Index

bucket 56 sizing storage for 35 ester) 32,4647

Builders Greywater Guide 124 disinfection 11 footings for 49
building department 52 byproducts 10,12 eld capacity 15,16
bulkhead tting 45,87 decay 12 ll 48,60
buried storage 31,38,44,47,49,65,74 dissolved oxygen.See oxygen llet 92
A collapse of 32 distribution system 10 ltration 10,66,124
access (tank) 9,53,55,56,57,109 burning brush 79 diversions 23,25,83,85 re 1,2,124
form for 102 dobies 108,113 department 52
hatch 117 C size 115 ghting 52,7881
lockable 52 calcium, precipitation 11 drain 5862 hoses 1,7989
pressure-tight 56 capillary connection 16 capped 59,60 hydrant 2,35,52,55,73,79,80,81,83
sealing 52 cedar 45 center 111 reserve 34,56
Acrylonitrile Butiadene Styrene (ABS) cement 6 combined with outlet 45,58,60 resistant storage 7789
94 cement mixer 108 construction details 61,109 safety 21
ac (acre) 90 cheap and easy 8 extension 71 sprinklers 2,8089,89
additives 39 check valve.See valves, check for buried tanks 31 trucks 8189
aerator.See inlet aerator chicken wire 117 for pond 24,25 sh 21,22,24
aesthetics 31 chlorination 9,10,12,27,67,76 in wood tank 45 in ponds 26
afy (acre-feet per year) 90 cigar shape 32 location 5965 nuisance 27
agricultural chemicals 23 circumference of a circle 90 low tech 61 oating solids 8,62
air, displaced 8 claried septic efuent 10 options 61 oat (level indicator) 6989
airlock 9 clay (material for storage) 22,44 retrot oat switch 71
air gap 55 clear tube (as level indicator) 7089 plastic tank 6065 oat valve.See valve, oat
air pressure level gauge 7089 climate 20 steel tank 58,59 ooding 2,24,25,53
air vent.See vent, air cold joints (in concrete) 107 size 62 hazard 52
alarm 35,71 coliforms.See bacteria sump 6065,104 plains 21
algae 9,22,27,65,76 coliscan plate 11 drainage 48 reduction 16
aluminum 43 color coat 106 dredging 27 oor 4849,55
animal droppings 9 combined drain/outlet.See drain, com- drinking water 7,88 concrete 38
anti-seep collars 25 bined with outlet emergency 76 conical 92,112
apartment 8889 components seperate system 6 construction 105,109
appropriate technology 3 overview 28 drought 19 dished 92,112
aquaculture 21,23 spreadsheet 28 drowning hazard 9,27,53 nishing 116
aquatic plants 21,27 compound curves.See curves, com- drums 6,50,76,89 exible 91
aquifers 1620,76,88 pound options 61
artesian 18 compression force 92,93 E pouring 115116
conned 18 concrete 11,22,32,44 earthquake 2,35,53,7789,89 pumping 115
contamination 17 y ash in 39 earthquake loads 91 shape innovations 112
ssured 18 forms 96107 ecological design.See design, ecologi- slab 113,115
gravity 18 conduction 54 cal sloped 60
high 22 conning layers 18 economics.See cost stiff 91
increasing water in 1920 conical oor.See oor, conical Eden 88 strain 49
injection wells 19 conjunctive use 19 electricity 1 Thai jar 97107
overdrafting 19,83 conservation dependence 89 ow.See water/ow
perched 18,83 in emergency 35 electric heater 74 foam injection 36,79,8189
protecting quality 20 contact time 12 electrolytic corrosion 42,43 footings 4849,102107
recharge 7,19,21 contamination.See toxins electronic level indicator 7089 Thai jar 96107
saltwater intrusion 18,19,20 context 3,14,95 embankment 26 forms.See concrete, forms
subartesian 18 convection 54 emergency fossil fuels 3
types 18 conversions 90 reserve 35,52,56,73 foundation.See footings
architectural guidelines 52 copper 4243 storage 7589 fountain
area, formulas for 90 pipe 54 energy hydroelectric 29
Arizona desert 88 corks 62 consumption 6 freeze protection 1,2,7375
armature (for ferrocement) corrosion.See rust thermal 2 by burial 31
95,107,114,117 cost 5,8,16,22,24,27,5051 engineers stamp 52 pond depth 24
atm (atmosphere) 90 ponds 21 engineering 53,77 frost heave 32,91
attrition (of pathogens) 2,10,11 really cheap storage 50 EPDM 22,23,24,46,94 ft3/sec (cubic feet per second) 90
cost-benet 4 epoxy-coated rebar 57 fungicides 39
B Costa Rica 88 epoxy-coated steel 47,94
