AUDIO STREAMING SERVICES

Lia Hafiza

Abstract

Music-streaming services are Internet applications based on a delivery system that enables vast
amounts of digital data to be stored in the cloudthat is, the large hubs and data centers comprised
of networked servers that are connected to the Internet.

I. Introduction over-the-top (OTT) service is an online service

that can be regarded as potentially substituting
Music-streaming services are Internet
for traditional telecommunications and
applications based on a delivery system that
audiovisual services such as voice telephony,
enables vast amounts of digital data to be
SMS, television dan seperti yang dibahas pada
stored in the cloudthat is, the large hubs
makalah ini yaitu audio streaming service.
and data centers comprised of networked
servers that are connected to the Internet. The
provider transfers service-hosted content such
as music or video files from the cloud to a user
via a broadband Internet connection. Through
a range of related service models, this media
content is thus made available to users without
the need to download the files. The content is Fig. 1 OTT Service diagram based on ref [3]
instead experienced in real time as a
II. Music Streaming Services
continuous stream of data. To stream (music)
Applications
describes the process of the music-streaming
service as a delivery system, not the medium Referensi [4] telah membahas perbandingan
itself. In this study, I will use streaming music dari lima music streaming services yang pada
as a verbal form of description of the processes tulisan ini telah dirangkum sebagai berikut.
related to users interaction with music-
A. Pricing:
streaming services. [1] Apple Music: 9.99/$9.99, 14.99/$14.99
family, 4.99 student
There is no single, generally agreed Spotify: 9.99/$9.99, 14.99/$14.99
definition of terms for many of the key family, 4.99/$4.99 students Free ad-
funded service
concepts in this discussion, including over-the-
Google Play Music All Access:
top (OTT) services menurut referensi [2]dan 9.99/$9.99 a month, 14.99/$14.99
pengertian yang dipakai pada referensi ini an family, free upload service
Deezer: 9.99/$9.99 a month,
14.99/$14.99 a month Elite or Family,
free ad-funded service
Tidal: 19.99/$19.99 a month premium,
9.99/$9.99 regular, no free service, up to
29.99 family
Sound Quality
Apple Music: 256kbps AAC
Spotify: up to 320kbps OGG
Google Play Music All Access: Up to
320kbps MP3
Deezer: 320kbps MP3, 1411kbps FLAC
Tidal: 1411kbps FLAC, 320kbps AAC,
24-bit MQA
Discovery Feature
Apple Music: 256kbps AAC
Spotify: up to 320kbps OGG
Google Play Music All Access: Up to
320kbps MP3
Deezer: 320kbps MP3, 1411kbps FLAC
Tidal: 1411kbps FLAC, 320kbps AAC,
24-bit MQA
Mobile App
Apple Music: iOS only, Android, via
iTunes
Spotify: Android,iOS, Windows Phone,
PS4/PS3 app, web player
Google Play Music All Access: Android,
iOS, web player, Google Home support,
Android Wear
Deezer: Android, iOS, web player
Tidal: iOS, Android, web player
Offline Feature
Apple Music: Unlimited mobile
downloads
Spotify: 3333 mobile downloads per
device, three devices, desktop playlist
downloads
Google Play Music All Access: Unlimited
mobile downloads
Deezer: Unlimited mobile and desktop
downloads
Tidal: Unlimited mobile downloads
Music Catalogue
Apple Music: Over 40 million tracks
Spotify: Over 30 million tracks
Google Play Music All Access: Over 40
million tracks
Deezer: Over 43 million tracks
Tidal: Over 46 million tracks
Popularity
Apple Music: Over 20 million (Dec 2016)
Spotify: Over 50 million (Mar 2017)
Google Play Music All Access: Not
known
Deezer: 6.9 million (estimated)
Tidal: 3 million (controversial)
The two services use different encoding
formats and a different bit rate. Apple Music
is streamed at 256Kbps in AAC (Advanced
Audio Coding) format, while Spotify offers the
Ogg Vorbis format at 320Kbps. Right off the
bat, the higher number might make Spotify
look better, but in reality the two
compression formats aren't directly
comparable by bit rate alone.
Starting last week, I've noticed annoying
latency issues with spotify.
1) New songs take between 3-10 seconds
to start. The "paused" icon switches to
"playing", but it takes Spotify up to 10
seconds some times to even begin playing
a song I click on.
2) Spotify randomly cuts out in the middle
of a song. It doesn't switch to a "paused"
icon, it's still "playing", but the music cuts
out. Just gone. The time numbers aren't
increasing. Then, 5-15 seconds later, it
begins playing again, as if nothing
happened.
Same machine, same connection, same
everything that I've always been using.
I can only conclude that the issue is
