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Description of Results Template v.2

Workshop on CFD in Ship Scale Hydrodynamics Southampton 2016

Contact: Dr Dmitriy Ponkratov

Dmitriy.Ponkratov@lr.org October 2016

1. Introduction
Following the International workshops on numerical methods in model scale ship viscous flows, which have
been held regularly in Gothenburg and Tokyo, Lloyds Register (LR) is taking a step forward and hosting the
first ship scale hydrodynamics workshop. The objective of this workshop is to compare results of modern
numerical methods with sea trials measurements made by LR, to assess and develop the capabilities of the
numerical tools in ship scale and to increase confidence in ship scale Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD).
In addition to describing the cases to be simulated [1] this document outlines the format of the numerical
results to be submitted to the workshop committee. Note that all numerical data should be supplied in ascii
format, with the exception of images, as this will be loaded up to Matlab for post processing.
Please ensure the results have been sent to Dr. Dmitriy Ponkratov via email (Dmitriy.Ponkratov@lr.org) by the
th
25 of October 2016.

2. Simulation cases
The proposed simulation cases are outlined in Table 1.

Case Simulation Type Obligation Constraints Variable

1.1 8 knots

1.2 10 knots
Ship Scale Resistance Optional/Recommended Free sink & trim
1.3 12 knots

1.4 14 knots

2.1 0.2

2.2 0.3
Propeller Open Water
2.3 for given advance Optional/Recommended 71.62 rpm 0.4
number
2.4 0.5

2.5 0.6

3.1 71.62 rpm

Ship Scale Self- Required at least one Free/Fixed sink
3.2 91.10 rpm
Propulsion condition & trim
3.3 106.4 rpm

4.1 Propeller Cavitation Optional/Recommended - 71.62 rpm

Table 1 - Simulation cases

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3. Simulation type 1: Ship scale resistance

As the geometry files were supplied by parts it is expected that the results can be calculated for each separate
part. The data must be submitted in an ascii file as shown in Figure 1 with at least four significant digits. The
description of each entry line is given in Table 2 also showing the example in the right column with values
identical to Figure 1. Please note all file names should be in the format: Case-Company name e.g. for case 1.1
submitted by Lloyds Register: 1.1-Lloyds-Register.dat

Figure 1 - Example for the results file for the resistance case 1.1

Line Description Example

1 Company name Lloyds Register
2 Case number (see Table 1) 1.1
3 Speed (kn) 8.0001
4 CFD Software name and version Star-CCM+ 10.06.010
5 Average Viscous resistance on hull.stl (kN) -50.001
6 Average Pressure resistance on hull.stl (kN) -100.01
7 Average Total resistance on hull.stl (kN) -150.01
8 Average Viscous resistance on hub.stl (kN) -5.0001e-5
9 Average Pressure resistance on hub.stl (kN) -5.0001e-5
10 Average Total resistance on hub.stl (kN) -1.0001e-4
11 Average Viscous resistance on shaft2.stl (kN) -5.0001e-5
12 Average Pressure resistance on shaft2.stl (kN) -5.0001e-5
13 Average Total resistance on shaft2.stl (kN) -1.0001e-4
Average Viscous resistance on Super structure, cranes,
14 -1.0001
deck and hatches (kN)
Average Pressure resistance on Super structure, cranes,
15 -5.0001
deck and hatches (kN)
Average Total resistance on Super structure, cranes,
16 -6.0001
deck and hatches (kN)
17 Average Dynamic trim on hull.stl (degrees) 0.50001
18 Average Dynamic list on hull.stl (degrees) 1.0001e-4
19 Average Dynamic sinkage on hull.stl (m) -0.10001
Table 2 - Ship scale resistance results format for averaged values
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4. Simulation type 2: Propeller open water characteristics

The following results are to be submitted for the full scale open water calculations in the same format as above. Figure
2 shows the file contents and Table 3 the description:

Figure 2 - Example for the results file for the case 2.1 (new screen shot)

Line Description Example

1 Company name Lloyds Register
2 Case number (see Table 1) 2.1
3 Advance number J 0.2
Star-CCM+
4 CFD Software name and version
10.06.010
5 Average Viscous thrust on prop_blades.stl (kN) 10.001
6 Average Pressure thrust on prop_blades.stl (kN) 150.01
7 Average Total thrust on prop_blades.stl (kN) 160.01
8 Average Viscous torque on prop_blades.stl (kNm) 10.001
9 Average Pressure torque on prop_blades.stl (kNm) 10.001
10 Average Total torque on prop_blades.stl (kNm) 20.001
11 Average Viscous resistance on shaft_ow.stl (kN) -1.0001e-5
12 Average Pressure resistance on shaft_ow.stl (kN) -1.0001e-5
13 Average Total resistance on shaft_ow.stl (kN) -2.0001e-5
14 Average Viscous thrust on prop_le_te.stl (kN) 0.50001
15 Average Pressure thrust on prop_le_te.stl (kN) 0.50001
16 Average Total thrust on prop_le_te.stl (kN) 1.0001
17 Average Viscous torque on prop_le_te.stl (kNm) 0.50001
18 Average Pressure torque on prop_le_te.stl (kNm) 0.50001
19 Average Total torque on prop_le_te.stl (kNm) 1.0001
Table 3 - Ship scale open water results format for averaged values