bacteria 5,9.See also pathogens CPVC 54 erosion 24 G
anaerobic 10 craysh 27 Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer. gallons per inch 7089
a health problem? 11 Create an Oasis with Greywater 124 See EPDM galvanized steel 8,4142,56
fecal 7 creeks 14,18 Evans, Ianto 13 corrosion.See rust
indicator 13 creek direct.See source direct evaporation 2,16,20,23,2324,27 welded tank 64
bacteria, benecial 72 critter-proong 8,50,63,64,65 swimming pool 27 with plastic membrane 4748
bacterial regrowth 11,12,76 crud 8 evaportranspiration, vs precipitation galvanizing paint 56
baked enamel.See porcelain-bonded Cuba 54,58 20 gal (gallon) 90
carbon steel curing 96 excavation 101107 Gambusia.See mosquito sh
ball valve.See valves, ball too fast 100 expanded metal lath 92,113,114,117 garden hose 79
bathing 7 curves 71 gasoline 78
bathtubs 7 compound 93,116,117 F gasses, disolved 11
beavers 27 simple 93 failure 8 gate valves.See valves, gate
bedrock, ssured cut 48 fecal matter 11,12.See also bacteria, generator 79
and ponds 23 pathogens geology 18
bending force 91,92,93 D fences 78 glass 39
bentonite clay 24,61,109 dams 20 ferrocement tanks 41,57 glass reinforced polyester (GRP).
biological hazards.See pathogens dead storage 55 construction 95120 See berglass (glass ber-rein-
birds 22 decorative ponds 75 experimental improvements 96 forced polyester)
bisphenol-A 94 deocculation 10 forms for 96 goals 1,4,5
boilers 11 demand.See water heavy-duty 107120 goat bladders 4850
bore.See wells design light-duty 101103 gpm (gallons per minute) 90
Branched Drain Greywater Systems contexts 6 medium-duty 104 grading 105
124 ecological 3 skill required 95107 gravel (as footing) 48
brass 41,42 life 7 spherical 96 gravity
brass ttings 56,114 principles 38 tank shape 38 ow 29,55,66
break pressure tanks 54 trade-offs 4 ultra-light-duty 100101 loads 91
brick (tank material) 44 disaster 1 berglass (glass ber-reinforced poly- gravity ow water systems 120

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Greenpeace 45 lead 39 odor 12 runoff harvesting 21,22
greywater based paint 9 organic mater 9 shape 24
storage 6 glaze 44 outlet 9,12,35,56 size 24
greywater systems leaks 9,23,27,56,61,68 curves 71 storage 21,22,23
for runoff harvesting 16 in wood tanks 45 oat 68 turn over 24
grid 111 leather 4850 for pond 24 types 21
groundwater.See aquifers legal requirements 1,2,5,52,67 screen 68 wall slope 24
gauge.See pressure gauge reghting 36,78 overow 9,25,52,55,6265,71,73 weeds 24
gutters 42,65,80 levees 22,24,25 critical 64 Popocatepetl 93
construction 25 for pond 24 population 7
H cross section 26 line 63 pot growers 51
hardness 12 level indicators 6971 size 62 power outage 35
hardware cloth 92,114,117 lexan.See polycarbonate/ lexan (PC uncontrolled 9 pressure 6,8,29,36,91
hazards 5253 #7-other) oxygen 67 for different applications 30
biological.See pathogens liability 5,21,53 for sh 26 gauge 66
liability.See liability lid 9 ozonation 2,10,71,76 as remote level indicator 7089
ha (hectare) 90 removable 27 inward, from burial 32
HDPE 46,76 lifestyle accommodation 4 P loss in tank 33
cast into masonry 61 lightning 77 paint 12 low 29
taste 46 lights 115 reective 65 maximum 29
toxicity/leaching 46 lime 12 with zinc 41 spike 69
health department 52 livestock 7,21,24,26 pallet wrap 108 switch 71
heating loads.See structural loads pasteurization 10,11 tanks 29,30,38,54
effects 1011 locks 78 pathogens 10,12,13,53,72.See al- very low 8788
heat loss 54 long-term storage 76 so bacteria Principles of Ecological Design 124
high density polyethylene.See HDPE Los Angeles 89 pebble tech 27 progress, true 3
hilltops 31 Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE perched aquifer 18 psi (pounds per square inch) 90
hog-ring pliers 107 #4) 94 perfectionism 109 pump 30,56,88,89
pnuematic 107,117 low pressure.See pressure, low performance standard 4,5 buried tanks 31
homeowners association 52 lpm (liters per minute) 90 ination 4 for re 79
