facilities. Dr.Babasaheb enacted and brought it for the benefit of workers. Actually India only
brought Insurance Act as the first nation among the East Asian countries. Credit goes to
Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar.

8 ) Finance Commission of India and its reports: The original source of reference for all the Finance
Commission of India reports in a way, are based on Dr. Babasahebs Ph.d thesis, "The Evolution of
Provincial Finance in British India", written in 1923. The man who started the provision for finance
commission every 5 years in the Indian Constitution was none other than Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar.

9) Reserve Bank of India:The Reserve Bank of India was conceptualized based on the guidelines
presented by Dr. Babasaheb to the Hilton Young Commission in 1925. His Ph.D thesis, "The
Problem of the Rupee- Its Problems and Its Solution was the reference tool and guidelines for the
RBI Act 1934.

10) Minimum Wages:For fixing minimum wages for labour, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar was
instrumental in drafting legislation on November 28, 1942.

11) Coal and Mica Mines Provident Fund:

* At the time, Coal Industry played a vital role in our countrys economy. Due to this, Dr.Babasaheb
enacted the Coal Mines Safety (Stowing) Amendment Bill for the benefit of the workers on January
31st, 1944.

* On 8th April 1945, he brought the Mica Mines Labour Welfare Fund which helped the workers
with housing, water supplies, education, entertainment, improvement of educational facilities and
standards of living among the workers, including nutrition, amelioration of social conditions and the
provision of recreation and transport facilities, the improvement of public health and sanitation, the
prevention of disease, the provision of medical facilities.

12) Post-war Development of Electric Power in India:For the problems relating to the post-war
development, Lord Linlithgow was set up the Reconstruction Committee of Council under the
chairmanship of J. P. Srivastava. The Reconstruction Committee of Council was set up five different
Reconstruction Committees. Among these committee, (Reconstruction Policy Committee) Public
Works and Electric Power was under the chairmanship of Dr. Babasaheb. Problems relating to the
post-war development of electric power in India were discussed by the Reconstruction Policy
Committee. This Committee studied the problems connected with electric power and to make a
recommendation as to the best way of solving them.

Dr. Babasaheb emphasized that the country needed cheap and abundant electricity, without which
no effort for industrialization could succeed and development of irrigation and electric power were
essential to raise agricultural productivity.
Dr. Babasaheb was instrumental in creating the department of power and advocated autonomous
state electricity boards. He was also of the opinion that the central government should have the
option to participate directly in the production and supply of electricity. In the early 1980s the
concept of regional grids which was suggested by Dr. Babasaheb, was being extended to the
creation of national 'Grid System'. His initiatives subsequently led to the creation of a Power Supply
Department at the Centre.

On October 25, 1943 at New Delhi he said, "I emphasise these considerations because what India
wants is an assured supply of power, cheap power and abundant power." He added electricity
should be a purely provincial subject. Further, "I make a few observations pointing out the
significance of and the ultimate objective that lies behind the need for electrical development in
India ? It is necessary that those who are placed in charge of the subject should have the fullest
realisation of its significance and its objective. If you agree with me in this I will request you to ask
yourselves the question, ' Why do we want cheap and abundant electricity in India ? ' The answer is
that without cheap an abundant electricity no effort for the industrialisation of India can succeed.
This answer brings out only a part of the significance of the work this Committee has to undertake."

13) Indian Statistical Law:In 1942, Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar passed the Indian Statistical Act. Later
DK.Paisendry ( Former Deputy Principal, Information Officer, Government of India) said in his
book, without Dr. Babasahebs Indian Statistical Act he could not formulated the Labor conditions,
their wage rates, other Income, Inflation, debt, housing, employment, deposits and other funds,
labour disputes.

14) Labour Welfare Funds:Dr.Babasaheb set up an Advisory Committee to advise on matters arising
out of the Labour Welfare under B.P. Agarkar. Later he promulgated it on January, 1944.

15) Technical Training Scheme and Skilled Workers: He was instrumental in set up the best
Technical Training Scheme for Workers in India. On August 24, 1944 in Calcutta, " No plan for the
future development of the country can be deemed to be complete which does not provide for
technical and scientific training. This is the age of Machine and it is only those countries in which
technical and scientific training has risen to the highest pitch that will survive in the struggle that
will commence when the war is over, for maintaining decent standards of living for their people.
The Technical Training Scheme not only maintained but extended all over the country and become a
permanent part of the country's educational system".

