Hardware Description P740/EN HW/C11

MiCOM P740

HARDWARE DESCRIPTION
P740/EN HW/C11 Hardware Description

MiCOM P740
Hardware Description P740/EN HW/C11

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CONTENTS

1. HARDWARE OVERVIEW 5
1.1 Power supply module 5
1.2 Main board 5
1.3 Co-processor board 5
1.4 Internal Communication board 5
1.5 Input module 5
1.6 Input and output boards 6
1.7 IRIG-B board 6

2. HARDWARE MODULES 8
2.1 Main board 8
2.2 Co-processor board 8
2.3 Communication board 9
2.4 Internal communication buses 9
2.5 Input module (P742 and P743 only) 10
2.5.1 Transformer board 11
2.5.2 Input board 11
2.5.3 Universal opto isolated logic inputs 11
2.6 Power supply module (including output relays) 12
2.6.1 Power supply board (including RS485 communication interface (K Bus courier)) 12
2.6.2 Output relay board 13
2.6.3 Auxiliary power supply 13
2.7 IRIG-B board (P741 only) 13
2.8 Mechanical layout 13
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1. HARDWARE OVERVIEW
The relay hardware is based on a modular design whereby the relay is made up of
several modules which are drawn from a standard range. Some modules are
essential while others are optional depending on the users requirements.
The different modules that can be present in the relay are as follows:

1.1 Power supply module

The power supply module provides a power supply to all of the other modules in the
relay, at three different voltage levels. The power supply board also provides the
RS485 electrical connection (K-bus courier) for the rear communication port. This
communication is used on P741, never on P742 or P743.
On a second board the power supply module contains :
relays which provide the output contacts (P742 and P743),
an auxiliary power supply (P741).

1.2 Main board

The main board performs some functions for the relay (fixed and programmable
scheme logic) and controls the operation of modules which are on its
interconnection bus within the relay. The main board also contains and controls the
user interfaces (LCD, LEDs, keypad and communication interfaces).

1.3 Co-processor board

In P742 and P743, the co-processor board controls the operation of I/O modules
within the relay and manages the communication with the P741 relay.
In P741, the co-processor board controls the communication boards and manages
the communication with others P741 of the system (if present).

1.4 Internal Communication board

Only present within P741 relay.
The communication board manages the communication with the P742 and P743
relays.

1.5 Input module

The input module is only present in P742 and P743 relays. The input module
converts the information contained in the analogue and digital input signals into a
format suitable for the co-processor board. The standard input module consists of
two boards:
a transformer board to provide electrical isolation
a main input board which provides analogue to digital conversion and the
isolated digital inputs.
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1.6 Input and output boards

P741 P742 P743

Opto-inputs 8 x UNI(1) 16 x UNI(1) 24 x UNI(1)

Relay outputs 6 n/o and 2 c/o 6 n/o and 2 c/o 15 n/o and 6 c/o
(1) Universal voltage range opto inputs n/o normally open
c/o change over

1.7 IRIG-B board

This board, which is optional, can be used where an IRIG-B signal is available to
provide an accurate time reference for the relay. IRIG-B board can only be used in
P741 relay and is controlled by the main board.

All modules are connected by a parallel data and address bus which allows the
processor board to send and receive information to and from the other modules as
required. There is also a separate serial data bus for conveying sample data from the
input module to the coprocessor. Following figures show the modules of the relay and
the flow of information between them. There are two independant buses. Through the
first bus, the main board controls the coprocessor board and the IRIG-B board
(optional, only in P741). Through the second bus, the coprocessor board controls the
input/output boards and input module in P742 and P743 relays, it controls the
communication boards in P741 relay. So the coprocessor board is controlled by the
first bus and controls the second bus. Functionnaly, electrically, mechanically both
interconnection buses are very similar.
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Relay n Communication
Power Boards
Supply (n=1 to 8)
Universal
Relay board Opto
Auxiliary
Board
Power Supply
(for Comm. Boards)

Interconnexion buses

Coprocessor IRIG-B
Board Board
(Optional)

Interconnexion buses

TRIP

ALARM

OUT OF SERVICE

HEALTHY

= CLEAR

= READ

= ENTER

Main board
P3701ENa

FIGURE 1: MiCOM P741 Architecture

P743 Only

Power Universal
Relay Input
Supply Opto
Board Module
Board
P743 Only
P743 Only

P743 Only

Universal Universal
Relay Relay Opto Opto
Board Board Board Board

Interconnexion buses

Coprocessor
Board

Interconnexion buses
TRIP

ALARM

OUT OF SERVICE

HEALTHY

= CLEAR

= READ

= ENTER

Main Board

P3702ENa

FIGURE 2: MiCOM P742 & P743 Architecture

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2. HARDWARE MODULES
The relay is based on a modular hardware design where each module performs a
separate function within the relay operation. This section describes the functional
operation of the various hardware modules.