streaming issues. I'm getting frustrated
because it completly breaks my Flow at
work when I'm knee-deep coding or
testing and my music just abruptly halts, or
I become cognizant of the strangely large
breaks in between songs.
III. Neutrality of Access
The principle of neutrality has
begun to take on central importance in the
constant evolving and expanding ICT world.
Based on reference [5], the inevitable tendency
among corporate strategists to
competitive advantage and financial gain
through market manipulation has raised alarm
among a wide coalition of advocates for
consumer rights, free speech, and Information
Society principles of openness and equity. The
ideal that proponents collectively advocate has
been labeled net neutrality. The basic
concept is that the Internet should remain free
of any discrimination or barriers among
classes of users, or of information stored and
transmitted on the Internet. In practice, this
implies that all Internet users should be
allowed to access all online sites and data and
services, with no differences in quality or
pricing dependent on their choices.
Network operators that
customers to the Internet would be treated the
same as traditional Common Carriers, with no
right to impose differential treatment for
various forms of usage or content.
Some of the prospective alterations in
established Internet business practices that net
neutrality advocates oppose, and that have
been at least contemplated among some
network operators, include various forms of
multi-tiered, usage-based pricing, in which
user payments would be roughly linked to the
amount of data they download and upload, as
many cell phone data plans already charge.
Also, vertically integrated or affiliated network
and media corporations could institute
preferential pricing and/or differential access
speed and quality, for web sites and services
they control and profit from, as compared with
competitors sites and the broad Internet as a
seek
whole. More ominous still, and the worst fear
of free speech advocates, some corporations
that may have certain political leanings and
vested interests, could attempt to skew the
information content received by their
subscribers, in direct contravention of the
basic principles of free exchange of ideas.
IV. Indonesian Regulation
Management Recommendation
for OTT Service [6]
First, blocking OTT should not be
allowed. The development of OTT is an
important part of innovation in technology.
Every developer has the right to create any
revolutionary service without the need to
connect inform the incumbent. This concept is also
consistent with the definition of net neutrality.
Blocking OTT would violate the right of OTT
players, since the right of creating and
developing new telecommunication services is
not limited to telecommunication operators
only.
Second, OTT players should pay
reimbursement for the infrastructure billing to
the operators. It is necessary for the regulator
to monitor and register traffic and bandwidth
used to access OTT services. Those data could
be used to determine the amount of
compensation OTT players should pay to the
telecommunication operators.
Third, establishing the paid and non-
paid mechanism forthe interconnection. In the
current, end-users are able to access OTT
without surcharge. With the implementation of
paid and non-paid mechanism, end-users
would choose whether to pay charge (paid
mechanism) or use the free access offered by
operators (non-paid mechanism).
Fourth, operators provide bandwidth
levels for users to choose and purchase. The
access limitation for every user is determined
by the purchased bandwidth level. This is the
implementation of capacity-based concept,
where user is charged for every amount of
capacity used. In capacity-based charging
method, once the user overconsume or exceed
the capacity limit, a new fare would be
charged to the user.

References

[1] Using Music Streaming Services: Practices, Experiences and the Lifeworld of Musicking. Anja
Nylund Hagen. August, 2015. Doctoral Thesis. University of Oslo.

[2] Over-the-Top (OTTs) players: Market dynamics and policy challenges. Dec 2015. Europian
Parliament. Over-the-Top play.

[3] http://ottsource.com/ott-blog/ diakses 5 oktober 2017

[4] Read more at http://www.trustedreviews.com/opinion/spotify-vs-google-play-music-all-

access-vs-deezer-vs-xbox-music-vs-sony-music-unlimited-2913394#tToOoljGk4kpIZ3b.99

[5] https://www.cnet.com/news/apple-music-vs-spotify-is-there-a-difference-in-sound-quality/

[6] https://community.spotify.com/t5/Desktop-Linux-Windows-Web-Player/Lag-latency-issues-
with-Spotify-randomly/td-p/22809

[7] telco regulation handbook

[8]