Testing Disinfectant Ability of

Dishwashing Soap
Batch 2020

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 Which dishwashing liquid
brands can provide the
The problem best disinfectant effect?

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Characteristics of a Good Disinfectant
- Broad spectrum: Wide antimicrobial activity
- Fast Acting: Produces a rapid kill
- Not affected by environmental factors: active in the presence of organic
matter
- Non-toxic to user and patient
- Surface compatibility: Should not cause corrosion of instruments and
surface and does not cause deterioration of other materials
- Stable at room temperature

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Characteristics of a Good Disinfectant
- Broad spectrum: Wide antimicrobial activity
- Fast Acting: Produces a rapid kill
- Not affected by environmental factors: active in the presence of
organic matter
- Non-toxic to user and patient
- Surface compatibility: Should not cause corrosion of instruments and
surface and does not cause deterioration of other materials
- Stable at room temperature

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 Methods
The experiment compares 5
different brands of dishwashing
liquid against S. aureus (G+) and P.
aeruginosa (G-)

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 Methods
The experiment compares 5
different brands of dishwashing
liquid against S. aureus (G+) and P.
aeruginosa (G-)

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 Broad Spectrum
+ Staphylococcus aureus - Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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 Fast Acting
Disinfectant (indicate Degree of Growth Time Control
Bacterium group number) of Exposure
(in minutes)

1 5 10 15 P. a. S. a.

S. aureus Detergent X

P. aeruginosa Detergent X

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Results:
Dishwashing soap
vs S.a & P.a.
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Axion

SA1 SA1 PA1 PA2

1 - - - -

5 0 0 2+ 1+

10 0 0 1+ 1+

15 0 0 1+ 1+

Control 3+ 3+ 3+ 4+

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Axion vs S. aureus
CONTROL 5 min
0 0 0

3
Control 10 min
3 0

5 min 15 min 11
0 0
Axion vs P. aeruginosa

1
2 1 1 1 2
4

12
Sunlight Calamansi
SA1 SA1 PA1

1 - - -

5 0 0 1+

10 0 0 1+

15 0 0 0+

Control 2+ 4+ 4+

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Sunlight vs S. aureus

Control 10 min
2 0

0 0 0 4

5 min 0 15 min 0

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Sunlight vs P. aeruginosa

CONTROL 5 min 10 min 15 min

4 1 1 0

Control 5 min 10 min 15 min

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Joy
SA1 SA1 PA1 PA2

1 - - - -

5 +2 +2 1+ 2+

10 +2 +2 0+ 2+

15 +1 +1 0+ 1+

Control +2 +2 3+ 4+

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Joy vs S. aureus

10 min

Control 2
2

2 2
2 1

5 min
2 15 min 1

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Joy vs P. aeruginosa
2 2 1

4
Surf
SA1 SA1 PA1 PA2

1 - - - -

5 0 0 0+ 0+

10 0 0 0+ 0+

15 0 0 0+ 0+

Control 2+ 4+ 4+ 4+

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Surf vs S. aureus

2 0 0 0 4 0 0 0
Surf vs P. aeruginosa

4 0 0
0
4 0 0 0
Smart
SA1 SA1 PA1 PA2

1 - - - -

5 0 0 0+ 0+

10 0 0 0+ 0+

15 0 0 0+ 0+

Control 4+ 4+ 4+ 4+

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Smart vs S. aureus
CONTROL 5 min

Control 10 min
4 0

4 0 0 0

5 min 0 15 min 0
Smart vs P. aeruginosa

0
0 0
4
4
0
0 0
 Summary of Results
Disinfectant (indicate group number) Degree of Growth Time of Exposure Control
Bacterium (in minutes)

1 5 10 15 P. a. S. a.