16) Foundation for Water resources and Electricity development in India : Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar
laid the foundation for water resources and electricity development, the two sectors which are so
crucial for the development of India when he was Member, Labour, Irrigation and Electric Power
Department in the Executive Council of the Viceroy during 1942- 1946. His major achievement was
the establishment of two technical organizations, presently known as Central Water Commission
and Central Electricity Authority, that have contributed for the development of irrigation and
power in the country.
The proposal for creation of Central Irrigation, Waterways Advisory Board was approved by
Dr.Babasaheb in September 1944. Subsequently, it became Central Waterways, Irrigation, and
Navigation Commission (CWINC) and was approved by Dr.Babasaheb in April 1945. It became
Central Water Power, Irrigation and Navigation Commission (CWPINC) on 16th January 1948 and
subsequently it became Central Water and Power Commission (CWPC) in April 1951. It was
bifurcated into Central Water Commission and Central Electricity Authority in October 1974.
He only created the Central Technical Power Board (CTPB) on 8th November 1944 for power
system development, hydro power station sites, hydro-electric surveys, analysing problems of
electricity generation and thermal power station investigation which was subsequently merged with
CWPINC and became Central Water and Power Commission (CWPC) in April 1951.
He laid the foundation for the development of infrastructure in India such as electric power,
irrigation, communication, roads and transport services and technical manpower were treated as
prerequisites for industrial and agricultural development. He suggested interlinking of major south
Indian rivers. He was man of Vision and foresight. While drafting the constitution of India, he has
not put water resources and management entirely in the state list but he had concluded this subject
under the provision of central control.

17) Instrumental in creating the Multi Purpose River Valley Projects and Large Dam Technologies
in India:
Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar who was the Instrumental in creating the Multi Purpose River Valley
Projects and Large Dam Technologies in India. If there any person who played the most central role
in introducing large dam technologies and Multi Purpose Projects into India, the person was none
other than Revolutionary Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar. According to Petty minded Indians,
Dr.Babasaheb is mostly related only with two things. One is Architect of Indian Constitution and
other as the leader of some particular section. But Founding Father of Modern India who
contributed in the various field to our nation is totally ignored and hiding.

After all how many Indians know Dr.Babasaheb was instrumental in creating and outlined the
projects like,
1) Damodar Valley project ( the first multipurpose river valley project in India ) in 1944 on the lines
of Tennessee Valley Authority,

2) Bhakra-Nangal dam ( India's biggest multipurpose river valley project, Highest gravity dam in
India ),

3) The Sone River Valley projects and

4) Hirakud dam ( Longest dam in India )

Babasaheb introduced the idea of establishment of Multipurpose river projects in India who was
influenced on the lines of Tennessee Valley project. He was the 1st person in India has make effort
for the establishment of Damodar Valley project. He was the pioneer of Multipurpose river projects
in India.

a) Damodar Valley project: Damodar valley is know as 'Sorrow of Bengal' because of the problems
of flooding. To tackle the problem Babasaheb had entrusted the work of planning and designing to
Central Power Board set up the machinery and directed the planners, engineers who executive the
plan prepared under his guidence. Till 1946, the responsibility for the Damodar Valley project was
under Babasaheb. Afterwards the entire work for the dam was given over to Damodar Development
Corporation.

Here I just extract the address speech of Dr.Babasaheb before the representatives of Bengal and
Bihar Governments at a Conference held in Calcutta on January 3 , 1944 to discuss the means and
methods for developing Damodar Valley as a Member, Labour, Irrigation and Electric Power
Department in the Executive Council of the Viceroy. He said, "The Damodar project must be a
multi-purpose project. We intend that it should not only deal with the problem caused by floods, it
should also provide for irrigation, electricity and navigation. Along with the question of a site, these
matters have also to be examined."
On April 23 and 24, 1945 at New Delhi under the Chairmanship of the Dr. Babasaheb, it was Rs. 55
crores recommended to Damodar River Project for starting immediately the construction of the first
dam (at Tilaiya). After considering the reports of the central Technical Power Board and the advice
of the Tennessee Valley Authority engineers, Ross Reigel and Fred C. Schlemmer, and their
associates, Rai Bahadur A. N. Khosia and Mr. M. Narasimhaiya, Chief Engineer, Mysore State, the
conference was convinced-of the advisability of pushing forward as rapidly as possible the scheme
as a whole. It has accepted the proposal that the dams across the Barakar, tributary of the Damodar,
should be at Tilaiya (near Kodarma) and at Maithon, just above its confluence with the main river.