2.1 Main board

The main board is based around a TMS320C32 floating point, 32-bit digital signal
processor (DSP) operating at a clock frequency of 20MHz. The processor board is
located directly behind the relays front panel which allows the LCD and LEDs to be
mounted on the processor board along with the front panel communication ports.
These comprise the 9-pin D-connector for RS232 serial communications (e.g. using
MiCOM S1 and Courier communications) and the 25-pin D-connector relay test port
for parallel communication.
All serial communication is handled using a two-channel 85C30 serial
communications controller (SCC).

The memory provided on the main processor board is split into two categories,
volatile and non-volatile:
The volatile memory is fast access (zero wait state) SRAM which is used for
the storage and execution of the processor software, and data storage as
required during the processors calculations.
The non-volatile memory is sub-divided into 3 groups: 2MB of flash memory
for non-volatile storage of software code and text together with default
settings, 256kB of battery backed-up SRAM for the storage of disturbance,
event, fault and maintenance record data and 32kB of E2PROM memory for
the storage of configuration data, including the present setting values.

2.2 Co-processor board

The co-processor board is based around a TMS320VC5402 , 16-bit digital signal
processor (DSP) operating at a clock frequency of 100MHz.

The feature of the co-processor board are :

128 K * 16 bits high speed memory for external code execution.

128 K * 16 bits high speed memory for data storage.
Interface with first interconnection bus from main board.
4 K * 16 bits double access memory for communication with main board.
Interface with second interconnection bus towards peripheral boards.
Serial communication interface on optical fiber with 4 full duplex channels.
The communication uses a synchronous protocole with a date rate of 2.5
Mbit/s.
On the co-processor board only 2 of the 4 optical channels are provided.
On board DC-DC converter which gives 3.3V chip power supply from the
interconnection bus 22V rail.
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After power on, the main board loads the software in coprocessor board via double
access memory. When software starts, the microprocessor configures the board. After
this, optical communication can begin.

In P741 relay, coprocessor board controls 1 opto board, 1 relay board and up to 8
communication boards via its own interconnection bus.

In P742 and P743 relays, coprocessor board controls opto boards and relay boards
via its own interconnection bus. Coprocessor board provides the sample
synchronisation to input module and receives the samples from input module.

2.3 Communication board

The communication board looks like the coprocessor board. The Differences are :
Four duplex optical channels are provided.
The second interconnection bus is not provided. The communication board
controls no board.
This board is only used within P741 relay. It performs the communication with the
P742 and P743 relays.

Up to 8 communication boards can be interfaced within P741 relay. So up to 32

P742 or P743 relays can be interfaced from a P741 relay.

2.4 Internal communication buses

The relay has two internal interconnection buses :
The first is controlled by the main board. Via its interconnection bus the main
board controls the coprocessor board (P741, P742 & P743) and the IRIG-B
board (P741 only).
The second is controlled by the coprocesseur board. Via its interconnection
bus the coprocessor board controls relay boards (P741, P742 & P743), opto
boards (P741, P742 & P743), input module (P742 & P743), communication
boards (P741).

These two interconnection buses are very similar. Both are based on a 64-way ribbon
cable. The main part of the buses is a parallel link with 6 address lines for board
selection, 16 data lines and control lines. On the main controlled bus, main board
drive address and control lines. On the coprocessor controlled bus, coprocessor
board drive address and control lines.

Other parts of the buses are :

the sample serial link from input module to coprocessor board which loads
analogue channel samples.
power supply which are directly wired between the two interconnection
buses.
serial lines for rear RS485 communication which are also directly wired
between the two interconnection buses. So in any way main board keeps
control of the rear RS485 communication.
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2.5 Input module (P742 and P743 only)

The input module provides the interface between the coprocessor board and the
analogue and digital signals coming into the relay. The input module consist of two
PCBs; the main input board and a transformer board.

The P742 and P743 provide four current inputs (3 phases and neutral).

P741 relay dont use this board.

Up to 4 current inputs

Up to 4
CT CT

Diffn Up to 4 Diffn
to to
single single

Low Up to 4 Low
pass pass
filter filter

16:1
Multiplexer

Calibration
Trigger from
E2 PROM
Buffer processor board

16-bit
Sample
ADC control

8 digital inputs
Noise Filter
Threshold
Serial Bus Interface
interface

Serial sample Parallel bus

data bus

FIGURE 3: Main Input Board

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2.5.1 Transformer board

The transformer board holds up to four current transformers (CTs). The current inputs
will accept either 1A or 5A nominal current (menu and wiring options).

The transformers are used to step-down the currents to levels appropriate to the
relays electronic circuitry and to provide effective isolation between the relay and the
power system. The connection arrangements of the current transformer secondary
provide differential input signals to the main input board to reduce noise.

2.5.2 Input board

The main input board is shown as a block diagram in Figure 3. It provides the
circuitry for the digital input signals and the analogue-to-digital conversion for the
analogue signals. Hence it takes the differential analogue signals from the CTs on the
transformer board, converts these to digital samples and transmits the samples to the
coprocessor board via the sample serial data bus. On the input board the analogue
signals are passed through an anti-alias filter before being multiplexed into a single
analogue-to-digital converter chip. The A D converter provides 16-bit resolution
and a serial data stream output. The digital input signals are opto isolated on this
board to prevent excessive voltages on these inputs causing damage to the relay's
internal circuitry.