S. aureus 1A - Axion - 0 0 0 N/A 3+

2A- Sunlight Calamansi - 0 0 0 N/A 2+

3A - Joy - 2+ 2+ 1+ N/A 2+

4A - Surf - 0 0 0 N/A 2+

5A - Smart - 0 0 0 N/A 4+

6A - Axion Calamansi - 0 0 0 N/A 3+

7A - Sunlight Calamansi - 0 0 0 N/A 4+

8A - Joy - 2+ 2+ 1+ N/A 2+

9A - Surf - 0 0 0 N/A 4+

10A - SMART 0 0 0 0 N/A 4+ 25

 Summary of Results
Disinfectant (indicate group number) Degree of Growth Time of Exposure Control
Bacterium (in minutes)

1 5 10 15 P. a. S. a.

P. aeruginosa 1B - Axion - 2+ 1+ 1+ 3+ N/A

2B - Sunlight Calamansi - 1+ 1+ 0 4+ N/A

3B - Joy - 1+ 0 0 3+ N/A

4B - Surf - 0 0 0 4+ N/A

5B - Smart - 0 0 0 4+ N/A

6B - Axion - 1+ 1+ 1+ 4+ N/A

8B - Joy - 2+ 2+ 1+ 4+c N/A

9B - Surf 0 0 0 0 4+ N/A

10B - SMART - 0 0 0 4+ N/A

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Conclusions
Of all the detergents, Surf and Smart proved to be most effective
disinfectant against Gram + and - organisms

Sunlight and Axion has a good disinfectant ability against Gram +

organisms, but not Gram -

Joy has the least disinfectant activity against Gram + and - organisms

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Results:
Hand Print

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AXION
Hand print After(1) Hand print after(2)

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AXION
Hand print after(2)

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SUNLIGHT

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JOY
8A - Before and After washing 3A - Before and After washing

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JOY
Hand print After(1)

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SMART
Hand print after(2)

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SMART
Hand print After(1) Hand print after(2)

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SURF
9A - Before and after washing

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SURF
Hand print After(1) 9B - Before and after washing

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Conclusions
Qualitatively, there is a decrease in bacterial growth in hand print
cultures after disinfectant use
Identification of the best disinfectant cannot be determined due to
inconsistent results
Negative hand culture results after washing not observed among all
disinfectants tested

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Difference in Bacterial Response to Disinfecants
1) Type of organism
- Organisms vary in their ability to withstand chemical and physical
treatment due to their biochemical composition

MOST RESISTANT Prion > Bacterial Spores > Mycobacteria > Non-lipid viruses > Fungi > Bacteria > Lipid Viruses LEAST RESISTANT

2) Number of organisms
- Increased viral load More resistant
- Presence of Biofilms may affect disinfectant ability
3) Concentration of disinfectant
- Wrong concentration of disinfectant may lead to ineffective killing
- E.g. wrong hypochlorite ratio
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Difference in Bacterial Response to Disinfecants
4) Temperature

- some disinfectants are inactivated by extremes of temperatures

5) pH

- Any change in PH will affect:

- Rate of growth of bacteria- growth is optimal at pH (6-8).
- Potency of antimicrobial agent- due to ionization at pH.
- Ability of disinfectants to combine with cell surface sites of pathogen.

6) Contact Time

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Limitations
Lack of a standard reference for grading turbidity

Subjective interpretation of results

Test-Retest reliability not determined

The results dont guarantee external validity

The disinfectants are packaged differently (some are bottled, some are
in sachet) that might minimize interpretability of results among
different brands

Organisms before and after hand cultures not identified

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Recommendations
Use of standard reference for grading turbidity (e.g. McFarlands)

Extend the spectrum of the disinfectant activity to other species and

organism types to determine external validity and generalizability of
results

Comparison of bottle vs. sachet forms can be made to better

standardize the interpretation of results

Test-Retest the samples to ensure internal validity

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References
Mahon, C. R., & In Manuselis, G. (1995). Textbook of diagnostic microbiology
Bailey and Scotts Diagnostic Microbiology

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