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LABORATORY SESSION
Students must submit their raw data, graph or drawing to the instructor at the end of
each experiment. The raw data should be presented in tabular form and all
measurements performed should be included on a sheet of A4 paper. The following
particulars should also be included:
Name of experiment
Abstract
Introduction
Literature Review
Methodology
References
Appendices
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1.3 Abstract
1.4 Introduction
In this section, theories or previous studies conducted related to the experiment should
be mentioned. State all parameters involved, what has been studied and what is lack in
the previous studies.
1.6 Methodology
Enough should be said of the equipment and techniques so that the reader could
operate the equipment if necessary.
In this section, the results of the experiments are presented as a fulfillment of the
objectives. A coordinated analysis of what the data and calculated results mean is
presented. The overall impression of the meaning of the experiment and its
significance in the light of published work or established theory should be apparent
from the analysis.
The material should be presented logically. Even the most complicated explanation or
theory can be conveyed easily to the reader if broken down and presented in a logical
sequence. If the discussion is long, its organization should be facilitated by the use of
subdivisions and headings.
The discussion is more detailed than the abstract/summary in that it will include the
opinion/reasoning of the author about various aspects of the experiment. The
limitations of the experiment must be discussed and the accuracy of the result noted.
This section must also show that the significance of the experimental findings has
been appreciated. Recommended journals, textbooks or lecture notes will provide an
aid to such an understanding.
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1.8 Conclusion & Recommendations
1.9 References
References provide the reader with the sources of information that were used during
the writing of the experimental report. Reporting the names of the books and journals
referenced must follow a standard format that includes the author, journal, title,
volume, date and publisher.
1.10 Appendices
Appendices contain material that is not an integral part of the report or cannot be
included conveniently in the body of the report.
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UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN KIMIA
FOOD PRESERVATION TECHNOLOGY
(CBE648)
NAME :
STUDENT ID :
GROUP :
EXPERIMENT TITLE :
DATE PERFORMED :
SEMESTER :
Checked by :
---------------------------
Date :
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SAFETY PROCEDURES IN LABORATORY
Laboratory safety is the top priority and this requires all people in the lab to be
observing safe practices at all times! Following are some safety and procedural rules
to help guide you in protecting yourself and others from injury in the laboratory.
DOs
1) MUST use PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS.
2) MUST wear proper ATTIRE and LAB COAT when you are in lab.
3) Long hair MUST be tied back and dangling jewelry and loose or baggy
clothing must be secured.
4) Shoes MUST completely cover the foot. No sandals are allowed.
5) MUST reports any accidents, injury, fire or emergency happen to the
LECTURER/LAB TECHNICIAN immediately.
6) MUST take CAUTION when handle with glass apparatus.
7) MUST know the location and understand the operation of:
- FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
- SAFETY SHOWER & EYE WASH STATION
- FIRST AID KIT
- FIRE ALARM
- EMERGENCY EXIT ROUTE
8) MUST strictly follow laboratory safety principles.
9) Perform only those experiments authorized by the instructor. Never do
anything in the laboratory that is not called for in the laboratory procedures or
by your instructor.
10) Observe good housekeeping practices. Work areas should be kept clean and
tidy at all times.
11) Dispose of all chemical waste properly. Never mix chemicals in sink drains.
12) Wash your hands with soap and water after performing all experiments.
DONTs
1) Strictly NOT allowed to use combustible solution near to the open fire.
2) Strictly NOT allowed to heat combustible solution on the hot plate.
3) Strictly NOT allowed to EAT, DRINK and SMOKE in the lab.
4) Never return unused chemicals to their original containers.
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4.0 EXPERIMENTS
Exp 1: Determination of total aerobic plate count (including yeast and moulds) on
fresh and spoiled food (milk/ juices/ any solid food)
Exp 4: Effect of freezing on the quality (texture and juice yield) of fruits and
vegetables