b) Multi-purpose Plan for Development of Orissa's Rivers:In 1945, the plan outlined under the
chairmanship of Dr.Babasaheb, it was decided to invest in the potential benefits of controlling
Odisha rivers particularly Mahanadi for the multipurpose use to conserve water, serve irrigation,
generating electric power etc., Mr.B.K. Gokhale, Adviser, the then H. E. to the Governor of Orissa,
welcoming the plan outlined by Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar to invest in the potential benefits of
controlling Odisha rivers particularly Mahanadi for the multipurpose use to conserve water, serve
irrigation, generating electric power etc., and said: " Orissa is perhaps the most backward part of
India and no single project is likely to do more to improve the conditions of the people than the
multipurpose development which we have under contemplation. He outlined the history of Orissa
up to modern times. Orissa expected that the thought which had been given to planning and regional
development would start her on an era of happiness and prosperity."

c) Bhakra Dam project:A major initiative was taken by Dr.Babasaheb when he was member in-
charge of irrigation and power during 1942-46 to take concrete steps to see that the Bhakra Dam
project should be taken up on priority. An expert from the United States Bureau of Reclamation in
1944 was invited, who after examining the feasibility report recommended that the dam site was
suitable for the construction of a dam with maximum reservoir level at 487.68m and suggested
further exploration for foundation and abutments. This work was carried out during 1945-46, while
Dr.Babasaheb was the Member of Irrigation of the Viceroys Council.

18) Dearness Allowance (DA)

19) Holidays with Pay for Factory Workers

20) Health Insurance for Industrial Workers

21) The Legal Strike.

22) Provident Fund Act.

23) Revision of Scale of Pay for Employees.

Dr.Babasaheb believe that caste is not merely the division of labour but division of labourers based
upon the graded inequality. Further in his Annihilation of Caste, Volume - I, Dr.Babasaheb
Ambedkar Writing and Speeches, In no other country is the division of labour accompanied by
this gradation of labourers. There is also a third point of criticism against this view of the Caste
System. This division of labour is not spontaneous; it is not based on natural aptitudes. Social and
individual efficiency requires us to develop the capacity of an individual to the point of competency
to choose and to make his own career. This principle is violated in the Caste System in so far as it
involves an attempt to appoint tasks to individuals in advance, selected not on the basis of trained
original capacities, but on that of the social status of the parents. Looked at from another point of
view this stratification of occupations which is the result of the Caste System is positively
pernicious. Industry is never static. It undergoes rapid and abrupt changes. With such changes an
individual must be free to change his occupation. Without such freedom to adjust himself to
changing circumstances it would be impossible for him to gain his livelihood. Now the Caste
System will not allow Hindus to take to occupations where they are wanted if they do not belong to
them by heredity. If a Hindu is seen to starve rather than take to new occupations not assigned to his
Caste, the reason is to be found in the Caste System. By not permitting readjustment of occupations,
caste becomes a direct cause of much of the unemployment we see in the country. As a form of
division of labour the Caste system suffers from another serious defect. The division of labour
brought about by the Caste System is not a division based on choice. Individual sentiment,
individual preference has no place in it. It is based on the dogma of predestination.

The speech delivered by Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar, Member for Labour, at the first session of the
Plenary Labour Conference in New Delhi, Monday, September 6 1944:"It will not be enough to
make industrial development of India as our goal. We shall have to agree that any such industrial
development shall be maintained at a socially desirable level. It will not be enough to bend our
energies for the production of more wealth in India. We shall have to agree not merely to recognise
the basic right of all Indians to share in that wealth as a means for a decent and dignified existence
but to devise ways and means to insure him against insecurity."

It is my humble request to those who read it all, please share to everyone. Again I hope it will
change in the minds of Indians soon and broad their knowledge about him.