2.5.3 Universal opto isolated logic inputs

The P741, P742 and P743 relays are fitted with universal opto isolated logic inputs
that can be programmed for the nominal battery voltage of the circuit of which they
are a part. i.e. thereby allowing different voltages for different circuits e.g. signalling,
tripping. They nominally provide a Logic 1 or ON value for Voltages 80% of the
set voltage and a Logic 0 or OFF value for the voltages 60% of the set voltage.
This lower value eliminates fleeting pickups that may occur during a battery earth
fault, when stray capacitance may present up to 50% of battery voltage across an
input. Each input also has selectable filtering which can be utilised. This allows use of
a pre-set filter of cycle which renders the input immune to induced noise on the
wiring: although this method is secure it can be slow, particularly for inter-tripping.
This can be improved by switching off the cycle filter in which case one of the
following methods to reduce ac noise should be considered. The first method is to use
double pole switching on the input, the second is to use screened twisted cable on the
input circuit.
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2.6 Power supply module (including output relays)

The power supply module contains two PCBs, one for the power supply unit itself and
the other for the output relays (P742 and P743) or for an auxiliary power supply
(P741). The power supply board also contains the input and output hardware for the
rear communication port which provides an RS485 communication interface (K-Bus
Courier).

2.6.1 Power supply board (including RS485 communication interface (K Bus courier))
One of three different configurations of the power supply board can be fitted to the
relay. This will be specified at the time of order and depends on the nature of the
supply voltage that will be connected to the relay. The three options are shown in
table 1 below.

Nominal dc range Nominal ac range

24 48V dc only
48 110V 30 100V rms
110 250V 100 240V rms

Table 1: Power supply options

The output from all versions of the power supply module are used to provide isolated
power supply rails to all of the other modules within the relay. Three voltage levels
are used within the relay, 5.1V for all of the digital circuits, 16V for the analogue
electronics, e.g. on the input board, and 22V for driving the output relay coils and for
coprocessor and communication boards 3.3V power supply (through on board DC-
DC converter).

All power supply voltages including the 0V ground line are distributed around the
relay via the 64-way ribbon cables. One further voltage level is provided by the
power supply board which is the field voltage of 48V. This is brought out to terminals
on the back of the relay so that it can be used to drive the optically isolated digital
inputs.

The two other functions provided by the power supply board are the RS485
communications interface and the watchdog contacts for the relay. The RS485
interface is used with the relays rear communication port to provide communication
using K Bus Courier. The RS485 hardware supports half-duplex communication and
provides optical isolation of the serial data being transmitted and received.

All internal communication of data from the power supply board is conducted via the
output relay board which is connected to the parallel bus.

The watchdog facility provides two output relay contacts, one normally open and one
normally closed which are driven by the coprocessor board. These are provided to
give an indication that the relay is in a healthy state.
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2.6.2 Output relay board

The output relay board holds eight relays, six with normally open contacts and two
with changeover contacts. The relays are driven from the 22V power supply line. The
relays state is written to or read from using the parallel data bus.
In model P743, additional output contacts may be provided, through the use of up to
two extra relay boards. In this case only 5 normally open contacts are used per
board.

2.6.3 Auxiliary power supply

In P741 the power supply module contains main power supply and an auxiliary
power supply. The auxiliary power supply adds power on 22 V rail for the up to 8
communication boards within the relay.

The three input voltage options are the same as for main supply. The relay board is
provided as an alone board.

2.7 IRIG-B board (P741 only)

The IRIG-B board is an order option which can be fitted to provide an accurate timing
reference for the relay. This can be used wherever an IRIG-B signal is available. The
IRIG-B signal is connected to the board via a BNC connector on the back of the relay.
The timing information is used to synchronise the relays internal real-time clock to an
accuracy of 1ms. The internal clock is then used for the time tagging of the event,
fault maintenance and disturbance records.

2.8 Mechanical layout

The case materials of the relay are constructed from pre-finished steel which has a
conductive covering of aluminium and zinc. This provides good earthing at all joints
giving a low impedance path to earth which is essential for performance in the
presence of external noise. The boards and modules use a multi-point earthing
strategy to improve the immunity to external noise and minimise the effect of circuit
noise. Ground planes are used on boards to reduce impedance paths and spring
clips are used to ground the module metalwork.

Heavy duty terminal blocks are used at the rear of the relay for the current and
voltage signal connections. Medium duty terminal blocks are used for the digital logic
input signals, the output relay contacts, the power supply and the rear communication
port. ST connectors are used for the optical communication. A BNC connector is used
for the optional IRIG-B signal. 9-pin and 25-pin female D-connectors are used at the
front of the relay for data communication.

Inside the relay the PCBs plug into the connector blocks at the rear, and can be
removed from the front of the relay only. The connector blocks to the relays CT
inputs are provided with internal shorting links inside the relay which will
automatically short the current transformer circuits before they are broken when the
board is removed.

The front panel consists of a membrane keypad with tactile dome keys, an LCD and
12 LEDs mounted on an aluminium backing plate.