hoops 113 L (liter) 90 permeation 11,53,76,7889 for pressure tank 54
spacing 114 permit.See legal requirements pumping 1,2,3,6,15,19,20
stress 9296,113 M pesticides 13 downhill (pet peeve) 32
hot springs 54 m3/day (cubic meters per day) 90 in aquifers 18 energy use 30
drain 62 m3 (cubic meter) 90 PETE.See Polyethylene Terephthalate pump control 71
hot tubs 75,81 manganese 67 (PETE or PET #1) purication.See treatment
hot water storage 54,75 manhole.See access (tank) pH 12,26 PVC 8,45,46,51
Huehuecoyotl Eco Village 11,16,25,83 marine plywood 45 pipe 29 in sunlight 9,39
84 market culture 3,5 abandoned 12 pipe 14
hurricanes 2,7789 Maruata 1618 nipples 8
hydrant.See re hydrant masonry 60 size 1 R
hydroelectric 14,16,8384 masonry in and over plastic 47 supply raccoons 76
battery 2 materials 28,3948 size 32 radial with hoops 111,116
pressure for 29 efciency 36,38 wrap 109 radio links 29,71
hydrogen sulde 67 toxicity 12 planes 93 rainwater 7,27,76
to avoid 39 plants.See irrigation cistern under an ofce 64
I membrane 92 plaster 113 fate of 15
ice-skating 21 meter 66 color 119 gutters.See gutters
ice loads 91 Mexico 83,93 curing 119 harvesting 12,72,83,88,96
indoor supply plumbing microclimate 21,74 in tension 92 Huehuecoyotl 83
copper 42 mold.See concrete, forms mixer 108,118 tank for 101
inltration 15 mold-release agents 39 plasticizers 39 inltration 16
basins 7,19,21 mosquito plastics 65 Rainwater Catchment Systems for Do-
coefcient 19 screened 55 American Plastic Council 45 mestic Supply (book) 120
galley 87 mosquitoes 9,22,27,52,63,65 health & ecological issues 94 Rainwater Harvesting & Runoff Manage-
inlet 12,55,5556,58 sh 27,124 membranes, coatings and blad- ment 7,15,19,21,50,84,124.See
aerator 10,67 trap 52 ders 48 also runoff
combined with outlet 6667,67 multiple tanks 7,72 tanks rats 9,65,76
diffuser 6768 plumbing options 73 drain retrot 6065 rebar 92,113
oat 73 muskrats 25,27 footings for 49 hickey 107
oat valve.See valves, oat m (meter) 90 tank material 4546 joining 114
hidden 104 tank shape 38 overlap 114
in roof 56 N taste 46,76 spacing and size 92
welded 56 Nalgene bottles 94 plumbing 11 welding 114
insulation 74 National Drinking Water Clearing- code 52 recycling 8
insurance 52 house 120 for easy changes 8 redwood 27,45,77,92
Intermediate Technology Development National Fire Protection Association point loads 91.See loads, point red cedar 39
Group 96,101 120 polyamide epoxy.See epoxy regulations i
iron 12,67 National Testing Laboratories 120 Polycarbonate/ Lexan (PC #7-other) reliability 8
irrigation 6,7,16 natural pools 27 76,94 repair 8
covering peaks 34 natural resources polyethylene 54 reserve.See emergency, reserve
drip 7 waste 33 septic tanks 32 resource use 3
storage in soil for 1516 natural swimming pools 120 Polyethylene Terephthalate (PETE or riprap 25
New York City 8889 PET #1) 46,76,94 river 81
K Nil 102 Polypropylene (PP #5) 94 rocks 11
Kemnitzer, Paul 107,120 nitrates 20,23 ponds 2027,81 tank shape 38
kitchen sinks 30 non-modulating oat valve 120 clay core 25 rock and mortar.See stone tanks
kPa (kilopascal) 90 NSF 61 certied 39,46,47 combination 22 roofs 50,116117
cement 41 cost 25 cave-in 118
L sealers 41 depth 24 center pole 117
ladder 9,53,56,57 NTU 90 duck 6 conical 38,50,57,92
built-in 117 nutrients embankment 22 domed 38,50,91,92,93,116
Lake Cachuma 24 and algae 27 excavated 22 construction 102107
landslides 31,53 in water 65 failure 22,25 at 50
lath.See expanded metal lath liners 24 grid 117
laundry 7,75 O living 21,22 hexagonal 50
leaching.See toxins, leaching oak 45 locating 21 water harvesting 50

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roots 49,7789 tank shape 38 U Willard 107
as pumps 15 Stinson Beach 15 ultraviolet light 10 wind.See hurricanes
rope 53 stone tanks 43 underground river 1718 wind loads 91
runoff 7,15,20,21,23,25,56,83 storage ponds.See ponds, storage union 56 wings (for rain harvesting) 116