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5. Simulation type 3: Ship scale self-propulsion

The following results are to be submitted for the full scale self-propulsion calculations; Figure 3 shows the file
contents and Table 4 the description.

Figure 3 - Example for the averaged results file for the self-propulsion case 3.1 (new screen shot)

Line Description Example

1 Company name Lloyds
Register
2 Case number (see Table 1) 3.1
3 Shaft speed (rpm) 71.62
Star-CCM+
4 CFD Software name and version
10.06.010
5 Speed (kn) 10.001
6 Average Viscous resistance on hull.stl (kN) -50.001
7 Average Pressure resistance on hull.stl (kN) -100.01
8 Average Total resistance on hull.stl (kN) -150.01
9 Average Viscous resistance on shaft.stl (kN) -1.0001e-5
10 Average Pressure resistance on shaft.stl (kN) -1.0001e-5
11 Average Total resistance on shaft.stl (kN) -2.0001e-5
12 Average Viscous resistance on shaft2.stl (kN) -1.0001e-5
13 Average Pressure resistance on shaft2.stl (kN) -1.0001e-5
14 Average Total resistance on shaft2.stl (kN) -2.0001e-5
15 Average Viscous resistance on Super structure, cranes, deck -1.0001
and hatches (kN)
16 Average Pressure resistance on Super structure, cranes, deck -5.0001
and hatches (kN)
17 Average Total resistance on Super structure, cranes, deck -6.0001
and hatches (kN)
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21 Average Dynamic trim on hull.stl (degrees) 0.5

22 Average Dynamic list on hull.stl (degrees) 0
18 Average Viscous thrust on prop_blades.stl (kN) 10.001
19 Average Pressure thrust on prop_blades.stl (kN) 150.01
20 Average Total thrust on prop_blades.stl (kN) 160.01
21 Average Viscous torque on prop_blades.stl (kNm) 10.001
22 Average Pressure torque on prop_blades.stl (kNm) 10.001
23 Average Total torque on prop_blades.stl (kNm) 20.001
24 Average Dynamic trim on hull.stl (degrees) 0.5001
25 Average Dynamic list on hull.stl (degrees) -1.0001e-5
26 Average Dynamic sinkage on hull.stl (m) -0.1001
27 Average Viscous thrust on prop_le_te.stl (kN) 0.5001
28 Average Pressure thrust on prop_le_te.stl (kN) 0.5001
29 Average Total thrust on prop_le_te.stl (kN) 1.0001
30 Average Viscous torque on prop_le_te.stl (kNm) 0.5001
31 Average Pressure torque on prop_le_te.stl (kNm) 0.5001
32 Average Total torque on prop_le_te.stl (kNm) 1.0001
Table 4 - Ship scale self-propulsion results format for averaged values

Please note that apart from the integral values the time histories of propeller thrust and torque (on the files
prop_blades.stl and prop_le_te.stl) are also requested for this simulation along with an image of the
wave pattern. As there is a principal challenge to obtain propeller thrust and torque time histories from the sea
trial measurements, these values will only be compared between participants and not against field data.
The time variation of propeller thrust and torque should start from the time 0 which should correspond to
the blades position on the originally supplied geometry and cover at least three propeller revolutions with
reasonable number of samples.
Please note the file name should be in the format: Case.Results code (1 for averaged; 2 for time varying) -
Company name. For example: 3.1.1-Lloyds-Register.dat (for averaged values); 3.1.2-Lloyds-Register.dat (for
time varying data). Figure 4 shows the data file submitted and Table 5 the description of each entry.