rust 41,48,58,63 stress units.See measurements wood (tank material) 45
uniform 93
S structural loads 53,9193,9196 V Y
sacred spots 31 buried 31 vacuum breaker 25 yucca stalk 61
safety factor 92 collapse 53 valves
salt considerations 9193 ball 62 Z
ushing 7 efciency 36 check 55,56,63 zinc 42
sand point 116 oat 55,66,71 zoning 52
lter 72,86 stucco.See plaster gate 69
silica 119 subsurface irrigation.See irrigation/ shut-off 55,56,61
sand lters 120 subsurface vandalism 78
San Juan Island 72 suburban house 89 variable height outlet 68
screed 116 sulphur 12 vector control 52
security 31 sun, on tanks 9 vent 55,65
and tank size 32,33 sunscreen 47,65 vermin 27
standard 4 by burial 31 vernal pools 22
sediment 9 supply 66.See water/supply volume, formulas for 90
septic conditions 12 surface area, formulas for 90
septic tank 10,44 Surface Water Treatment Rule 120 W
outlets 63 suspended solids.See turbidity;See walls 91,102107
plastic 32 also oating solids;See al- oor joint to 113
set-aside.See reserve;See also emer- so settlable solids structural loads 92
gency, reserve swamp coolers 2 thickness 92
settleable solids 86 swimming 22,124 washing machine 7
settling 2,8,10,11,73 holes 11 water
inlet diffuser for 67 pools 27,75,81,89 age 12
sewage 10 aboveground 27,51 bottled, survey 12
in aquifers 18 variable level 27 color 12
shade 65 swing joint 80 corrosive 12
shape 3638 system modes 28 demand
for burial 32 forcast 7
graphical overview 36 T ow 1
rectangular 9,36 tanks hazards.See hazards
rock-like 117 cleaning 58,59,60 level 105,107
sphere 32,36,38 coatings pressure.See pressure
square 36 toxins in 39 protecting 77
structural effect 93 cost.See cost quality 1,2,4,12,16,83
shear force 92,113 forces on.See structural loads changes 913
shower 1 galvanized.See galvanized steel guidelines for different uses 7
shut-off valve.See valve/shut-off multiple.See multiple tanks improving 10
silver solder 54 on roof 29 of ponds 20,23
sinkholes 19 open 27 separate handling 67
siphon 55 painting.See paint testing 1216
site shape.See shape quantity 5
prep 109 siting.See siting running 6
walk-in only 109 sizing.See sizing security 1,12
siting 2832 Tank Talk Newsletter 120 shortage 1,19
size tannins 22 softness 7,12
structural effect 9396 tap station 98 stagnant 12
sizing 3236,44 taste 12 still 6
for reghting 36 temperature 12,65 stored energy 2
for intermittent production 35 of buried storage 31 supply chain 1
for interruptions in supply 35 tension force 92,93 taste 7
for limited supply 34 Thai jar 9698 temperature 12
skimmer 27 thermal mass.See specic heat towers 29,38,53,54,66,77
skinny-dipping 78 thermal storage 1,2 safety 30
slab.See oors, slab thermos 54 use
slope Thoroughseal 106,116,119 covering peaks 3334
stability 29,31 toilet 7 hourly 34
steep 53 ushing 7 peaks 1
sludge 58 tank 75 per capita 6
small containers 76 tools 107108 waterbed bladder 39,48
smell 12 torque block 59 Watermaster 120
snow load 93 tote bins 51 watershed 16,18,20,25
soil tower.See water, towers area for ponds 23
loads 91 toxins 7,9,53,78 water age 120
report 52 leaching 11,12,53,76 water hammer air cushions 68,69
storage in 1516,25 PVC 39 Water Quality Testing Procedures and
vs aquifers 15 threat to aquifers 20 Information Packet 124
solar transporting water 5458 Water Storage Extras 124
greenhouse 2 trash cans 39 weather station data 120
heaters 75 treatment 2,73,124 welded steel 60
source direct 1415,85,8587 biological 27 wire mesh 109
specic heat 2 residual 10 wells 9,17,18,55,66,82.See also aqui-
spillways 25,64 trees 7789 fers
spill point 55 triangles 93 artesian 16,18
springs 1,2,9,12,14,16,18,22,23,34,6 trihalomethanes 9,10 contamination 55
6,85 tunnel vision 3,5 horizontal 16,87
stainless steel 42,54 turbidity 7,12,67.See also oating low yield 34
standpipes 79 solids;See also settlable solids wildlife 22
steel and sh 26 and ponds 26
reinforcing 95 turbulence 71 habitat 21
tanks 48

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