Figure 4 - Example for the time varying results file for the self-propulsion case 3.1

Line Description Example

1 Company name Lloyds Register
2 Case number (see Table 1) 3.1
3 Description t(sec); T(kN); Q(kNm);
4 1 column Time (sec); 2nd
st
0; 10.4001; 5.0001;
5 column - Total thrust (kN); 0.001; 10.5001; 5.1001;
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6 3rd column - Total torque 0.002; 10.6001; 5.2001;

7 (kNm) 0.003; 10.7001; 5.3001;
- - - -
- - - -
N n.nn (time after 3 revs); 10.4001; 5.0001;
Table 5 - Ship scale self-propulsion results format for time varying data

GoPro cameras were installed on the wheel house roof to record the wave pattern during the trials. Figure 5
shows the photograph taken by the camera at the time when the vessel was stopped at the sea. It was
intended to use photographs created by GoPro to visually assess the wave pattern. However, the GoPro
camera has an unusual focal length so it was impossible to find precise focal coordinates in a CFD tool to
match the simulation view with the GoPro one. Nevertheless, the approximate camera coordinates are
specified in Table 6. The coordinates correspond to the ships coordinate system located on the centre line at
the intersection of the aft perpendicular with the base line. The positive x direction is towards the bow, the
positive y direction towards port and the positive z direction is upwards (Figure 6).

Figure 5 - photograph from the bridge to visually assess the wave pattern

Coordinates
Position [22.0, 0.0, 28.5] m, m, m

Table 6 - the coordinates where the GoPro camera installed on the vessel

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Figure 6 - Coordinate system for the positions

Hence two options are proposed to the workshop participants:

1. Using your CFD code and/or post processing program please try to match the simulation view with Figure
5. In this case an image similar to Figure 5 with the ship geometry and wave distribution at specific case
should be provided to LR.
2. Alternatively, please save the wave pattern as stl geometry and provide LR with this. It will be post
processed by LR to match Figure 5.

6. Simulation type 4: Ship scale propeller cavitation.

It is proposed to visually compare the cavitation pattern obtained from CFD with the high speed videos
recorded during the borescopic observations. The borescopes were installed on the starboard and port sides at
the positions specified in Table 7 and Table 8. The coordinates correspond to the ships coordinate system
shown in Figure 6. The views from the positions should be as per Figure 7 and Figure 8.
A number of still images should be recorded from these positions from the CFD simulations for the cavitation
case. As the borescopic observations and recordings were done with the frequency 200 frames per second,
the CFD still pictures should be provided with the time step 0.005sec. The duration of picture sequence should
cover at least two propeller revolutions.
The pictures should be saved in a single ZIP file and provided to LR in the format: Case-Starboard/Portside-
Company name
For example: 4.1-Portside-Lloyds-Register.zip

Figure 7 - Starboard side view for cavitation simulation

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Figure 8 - Port side view for cavitation simulation

Coordinates
Focal Point [0.0, 0.0, 5.0] m, m, m
Position [7.6, -1.9, 4.16] m, m, m
View Up [0.0, -0.05, 0.99] m, m, m
Table 7 - View position on the starboard side

Coordinates
Focal Point [0.0, 0.0, 5.0] m, m, m
Position [7.6, 1.9, 4.16] m, m, m
View Up [0.0, -0.1, 0.99] m, m, m
Table 8 - View position on the port side

Apart from the visual comparison it would also be important to assess the propeller efficiency reduction due to
cavitation. It is recommended to submit the averaged data as in the file shown in Figure 9 with the
description given in Table 9. The naming convention should follow the as per earlier instruction.

Figure 9 - Example for the distributed results file for the cavitation case 4.1 (new screen shot)

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Line Description Example

1 Company name Lloyds Register
2 Case number (see Table 1) 4.1
3 Shaft speed (rpm) 71.62
Star-CCM+
4 CFD Software name and version
10.06.010
5 Speed (kn) 10.001
6 Average Viscous thrust on prop_blades.stl (kN) 10.001
7 Average Pressure thrust on prop_blades.stl (kN) 150.01
8 Average Total thrust on prop_blades.stl (kN) 160.01
9 Average Viscous torque on prop_blades.stl (kNm) 10.001
10 Average Pressure torque on prop_blades.stl (kNm) 10.001
11 Average Total torque on prop_blades.stl (kNm) 20.001
Average Vapour volume (m3) from one revolution on
12 0.6001
prop_blades.stl
13 Average Viscous thrust on prop_le_te.stl (kN) 0.5001
14 Average Pressure thrust on prop_le_te.stl (kN) 0.5001
15 Average Total thrust on prop_le_te.stl (kN) 1.0002
16 Average Viscous torque on prop_le_te.stl (kNm) 0.5001
17 Average Pressure torque on prop_le_te.stl (kNm) 0.5001
18 Average Total torque on prop_le_te.stl (kNm) 1.0002
Table 9 - Ship scale cavitation results format for averaged values

7. Questionnaire
Lastly, it is recommended to fill out the questionnaire spreadsheet provided in the results package.

8. References
[1] Ponkratov, D. (2016) Workshop on CFD in Ship scale hydrodynamics: Description of cases Lloyds Register,
June 2016.